IZERE v MUKANTAGARA N’ABANDI

IZERE v MUKANTAGARA N’ABANDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2022-05-17 - Case/document no.: RC 00001/2022/HC/NYZ - Collection: High Court

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IZERE v MUKANTAGARA N’ABANDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU - RC 00001/2022/HC/NYZ (Nkundabatware, P.J.) 17 Gicurasi 2022] Amategeko y’imanza mbonezamubano – Irangizwa ry’imanza - Guhagarikisha irangizwa ry’urubanza - Urubanza rwasabiwe gutambamirwa rurangizwa kuko ruba rwarabaye itegeko, ariko irangizwa ryarwo rikaba ryahagarikwa n’Urukiko rwaregewe bitangiwe impamvu zumvikana n’usaba ko urubanza ruba ruhagaze kurangizwa, bivuze rero ko kuba urubanza rwarasabiwe gutambamirwa, ubwabyo bidahagije kugira ngo hemezwe ko irangizwa ryarwo rihagarara. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ikibazo cyatangiriye mu bunzi Mukantagara (Umwana wa Kankuyu) aregera kuzungura umutungo w’umubyeyi wabo witwa Gatanga Cahterine aho Inteko y’abunzi yemeje ko Nyakwigenedera yazungurwa mu buryo bungana n’abana be bane aribo Kankuyu, Bantegeye, Nyiramajyambre na Nyiranani. Nyiranani yaregeye uwo mwanzuro w’abunzi b’umurenge wa Rugarika mu Rukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Gacurabwenge avuga ko umurenganya kuko umwambura ubutaka yahawe n’umubyeyi we bukaba bunamwanditseho. Urukiko rwemeje ko nta gihindutse ku mwanzuro wafashwe n’abunzi b’umurenge wa Rugarika. Urega yasubirishijemo urwo rubanza ku mpamvu z’akarengane n’Urukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa Nyanza rwemeza ko kuba mu rubanza RC 00122/2019/TB/Gac harategetswe ko umwanzuro wafashwe n’inteko y’abunzi y’umurenge wa Rugarika, udahindutse ku byerekeye uburenganzira bwo kuba Mukantagara

yemerewe kuba yazungura Gatanga nk’abandi bana be ko atari inenge y`urubanza itera Nyiranani akarengane bityo rwemeza ko ikirego cye nta shingiro gifite, rutegeka ko nta gihindutse ku mikirize y’urubanza RC 00122/2019/TB/Gac rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Gacurabwenge. Uwitwa Izere yatambamiye imikirize y’urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa Nyanza asaba urukiko kwemeza ko imikirize yarwo yavanwaho kimwe n’iyo mu Rukiko rw’Ibanze urukiko rwakira icyo kirego ariko rubanza gusuzuma ikirego kihutirwa gisaba ko irangizarubanza N° RS/INJUST/RC 0003/2021/HC/NYZ na RC 00122/2019/TB/GAC ryaba rihagaze mu gihe urubanza RC 00006/2021/HC/NYZ rutaracibwa. Izere asaba ko irangizwa ry’urubanza yatambamiye ryaba rihagaze by’agateganyo kugeza igihe ikirego-remezo cy’itambama kizafatirwaho icyemezo. Ibyo abishingira ku kuba Nyiranani yari yaramugurishije igice cy’ubutaka kuri ubwo butaka agomba kugabana n’abavandimwe be. Mukantagara avuga ko gurutambamira urwo rubanza bidashoboka kuko urubanza rwaciwe ku mpamvu z’akarengane nta yindi nzira y’ubujurire ibaho. Nyiranani avuga ko Izere yaguze ubutaka muri iyo sambu ku buryo bukurikije amategeko, yumva ibyo asaba byahabwa ishingiro. Incamake y’icyemezo: Urubanza rwasabiwe gutambamirwa rurangizwa kuko ruba rwarabaye itegeko, ariko irangizwa ryarwo rikaba ryahagarikwa n’Urukiko rwaregewe bitangiwe impamvu zumvikana n’usaba ko urubanza ruba ruhagaze kurangizwa, bivuze rero ko kuba urubanza rwarasabiwe gutambamirwa, ubwabyo bidahagije kugira ngo hemezwe ko irangizwa ryarwo rihagarara bityo ikirego gisaba guhagarika by’agateganyo irangizwa ry’urubanza kikaba nta shingiro gifite kuko impamvu zatanzwe zidahagije kugira ngo irangizwa ry’urwo rubanza

