HITIYAREMYE N’ABANDI v. RADIANT INSURANCE COMPANY Ltd

# HITIYAREMYE N’ABANDI v. RADIANT INSURANCE COMPANY Ltd

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-01-10 - Case/document no.: RCA00393/2023/HC/KIG - Collection: High Court

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HITIYAREMYE N’ABANDI v. RADIANT INSURANCE COMPANY Ltd [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU – RCA00393/2023/HC/KIG (Hitimana, J. P.) 10 Mutarama 2025] Amategeko agenga imanza mbonezamubano – Ubwishingizi – Impanuka itewe n’ibinyabiziga – Uburyozwe – Kugira ngo umwishingizi yishyurire uwo yishingiye, ni ngombwa ko habanza kugaragazwa ko uwishingiwe ari we wateje ibyago, uwangirijwe akaba ari we ufite inshingano zo kubigaragaza. Amategeko agenga imanza mbonezamubano – Ubwishingizi – Impanuka itewe n’ibinyabiziga – Uburyozwe – Mu gihe nta ruhare uwishingiwe yagize mu mpanuka yabaye, nta buryozwe yashyirwaho kimwe n'umwishingizi we. Incamake y’ikibazo: Hitiyaremye n’Abavandimwe be bareze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo Radiant Insurance Company, ko yanze kubaha indishyi ku bwumvikane zituruka ku mpanuka yateye urupfu umuvandimwe wabo Nshimiyimana wari utwaye igare akagongana na moto yishingiye, yari itwawe na Kanyanziga we akaba yarakomeretse hamwe n’umugenzi yaratwaye. Radiant yireguye ivuga ko nta ndishyi ikwiye gutanga kuko uwo yishingiye atari we nyirabayazana w’impanuka. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwasesenguye icyo kirego rusanga nta shingiro gifite, ahubwo rusanga ikirego kiregera kwiregura cyatanzwe na Radiant gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe, rutegeka Abarega kwishyura Uregwa indishyi zijyanye n’ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Abarega ntibishimiye icyo cyemezo kuko bajuririye uru Rukiko Rukuru bavuga ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwirengagije ko uwazize impanuka yagonzwe n’ikinyabiziga gifite ubwishingizi bwa Radiant rukanirengagiza kubaza abatangabuhamya babonye uko impanuka yagenze umuvandimwe wabo agongwa na moto, basaba uru Rukiko Rukuru kwemeza ko umuryango wa nyakwigendera wahabwa indishyi kubera yapfuye azize impanuka ya moto. Muri ubu bujurire, Abarega basobanura ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwashingiye gusa ku nyandikomvugo yakozwe n’Umugenzacyaha ikaba itavugisha ukuri, ndetse rukaba rutarigeze rubaza abatangabuhamya babibonye impanuka iba kandi bari bahari, aho bemeje ko umumotari ariwe nyirabayazana w’impanuka kuko yari afite umuvuduko mwinshi. Bavuga kandi ko rwirengagije imanza barugaragarije zihuye n’ikibazo cyabo kijyanye no guhabwa indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka yateje urupfu. Mu mwanzuro wabo winyongera, Abarega bavuga ko inyandikomvugo y’umugenzacyaha itavugisha ukuri, aho ivuga ko igare ariryo ryagonze moto, ariko abatangabuhamya bakaba babinyomoza ko ahubwo ari moto yagonze igare. Bakaba basaba uru Rukiko Rukuru gushingira ku rubanza RS/INJUST/RC00024/2018/SC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga aho mu gace karwo ka 27, umucamanza yemeje ko inyandikomvugo (PV) yakozwe n’umugenzacyaha atariyo ihamya umuntu icyaha iyo impanuka yabaye atayirebera ubwe cyangwa ngo ashingiye kuri “analyse” yikoreye ubwe cyangwa ku byo yabwiwe n’abandi batari bahari impanuka iba. Bityo, bakaba basaba Urukiko Rukuru kwemeza ko impanuka yatewe na moto yari ifite umuvuduko mwinshi

