HORIZON EXPRESS LTD v. SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI N’ABANDI

# HORIZON EXPRESS LTD v. SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI N’ABANDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2024-11-15 - Case/document no.: RCOMAA 00002/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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HORIZON EXPRESS LTD v. SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI N’ABANDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RCOMAA 00002/2024/CA (Kamere, P.J.) 15 Ugushyingo 2024] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano – Ibimenyetso – Urega agomba kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’ibyo aregera. Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano – Indishyi mbonezamusaruro (manque à gagner) – Uburyo bwo kubara igihombo – Igihombo ntikibarwa mu buryo bugenekereje, ahubwo kigomba gutangirwa ibimenyetso kugira ngo hishyurwe indishyi zagikomokaho. Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano – Amafaranga y’ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza – Umuburanyi usaba amafaranga yakoresheje ku rubanza agomba kuyahabwa kubera ko atsinze, yaba asaba menshi atagaragaza uburyo ariyo yagiye ku rubanza agatangwa mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi uwitwa SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI wari waratanze ikirego gitesha agaciro cyamunara yakozwe ku mutungo wayo yari yarahayeho ingwate BK kugirango iyihe inguzanyo, Urukiko rwemeza ko cyamunara iteshejwe agaciro, arega HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd na COGEBANQUE Plc, asaba Urukiko gutegeka ko umutungo uri mu kibanza UPI: 2/04/09/01/940 ukurwa mu bugwate nyuma yuko HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd yari yarawuguze mu cyamunara nayo ikawutangamo ingwate muri COGEBANQUES Plc, asaba kandi guhabwa indishyi zinyuranye. Muri urwo rubanza kandi hasabwa ko BK yagoboka muri urwo rubanza. Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwaciye urubanza rwemezo ko umutungo ukurwa mu bugwate, SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI agasubizwa uburenganzira busesuye kuri uwo mutungo we nta yandi mananiza, runemeza kandi ko BK Plc yishyura COGEBANQUE Plc amafaranga angana na 63 351 902 Frw akubiyemo 48.000.000 Frw y’inguzanyo yahaye HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd kugira ngo igure muri cyamunara umutungo wavuzwe, na 14.751.902 Frw y’inyungu, ndetse na 600.000 Frw akubiyemo igihembo cya Avoka n’ikurikiranarubanza. Runategeka kandi ko yishyura HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd amafaranga angana na 16.287.975 Frw. Horizon Express Ltd yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ivuga ko ariyo yari guhabwa amafaranga Urukiko rwageneye Cogebanque Plc ndetse ivuga ko yagombaga kubona amafaranga ya manque à gagner kuko yaguze umutungo mu cyamunara kugira ngo iwugire uwayo burundu, ndetse izabubyaze umusaruro mu gihe kiri imbere, ku buryo kubuyambura ngo bitagombaga gufatwa nk’aho ntacyo byayihombeje. Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko ubujurire bwa Horizon Express Ltd nta shingiro bufite, ndetse nta gihindutse ku mikirize y’urubanza rujuririrwa. Horizon Express Ltd yajuririye mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwiregagije ikimenyetso cyanzwe kigaragaza uko umwenda wari uhagaze ku munsi urubanza rwaburanishirijweho, ndetse ivuga ko itahawe manque à gagner izo akaba ari inyungu yari

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kuzabona mu gihe kizaza ku mutungo yari yaguze burundu zitakagombye kwitiranywa n’inyungu zindi izo ari zo zose. BK yireguye ivuga ko ubujurire budakwiye guhabwa ishingiro, ikavuga urega atabasha kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’ibyo aregera, isaba ko Horizon Express Ltd yazanye imanza z’amaherere igomba kwishyura indishyi zitandukanye. Equity Bank Plc yasimbuye Cogebanque Plc yo ivuga ko BK ikwiye kwirengera amakosa yose yakoze yo gukoresha cyamunara idakurikije amategeko. SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI we avuga ko impamvu z’ubujurire z’urega ntacyo zimurebaho ahubwo agasaba ko ingwate yandukurwa mu bitabo by’ingwate, agahabwa n’uzatsindwa indishyi zitandukanye zo gushorwa mu manza. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Urega agomba kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’ibyo aregera. Iyo abibuze, uwarezwe aratsinda. Naho uvuga ko atagitegetswe gukora icyo yategekwaga gukora cyagaragajwe n’ibimenyetso agomba kugaragaza impamvu zakimukuyeho. Iyo abiburiye ibimenyetso, uwo baburana aramutsinda. 2. Igihombo ntikibarwa mu buryo bugenekereje, ahubwo kigomba gutangirwa ibimenyetso kugira ngo hishyurwe indishyi zagikomokaho. 2. Umuburanyi usaba amafaranga yakoresheje ku rubanza agomba kuyahabwa kubera ko atsinze urubanza kandi bikaba bigaragara ko byabaye ngombwa kurukurikirana no gushaka Avoka umuburanira; cyakora ko iyo ayo asaba ari menshi kandi atagaragaza uburyo ariyo yagiye kuri uru rubanza atangwa mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko. Ubujurire bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe. Imikirize y’uru rubanza isimbuye iy’urubanza rwajuririwe. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, Ingingo ya 12. Imanza zifashishijwe: RS/INJUST/RAD 00002/2022/SC; MHAYIMANA Isaïe vs Urugaga rw’Abavoka rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 17/02/2023, RS/INJUST/RC 00005/2021/SC; Radiant Insurance Company Ltd vs Dusabimana rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga kuwa 21 Mutarama 2022. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Bank of Kigali (B.K) Plc yasabye ko umutungo wanditswe kuri UPI : 2/04/09/01/940 wa SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI ugurishwa muri cyamunara, maze ku wa 12/03/2020 ugurwa na HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd, na yo yaje kuwutangamo ingwate ku mwenda yari ihawe