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rihagarikwe, kubera ko nta mpungenge zihari z’uko ubwo butaka buzimurwa ngo naramuka atsinze urwo rubanza yatambamiye azabure uko abugaruza. Ikirego gisabaguhagarika irangizwa ry’urubanza RS/INJUST/RC.0003/2021/HC/NYZ na RC 00122/2019/TB/GAC nta shingiro gifite. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 165, 185. Nta manza zifashishijwe Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ikibazo cyatangiriye mu Bunzi b’Akagari ka Sheli, Mukantagara Bonifride aregera kuzungura umubyeyi we Gatanga Catherine, inteko yasanze iryo zungura asaba ritashoboka kuko nta muzungura wa Gatanga Gatarina uboneka, uwo mwanzuro awujurira mu nteko y’Abunzi y’umurenge wa Rugarika, nayo yemeza ko abana ba Gatanga Catherine uko ari 4, aribo: Kankuyo Dorothée, Bantegeye Pauline, Nyiramajyambre Stephanie na Nyiranani Cesarie, bagomba kuzungura umutungo w’ababyeyi babo uko ungana mu buryo bungana. Nyiranani Cesarie yawuregeye mu Rukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Gacurabwenge, asaba ko uwo mwanzuro w’Abunzi b’umurenge wa Rugalika wavanwaho kuko umurenganya ukaba umwambura ubutaka yasigiwe n’umubyeyi we ndetse ko bunamubaruyeho. Urukiko rwemeje ko umwanzuro w’abunzi b’umurenge udahindutse ko warangizwa uko waciwe, abana ba Gatanga bakamuzungura bose. [2] Nyiranani Cesarie yasubirishijemo urubanza

RC00122/2019/TB/GAC mu Rukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa Nyanza ku mpamvu z’akarengane, urubanza ruhabwa N° RS/INJUST/RC 00003/2020/HC/NYZ, rucibwa kuwa 23/07/2021, “rwemeje ko kuba mu rubanza RC 00122/2019/TB/Gac harategetswe ko umwanzuro wafashwe n’inteko y’abunzi y’umurenge wa Rugarika, udahindutse ku byerekeye uburenganzira bwo kuba Mukantagara Bonifride yemerewe kuba yazungura Gatanga Catherine nk’abandi bana be ko atari inenge y`urubanza itera Nyiranani Cesarie akarengane, ikirego cye muri uru rubanza kikaba rero nta shingiro gifite, rutegeka ko nta gihindutse ku mikirize y’urubanza RC 00122/2019/TB/Gac rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Gacurabwenge kuwa 25/09/2019, rukaba rugumyeho mu ngingo zarwo zose, rutegeka Nyiranani Cesarie kwishyura Mukantagara Bonifride indishyi zo kumushora mu manza zihwanye na 100.000Frw akanamwishyura igihembo cya avocat gihwanye na 300.000Frw”. [3] Urubanza rwasubirishijwemo ku mpamvu z’akarengane Izere Pio yatambamiye imikirize yarwo tariki ya 21/09/2021, ruhabwa N° RC 00006/2021/HC/NYZ, asaba urukiko kwemeza ko imikirize y’urubanza rwatambamiwe ivanwaho kimwe n’iyo mu Rukiko rw’Ibanze no kwemeza