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ikagonga iri gare nk’uko byemejwe n’abatangabuhamya, Uregwa ikaryozwa indishyi agomba kubishyura. Uregwa yireguye kuri ubwo bujurire avuga ko Abarega babeshya kuko ntabwo nyakwigendera wari utwaye igare yari mu mukono we, ahubwo yarawutaye agonga moto nk’uko inyandikomvugo ya police yabigaragaje. Ikindi ni uko abatangabuhamya babajijwe, inyandikomvugo zabo zikaba ziri muri PV y'impanuka yakozwe na polisi, ko mu rubanza rujuririrwa, ntacyo bigeze banenga izo nyandikomvugo z’abatangabuhamya. Avuga kandi ko nta nenge z’urubanza Abarega bagaragaza zisabirwa gukosorwa cyangwa amakosa yakozwe agomba gukosorwa hashingiwe ku mategeko. Bityo, akaba asaba uru Rukiko kwemeza ko ubu bujurire nta shingiro bufite. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Kugira ngo umwishingizi yishyurire uwo yishingiye, ni ngombwa ko habanza kugaragazwa ko uwishingiwe ari we wateje ibyago, uwangirijwe akaba ari we ufite inshingano zo kubigaragaza. 2. Mu gihe nta ruhare uwishingiwe yagize mu mpanuka yabaye, nta buryozwe yashyirwaho kimwe n'umwishingizi we. Bityo, Radiant Insurance Company ntikwiye kuryozwa indishyi zisabwa na Hitiyaremye n’Abagenzi be, kuko ibyago by’urupfu rw’umuvandimwe wabo Nshimiyimana Claude, byatewe na we wari utwaye igare akava mu mukono we akagongana na moto. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Amagarama aherera ku isanduku ya Leta. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 150. Itegeko-Teka No 32/75 ryo ku wa 07/08/1975 ryerekeye ubwishingire butegetswe ku buryozwe butewe n'ibigenzwa ku butaka bifite moteri, ingingo ya 3 nk’uko yahinduwe n’Itegeko Nº02/2002 ryo ku wa 17/01/2002, ingingo ya 2. Imanza zifashishijwe: RS/INJUST/RC00003/2023/SC, Soras yahindutse Sanlam v. Nzamwitakuze Therese, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga kuwa 16/02/2024. RS/INJUST/RC00019/2022/SC, Musengamana Jean Marie Vianney v. Ikigega Cyihariye cy’Ingoboka ku bwishingizi bw’uburyozwe bw’impanuka z’ibinyabiziga bifite moteri bigendera ku butaka n’izikomoka ku nyamaswa (SGF), rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 02/06/2023. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Hitiyaremye Pascal, Barasenga Thérèse, Akimanizanye Jeannette, Turatsinze Venuste, Ndayishimiye Emmanuel, Twiringiyimana Xavier, Masengesho Zachée, Mukiza Jean D'amour, Uwikunda Benitha, Iranejeje Pascal, kimwe na Iradukunda Kaliza Naome Na Uwajeneza Queen

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bahagarariwe na nyina Mukandayisenga Josephine batanze ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo barega Radiant Insurance Company Ltd basaba indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka y’ikinyabiziga byateye urupfu Nshimiyimana Claude wari utwaye igare, iyo mpanuka ikaba yarabaye ku wa 23/02/2022 saa tanu z’ijoro, ibera mu mudugudu wa Nyabugogo, Akagali ka Gasanze, Umurenge wa Nduba, mu Karere ka Gasabo, mu Mujyi wa