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na COGEBANQUE Ltd ubu isigaye ari EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc. Nyuma yaho, SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI yaregeye gutesha agaciro iyo cyamunara kuko BK Plc yamugurishirije umutungo nyamara nta mwenda ayibereyemo. Iyo cyamunara yaje guteshwa agaciro nk’uko bigaragazwa n’imanza RC 00097/2020/TB/NGO na RCA 00048/TGI/HYE. [2] SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI, amaze gutsinda izo manza zatesheje agaciro cyamunara, HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd ntiyamusubije uwo mutungo yari yaraguze mu cyamunara ikanawutangaho ingwate ku nguzanyo yahawe na COGEBANQUE Plc, ngo kuko BK Plc yari yarakoresheje iyo cyamunara ikanakira ubwishyu bwaguzwe uwo mutungo na yo yanze kuyisubiza amafaranga yawuguze n’inyungu zayo. Indi mpamvu itawumusubije ngo ni uko icyangombwa cyawo cyari gifitwe na EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc ubu yabaye COGEBANQUE Plc nk’ingwate ku nguzanyo yari yarayihaye ingana na 48.000.000 Frw, kandi COGEBANQUE Plc na yo ikaba yaranze kurekura icyangombwa itishyuwe ayo mafaranga yayigurije n’inyungu zayo. Ibyo byatumye SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI atanga ikirego mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, cyandikwa kuri RCOM 01571/2021/TC, arega HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd na COGEBANQUE Plc, asaba Urukiko gutegeka ko umutungo uri mu kibanza UPI : 2/04/09/01/940 ukurwa mu bugwate kandi agahabwa indishyi zinyuranye. HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd kandi yagobokesheje BK Plc mu rubanza ivuga ko ari yo nyirabayazana w’ibibazo byose, isaba ko BK Plc yategekwa kuyisubiza 48.000.000 Frw yishyuwe hagurwa umutungo wari ingwate yayo, ngo ayo akaba yarafashweho inguzanyo muri COGEBANQUE Plc hamwe n’inyungu ziyakomokaho, ikanasubiza HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd 12.000.000 Frw yatanze iyishatseho hamwe n’inyungu ziyakomokaho, ubwo ayo BK Plc yasabwaga gusubiza yose hamwe akaba 60.000.000 Frw yishyuwe nk’ikiguzi cyo kwegukana umutungo muri cyamunara, hiyongereyeho n’inyungu ziyakomokaho. Isaba kandi indishyi z’igihombo yatewe kubera kutabyaza umutungo yari yaguze umusaruro yari awitezeho (indishyi mbangamirabukungu), amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. [3] COGEBANQUE Plc yireguye ivuga ko yasubizwa amafaranga 48.000.000 Frw yagurije HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd n’inyungu zayo, ikabona guha SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI icyangombwa cy’umutungo yahaweho ingwate na HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd kuko bigaragara ko ari icya SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI nyuma y’iseswa rya cyamunara. Isaba amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. [4] BK Plc ntabwo yitabye Urukiko nta n’impamvu igaragaje, ndetse nta n’imyanzuro yo kwiregura yakoze, hanyuma iburanishwa idahari. [5] Ku wa 22/04/2022, Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwaciye urubanza RCOM 01571/2021/TC rwemeza ko : a) Ukugobokesha Bank of Kigali Plc bisabwe na HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd bihawe ishingiro ; b) Urubanza rwaburanishijwe Bank of Kigali Plc ititabye, ariko bikaba bigaragara ko ari yo nyirabayazana w’uru rubanza, bityo igomba kuryozwa indishyi zasabwe n’urega n’ibyo abaregwa baregewe ; c) Umutungo uri mu kibanza UPI : 2/04/09/01/940 uherereye mu Karere ka Huye, Umurenge wa Ngoma, Akagari ka Butare ukurwa mu bugwate, SAMIRA SAIF AMUR

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AL MARHOOBI agomba gusubizwa uburenganzira busesuye kuri uwo mutungo we nta yandi mananiza ; d) Amasezerano y’inguzanyo yabaye hagati ya HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd na COGEBANQUE Plc agomba guseswa nk’ingaruka z’uko cyamunara ku mutungo uri mu kibanza UPI : 2/04/09/01/940 yabaye ku wa 12/03/2020 yateshejwe agaciro n’urubanza RCA 0048/2020/TGI/HYE rwabaye ntakuka ; e) Bank of Kigali Plc yishyura SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI indishyi z’akababaro zihwanye na 3.000.000 Frw na 600.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka wamuburaniye n’ikurikiranarubanza, yose hamwe ikamwishyura 3.600.000 Frw ; f) BK Plc kandi yishyura COGEBANQUE Plc 62.751.902 Frw akubiyemo 48.000.000 Frw y’inguzanyo yahaye HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd kugira ngo igure muri cyamunara umutungo wavuzwe, na 14.751.902 Frw y’inyungu kuko Urukiko rwayambuye ingwate, igomba no kuyishyura 600.000 Frw akubiyemo igihembo cya Avoka n’ikurikiranarubanza, yose hamwe akaba 63.351.902 Frw ; g) Bank of Kigali Plc igomba kwishyura HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd 12.000.000 Frw yayishyuye iyishatseho kugira ngo igure muri cyamunara umutungo wavuzwe, n’inyungu zayo zihwanye na 3.687.975 Frw, igomba no kuyishyura 600.000 Frw akubiyemo igihembo cya Avoka n’ikurikiranarubanza, yose hamwe akaba 16.287.975 Frw ; h) Umutungo uri mu kibanza UPI : 2/04/09/01/940 uherereye mu Karere ka Huye, Umurenge wa Ngoma, Akagari ka Butare ukurwa mu bugwate, SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI agasubizwa uburenganzira ku mutungo we. [6] HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, ubujurire bwayo bwandikwa kuri RCOMA 00370/2022/HCC, inenga ko Urukiko rwemeje ko COGEBANQUE Plc yishyurwa amafaranga yose y’inguzanyo n’inyungu zayo kandi mu rwego rwo kubahiriza amasezerano y’inguzanyo bagiranye HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd yari imaze kwishyura igice kinini cyayo ndetse n’inyungu ziyikomokaho zingana na 14.751.902 Frw. Isaba Urukiko ko ari yo yahabwa amafaranga y’inguzanyo yahawe na COGEBANQUE Plc noneho hagati ya HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd na COGEBANQUE Plc bakazabarana amafaranga y’umwenda HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd isigaje kwishyura iyo banki, ikazayayishyura cyane cyane ko mu gihe cyose nta rubanza ndakuka rurabaho HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd igomba gukomeza kwishyura yubahiriza amasezerano y’inguzanyo yahawe na COGEBANQUE Plc. [7] HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd yanajuririye kandi kuba Urukiko rubanza rutarayihaye indishyi yaregeye z’igihombo (manque à gagner) ngo rugendeye ku mpamvu zitari zo, aho ngo rwirengagije ko yari yaguze mu cyamunara ubutaka kugira ngo ibugire ubwayo burundu, ndetse izabubyaze umusaruro mu gihe kiri imbere, ku buryo kubuyambura ngo bitagombaga gufatwa nk’aho ntacyo byayihombeje. Isaba no guhabwa amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. [8] COGEBANQUE Plc yireguye ivuga ko ibyo HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd isaba ko yahabwa amafaranga yose yagenewe nk’inguzanyo nta shingiro bifite kuko mu iburanisha ku rwego rubanza yemeye ko ari yo iyibereyemo, kandi ko amafaranga uwajuriye yaba amaze kwishyura ku mwenda