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ko Mukantagara atagomba kuzungura binyuranyije n’ingingo ya 74 y’itegeko N°27/2016 ryo kuwa 08/07/2016 rigenga imicungire y’imitungo y’abashyingiranwe, impano n’izungura1. [4] Izere Pio yaregeye kandi Urukiko arusaba guhagarika by’agateganyo irangiza ry’urwo rubanza yatambamiye arirwo RS/INJUST/RC.0003/2021/HC/NYZ na RC.00122/2019/TB/GAC kugeza igihe ikirego-remezo cy’itambama kizafatirwaho icyemezo. Ibyo abishingira ku kuba Nyiranani Sezariya yari yaramugurishije agace k’ubutaka kari ubwo butaka agomba kugabana n’abavandimwe be. [5] Mukantagara Bonifride avuga ko urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Gacurabwenge Nyiranani Césarie aratsindwa, nyuma anyura mu nzira z’akarengane nabwo aratsindwa, ko hakurikijwe ingingo ya 53 al.4 y’itegeko rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, abona kurutambamira bidashoboka kuko urubanza rwaciwe ku mpamvu z’akarengane nta yindi nzira y’ubujurire ibaho. Asaba indishyi za 1.000.000Frw hakubiyemo igihembo cy’Avoka no gushorwa mu manza nta mpamvu. [6] Urubanza rwaburanishirijwe mu ruhame tariki ya 09/05/2022, Izere Pio aburanirwa na Me Mutembe Protais, Nyiranani Césarie aburanirwa n’umukobwa we Uwanyirigira Clarisse naho Mukantagara Bonifride atitabye ariko yaramenyeshejwe itariki mu buryo bukurikije amategeko, bisabwe n’urega ko urubanza rwaburanishwa adahari, rufata icyemezo cyo kuruburanisha adahari kuko atitabye urukiko nta nta mpamvu. [7] Ibibazo

bigiye gusuzumwa muri uru rubanza ni ukumenya niba irangizarubanza N° RS/INJUST/RC.0003/2021/HC/NYZ na RC 00122/2019/TB/GAC ryaba rihagaze mu gihe urubanza RC 00006/2021/HC/NYZ rutaracibwa, niba kandi hari indishyi zatangwa. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA A. Kumenya niba irangizarubanza N° RS/INJUST/RC.0003/2021/HC/NYZ na RC 00122/2019/TB/GAC ryaba rihagaze mu gihe urubanza RC 00006/2021/HC/NYZ rutaracibwa. [8] Me Mutembe Protais uburanira Izere Pio avuga ko irangizarubanza N° RS/INJUST/RC.0003/2021/HC/NYZ na RC 00122/2019/TB/GAC ryaba rihagaze mu gihe urubanza RC 00006/2021/HC/NYZ rutaracibwa, ko yaguze igice cy’ubutaka UPI 2/08/10/05/6609 buri mu kagari ka Sheli, Umudugudu wa Gatovu, none bukaba bugiye kurangirizwaho urubanza kuko urukiko rwemeje ko bugomba kugabanywa abantu 4. Akomeza avuga ko ibimenyetso ashingiraho ari amasezerano y’ubugure n’amasezerano y’ubukode burambye bw’ubutaka, akanashingira ku ngingo ya 185 n’iya 189 PCCSA. [9] Uwanyirigira Clarisse uburanira nyina Nyiranani Césarie avuga ko Izere Pio yaguze ubutaka muri iyo sambu ku buryo bukurikije amategeko, yumva ibyo asaba byahabwa ishingiro. 1 Uretse se na nyina, sekuru na nyirakuru b’uwapfuye, iyo abazungura b’uwapfuye bapfuye mbere ye, bahagararirwa mu izungura n’ababakomokaho. Ku bakomoka k’uwapfuye, iryo hagararirwa ntirigira aho rirangirira kandi igabana rikorwa hakurikijwe igisekuru.