Kigali, ubwo Nshimiyimana Claude wari utwaye igare yageze imbere ya station ya Essence iherereye ahamaze kuvugwa haruguru, ata igisate cy’umuhanda yagenderagamo agongana na Moto TVS Victor RE 525 I yavaga Kagugu yerekeza i Gasanze itwawe na Kanyanziga Flodouard, Nshimiyimana Claude wari utwaye igare ahita apfa, naho Kanyanziga Flodouard wari utwaye Moto n’umugenzi yari ahetse witwa Muhire barakomereka, bakomeza bavuga ko iyo moto yari ifite ubwishingizi muri Radiant Insurance Company Ltd, bakaba barasabye indishyi mu bwumvikane ntibazihabwa, bituma baregera Urukiko kugira ngo barenganurwe bahabwe indishyi hakurikijwe uko amategeko abiteganya. [2] Mu kwiregura kwa Radiant Insurance Company Ltd isobanura ko nta ndishyi ikwiye gutanga kuko uwo yishingiwe atari we nyirabayazana w’impanuka, anaboneraho gusaba ko Abaregwa bategekwa gusubiza Radiant Insurance Company Ltd amafaranga yatanze ikurikirana uru rubanza n’ay’igihembo cya Avoka. [3] Kuwa 10/10/2023 Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo rwaciye urwo rubanza aho rwemeje ko ikirego cyatanzwe na Hitiyaremye Pascal, Barasenga Thérèse, Akimanizanye Jeannette, Turatsinze Venuste, Ndayishimiye Emmanuel, Twiringiyimana Xavier, Masengesho Zachée, Mukiza Jean D'amour, Uwikunda Benitha, Iranejeje Pascal, n'ikirego cyatanzwe na Iradukunda Kaliza Naome na Uwajeneza Queen bahagarariwe na nyina Mukandayisenga Josephine nta shingiro gifite, ko ikirego kiregera kwiregura cyatanzwe na Radiant Insurance Company Ltd gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe, rutegeka abaregaga gufatanya kwishyura Radiant Insurance Company Ltd amafaranga 500.000Frw y'igihembo cya Avoka, rwemeza ko amafaranga 20.000Frw yatanzwe n’abaregaga nk’ingwate y'amagarama y'urubanza, ahwanye n'ibyakozwe muri uru rubanza. [4] Hitiyaremye Pascal, Barasenga Thérèse, Akimanizanye Jeannette, Turatsinze Venuste, Ndayishimiye Emmanuel, Twiringiyimana Xavier, Masengesho Zachée, Mukiza Jean D'amour, Uwikunda Benitha, Iranejeje Pascal, kimwe na Iradukunda Kaliza Naome na Uwajeneza Queen bahagarariwe na Nyina Mukandayisenga Josephine ntabwo bishimiye imikirize y’urwo rubanza bajurira mu Rukiko Rukuru bavuga ko urukiko rwisumbuye rwirengagije ko uwazize impanuka yagonzwe n’ikinyabiziga gifite ubwishingizi bwa Radiant rukanirengagiza kubaza abatangabuhamya babonye uko impanuka yagenze umuvandimwe wabo akagongwa na moto, basaba urukiko rukuru kwemeza ko umuryango wa nyakwigendera wahabwa indishyi kubera Nshimiyimana Claude wapfuye azize impanuka ya moto, bagasaba gutegeka Radiant kubishyura indishyi z'ikurikiranarubanza no gusiragizwa mu manza n'igihembo cy’Avoka. [5] Radiant Insurance Company Ltd yiregura kuri izo mpamvu z’ubujurire ivuga ko yo isanga nta nenge urubanza rujuririrwa rufite, kuko urukiko rwisumbuye rwashingiye ku bimenyetso ndetse n’imvugo z’abatangabuhamya ziri muri dosiye zigaragaza ko nyakwigendera wari utwaye igare atari mu mukono we, ahubwo yarawutaye agonga moto nk'uko inyandikomvugo ya police yabigaragaje, bagasaba ko urukiko rukuru rwakwemeza ko icyemezo cyafashwe n'urukiko rubanza kidahindutse mu ngingo zacyo zose, ahubwo rukagenera Radiant Insurance Company Ltd indishyi mu bujurire bwuririye ku bundi.