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afitiwe ibimenyetso yayasubizwa na COGEBANQUE Plc. Inasaba guhabwa amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka. [9] BK Plc mu kwiregura kwayo yavuze ko nta nyungu SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI afite zo gusaba ko yasubizwa umutungo we wari wagurishijwe mu cyamunara kuko ngo n’ubwo yateshejwe agaciro ibintu byasubiye uko byahoze, uwo mutungo ukomeza kuba ingwate ya BK Plc. Ivuga kandi ko HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd itari kujurira ngo kuko ntawayambuye umutungo yaguze mu cyamunara, ikawutangaho ingwate ndetse ikaba ikiwukoresha, ndetse ko andi mafaranga uwajuriye asaba guhabwa hamwe n’inyungu zayo nta shingiro afite kuko BK Plc itabiryozwa mu gihe nta kosa yakoze ryatumye cyamunara iteshwa agaciro, kandi ko icyo HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd yaguze ikigifite, inakibyaza umusaruro. Isaba ko JAMILA SULEIMAN HILARY wagiranye nayo amasezerano y’inguzanyo n’ingwate ndetse ukinayifitiye umwenda yagobokeshwa mu rubanza kimwe n’Umuhesha w’Inkiko warangije urubanza kuri cyamunara yateshejwe agaciro kugira ngo babe ari bo birengera indishyi zisabwa BK Plc kuko ngo yo nta kosa yakoze. Inasaba kandi indishyi z’akababaro, amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. [10] SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI we yavuze ko ibisabwa n’uwajuriye ntacyo bimurebaho. [11] Ku wa 29/12/2023, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwaciye urubanza RCOMA 00370/2022/HCC, rwemeza ko ubujurire bwa HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd nta shingiro bufite, ko nta gihindutse ku mikirize y’urubanza yajuririye, ko yishyura COGEBANQUE Plc 600.000 Frw y’indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka, ko kandi iha BANK OF KIGALI Plc 600.000 Frw y’indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka, amafaranga yatanzeho ingwate y’amagarama ijurira agaherera ku Isanduku ya Leta. [12] Ku wa 26/01/2024, HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd yajuririye imikirize y’urwo rubanza mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, ikirego cyayo cy’ubujurire gihabwa RCOMAA 00002/2024/CA., inenga ibi bikurikira : a) Kuba Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwaravuze ko ubujurire bwayo nta shingiro bufite ; isobanura ko hafashwe icyo cyemezo kubera gutesha agaciro ikimenyetso cyatanzwe kigaragaza uko umwenda wari uhagaze ku munsi urubanza rwaburanishirijweho, ko iyo situation y’umwenda yagaragajwe na COGEBANQUE Plc ubwayo hanyuma ntibyashingirwaho ; b) Kuba Urukiko rwaranze gutanga « manque à gagner » ku mpamvu zitari zo. Aha isobanura ko yasabye ko yahabwa manque à gagner zingana na 50.000.000 Frw, kandi izo akaba ari inyungu yari kuzabona mu gihe kizaza ku mutungo wayo yari yaguze burundu zitagombye kwitiranywa n’inyungu zindi izo ari zo zose ;

Inasaba ko BK Plc itegekwa kuyiha igihembo cya Avoka kingana na 1.500.000 Frw ndetse na 500.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza. [13] Mu kwiregura BK Plc ivuga ko ubu bujurire bwa HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd nta shingiro bufite kuko nta bimenyetso itanga by’ibyo iregera kandi ko umuburanyi ubuze ibimenyetso atsindwa, ahubwo itanga ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi isaba gukurirwaho amafaranga angana na

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14.751.902 Frw yaciwe nk’inyungu z’umwenda ungana na 48.000.000 Frw HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd yahawe na COGEBANQUE Plc ndetse n’amafaranga 3.687.975 Frw y’inyungu zikomoka kuri 12.000.000 Frw HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd yishatseho ikuzuza ayavuzwe haruguru yahaweho inguzanyo na COGEBANQUE Plc kugira ngo ibashe kuzuza 60.000.000 Frw yegukaniyeho umutungo mu cyamunara. Amafaranga yose hamwe BK Plc isaba ko avanwa muyo yategetswe gusubizwa akaba ari 18.439.877 Frw. BK Plc isaba kandi ko HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd ngo yazanye izi manza z’amaherere Urukiko rwayitegeka kuyishyura indishyi zingana na 3.600.000 Frw yagenewe SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI kandi atari we wari wayigobokesheje ahubwo ari HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd yayizanye mu rubanza, ndetse n’igihembo cya Avoka kingana na 2.000.000 Frw. [14] EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc yahoze ari COGEBANQUE Plc yo muri ubu bujurire ivuga ko BK Plc ari yo igomba kwirengera ingaruka zose zikomoka kuri cyamunara yakozwe nyuma igaseswa, ikanasaba gusubizwa n’uzatsindwa uru rubanza amafaranga yishyuye Avoka kuri uru rwego rw’ubujurire angana na 1.000.000 Frw. [15] SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI avuga ko ku mpamvu z’ubujurire ntakimureba, ko icyo we asaba ari uko ingwate yandukurwa mu bitabo by’ingwate, agahabwa n’uzatsindwa indishyi zo gushorwa mu manza zingana na 500.000 Frw n’igihembo cya Avoka kingana na 1.000. 000 Frw kuri uru rwego, agasobanura ko azisaba ashingiye ku kuba atarahwemye kugaragariza BK Plc na HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd ko uwo mutungo we ugomba kumugarukira kuko watejwe cyamunara nyuma igateshwa agaciro. [16] Hashingiwe ku mpaka zimaze kuvugwa haruguru zigaragara mu rubanza kuri uru rwego, Urukiko rurasesengura ibibazo bizigize bikurikira : a) Gusuzuma niba Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwarirengagije ibimenyetso bigaragaza aho umwenda COGEBANQUE Plc yahaye HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd wari ugeze no kwemeza uburyo amafaranga agomba gusubizwa na BK Plc agabanwa hagati ya EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc yahoze ari COGEBANQUE Plc na HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd ; b) Kumenya niba HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd yaragombaga guhabwa inyungu z’igihe kizaza « manque à gagner » (indishyi mbonezamusaruro) c) Gusuzuma ibisabwa na BK Plc mu bujurire bwayo bwuririye ku bundi ; d) Gusuzuma ibijyanye n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka asabwa n’ababuranyi.