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[10] Mukantagara Bonifride nubwo atitabye ngo aburane ariko mu mwanzuro we yashyikirije urukiko avuga ko urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Gacurabwenge Nyiranani Césarie aratsindwa, nyuma anyura mu nzira z’akarengane nabwo aratsindwa, ko hakurikijwe ingingo ya 53 al.4 y’itegeko rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, abona kurutambamira bidashoboka kuko urubanza rwaciwe ku mpamvu z’akarengane nta yindi nzira y’ubujurire bwaba ubusanzwe cyangwa ubudasanzwe zishobora gukorerwa. Uko urukiko rubibona [11] Ingingo ya 185 igika cya mbere y’itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, iteganya ko “Iyo hari ikirego cy’iremezo, ariko hagomba kugira icyemezwa by’agateganyo mu buryo bwihuta ku rubanza rwaregewe urukiko rutaraburanishwa, ikirego cyihutirwa gishyikirizwa umucamanza ushinzwe kurangiza impaka zihutirwa w’aho zigomba gukemurirwa hakurikijwe uburyo busanzwe bw’ihamagara . Ingingo ya 165 y’iryo tegeko igateganya ko ˮ “Ikirego cy’iremezo kigamije gutambamira urubanza gitangwa mu rukiko rwaciye urwo rubanza rusabirwa gusubirwamo. Gutambamira urubanza rwaciwe ntibihagarika irangiza ryarwo, keretse iyo rihagaritswe n’urukiko rwaregewe, bisabwe n’umuburanyi .ˮ [12] Urukiko rurasanga ingingo ya 165 yumvikanisha ko ihame ari uko urubanza rwasabiwe gutambamirwa rurangizwa kuko ruba rwarabaye itegeko,

ariko irangizwa ryarwo rikaba ryahagarikwa n’Urukiko rwaregewe bitangiwe impamvu zumvikana n’usaba ko urubanza ruba ruhagaze kurangizwa, bivuze rero ko kuba urubanza rwarasabiwe gutambamirwa, ubwabyo bidahagije kugira ngo hemezwe ko irangizwa ryarwo rihagarara. Impamvu Izere Pio ashingiraho asaba ko irangizwa ry’urubanza RS/INJUST/RC.0003/2021/HC/NYZ rihagarikwa, ni uko hari igice cy’ubutaka bufite UPI 2/08/10/05/6609 yaguze na Nyiranani Césarie, ubwo butaka bukaba bugiye kurangirizwaho urubanza, aho urukiko rwemeje ko abana ba Gatanga Catherine uko ari 4 bagomba kuzungura umutungo w’ababyeyi babo uko ungana mu buryo bungana. [13] Urukiko rurasanga impamvu Izere Pio atanga asaba ihagarikwa ry’irangizwa ry’urubanza ari ingaruka z’urubanza Nyiranani Césarie yatsinzwe kandi rwabaye itegeko rukaba rugomba kurangizwa. Izo mpamvu atanga zikaba zidahagije kugira ngo irangizwa ry’urwo rubanza rihagarikwe, kubera ko nta mpungenge zihari z’uko ubwo butaka buzimurwa ngo naramuka atsinze urwo rubanza yatambamiye azabure uko abugaruza. Ku birebana n’ubwihutire, nta kimenyetso atanga cyerekana ko hari imihango yo kuba bagabana ubwo butaka yatangiye uretse kubivuga gusa. Bityo rero nta mpamvu n’imwe igaragara yatuma irangizwa ry’urubanza n° RS/INJUST/RC.0003/2021/HC/NYZ na RC 00122/2019/TB/GAC rwaciwe burundu ku mpamvu z’akarengane rukaba rwarabaye itegeko rihagarikwa. B. Ibyerekeye indishyi zisabwa mu rubanza [14] Mukantagara Winifride arasaba indishyi za 1.000.000Frws hakubiyemo igihembo cy’Avoka no gushorwa mu manza nta mpamvu. [15] Urukiko rurasanga Mukantagara Bonifride n’umwunganizi we Me YAMURAGIYE Félicien nta n’umwe witabye urukiko ngo asobanure ishingiro ry’izo ndishyi zisabwa, bityo akaba atagomba kuzihabwa.

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III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [16] Rwemeje ko ikirego cya Izere Pio gisaba guhagarika irangizwa ry’urubanza RS/INJUST/RC.0003/2021/HC/NYZ na RC 00122/2019/TB/GAC nta shingiro gifite. [17] Rwemeje ko ikirego cy’indishyi cya Mukantagara Bonifride nta shingiro gifite.