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II. IBIBAZO BIGARAGARA MU RUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYABYO a. Ibibazo bigaragara mu rubanza [6] Muri uru rubanza harasuzumwa ibibazo byo kumenya niba Nshimiyimana Claude wari utwaye igare ariwe wakoze amakosa hakabaho impanuka yatumye yitaba Imana cyangwa niba urupfu rwe rwaratewe n'amakosa ya moto bagonganye yari yishingiwe na Radiantikaba yaryozwa indishyi no kumenya ishingiro ry’ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi. b. Isesengura ry’ibibazo bigize urubanza Kubirebana no kumenya niba Nshimiyimana Claude wari utwaye igare ariwe wakoze amakosa yatumye habaho impanuka cyangwa niba urupfurwe rwaratewe n’amakosa ya moto yari yishingiwe na Radiant ikaba yaryozwa indishyi [7] Mu myanzuro no kuburana kwa Me Hategekimana Gratien uburanira Hitiyaremye Pascal, Barasenga Thérèse, Akimanizanye Jeannette, Turatsinze Venuste, Ndayishimiye Emmanuel, Twiringiyimana Xavier, Masengesho Zachée, Mukiza Jean D'amour, Uwikunda Benitha, Iranejeje Pascal, kimwe na Iradukunda Kaliza Naome na Uwajeneza Queen bahagarariwe na Nyina Mukandayisenga Josephine, avuga ko impamvu z’ubujurire zabo zishingiye ku kuba Urukiko rwisumbuye rwarirengagije ko nyakwigendera yari mu muhanda atwaye igare ari mu mukono we akagongwa n’ikinyabiziga kindi aricyo moto yo mu bwoko bwa TVS RE 525 I ifite ubwishingizi muri Radiant Insurance Company Ltd, ikindi ko ari ukuba urukiko rwisumbuye rutarigeze rubaza abatangabuhamya babibonye impanuka iba kandi bari bahari, rwihutira guca urubanza rushingiye gusa ngo kuba nyakwigendera yataye igisate cy’umuhanda yagenderagamo agongana na Moto TVS Victor RE 525 I yavaga Kagugu yerekeza i Gasanze itwawe na Kanyanziga Flodouard. [8] Me Hategekimana Gratien uburanira Hitiyaremye Pascal na bagenzi be barega muri uru rubanza akomeza avuga ko kuba Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwarirengagije urubanza RC00821/2019/TGI/NYGE rwaburanyemo Mukabagorora Rose, Gasaro Keza Honorine, Nkurunziza Olivier, Joshua, barega Radiant Insurance Ltd, ikiregerwa ari indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka yateje urupfu rwa Nkurunziza Francois kuwa 06/10/2017, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge kuwa 23/01/2020, bityo mu guca uru rubanza Urukiko rukaba rwaragombaga kubisuzumana ubushishozi dore ko nyakwigendera yari atwaye igare kandi akaba yaragonzwe na Moto ko n’umucamanza nta kintu yigeze aruvugaho. [9] Mu mwanzuro w’inyongera watanzwe na Me Hategekimana Gratien uburanira Hitiyaremye Pascal na bagenzi be barega muri uru rubanza akomeza avuga ko ashingiwe ku biteganywa mu rubanza RCA00008/2023/HC/RWG cyane cyane mu gace ka 10, aho umucamanza yasobanuye ko shoferi w’ikinyabiziga w’umwuga afite inshingano yo kwitwararika mu muhanda ku buryo ikinyabiziga atwaye kitateza impanuka iyo ariyo yose, rero kuba shoferi wari utwaye iyi moto ataritwararitse bigatuma agonga umunyegare nk’uko abatangabuhamya babajijwe n’umugenzacyaha babigaragaje, ko RADIANT ikaba igomba kuryozwa amakosa yakozwe n’iyi moto yishingiye. [10] Muri uwo mwanzuro w’inyongera watanzwe na Me Hategekimana Gratien uburanira Hitiyaremye Pascal na bagenzi be barega muri uru rubanza akomeza avuga ko kuba PV