II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA Gusuzuma niba Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwarirengagije ibimenyetso bigaragaza aho umwenda EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc yahoze ari COGEBANQUE Plc yahaye HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd wari ugeze no kwemeza uburyo amafaranga agomba gusubizwa na BK Plc agabanwa hagati ya EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc na HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd

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[17] Me Twiringiyemungu Joseph uhagarariye HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd avuga ko ku munsi urubanza rwaburanishirijweho inyandiko ya situation y’umwenda yatanzwe na COGEBANQUE Plc yagaragazaga ko inyungu HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd yari imaze kwishyura COGEBANQUE Plc ku nguzanyo yayihaye ya 48.000.000 Frw zari zimaze kugera kuri 18.719.500 Frw, bityo ko iyo rwita kuri icyo kimenyetso Urukiko rwari kwemeza ko HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd ari yo isubizwa na BK Plc izo nyungu, kuko COGEBANQUE Plc yo yararangije kuzishyurwa na HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd ikaba itaragombaga kongera kuzihabwa bwa kabiri. [18] Akomeza avuga ko HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd yagaragarije Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ko ku mwenda remezo wa 48.000.000 Frw yahawe na COGEBANQUE Plc yari imaze kwishyurwaho igice kinini kingana na 25.671.426 Frw, ayo yari isigaje kwishyura kuri uwo mwenda remezo akaba yari 22.328.574 Frw, kandi ko n’ubu HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd yakomeje kwishyura uwo mwenda kuko nta rubanza ruragira agaciro ndakuka ko guhagarika iyubahirizwa ry’amasezerano y’inguzanyo yagiranye na COGEBANQUE Plc. Asobanura kandi ko HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd yasabye guhabwa amafaranga yishyuye ku nguzanyo yahawe na COGEBANQUE Plc ndetse n’inyungu yayiciweho ikaba yaramaze kuzishyura, noneho COGEBANQUE Plc yo igahabwa asigaye atarishyurwa kuri iyo nguzanyo, bityo buri ruhande hagati ya COGEBANQUE Plc na HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd rukabona ayarwo ntawe ubihombeyemo, noneho izo mpande zombi nazo zikarangizanya neza amasezerano y’inguzanyo zagiranye aseshwe muri ubwo buryo. [19] Akomeza avuga ko mu guca urubanza, Urukiko rwavuze ko HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd hari amafaranga yamaze kwishyura COGEBANQUE Plc ariko ntigaragaze ibimenyetso bigizwe na historique bancaire cyangwa ikindi kimenyetso cy’aho yishyuriye nka bordereau de versement cyangwa sheki, kuko ari byo bidashidikanywaho, aho kugaragaza ikimenyetso cy’inyandiko ya note de plaidoirie yakozwe na Me Twilingiyemungu Joseph ndetse n’inyandiko yakozwe n’abakozi ba COGEBANQUE Plc yiswe information à votre lettre ref:885/hrz exp Ltd/2023, bifatwa nk’inyandiko bwite itagomba gutsindisha urundi ruhande (reba agace ka 35 k’inyandiko y’urubanza). Me Twilingiyemungu Joseph uhagarariye HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd akomeza avuga ko Urukiko rwibeshye kubera ko inyandiko igaragaza ingano y’aho umwenda wari ugeze ku munsi w’iburanisha ry’urubanza, ari na yo umucamanza yise “inyandiko bwite”, yatanzwe na COGEBANQUE Plc ubwayo, ikaba igaragaza entête y’iyo banki, ikaba ifite nomero ya banki igaragaza ko ari yo yayitanze, ikaba yarasinyweho n’abakozi ba banki babifitiye ububasha, ndetse ikaba iriho na kashe ya banki, ko mu gihe banki yemeraga ko ari inyandiko yayo, ndetse n’uwayiburaniraga akaba yaremezaga ko ari iyayo, ngo ntaho umucamanza yari guhera ayitesha agaciro, mu gihe nyir’ukwishyurwa amafaranga y’umwenda we ubwe agaragaza ayo amaze kwishyurwa n’asigaye. [20] Uhagarariye HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd akomeza asobanura ko Note de plaidoirie yakozwe n’uwari uhagarariye HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd urubanza ruburanishwa, itatanzwe nk’ikimenyetso kuko n’ubundi notes de plaidoiries zitafatwa nk’ibimenyetso, ko ahubwo ari ibisobanuro byatanzwe bishingiye ku nyandiko yatanzwe na COGEBANQUE Plc igaragaza uko amafaranga yasabwaga kwishyurwa yagabanwa, bityo ko kuba umucamanza yarayifashe nk’ikimenyetso yise inyandiko bwite ari ukwirengagiza icyo notes de plaidoiries ari cyo. [21] Asobanura ko ikindi kitari cyo mu icibwa ry’urubanza mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ari uko rwemeje ko BK Plc ari yo igomba gusubiza amafaranga yatanzwe nk’inguzanyo ndetse n’inyungu y’aho zari zigeze ku munsi w’iburanisha, hanyuma HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd yajuririra Urukiko

## Page 8

Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, rukaza kuvuga ko ubujurire bwayo nta shingiro bufite, ngo ibyo bisobanura ko rwemeranywa n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ku kuba BK igomba kuryozwa amafaranga y’inguzanyo n’inyungu zayo, ko icyari guhinduka ku rwego rw’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, ari uburyo ayo mafaranga yagabanwa hagati ya COGEBANQUE Plc na HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd, n’ingano yayo kuko HORIZON EXPRESS itigeze ihagarika kwishyura hashingiwe ku masezerano y’inguzanyo ifitanye na COGEBANQUE Plc, kandi ko ingano yemejwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi yari ishingiye kuri situation yatanzwe na COGEBANQUE ku munsi w’iburanisha muri urwo rukiko, ko kandi icyo HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd itemeraga ari uburyo yagabanwa. Akavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwari kureba ingano y’aho umwenda wari ugeze, rukemeza amafaranga amaze kwishyurwa n’asigaye. [22] Avuga kandi ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwaje gusanga position rwafashe atari yo, ruza kuvuga ko “Rusanga ariko niba koko hari amafaranga [HORIZON] yishyuye, yazegera banki bakabarana noneho igahabwa ikinyuranyo cyagaragazwa, ngo cyangwa HORIZON ikumvikana na banki igatanga indi ngwate amasezerano y’inguzanyo bagiranye agakomeza”, nk’uko bigaragara mu gace ka 37 k’inyandiko y’urubanza rujuririrwa. Akavuga ko Urukiko rutari kubivuga gutyo, ahubwo ko rwasabwaga kubyemeza kuko mu guca urubanza Urukiko rutakabaye ruvuga ngo impande zombi zizumvikane kandi rwararegewe kugira ngo rwemeze icyo buri ruhande rukwiye guhabwa. Bityo ko asaba uru Rukiko rwajuririwe kwemeza ko amafaranga y’inguzanyo yahawe HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd n’inyungu zayo byacibwa BK Plc nk’uko byari byagenze mu Rukiko rwaciye urubanza ku rwego rwa mbere, rukemeza ko ku munsi w’isomwa ry’urubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi BK Plc yagombaga gutegekwa kwishyura 82.407.475 Frw, agizwe na 60.078.901 Frw yagombaga guhabwa HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd na 22.328.574 Frw yagombaga guhabwa COGEBANQUE Plc, ko kandi iyi mibare ituruka ku nyandiko yatanzwe na COGEBANQUE Plc mu gihe yerekanaga situation y’aho umwenda ugeze. Asoza avuga ko ku munsi w’iburanisha, hazagaragazwa ingano nshya y’umwenda remezo n’inyungu HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd izaba imaze kwishyura kugira ngo icyemezo cy’Urukiko kizashingire kuri situation izaba ihari uwo munsi bitewe n’uko amasezerano hagati ya COGEBANQUE na HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd n’ubu agikomeza gushyirwa mu bikorwa hishyurwa inguzanyo yatanzwe n’iyo banki. [23] Me Mbarubukeye Samuel uhagarariye Bank of Kigali Plc mu kwiregura kuri iyi mpamvu y’ubujurire avuga ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd muri uru Rukiko butahabwa ishingiro hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 3 y’Itegeko No 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 rigenga ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo aho iteganya ko: “Buri muburanyi agomba kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’ibyo aburana”, hashingiwe kandi ku ngingo ya 12 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 rigenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, uko ryavuguruwe kugeza ubu, aho itegenya ko: “Urega agomba kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’ibyo aregera. Iyo abibuze uwarezwe aratsinda”. [24] Asobanura ko asanga kuba Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi mu cyemezo cyarwo mu rubanza RCOMA 00370/2022/HCC rwaremeje ko ubujurire bwa HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd nta shingiro bufite ari uko rwashishoje rugasanga ikimenyetso cyatanzwe muri ubwo bujurire nta shingiro gifite. Bityo ko icyifuzo cya HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd cy’uko amafaranga y’inguzanyo yahawe n’inyungu zayo byacibwa BK Plc nta shingiro byahabwa kuko nta kosa BK Plc yakoze ndetse ngo nta n’ubwo yigeze itegeka HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd gufata uwo mwenda.

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[25] COGEBANQUE Plc, mu kwiregura kuri iyi mpamvu y’ubujurire bwa HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd ivuga ko nk’uko byemejwe mu manza zabanje, BK Plc ari yo igomba kwirengera ingaruka z’uko cyamunara ku mutungo waguzwe na Horizon Express Ltd ku nguzanyo yahawe na COGEBANQUE (Equity Bank Rwanda Plc) yateshejwe agaciro, cyane cyane ko ngo n’ikiguzi cyavuye muri iyo cyamunara cyahawe BK Plc, naho ngo Equity Bank Rwanda Plc (COGEBANQUE) ikaba ikwiye guhabwa amafaranga isigaje kwishyurwa ku nguzanyo yari yarahaye HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd. [26] Me Uwanyirigira Delphine uhagarariye SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI avuga ko ntacyo avuga kuri iyi mpamvu y’ubujurire ko icyo asaba ari uko ingwate yandukurwa mu bitabo by’ingwate kuko ari umutungo we BK Plc yagurishije mu buryo bw'amaherere bikaba byaratumye cyamunara wagurishijwemo yarateshejwe agaciro n’urubanza rwamaze kuba ndakuka. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA: [27] Ingingo ya 12 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ibikurikira : “Urega agomba kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’ibyo aregera. Iyo abibuze, uwarezwe aratsinda. Naho uvuga ko atagitegetswe gukora icyo yategekwaga gukora cyagaragajwe n’ibimenyetso agomba kugaragaza impamvu zakimukuyeho. Iyo abiburiye ibimenyetso, uwo baburana aramutsinda”. [28] Inyandiko ya COGEBANQUE Plc yiswe information à votre lettre ref :885/hrz exp Ltd/2023A, yerekana ko amafaranga yari asigaye kwishyurwa ku mwenda remezo iyo banki yahaye HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd ari 22.328.574 Frw. Mu ica ry’urubanza, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwategetse ko BK Plc yishyura COGEBANQUE Plc 62.751.902 Frw akubiyemo 48.000.000 Frw y’inguzanyo yahaye HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd kugira ngo igure muri cyamunara umutungo uri kuri UPI : 2/04/09/01/940 na 14.751.902 Frw y’inyungu. [29] Uru Rukiko rurasanga kuba mu guca urubanza rwajuririwe Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwaranzuye ruvuga ko niba koko hari amafaranga HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd yishyuye, yazegera COGEBANQUE Plc bakabarana noneho igahabwa ikinyuranyo cyagaragazwa, ari ukwirengagiza ikimenyetso kimaze kuvugwa haruguru kigaragaza neza ingano y’aho umwenda wari ugeze ku buryo byari byoroshye kubona amafaranga yamaze kwishyurwa na HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd ikaba yaragombaga kuyasubizwa ndetse n’umwenda wari usigaye wagombaga kwishyurwa COGEBANQUE Plc. [30] Nk’uko muri uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, uburanira HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd n’uburanira EQUITY BANK bemeza ko amasezerano bafitanye y’inguzanyo yakomeje kubahirizwa hatangwa ubwishyu bugenda bugabanya ingano y’umwenda, hashingiwe ku kimenyetso kiri ku mugereka wa 11 muri iyi dosiye, kigaragaza aho umwenda wari ugeze wishyurwa ku wa 20/06/2024, iyo nyandiko EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc yatanze igaragaza ko yahaye HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd umwenda ungana na 48.000.000 Frw, kugeza ku wa 20/06/2024 ikaba yari imaze kuwishyuraho inyungu na commissions bingana na 20.512.125 Frw naho igice cy’umwenda remezo cyari kimaze kwishyurwa kikangana na 30.157.549 Frw, ku buryo kugeza kuri iyo tariki umwenda remezo wari usigaye utarishyurwa EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc ungana na 17.842.451 Frw.

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[31] Uru Rukiko rurasanga amafaranga akomoka kuri uyu mwenda BK Plc igomba gusubiza kuko ari yo yakiriye ubwishyu bwa cyamunara yo ku wa 12/03/2020 nyuma igateshwa agaciro, ari 68.512.125 Frw agizwe na 50.669.674 Frw (ni ukuvuga 30.157.549 Frw y’umwenda remezo na 20.512.125 Frw y’inyungu na commissions) HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd yamaze kwishyura EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc, hakiyongeraho 15.687.975 Frw agomba gusubizwa HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd agizwe na 12.000.000 Frw yatanze ku giti cyayo kugira ngo huzure ubwishyu mu cyamunara cy’umutungo uburanwa hamwe na 3.687.975 Frw y’inyungu ziyakomokaho nk’uko yabazwe ku rwego rwa mbere n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi kandi agakomeza kwemezwa mu bujurire n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi. Ibi bikaba bivuze ko nk’ingaruka zo kuba cyamunara yarateshejwe agaciro, BK Plc igomba gutegekwa gusubiza HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd 66.357.649 Frw (ni ukuvuga 50.669.674 Frw + 15.687.975 Frw) no kwishyura EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc yahoze ari COGEBANQUE Plc 17.842.451 Frw yagaragaje ko ari yo yari isigaje kwishyurwa na HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd ku mwenda yayihaye wa 48.000.000 Frw, hashingiwe ku mibare yavuzwe haruguru yakozwe na EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc kugeza ku wa 20/06/2024 igatangwaho ikimenyetso muri uru rubanza na HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd kandi ntihagire undi muburanyi uyihakana ngo anatange ikimenyetso kiyivuguruza.