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y’umugenzacyaha itavugisha ukuri, aho bavuga ko igare ariryo ryagonze moto, kandi abatangabuhamya babinyomoza ko ahubwo ari moto yagonze igare, hagashingirwa ku rubanza RS/INJUST/RC00024/2018/SC mu gace karwo ka 27, umucamanza yemeje ko PV yakozwe n’umugenzacyaha atariyo ihamya umuntu icyaha iyo impanuka yabaye atayirebera ubwe cyangwa ngo ashingiye kuri analyse yikoreye ubwe cyangwa ku byo yabwiwe n’abandi batari bahari impanuka iba, ko aha basanga iyi PV y’impanuka yakozwe n’umugenzacyaha itahabwa agaciro kuko yavuze ibyo atabonye, ikindi kandi yirengagije ibyo yabwiwe n’abatangabuhamya babonye impanuka iba aho bemeje ko moto ari yo yagonze igare, aho Umutangabuhamya Ndabizi Jean Bosco wabajijwe mu bugenzacyaha yemeje ko impanuka yatewe na motar wihutaga cyane, kandi nyuma y’uko impanuka iba yahamagaye bene wabo ababwira ko yishe umuntu, rero uyu mumotari niwe nyirabayazana, undi mutangabuhamya witwa Bavakure Emmanuel nawe yemeje ko impanuka ikimara kuba yahise ahagera, asanga impanuka yaratewe n’umuvuduko mwinshi wa moto, ko kuba rero ubu buhamya bugaragara muri PV y’ubugenzacyaha, maze umugenzacyaha akavuga ibinyuranye n’ubuhamya yahawe, bigaragaza kubogama gukabije kugaragarira buri wese, ariyo mpamvu basaba urukiko rukuru kwemeza ko impanuka yatewe na moto yari ifite umuvuduko mwinshi ikagonga iri gare nk’uko byemejwe n’abatangabuhamya, Radiant ikaryozwa indishyi zikwiye kwishyurwa abarega. [11] Radiant Insurance Company Ltd yiregura kuri izo mpamvu z’ubujurire ivuga ko abarega babeshya ntabwo nyakwigendera wari utwaye igare yari mu mukono we, ahubwo yarawutaye agonga moto nk'uko inyandikomvugo ya police yabigaragaje, ikindi ko Abatangabuhamya babajijwe, Inyandikomvugo zabo zikaba ziri muri PV y'impanuka yakozwe na polisi, ko mu rubanza rujuririrwa, ntacyo abarega bigeze banenga izo nyandikomvugo z'abatangabuhamya, byongeye, urubanza RC00821/2019/TGI/NYGE abarega bavuga ko umucamanza wo ku rwego rwa mbere atarwitayeho kandi ari ikimenyetso, ntabwo ruriya rubanza ari jurisprudence ya Cour Supreme rwagombaga kuha umurongo umucamanza kuri iki kibazo, kuba Umucamanza ataragize icyo abivugaho ntibikwiye gufatwa nk’inenge iri mu rubanza rujuririrwa, ko Radiant Insurance Company Ltd ikaba isanga nta nenge z'urubanza abarega bagaragaza zisabirwa gukosorwa cyangwa amakosa yakozwe agomba gukosorwa hashingiwe ku mategeko nk'uko ingingo ya 150 ya CPCCSA ibiteganya, ariyo mpamvu isaba urukiko kwemeza ko ubu bujurire nta shingiro bufite. UKO URU RUKIKO RUBIBONA [12] Uru rukiko rusanga impaka ziri muri uru rubanza arizo kumenya niba hari ibimenyetso byemeza ko urupfu rwa Nshimiyimana Claude rwaba rukomoka ku mpanuka Radiant ikwiye kwishyurira indishyi zaba imbangamirabukungu ku babyeyi be cyangwa iz’ibangamiramuco zishingiye ku ngingo ya 22 y’iteka rya perezida cyangwa niba uwazize impanuka ariwe nyirabayazana w’impanuka. [13] Mu gusuzuma iki kibazo, ni ngombwa gusesengura ibyishingirwa mu bwishingire butegetswe ku buryozwe butewe n'ibigenzwa ku butaka bifite moteri (responsabilité civile obligatoire en matière de véhicule automoteurs), kugira ngo harebwe niba koko Radiant Insurance Company Ltd yaragombaga kuryozwa ibyago (dommage) bikomoka ku mpanuka yateye urupfu umunyegare wagonganye na moto yari ifite ubwishingizi muri Radiant.

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[14] Ingingo ya 3 y’Itegeko-Teka no 32/75 ryo ku wa 07/08/1975 ryerekeye ubwishingire butegetswe ku buryozwe butewe n'ibigenzwa ku butaka bifite moteri, nk'uko yahinduwe n'Itegeko Nº 02/2002 ryo ku wa 17/01/2002, mu gika cya 2, igira iti: ubwishingizi bugomba kwishingira ibyago biba ku bantu no ku bintu biturutse ku mpamvu zabereye mu Rwanda. Bugomba kwishingira ibyago biba ku bantu bari bahetswe n'ibinyaþiziga ku mpamvu izo ari zose mu gihe icyo kinyabiziga cyateie ibyo byago. Ibintu bihetswe n'ikinyabiziga bishobora kutabarirwa mu bwishingizi habayeho amasezerano yihariye1. [15] Mu rubanza RS/INJUST/RC00003/2023/SC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 16/02/2024 haburana Soras yahindutse Sanlam na Nzamwitakuze Therese, narwo mu gika cya 24 rwashingiye ku rubanza RS/INJUST/RC00019/2022/SC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 02/06/2023, haburana Musengamana Jean Marie Vianney n’Ikigega Cyihariye cy’Ingoboka ku bwishingizi bw’uburyozwe bw’impanuka z’ibinyabiziga bifite moteri bigendera ku butaka n’iz’ikomoka ku nyamaswa (SGF), Urukiko rwifashishije ibisobanuro by’Abahanga mu mategeko, rwagaragaje ko uburyozwe busobanurwa nk’inshingano zo kwishyura ibyo umuntu yangirije undi, naho ubwishingizi bw’uburyozwe bugasobanurwa nk’ubwishingizi bugamije kwishyurira uwishingiwe ibyo yakurikiranwaho n’abo yangirije, Urukiko rwasobanuye kandi ko uwangirijwe ari we ugomba kugaragaza uruhare rw’uwo avuga wamwangirije2. [16] Muri izo manza zagaragaje ko ibimaze kuvugwa bigaragaza ko icyishingirwa ari ibyago byatejwe n'ikinyabiziga cyishingiwe, kugira ngo rero umwishingizi yishyurire uwo yishingiye, ni ngombwa ko habanza kugaragazwa ko uwishingiwe ari we wateje ibyago, uwangirijwe akaba ari we ufite inshingano zo kubigaragaza. [17] Muri uru rubanza, ababuranyi bombi (abaregera indishyi na Radiant) nubwo batemeranya ko umunyegare Nshimiyimana Claude ari we wateje impanuka, ariko nk'uko bigaragara mu nyandikomvugo y'uburyo impanuka yagenze yakozwe na Polisi, yemeje ibi bikurikira: dushingiye kumiterere yaho impanuka yabereye aho ibinyabiziga byavaga naho byerekezaga, inyandikomvúgo za Muhire wari utwawe kuri moto victor RE 5251) ibimenyetso twasanze ahabereye impanuka dusanga impanuka yaratewe no kugenda nabi mumuhanda byatumye Nshiniiyimana Claude ava mu gisate cy'umuhanda yagenderacamo akagonga moto ayisanze mu gisate cyayo babisikana. [18] Mu mpamvu z’ubujurire z’abaregera indishyi banenga urubanza rujuririrwa bavuga ko urukiko rwisumbuye rwirengagije ibimenyetso by’imvugo z’abatangabuhamya kandi ko rutagombaga gushingira ku nyandiko mvugo y’ubugenzacyaha gusa kuko ishobora kuvuguruzwa n’imvugo z’abatangabuhamya, bakagaragaza ko Ndabizi Jean Bosco na Bavakure Emmanuel babajijwe mu bugenzacyaha bemeje ko impanuka yatewe na motari wihutaga cyane, rwasuzuma izo mvugo z’abo batangabuhamya Ndabizi Jean Bosco asobanura neza ko igare na moto nubwo yageze ahabereye impanuka nyuma y’iminota itatu ariko ko yasanze bagonganiye hagati y’umuhanda mu turongo tugabanya umuhanda, anavuga ko yasanze ahabereye impanuka abantu bagera ku 10, bivuze ko ubwe nubwo yemeza ko impanuka yatewe n’umuvuduko ariko kandi ubwe agaragaza ko impanuka yabaye adahari ko yasanze yamaze kuba akahagera hashize iminota

1 Ingingo ya 3 y’Itegeko-Teka No 32/75 ryo ku wa 07/08/1975, ibisobanura muri aya magambo y’igifaransa iti: “Par le présent contrat, la Société couvre, a ux conditions ci-après indiquées, la responsabilité civile de l'Assuré du chef des dommages causés au Rwanda par le véhicule automoteur désigné aux conditions particulières”. 2 Urubanza RS/INJUST/RC00019/2022/SC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 02/06/2023, igika cya 24.