Kumenya niba HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd yaragombaga guhabwa inyungu z’igihe kizaza «manque à gagner» (indishyi mbonezamusaruro) [32] Me Twilingiyemungu Joseph, uhagarariye HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd, avuga ko mu gace ka 9 k’inyandiko y’urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, rwagize ruti : «Urukiko rusanze ku bijyanye n’ikirego cy’Inyungu HORIZON ivuga ko yavukijwe (manque à gagner: forfait) zihwanye na 50.000.000 Frw, Urukiko rusanze mu iburanisha byaragaragaye ko HORIZON ikimara kwegukana umutungo uvugwa yawumaranye igihe iwukoreramo, bityo muri icyo gihe ikaba yarawubyaje umusaruro kandi yagenewe inyungu mbonezamusaruro za 3.687.975 Frw kuri 12.000.000 Frw yahaye BK Plc, bityo rero nta zindi nyungu ikwiye guhabwa cyane ko itanasobanura aho zishingiye». Asobanura ko ubwo butaka HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd yabuguze kugira ngo ibugire ubwayo burundu, izashobore kububyaza umusaruro mu gihe kiri imbere, ko itabwamburwa ngo Urukiko ruvuge ko nta cyo ihombye, ko ngo manque à gagner ari inyungu z’igihe kiri imbere ziba zivukijwe uwateganyaga kuzibona, ko atari inyungu z’ako kanya ngo uretse ko nta n’izo HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd yaba yarabonye mu kibanza kitubatse ngo kuko yateganyaga kuzacyubaka ikabyaza inyungu inyubako yari kuba yubatse ; [33] Akomeza avuga ko mu rubanza rujuririrwa yari yagaragaje ko kuba Urukiko rwaratanze inyungu mbonezamusaruro ku mafaranga HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd yishyuye hagurwa ikibanza ntaho bihuriye na manque à gagner, ngo kuko yo ari amafaranga yatanzwe by’ukuri, ko n’ubundi iyo itayatanga igura icyo kibanza yari kuba yarayabyaje umusaruro mu bundi buryo, ngo akaba yari yasabye Urukiko rwajuririwe gutanga manque à gagner ingana na 50.000.000 Frw. Ko ngo Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwo rwavuze ko « indishyi isaba itazihabwa kuko usibye no kuba itagaragaza uwo izisaba mu bujurire hagati ya COGEBANQUE na BK Plc, ariko nanone ntibasha kugaragaza uburyo izi nyungu za 50.000.000 Frw ivuga ko yavukijwe yagombaga kuzibonamo, ngo bityo ko rutagombaga kugenekereza kuko rutazi icyo yagombaga gukorera kuri ubwo butaka” (agace ka 43 k’inyandiko y’urubanza).

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[34] Me Twilingiyemungu Joseph avuga ko ibijyanye n’uwasabwaga izo ndishyi, ko ngo Urukiko rwirengagije ibisabwa byose bisabwa nyirabayazana w’ikibazo ari we Bank of Kigali, kandi ko ngo rutari ruyobewe ko ibyatanzwe ku rwego rwa mbere byose byaciwe Bank of Kigali, ndetse ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwashimangiye ibyemejwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi. [35] Avuga ko ku bijyanye no kuvuga ko batagaragaje uburyo inyungu HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd yari kuzibonamo kuko ngo rutazi icyo yagombaga gukorera kuri ubwo butaka, ngo basobanuye ko manque à gagner itagira buri gihe “une précision mathématique” kuko ngo buri gihe ntabwo ibarika mu buryo budashidikanywaho; ko ngo iyo umuburanyi agaragaje icyo yumva avukijwe ntacyemeranyeho n’Urukiko, rushobora kukigena mu buryo bwarwo, cyangwa rukaba rwashyiraho umuhanga, ngo ariko kubyanga gusa ni ukudatanga ubutabera. Akomeza asobanura ko aho hantu hari haguzwe muri cyamunara ari ikibanza cy’ubucuruzi, ngo kuvuga ko batagaragaje icyo yari kuzagikoresha ni ugushaka kwimana nkana ibyo yasabaga kuko ikibanza icyo ari cyo cyose kiba kigamije kuzabyazwa umusaruro nk’uko amategeko agenga ubutaka mu Rwanda abiteganya. Bityo agasaba ko uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire ruzagenera HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd manque à gagner ingana na 50.000.000 Frw nk’uko yazisabye mu nkiko zibanza. [36] Me Mbarubukeye Samuel uhagarariye BK Plc yiregura kuri iyi mpamvu y’ubujurire avuga ko hashingiwe ku ngingo z’amategeko, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwasanze “manque à gagner” HORIZON EXPRESS yasabye itagombaga kuzihabwa kuko nta bimenyetso yazigaragarije hashingiwe ku bisobanuro Urukiko rwatanze mu rubanza RCOMA 00370/2022/HCC cyane ko ntacyo yagaragaje ishingiraho izisaba, kandi yirengagije ko kuva yagura uwo mutungo muri cyamunara yakomeje kuwubyaza umusaruro, ari na ho Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ngo rwahereye rwemeza ko HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd ihamana indishyi mbonezamusaruro zingana na 3.687.975 Frw zatanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi. Ko kuba BK Plc yarateje uwo mutungo cyamunara mu rwego rwo gushaka ubwishyu bwayo bwari bufitwe na JAMILA SELEIMANA HILARI na NASSER SALIM SULTAN JAMILA, ari uko yo yafatiriye uwo mutungo izi neza ko ari umutungo bwite wa JAMILA ikaba itazi ukuntu waje kuba uwa SAMILA. Ku bw’izo mpamvu zose Bank of Kigali Plc ikaba ivuga ko itaryozwa ingaruka zituruka k’uwaguze uwo mutungo, yo ngo ikaba isanga itaryozwa “manque à gagner” HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd isaba kuko byaba ari ugushaka kwikungahaza. Asaba ko hakwemezwa ko iyi mpamvu y’ubujurire nta shingiro ifite. [37] Uhagarariye COGEBANQUE Plc avuga ko kuri iyi ngingo irebana na “manque à gagner” itarahawe HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd, ntacyo iyirebaho kuko atari yo isabwa kuyitanga. [38] Uhagarariye SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI na we avuga ko iyi ngingo irebana na manque à gagner ntacyo ayisobanuraho kuko itamureba. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA: [39] Impaka zishingiye ku nyungu (indishyi mbonezamusaruro) HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd ivuga ko yari yiteze kuzavana mu kibanza yaguze muri cyamunara ariko iyo cyamunara ikaza guseswa, bikayitera igihombo cyo kuvutswa izo nyungu kuko itabashije kubyaza umusaruro icyo kibanza.

## Page 12

[40] Ibijyanye n’indishyi z’igihombo, byatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza RS/INJUST/RAD 00002/2022/SC rwaciwe ku wa 17/02/2023 haburana MHAYIMANA Isaïe n’Urugaga rw’Abavoka. Muri urwo rubanza Me Mhayimana Isaïe yaburanaga asaba ko ahabwa n’indishyi z’igihombo yabaze mu buryo bugenekereje, Urwo Rukiko rusanga zitatangwa kuko “igihombo kitabarwa mu buryo bugenekereje, ahubwo kiba kigomba gutangirwa ibimenyetso”, bikaba nta byatanzwe, bityo rwemeza ko nta shingiro zifite. [41] Imikirize y’urubanza rujuririrwa igaragaza ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rutahaye HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd indishyi mbonezamusaruro isaba zingana na 50.000.000 Frw yabaze gutyo mu buryo bugenekereje (forfait) kuko itagaragaje uko zabazwe n’umushinga yateganyirizaga umutungo yari yaraguze muri cyamunara yaseshwe nyuma. [42] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiye ku murongo umaze kuvugwa haruguru, rurasanga igihombo kitabarwa mu buryo bugenekereje, ahubwo kigomba gutangirwa ibimenyetso kugira ngo hishyurwe indishyi zagikomokaho. Rurasanga indishyi z’igihombo HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd isaba izishingira gusa ku myumvire rusange y’uko uguze ikintu wese aba agamije kugira inyungu kizamubyarira, nyamara hakaba nta bimenyetso itanga bigaragaza ku buryo butagibwaho impaka inyungu zihariye yo yavukijwe ku mutungo yari yaguze mu cyamunara, bityo indishyi isaba zikaba nta shingiro zifite. Kubw’ibyo, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rukaba nta kosa rwakoze mu kwemeza ko indishyi mbonezamusaruro (manque à gagner) HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd isaba nta shingiro zifite ; bityo ubujurire bwa HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd kuri iyi ngingo bukaba nabwo nta shingiro bufite. Gusuzuma ishingiro ry’ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bwatanzwe na Bank of Kigali Plc [43] Me Mbarubukeye Samuel, uhagarariye BK Plc, avuga ko ashingira ku ngingo ya 152 y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, nk’uko ryavuguruwe kugeza ubu1, ngo nk’uko yakomeje kubisobanura ntaho BK Plc ihuriye n’umwenda HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd yafashe ijya kugura umutungo mu cyamunara, ko kandi uwo mutungo ngo wanaguzwe mu buryo no mu nzira bikurikije amategeko kuko na HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd yabashije gukorerwa ihererekanya mutungo. Akavuga ko kuba nyuma haraje undi muntu uvuga ko ari nyir’umutungo, ngo nyuma kubera wenda inyungu BK Plc itabashije kumenya ndetse n’Urukiko rukabishingiraho rutesha agaciro cyamunara BK Plc itari kuryozwa amakosa itagizemo uruhare maze ngo icibwe indishyi z’amaherere. [44] BK Plc irasaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ko rwayikuriraho amafaranga angana na 14.751.902 Frw y’inyungu z’umwenda wahawe HARIZON ungana na 48.000.000 Frw ndetse n’amafaranga 3.687.975 Frw y’inyungu za 12.000.000 Frw bavuga ko bishatsemo, yose hamwe akaba 18.439.877 Frw, kuko isanga itaragombaga kuyacibwa. [45] Uburanira BK Plc avuga kandi ko kuba HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd ari yo yayizanye muri izi manza z’amaherere bituma ari yo yategekwa kuyishyura indishyi zingana na 3.600.000 Frw

1 Iyo ngingo ya 152 iteganya ibi bikurikira : “Uregwa mu Rukiko rujuririrwa ashobora na we kugira ibyo asaba yiregura”.

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yahawe SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI kandi atari we wari wagobokesheje BK Plc, ndetse n’igihembo cya Avoka cya 2.000.000 Frw. [46] Me Twiringiyemungu Joseph, uhagarariye HORIZON EXPRESS, kuri ubu bujurire bwuririye ku bundi bwa BK Plc, avuga ko nta shingiro bufite ahubwo ko bugaragaramo ko nibura BK Plc yemera gusubiza ingano y’ikiguzi cy’ubutaka kingana na 60.000.000 Frw, nk’uko yanabyanditse mu ibaruwa yayo yo ku wa 15/09/2021 isubiza iya HORIZON EXPRESS yari yayandikiye iyibwira amafaranga yasubizwa angana na 121.390.232 Frw, ndetse hanasabwagamo na 50.000.000 Frw za manque à gagner hanyuma BK Plc yo yemera ko yasubiza gusa ayo 60.000.000 Frw. [47] Abandi baburanyi basigaye ntacyo bavuze kuri ubu bujurire bwuririye ku bundi. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA: [48] Urukiko rurasanga ibyo Bank of Kigali Plc isaba gukurirwaho gusubiza n’inyungu Equity Bank Rwanda Plc yaciye HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd ku nguzanyo yayihaye ingana na 48.000.000 Frw ndetse n’inyungu kuri 12.000.000 Frw HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd yishatseho kugira ngo yegukane mu cyamunara umutungo uvugwa muri uru rubanza nta shingiro byahabwa kuko izo nyungu zabariwe kuri 60.000.000 Frw yemera gusubiza kandi ikaba idahakana ko zibariwe kuri ayo mafaranga yemera, uretse gusa kuvuga ko ngo ntaho ihuriye n’itangwa ry’inguzanyo COGEBANQUE Plc yahaye HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd. Kuba BK Plc yemera gusubiza 60.000.000 Frw ni ikimenyetso gihagije kugira ngo iyasubizanye n’inyungu zaciwe uwari warayatanze kugira ngo abashe kwegukana umutungo muri cyamunara BK Plc yayahawemo, hakurikijwe ihame mu mategeko rigira riti : “L’accessoir suit le principal”. Bityo ubu bujurire bwa BK Plc bwuririye ku bundi bukaba nta shingiro bufite.