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itatu, ibi ni kimwe n’ibyavuzwe na Bavakure nawe wemeje ko yasanze impanuka imaze kuba ko atari ahibereye impaka ikimara kuba, izi mvugo zabo batangabuhamya rukaba rusanga zitagaragaza ukuvuguruza ibyo ubugenzacyaha bwashingiyeho cyane ko buhuza ibyo bwashingiyeho n’uwari utwawe kuri moto ariwe Muhire, ibivugwa n’abarega ko urukiko rwisumbuye rwirengagije imvugo z’abatangabuhamya bikaba nta shingiro byahabwa. [19] Hakurikijwe ibimaze kugaragazwa, ibyabaye ingaruka itaziguye y'urupfu rwa Nshimiyimana wari utwari igare, akaba nta ruhare na rumwe abarega bagaragaza uwo bagonganye wari utwaye moto yaba yaragize mu mpanuka yabaye, ko nkuko byemejwe mu manza zavuzwe haruguru zaciwe n’urukiko rw’ikirenga ko mu gihe rero nta ruhare rw’uwari wishingiwe (ari uwari utwaye moto muri uru rubanza) yagize mu mpanuka yabaye, nta buryozwe uwari uyitwaye yashyirwaho kimwe n'umwishingizi we, kuko ibyago byabaye kuri Nshimiyimana Claude wataye umukono we atwaye igare akaba ariwe wateje impanuka ari naryo ryagakwiye kubazwa uburyozwe bw'ibyo byago, bityo umwishingizi wa moto ivugwa muri uru rubanza ariwe Radiant akaba adakwiye kuryozwa indishyi zisabwa n’abarega muri uru rubanza kuko ubwabo batagaragaza ibimenyetso bivuguruza inyandiko mvugo zakozwe n’umugenzacyaha wageze ahabereye impanuka akemeza ko yatewe n’uwari utwaye igare ariwe abarega bashingiraho basaba ko bagenerwa indishyi z’impanuka ubwe yateje igatuma yitaba Imana. [20] Ku byerekeye urubanza RC00821/2019/TGI/NYGE abaregera indishyi bavuga ko urukiko rwisumbuye rutashingiyeho ngo rwemeze ko bakwiye kugenerwa indishyi, ariko uru rukiko rusanga urwo rubanza nubwo rwanajuririwe ariko kandi rusanga atari icyitegererezo kuko ntaho runahuriye n’uru rubanza, ko nubwo muri urwo rubanza hemejwe ko umwishingizi w’ikinyabiziga cyagonze umunyegare cyagombaga kwitonda kigashishoza ariko kandi bitandukanye n’ibivugwa muri iyi dosiye ko umunyegare ariwe wateje impanuka. Ku byerekeye kumenya ishingiro ry’indishyi zikurikirana rubanza n’igihembo cya avocat ndetse n’ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi [21] Me Hategekimana Gratien uburanira Radiant Insurance Company Ltd avuga ko kuba abarega bakomeje gushora uregwa mu manza z'amaherere bigatuma ikomeza kwishyura umunyamategeko wo kuyiburanira, itanze ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi isaba ko abarega bazayishyura indishyi zingana na 500,000Frw z'igihembo cya avoka ku rwego rw'ubujurire. [22] Me Hategekimana Gratien uburanira Hitiyaremye Pascal, Barasenga Thérèse, Akimanizanye Jeannette, Turatsinze Venuste, Ndayishimiye Emmanuel, Twiringiyimana Xavier, Masengesho Zachée, Mukiza Jean D'amour, Uwikunda Benitha, Iranejeje Pascal, kimwe na Iradukunda Kaliza Naome na Uwajeneza Queen bahagarariwe na Nyina Mukandayisenga Josephine, avuga ko ndishyi Radiant isaba nta shingiro zahabwa kuko Radiant Insurance Company igomba kuryozwa amakosa yakozwe na Motari kuko iyo Moto ifite ubwishingizi muri Radiant Insurance Campany, ahubwo ko abajuriye bahabwa amafranga y'ikurikiranarubanza 1.000.000Frw n'igihembo cy'avoka cya 2.000.000Frw. UKO URU RUKIKO RUBIBONA [23] Uru rukiko rusanga ku byerekeye indishyi zisabwa na Hitiyaremye Pascal, Barasenga Thérèse, Akimanizanye Jeannette, Turatsinze Venuste, Ndayishimiye Emmanuel, Twiringiyimana

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Xavier, Masengesho Zachée, Mukiza Jean D'amour, Uwikunda Benitha, Iranejeje Pascal, kimwe na Iradukunda Kaliza Naome Na Uwajeneza Queen bahagarariwe na nyina Mukandayisenga Josephine, ko kuba ibyo bajuririye bitahawe ishingiro kuko ntacyo banenga ibyashingiweho n’urukiko rwisumbuye, bigaragara ko bagamije gushora mu manza uregwa Radiant Insurance Company Ltd rusanga indishyi abajuriye basaba ko bishyurwa na Radiant Insurance Company Ltd nta shingiro zahabwa. [24] Uru rukiko rusanga indishyi zisabwa na Radiant Insurance Company Ltd mu bujurire bwuririye ku bundi bukaba bufite ishingiro bityo Radiant ikaba ikwiye kugenerwa indishyi zikurikirana rubanza n’igihembo cya avocat kuko itsinda mu bujurire ariko ikagenerwa izibazwe mu bushishozi bw’urukiko abajuriye aribo Hitiyaremye Pascal, Barasenga Thérèse, Akimanizanye Jeannette, Turatsinze Venuste, Ndayishimiye Emmanuel, Twiringiyimana Xavier, Masengesho Zachée, Mukiza Jean D’amour, Uwikunda Benitha, Iranejeje Pascal, kimwe na Iradukunda Kaliza Naome Na Uwajeneza Queen bahagarariwe na nyina Mukandayisenga Josephine bagafatanya kwishyura Radiant Insurance Company Ltd indishyi zikurikirana rubanza zihwanye n’ibihumbi magana abiri (200.000Frw) ndetse n’igihembo cya avocat kingana n’ibihumbi magana abiri na mirongo itanu (250.000Frw). III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [25] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Hitiyaremye Pascal, Barasenga Thérèse, Akimanizanye Jeannette, Turatsinze Venuste, Ndayishimiye Emmanuel, Twiringiyimana Xavier, Masengesho Zachée, Mukiza Jean D'amour, Uwikunda Benitha, Iranejeje Pascal, kimwe na Iradukunda Kaliza Naome na Uwajeneza Queen bahagarariwe na nyina Mukandayisenga Josephine barega Radiant Insurance Company Ltd nta shingiro bufite. [26] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza RC00496/2022/TGI/Gsbo rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo kuwa 10/10/2023 idahindutse mu ngingo zayo zose. [27] Rutegetse Hitiyaremye Pascal, Barasenga Thérèse, Akimanizanye Jeannette, Turatsinze Venuste, Ndayishimiye Emmanuel, Twiringiyimana Xavier, Masengesho Zachée, Mukiza Jean D'amour, Uwikunda Benitha, Iranejeje Pascal, kimwe na Iradukunda Kaliza Naome na Uwajeneza Queen bahagarariwe na nyina Mukandayisenga Josephine gufatanya kwishyura Radiant Insurance Company Ltd indishyi zo gushorwa mu manza zingana n’ibihumbi abiri (200.000Frw) ndetse n’igihembo cya avocat kingana n’ibihumbi magana abiri na mirongo itanu (250.000Frw). [28] Rutegetse ko ingwate y’amagarama y’urubanza yatanzwe n’abajuriye ihwanye n’ibyakoreshejwe muri uru rubanza.