Gusuzuma ishingiro ry’amafaranga y’ibigenda ku rubanza asabwa n’ababuranyi [49] HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd ihagarariwe na Me Twiringiyemungu Joseph ivuga ko byabaye ngombwa ko yiyambaza Avoka uyifasha muri iki kirego, bityo ko Bank of Kigali yazategekwa kuyiha igihembo cya Avoka kingana na 1.500.000 Frw ndetse na 500.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza. [50] Equity Bank Rwanda Plc irasaba gusubizwa n’uzatsindwa uru rubanza amafaranga yishyuye Avoka yiyambaje ngo ayiburanire kuri uru rwego rw’ubujurire, angana na 1.000.000 Frw. [51] SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI avuga ko kubera gukomeza gushorwa mu manza akomeza kubuzwa amahirwe yo kwiyandikishaho umutungo we ibyo abisabira indishyi z’ibihumbi magana atanu (500.000 Frw) n'igihembo cy'Avoka cya miliyoni imwe (1.000.000 Frw) kuri uru rwego. [52] Me Mbarubukeye Samuel uhagarariye BK Plc avuga ko indishyi zose BK Plc isabwa nta shingiro zahabwa kuko ntaho ihurira n’igihombo abazisaba bagira.

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UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA: [53] Ibyerekeranye n’amafaranga umuburanyi yakoresheje ku rubanza, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza RS/INJUST/RC 00005/2021/SC rwaciwe kuwa 21 Mutarama 2022 Radiant Insurance Company Ltd na Dusabimana, rwasanze uyasaba agomba kuyahabwa kubera ko atsinze urubanza kandi bikaba bigaragara ko byabaye ngombwa kurukurikirana no gushaka Avoka umuburanira; cyakora ko iyo ayo asaba ari menshi kandi atagaragaza uburyo ariyo yagiye kuri uru rubanza atangwa mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko2. Runasanga ntaho rwahera rutegeka utsinze urubanza gutanga amafaranga y’igihembo cy’Avoka n’ay’ikurikiranarubanza3. [54] Ku rwego rubanza mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, Urukiko rwari rwategetse BK Plc kwishyura SAMIRA SAIF 3.000.000 Frw y’indishyi z’akababaro na 600.000 Frw y’igihembo cya avoka n’ikurikiranarubanza yose hamwe akaba 3.600.000 Frw, ikishyura COGEBANQUE Plc 600.000 Frw y’igihembo cya avoka n’ikurikiranarubanza, ikanishyura HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd 600.000 Frw y’igihembo cya avoka n’ikurikiranarubanza kandi mu bujurire mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi Urukiko rwagumishijeho icyo cyemezo. No muri ubu bujurire bwa kabiri ntacyo uru Rukiko rwagihinduraho kuko BK Plc ari yo ikomeje gutsindwa urubanza. [55] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiye ku murongo wafashwe wibukijwe haruguru, rurasanga amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka asabwa n’ababuranyi HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd, Equity Bank Rwanda Plc na SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI afite ishingiro kuko n’ingingo baburanishije zahawe ishingiro nk’uko byamaze gusobanurwa haruguru, kandi bakayahabwa na BK Plc kuko ari yo itsinzwe urubanza nk’uko nabyo byasobanuwe haruguru. Rurasanga ariko mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko ayo bagomba guhabwa agenwe mu buryo bukurikira: HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd igomba kwishyurwa amafaranga miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana atanu (1.500.000 Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka ku nzego zose; SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI yishyurwe amafaranga miliyoni imwe (1.000.000 Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka yiyongera kuri miliyoni eshatu n’ibihumbi magana atandatu (3.600.000 Frw) y’indishyi z’akababaro, ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka yemejwe mu rubanza rwajuririwe, ku nzego zose; naho EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc yishyurwe amafaranga miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana atanu (1.500.000 Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka ku nzego zose. [56] Urukiko rurasanga kandi, ku bw’itegeko, Bank of Kigali (BK) Plc igomba kwishyura SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI amafaranga ibihumbi makumyabiri (20.000 Frw) na HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd amafaranga ibihumbi mirongo cyenda (90.000 Frw) batanzeho ingwate y’amagarama ku nzego zose z’urubanza aho bagiye barega.

III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [57] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe ; [58] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Bank of Kigali (BK) Plc bwuririye ku bundi nta shingiro bufite ;

2 Urubanza no.RS/INJUST/RC 00005/2021/SC rwaciwe kuwa 21 Mutarama 2022 n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, haburana Radiant Insurance Company Ltd na Dusabimana, igika cya 43. 3 Idem, igika cya 44.

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[59] Rutegetse ko umutungo uri mu kibanza UPI 2/04/09/01/940 ubaruwe kuri HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd ukurwaho ubugwate bwahawe EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc yahoze ari COGEBANQUE Plc, ukabarurwa kuri SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI wahoze awubaruweho mbere y’uko utezwa cyamunara ukegukanwa na HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd ; [60] Rutegetse Bank of Kigali (BK) Plc kwishyura HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd amafaranga miliyoni mirongo itandatu n’esheshatu n’ibihumbi magana atatu na mirongo itanu na birindwi na magana atandatu na mirongo ine n’icyenda (66.357.649 Frw) nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru ; [61] Rutegetse Bank of Kigali (BK) Plc kwishyura EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc yahoze ari COGEBANQUE Plc amafaranga miliyoni cumi na zirindwi n’ibihumbi magana inani na mirongo ine na bibiri na magana ane na mirongo itanu na rimwe (17.842.451 Frw) nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru ; [62] Rutegetse Bank of Kigali (BK) Plc kwishyura HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd amafaranga miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana atanu (1.500.000 Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka ku nzego zose ; [63] Rutegetse Bank of Kigali (BK) Plc kwishyura SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI amafaranga miliyoni imwe (1.000.000 Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka yiyongera kuri miliyoni eshatu n’ibihumbi magana atandatu (3.600.000 Frw) y’indishyi z’akababaro, ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka yemejwe mu rubanza rwajuririwe, ku nzego zose ; [64] Rutegetse Bank of Kigali (BK) Plc kwishyura EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc yahoze ari COGEBANQUE Plc amafaranga miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana atanu (1.500.000 Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka ku nzego zose ; [65] Rutegetse Bank of Kigali (BK) Plc kwishyura SAMIRA SAIF AMUR AL MARHOOBI amafaranga ibihumbi makumyabiri (20.000 Frw) na HORIZON EXPRESS Ltd amafaranga ibihumbi mirongo cyenda (90.000 Frw) batanzeho ingwate y’amagarama ku nzego zose ; [66] Ruvuze ko imikirize y’uru rubanza isimbuye imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe.