KAMANZI v SONARWA NABANDI

KAMANZI v SONARWA NABANDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2023-05-05 - Case/document no.: RCA 00190/2021/HC/KIG - Collection: High Court

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KAMANZI v SONARWA GENERAL INSURANCE Ltd N’ABANDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU - RCA 00190/2021/HC/KIG (Hitimana, P.J.) 05 Gicurasi 2023] Amategeko y’imanza mbonezamubano – Uburyozwe bw’indishyi – Indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka - Indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka zitangwa n’umwishingizi w’ikinyabiziga kiri mu makossa. Amategeko y’imanza mbonezamubano – Indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka – Ingaruka yo kudashyira mu bikorwa ibyari byumvikanyweho bitwe n’umwishingizi - Umwishingizi wumvikanye n’uregera indishyi hanyuma akabirengaho akaregera Urukiko asaba ko adakwiye gutanga izo ndishyi, ntashobora gusaba ko mu icibwa ry’urubanza mu gihe Urukiko rwasanga akwiye kuryozwa izo ndishyi, hashingirwa kubyo yari yumvikanyeho n’uregera indishyi. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko rwisumbujye rwa Nyarugenge aho Ngayabaseka n’abandi baregaga SAONARWA GENERAL INSURANCE Ltd (SONARWA) basaba indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka yo mu muhanda yatumye Nyirandayambaje ahasiga ubuzima, ikaba yaratewe n'uburangare bw'umushoferi utararinganije umuhanda. SONARWA yagobokesheje Kamanzi nyiri kinyabiziga cyakoze impanuka ivuga ko yishingiye abantu 6 gusa hanyuma we akabirengaho agatwara abantu 23 bito indishyi isabwa zaryozwa Kamanzi. uyu we yireguye avuga ko atagomba gutanga indishyi ko zabazwa SONARWA akaba ariyo igomba kuzishyura kuko imodoka yakoze impanuka yari yarafashe ubwishingizi bwayo.

Urukiko rwisumbuye rwemeje ko indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka ziryozwa Kamanzi rumutegekwa kwishyura Ngayabaseka n’abana be indishyi zitandukanye. Kamanzi ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urwo rubanza ajurira mu Rukiko Rukuru avuga ko atagombaga kugobokeshwa muri urwo rubanza kandi ko atagombaga kuryozwa indishyi kandi ikinyabiziga cye cyari gifite ubwishingizi muri SONARWA. Urukiko Rukuru rwakiriye ubujurire busuzuma ikibazo cyo kumenya niba indishyi zaragombaga gucibwa nyiri kinyabiziga cyangwa se umwishingizi. Kamanzi avuga ko SONARWA ariyo igomba kwishyura indishyi hashingiwe kubivugwa mu ngingo ya 56, igika cya gatatu ya “Conditions Generales de la Police d’Assurance Automobile” ya Sonarwa, ivuga ko igomba gutanga indishyi zihwanye n’umubare w’abaishingiwe mu masezerano hanyuma ikagabanya abantu bari batwawe mu gihe cy’impanuka. Abaregera indishyi nabo basobanura ko SONARWA nkuko yishyuye abandi baregeye indishyi muri iyi mpanuka, nabo igomba kubishyura kuko itakwishyura bamwe ngo abandi ibareke. SONARWA yiregura ivuga ko bari bumvikanye n’abarega ku ndishyi bagomba guhabwa ariko nyuma iza kwisubiraho kubera ko habaye amakosa ya nyakwigendera ndetse n’umushoferi aho Nyakwigendera yemeye kujya mu mwanya w’imizigo n’umushoferi wamutwaye inyuma ahagenewe imizigo bityo ko indishyi zigomba gutangwa na Kamanzi nyiri kinyabiziga kuko yishingiye abantu 6 gusa we agatwara abantu 23. Urukiko rubibonye ukundi, SONARWA yakwishyura indishyizari zumvikanyweho cyangwa se ikishyura 50% andi 50% akishyurwa na Kamanzi.

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Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka zitangwa n’umwishingizi w’ikinyabiziga kiri mu makosa bityo SONARWA niyo igomba kuryozwa indishyi.

2. Umwishingizi wumvikanye n’uregera indishyi hanyuma akabirengaho akaregera Urukiko asaba ko adakwiye gutanga izo ndishyi, ntashobora gusaba ko mu icibwa ry’urubanza mu gihe Urukiko rwasanga akwiye kuryizwa izo ndishyi, hashingirwa kubyo yari yumvikanyeho n’uregera indishyi bityo hakwiye kubarwa indishyi ziteganywa n’itegeko kuko ubwumvikane bwavuyeho. Ubujurire bwatanzwe na Kamanzi bufite ishingiro; Imikirize y’urubanza RC 01166/2019/TGI/Nyge ihindutse ku byerekeye ukwiye kuryozwa indishyi; SONARWA General Insurance Ltd ko ni yo ikwiye kwishyura indishyi. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 02/2002 ryo kuwa 17/01/2002 rihindura itegeko-teka N°32/75 ryo kuwa 07 Kanama 1975 ryerekeye Ubwishingizi butegetswe kuburyozwe butewe n’ibigenzwa ku butaka bifite moteri, ingingo ya 2, 11; Itegeko N° 41/2001 ryo ku wa 19/09/2001 ryerekeye itangwa ry'indishyi ku bagize impanuka zitewe n'ibinyabiziga, ingingo ya 9; Iteka rya perezida Nº 31/01 ryo ku wa 25/08/2003 rishyiraho uburyo bwo kwishyura indishyi ku bubabare bw’umubiri buturutse ku mpanuka zitewe n’ibinyabiziga, ingingo ya 3, 22, 23; Itegeko Nº 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, ingingo ya 81. Nta manza zifashishijwe Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu rukiko rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge Ngayabaseka Paul n’abana be aribo Ineza Gladys Uhagarariwe na Sekuru Ngayabaseka Paul, Manishimwe

Simon, Niyomugabo Ephrem, Nsanzamahoro Albert, Nyiraguhirwa Valerie, Nyiramahirwe Marie Grace, Nyirampeta Janviere, Nyiranzeyimana Marthe, Uwimana Philomene na Uzayisenga Seraphine, barega Sonarwa General Insurance Ltd, basaba indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka yo mu muhanda yatumye Nyirandayambaje Consolée ahasiga ubuzima, ikaba yaratewe n'uburangare bw'umushoferi utararinganije umuhanda, bigatera impanuka kuko yari atwaye abantu benshi nk'uko bivugwa muri dossier ya police, muri urwo rubanza hagobokeshejwemo Kamanzi Wellars nyiri imodoka bisabwe na Sonarwa ivuga ko imodoka ye yakoze impanuka ariko ko yari ifite ubwishingizi bw’abantu batandatu (6) gusa nyamara ko we yari atwaye abantu makumyabiri na batatu (23), Sonarwa ikavuga ko indishyi isabwa zaryozwa Kamanzi Wellars, uyu we yireguye avuga ko atagomba gutanga indishyi ko zabazwa SONARWA G.I Company akaba ariyo igomba kuzishyura kuko imodoka yakoze impanuka yari yarafashe ubwishingizi bwayo;

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[2] Urukiko rwisumbuye rwaburanishije urwo rubanza rwemeza, ko indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka zaryozwa Kamanzi Wellars ategekwa kwishyura Ngayabaseka Paul n’abana be indishyi zikurikira: Indishyi mbangamirabukungu: 6,631.579Frw, Indishyi z’akababaro ku babyeyi bombi: 1.620.000Frw, -Indishyi ku bavandimwe 8: 4.320.000Frw, Indishyi z’akakabaro kuri INEZA Gradys uhagarariwe na Ngayabaseka Paul: 810.000Frw, rwemeza kandi rutegeka ko Kamanzi Wellars yishyura igihembo cya Avoka kingana na 500.000Frw; [3] Kamanzi Wellars akaba atarishimiye imikirize y’urwo rubanza arujuririra mu rukiko rukuru, avuga ko mu ica ry’urubanza rujuririrwa Urukiko rwisumbuye rwirengagije ibivugwa mu ngingo ya 136 y’itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo kuwa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ngo rugaragaze ubwiregure bwose bwa Kamanzi Wellars, agasaba ko urukiko rukuru rwasuzuma niba yaragombaga kugobokeshwa mu rubanza rujuririrwa, kuba niba yaragombaga gutegekwa kwishyura indishyi zinyuranye nyamara imodoka yari yishingiwe muri Sonarwa ari nayo ikwiye kuryozwa indishyi; [4] Me Mukashyaka Gerardine uburanira SONARWA General Insurance Ltd yiregura avuga ku mpamvu z’ubujurire za Kamanzi Wellars ko iyo modoka yakoze impanuka yari isanzwe yarafashe ubwishingizi bw’abantu 6 gusa (annex 1), impanuka ibaye hapfuyemo abantu 2 aribo Ngayabonshya na

Nyirandayambaje, abandi bose uko ari 21 barakomereka, ko ikigaragara aruko nyakwigendera Nyirandayambaje na Ngayabonshya bafite amakosa akomeye yo kuba baremeye kujya inyuma mu mwanya w’imizigo, andi makosa akaba afitwe na nyir’imodoka na chauffeur we watwaye abantu mu mwanya w’imizigo, akaba aribo bakwiye kwishyura indishyi kubera amakosa ya nyiri modoka n’abazize impanuka; [5] Mu kwiregura ku mpamvu z’ubujurire za Kamanzi Wellars, uburanira Ngayaberura n’abana be baregwa avuga ko urukiko rukuru rwakwemeza ko SONARWA ariyo yishyura indishyi zasabwe, kubera ko iyo modoka yahitanye umuvandimwe wabo yarifite ubwishingizi ko nta mpamvu uwo muvandimwe wabo yatuma we avanwa mu bari bishingiwe muriyo mpanuka, ko Sonarwa idakwiye kwemera kwishyura abantu bamwe mu manza zimwe ngo izindi manza yihakane uburyozwe; [6] Uru rukiko rukaba rusuzuma niba indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka yahitanye Nyirandayambaje zaragombaga kuryozwa nyiri modoka cyangwa niba ari umwishingizi w’ikinyabiziga cyakoze impanuka, kumenya niba hari indishyi zikurikirana rubanza n’igihembo cya avocat zagenwa muri uru rubanza; II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA Ku byerekeye kumenya niba indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka yahitanye Nyirandayambaje zaragombaga kuryozwa nyiri modoka cyangwa niba zaryozwa umwishingizi w’ikinyabiziga cyakoze impanuka

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[7] Mu mpamvu z’ubujurire za Kamanzi Wellars kimwe n’ibivugwa na Me Musanabera Athanasie umwunganira, bavuga ko mu iburanishwa ry’urubanza rujuririrwa Urukiko rwisumbuye rwemeje ko Kamanzi Wellars yagobokeshwa kandi atagombaga kugobokeshwa mu rubanza ndetse ngo ategekwe no kwishyura indishyi kubera impamvu zikurikira: ko hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 56, igika cya gatatu ya “Conditions Generales de la Police d’Assurance Automobile” ya Sonarwa, ko Sonarwa igomba kwishyura indishyi ku bantu bagiriye impanuka mu modoka ya Kamanzi Wellars yari yishingiye, ko iyo ngingo igira iti: « Umubare w’abantu bagendera mu kinyabiziga harimo n’ugitwaye ntugomba kurenga uwateganyijwe mu mategeko. Iyo uwo mubare urenze, SONARWA yishyura kuri buri muntu indishyi zihwanye n’izo yagombaga gutanga ukubye n’umubare w’abantu banditse mu masezerano, ukagabanya n’uwo abantu bari batwawe muri icyo gihe cy’impanuka. Iyo babara abantu batwawe, abana bari munsi y’imyaka ine ntibabarwa, n’aho abafite guhera kuri ine kugeza kuri 15, habarwa ko buri mwana yicaye kuri 2/3 by’umwanya. Ibyo aribyo byose, iyo iryo barwa ritanze umubare urimo ibice, hafatwa umubare wuzuye’’; [8] Kamanzi Wellars n’umwunganira bakomeza bavuga ko aribyo koko, ko umwishingizi agomba kwishyura indishyi z’abo bantu bose bari muri iyo modoka kuko ntacyo waheraho utandukanya abari bishingiwe n’abatari bishingiwe, ngo umenye ngo muri abo bantu 23

bari muri iyo modoka, abari bishingiwe ni abahe? Abatari bishingiwe ni abahe? Ese wahitamo batandatu gusa bitwa ko bishingiwe ushingiye ku ki? Ko kubera iyo mpamvu rero, buri wese wari muri iyo modoka agomba kubona indishyi ze nkuko SONARWA yabyiyemereye, ko itagomba guhunga inshingano yiyemereye zo kwishyura abantu bose, igihe mu modoka harimo umubare urenze abashingiwe, ko mu ibaruwa yayo yo ku wa 24/05/2019 SONARWA yandikiye Kamanzi Wellars, ko ubwayo yemeraga ko izishyura abantu bose bagize impanuka, ibyo ikaba yarabivuze izirikana neza inshingano zayo yari ifite zo kwishyura indishyi, ko gusa, ntiyagombaga gusaba Kamanzi Wellars kuyisubiza ayo mafaranga yishyuye, dore ko ibyo ntaho biri, haba mu masezerano yihariye yagiranye na Kamanzi Wellars, haba no muri conditions générales zayo kuko byuzuzanya, byongeye kandi, ingingo ya 64 y’itegeko rigenga amasezerano mu Rwanda, iteganya ko amasezerano ari itegeko hagati y’abayagiranye, bityo ingingo ya 56 yavuzwe haruguru ya Conditions générales za SONARWA ikaba igomba kubahirizwa na SONARWA kuko nayo ari amasezerano (contrat d’adhésion), ko Kamanzi Wellars asaba urukiko rukuru kwemeza ko urubanza RC 01166/2019 /TGI/NYGE ruhindutse, rugategeka SONARWA kwishyura indishyi hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 56, igika cya gatatu ya conditions générales zayo nkuko byavuzwe haruguru; [9] Me Niyitegeka Eraste uburanira Ngayabaseka Paul, Ineza Gladys

Uhagarariwe na Sekuru Ngayabaseka Paul, Manishimwe Simon, Niyomugabo Ephrem, Nsanzamahoro Albert, Nyiraguhirwa Valerie, Nyiramahirwe Marie Grace, Nyirampeta Janviere, Nyiranzeyimana Marthe, Uwimana Philomene na Uzayisenga Seraphine, avuga ko asaba urukiko ko rwemeza ko SONARWA ariyo yaryozwa kandi ikishyura indishyi zasabwe, kubera ko habaye izindi manza zikomoka kuri iyi mpanuka, ko itakwemera kwishyura abantu bamwe mu manza zimwe ngo izindi manza yihakane uburyozwe (responsabilité), ko izo manza zabaye itegeko barazohereje kugira ngo SONARWA itegekwe kwishyura; [10] Mu mwanzuro wa Me Munderere Leopord uburanira SONARWA yiregura kuri izi mpamvu z’ubujurire za Kamanzi avuga ko ku itariki ya 12/06/2018, mu Karere ka Nyamasheke mu Kagari ka Nyarusange, habereye impanuka y’imodoka Camionette RAA 922A ya Kamanzi

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Wellars yari itwawe na Uwase Alphonse ihetse abantu 23 kandi bitemewe, ko muri iyo modoka yari ifite ubwishingizi bw’abantu 6 gusa (Annex 1), hapfuyemo abantu 2 aribo Ngayabonshya na Nyirandayambaje, abandi bose uko ari 21 barakomereka, ikigaragara rero aruko ba nyakwigendera Nyirandayambaje na Ngayabonshya bafite amakosa akomeye yo kuba baremeye kujya inyuma mu mwanya w’imizigo, andi makosa akaba afitwe na nyir’imodoka na chauffeur we watwaye abantu mu mwanya w’imizigo, ko abo mu muryango wa nyakwigendera Nyirandayambaje basabye SONARWA kumvikana, ndetse yewe kuwa 23/07/2017 hatangira ubwumvikane hanatangwa proposition y’indishyi za 3.769.600Frw (Annex 2) ariko biza kugaragarira ko SONARWA itarebwa n’iki kibazo kubera ko Kamanzi Wellars nyir’imodoka nta bwishingizi bw’abo bantu bose yari atwaye yari afite, biba ngombwa guhagarika ibyo yari yatangiye (process), ko ibi byatumye kuwa 07/08/2019 (Annex 3), SONARWA yandikira Avocat w’umuryango wa Nyirandayambaje, imubwira ko ntacyo yamumarira kuko uwo yishingiye nta bwishingizi bw’abantu 23 yari afite, ndetse ko na nyakwigendera Nyirandayambaje yagize uruhare rukomeye muri iyo mpanuka, ku itariki ya 30/08/2019, Avocat w’Umuryango wa Nyirandayambaje yandikiye SONARWA avuga ko habayeho kwikiranura, asaba ko yakwishyurwa bitaba ibyo akazabara indishyi za 18% buri mwaka (Annex 4), ko abo mu muryango wa nyakwigendera bareze SONARWA mu

rukiko rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, mu kuburana, SONARWA yagobokesheje nyir’imodoka Kamanzi Wellars utarubahirije amategeko, ikaba kandi yaranaburanga ivuga ko nta ndishyi yakwishyura ko ahubwo zabazwa Kamanzi Wellars, ko kandi na nyakwigendera yagombaga kwirengera amakosa ye wemewe gutwarwa nk’umuzigo, Urukiko rwasanze koko SONARWA ntaho ihuriye n’izi ndishyi, rutegeka ko izingana na 13.881.579 Frw zatangwa na Kamanzi Wellars; [11] Ku mpamvu z’ubujurire SONARWA izireguraho ivuga ko Kamanzi Wellars asaba ko indishyi zose zakwishyurwa na SONARWA ngo hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 56 ya Conditions générales, ko isanga uku ari ukwigiza nkana kuko azi neza ko SONARWA yemerewe kumukorera recours ishingiye ku ngingo za 22 na 25 za Conditions Générales, ko ikintu gitangaje ahubwo, ari ukubona aho kurega avuga ko Urukiko rutarebye amakosa ya nyakwigendera muri iyo mpanuka n’ingaruka zayo mu rwego rw’amategeko, ko Kamanzi Wellars we ashishikajwe no kwikuraho kwishyura indishyi yaciwe, kandi n’ubundi SONARWA yemerewe kumukoraho recours ari nabyo yakoze binyuze mu kumuhatira kugoboka mu rubanza, ko kubera iyo mpamvu rero, Urubanza rwaciwe n’urukiko rwisumbuye ko rutagomba guhinduka, ko biramutse bikozwe, birumvikana neza ko harebwa ibyo SONARWA yavuze hejuru birimo: - Kuba hasabwa gusa indishyi zitarenga 3.769.600Frw zari zumvikanyweho, - Kuba hategekwa partage de responsabilite ya 50% kubera

uruhare rwa nyakwigendera mu mpanuka, - Kuba n’iyo Urukiko rwategeka SONARWA kwishyura nk’umwishingizi, rwanahita rutegeka ko Kamanzi Wellars wishe amasezerano yagiranye SONARWA ahita yishyura indishyi yacibwa mu rwego rwa recours kuko haba habayeho kwirindi izindi manza hagati yayo na Kamanzi Wellars; Uko uru rukiko rubibona. [12] Uru rukiko rusanga impaka ziri muri uru rubanza zishingiye ku kumenya ukwiye kuryozwa indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka y’ikinyabiziga yahitanye Nyirandayambaje kikaba cyari cyishingiwe na Sonarwa ariko uwazize impanuka akaba yari mu bantu benshi bari batwawe muri icyo kinyabiziga;

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[13] Ingingo ya 2 y’itegeko Nº 02/2002 ryo kuwa 17/01/2002 rihindura itegeko-teka n°32/75 ryo kuwa 07 Kanama 1975 ryerekeye Ubwishingizi butegetswe kuburyozwe butewe n’ibigenzwa ku butaka bifite moteri ivuga ko ubwishingizi bugomba kwishingira uburyozwe bwa nyir'ikinyabiziga, ubw’ugifite n’ubw'ugitwaye wese, uretse igihe cyaba gifitwe n'uwacyibye cyangwa uwacyambuye ku gahato. Ubwishingizi bugomba kwishingira ibyago biba ku bantu no ku bintu biturutse ku mpamvu zabereye mu Rwanda. Bugomba kwishingira ibyago biba ku bantu bari bahetswe n’ibinyabiziga ku mpamvu izo ari zo zose, mu gihe icyo kinyabiziga cyateje ibyo byago. Ibintu bihetswe n'ikinyabiziga bishobora kutabarirwa mu bwishingizi habayeho amasezerano yihariye; [14] Iyi ngingo isobanura ko umwishingizi w’ikinyabiziga ariwe uryozwa ibyangijwe n’impanuka yatejwe n’ikinyabiziga yishingiye keretse gikoze iyo mpanuka bitewe n’uwacyibye cyangwa yacyambuye kugahato kandi akazishyura ibyago ku bantu; [15] Ingingo ya 6 y’itegeko teka nº 32/75 ryo kuwa 07/08/1975 ryerekeye ubwishingizi bw’uburyozwe butegetswe ku binyabiziga bigenzwa na moteri ivuga ko ubwishingire butuma habaho uburenganzira bw’uwahohotewe bwo kwaka indishyi umwishingizi, iyi ngingo ivuga ko uwahohotewe n’impanuka yatewe n’ikinyabiziga cyishingiwe asaba umwishingizi indishyi ko atazisaba nyiri kinyabiziga wamweretse ko gifite ubwishingizi; [16] Ingingo ya 11

y'Itegeko teka nº 32/75 ryo kuwa 07/08/1975 ryavuzwe haruguru iteganya ko nta cyabera intambamyi ku buryozwe sosiyete y'ubwishingizi igomba uwahohotewe, ko umwishingizi ategetswe kwishyura ahubwo akaba afite uburenganzira bwo kuba yakurikirana uwafashe ubwishingizi bibaye ngombwa, bivuze ko uwahohotewe n’impanuka atazitirwa n’ikibazo cyaba kiri hagati y’umwishingizi n’uwafashe ubwishingizi; [17] Uru rukiko rusanga Kamanzi Wellars na Sonarwa bagaragaza ko hari amasezerano bagiranye y’ubwishingizi aho Kamanzi ari nawe nyiri kinyabiziga RAA 922A yafashe ubwishingizi bw’ikinyabiziga cye kimaze kuvugwa tariki ya 09/02/2018 igomba kugeza yariki ya 07/11/2018 nkuko bigaragara ku masezerano bagiranye bigashimangirwa n’icyitwa « Motor Insurance Certificate », yahawe na Sonarwa, ko muri uko kugirana amasezerano haribyo bumvikanye ndetse SONARWA yashyikirije Kamanzi ibyemeza ubwo bwishingizi birimo « Conditions specifique na Conditions Generale d’assurance » ; [18] Uru rukiko rusanga ahatumvikanwaho n’impande zombi yaba Kamanzi Wellars na Sonarwa muri uru rubanza n’ibyerekeye ingingo ya 56 ya Conditions Generales d’assurance, aho iyo ngingo isobanura iti: « SONARWA yishyura indishyi zanditse mu masezerano iyo impanuka zigwiririye abishingiwe mu gihe batwaye ikinyabiziga cyangwa bagitwawemo. Hishingirwa ibyago byonona umubiri abishingiwe bagize mu gihe bagenderaga mu kinyabiziga cyanditse

mu masezerano, iyo bacyinjiramo cyangwa bagisohokamo no mu gihe cyose barimo gufasha kugikora mu gihe kibapfiriyeho mu rugendo. Umubare w’abantu bagendera mu kinyabiziga harimo n’ugitwaye ntugomba kurenga uwateganyijwe mu mategeko. Iyo uwo mubare urenze, SONARWA yishyura kuri buri muntu indishyi zihwanye n’izo yagombaga gutanga ukubye n’umubare w’abantu banditse mu masezerano, ukagabanya n’uwo abantu bari batwawe muri icyo gihe cy’impanuka. Iyo babara abantu batwawe, abana bari munsi y’imyaka ine ntibabarwa, n’aho abafite guhera kuri ine kugeza kuri 15, habarwa ko buri mwana yicaye kuri 2/3

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by’umwanya. Ibyo aribyo byose, iyo iryo barwa ritanze umubare urimo ibice, hafatwa umubare wuzuye”; [19] Uru rukiko rusanga mu kuburana kwa Sonarwa ivuga ko idakwiye kuryozwa indishyi kuko Kamanzi Wellars nyiri kinyabiziga yakoze amakosa yo kurenza umubare w’abishingiwe kuko yari yishingiye abantu batandatu gusa (6) kandi ko we yari yashyize mu modoka ye abantu bagera kuri 23 nyamara uru rukiko rusanga nta shingiro izi mvugo za Sonarwa zahabwa kuko ubwayo Sonarwa itagaragaza uburyo Nyirandayambaje wazize impanuka ariwe wenyine wavanwa mu myanya itandatu (6) yishingiye, kuba uyu wazize impanuka yarari muri iyo modoka birahagije kuba yabarirwa mu myanya itandatu yishingiwe mu gihe cyose Sonarwa itagaragaza ko uyu yarenze ku bari bishingiwe abaribo n’abo yishyuye ko bageze kuri 6 kuko itagaragaza ko yamaze kwishyura abarenze 6 yishingiye, ko nubwo ivuga abantu batandatu ariko « Motor Insurance Certificate » igaragaza ko hishingiwe imyanya itandatu (6 places) akaba atari abantu bahicaye cyane ko conditions generales ubwayo Sonarwa yatanze igaragaza mu gika cya 2 cy’ingingo ya 56 kivuga ko Hishingirwa ibyago byonona umubiri abishingiwe bagize mu gihe bagenderaga mu kinyabiziga cyanditse mu masezerano ; [20] Ku bivugwa na Sonarwa ko itaryozwa indishyi kubera ko na Nyirandayambaje yinjiye mu kinyabiziga akicara inyuma kandi hari abandi bantu bagera kuri 22 bari binjiyemo ariko

uru rukiko rusanga ibi bivugwa na Sonarwa ntakibigaragaza ko Nyirandayambaje ariwe winjiyemo nyuma y’abandi ngo areke kubarirwa mu myanya itandatu Sonarwa yemeye mu bwishingizi ko ariyo myanya izishyurira indishyi mu gihe habayeho impanuka; [21] Ku bivugwa na Sonarwa ko Kamanzi yakoze amakosa kimwe n’umushoferi we ariko uru rukiko rushingiye ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 9 y'itegeko N° 41/2001 ryo ku wa 19/09/2001 ryerekeye itangwa ry'indishyi ku bagize impanuka zitewe n'ibinyabiziga, kimwe n’ingingo ya 3 y’iteka rya perezida Nº 31/01 ryo ku wa 25/08/2003 rishyiraho uburyo bwo kwishyura indishyi ku bubabare bw’umubiri buturutse ku mpanuka zitewe n’ibinyabiziga, zisobanura neza ko indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka zitangwa n’umwishingizi w’ikinyabiziga kiri mu makosa, kuba hari urubanza RP 00087/2018/TB/Kag rwo kuwa 22/08/2018 uwitwa Uwase Alphonse ari nawe shoferi w’ikinyabiziga RAA 922A cyakoze impanuka yahitanye Nyirandayambaje akaba yarahamijwe icyaha cyo kwica umuntu bidaturutse ku bushake, kuba hari inyandiko mvugo y’impanuka yagaragaje ko icyateye impanuka ari ubuteganye buke bwa shoferi, kuba kandi ku munsi tariki ya 12/06/2018 ikinyabiziga gikora impanuka Nyirandayambaje akayigwamo cyari gifite ubwishingizi bwa Sonarwa buzageza tariki ya 07/11/2018 bwaratangiye tariki ya 09/02/2018 nkuko bigaragazwa n’amasezerano ndetse na « Motor Insurance Certificate » ko rusanga nta mpamvu

Sonarwa idakwiye kuryozwa indishyi z’ikinyabiziga yishingiye mu gihe cyose itagaragaje ko abantu yishingiye baba bararenze ku mubare w’abo ikwiye kwishyurirwa indishyi nkuko yabyiyemeje muri conditions generales de la polices d’assurance yashyikirije uwafashe ubwishingizi b’ikinyabiziga cyahitanye Nyirandayambaje; [22] Ku bivugwa na Sonarwa ko mu gihe urukiko rukuru rwasanga ikwiye kuryozwa indishyi ko hashingirwa ku bwumvikane bwabaye n’abaregera indishyi, ariko uru rukiko rusanga kudashyira mu bikorwa ibyari byumvikanyweho byaratewe na Sonarwa nkuko ibiburanisha ibivuga ko yageze hagati igasanga idakwiye kwishyura indishyi zari zumvikanyeho, ko ibyo yanze gushyira mu bikorwa ibyo yari yumvikanyeho n’abasabaga indishyi ikaba itabyitwaza ngo byongere bigarukweho kandi ariyo yatumye abayirega bajya mu manza, bisobanuye ko nubwo

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haba harabayeho ubwumvikane bwavuyeho n’uko yanze kwishyura ibyo yari yemeye bigatuma habaho imanza, ko ubwo bwumvikane ubwayo yanze ko budakwiye gushingirwaho ahubwo ko habarwa indishyi ziteganywa n’itegeko akaba arizo zigenwa nkuko zabazwe mu rubanza rujuririrwa nubwo uburyo bwasesenguwe mu rubanza rujuririrwa uru rukiko rusanga harabayeho kwirengagiza neza ibikubiye mu mategeko rusange (Conditions generale d’assurance) hakanirengagizwa ko nta kimenyetso na kimwe Sonarwa yagaragaje cyemeza ko idakwiye kuryozwa indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka yatumye Nyirandayambaje apfa abamufiteho uburenganzira bakaba bakwiye kugenerwa indishyi; [23] Ku bivugwa na Sonarwa ko mu gihe urukiko rukuru rwasanga yategekwa kuryozwa indishyi ko zagabanwa n’abaziregera kubera amakosa ya Nyirandayambaje ariko kandi uru rukiko rusanga Sonarwa ibivuga gusa itagaragaza ko Nyirandayambaje ariwe wari mu makosa cyane ko itagaragaza ko Nyirandayambaje atari yicaye muri imwe mu myanya itandatu (6 places) ivugwa mu masezerano y’ubwishingizi ngo inagaragaze niba uyu ariwe ukwiye kuvanwa mu bishingiwe wenyine n’impamvu ariwe watoranywa mu bayivanwamo muriyo myanya 6, dore ko na condityion generale ivuga ko abishyurwa indishyi ari abishingiwe bari mu kinyabiziga ko hatigeze havugwa ngo n’abahe nkuko igira iti mu gihe batwaye ikinyabiziga cyangwa bagitwawemo, ko runasanga kandi kuba hari ikosa rya shoferi

ryagaragajwe n’ibimenyetso birimo n’urubanza nshinjabyaha rumuhamya icyaha, nta cyabuza uru rukiko kuba rwakwemeza ko umwishingizi w’icyo kinyabiziga ariwe ukwiye kuryozwa indishyi ku bazikwiye amategeko yateganyije cyane ingingo ya 22 na 23 y’iteka rya perezida Nº 31/01 ryo ku wa 25/08/2003 rishyiraho uburyo bwo kwishyura indishyi ku bubabare bw’umubiri buturutse ku mpanuka zitewe n’ibinyabiziga; [24] Ku bivugwa na Sonarwa ko n’iyo Urukiko rwategeka SONARWA kwishyura nk’umwishingizi, rwanahita rugategeka ko Kamanzi Wellars wishe amasezerano yagiranye na SONARWA ahita yishyura indishyi yacibwa mu rwego rwa recours kuko haba habayeho kwirindi izindi manza hagati yayo na Kamanzi Wellars ariko uru rukiko rusanga ibi bivugwa na Sonarwa ari imvugo gusa kuko abo yishingiye ntabwo igaragaza ko impanuka yatewe gusa nuko Kamanzi Wellars yapakiye abantu barenze umubare w’imyanya yishingiye ahubwo hari n’uruhare rwa shoferi wari utwaye icyo kinyabiziga rwo kuba yaragize ubuteganye buke bwo kutitondera umuhanda bigatuma akora impanuka, kuba abishingiwe nubwo mu modoka bari 23 ariko kandi ntabwo ariko bose basaba indishyi muri uru rubanza, niyo haba hari abandi basaba indishyi ariko kandi nta kigaragaza ko imyanya 6 yishingiwe na Sonarwa yaba yararenze ngo bisobanure ko abandi ari Kamanzi wakoze ikosa kuburyo yasabwa kwishyura indishyi zikomoka ku kuba Nyirandayambaje ariwe wari kuvanwa

mubishyurirwa na Sonarwa wenyine, ikindi nubwo Kamanzi yaba yarazanywe mu rubanza ariko ntabwo bivanaho uburyozwe Sonarwa cyane nkuko amategeko yashingiweho haruguru ndetse na Condition generale Sonarwa ubwayo yahaye Kamanzi ibisobanura mu ngingo ya 56 aho ivuga ko Umubare w’abantu bagendera mu kinyabiziga harimo n’ugitwaye utagomba kurenga uwateganyijwe mu mategeko, ko iyo uwo mubare urenze, SONARWA yishyura kuri buri muntu indishyi zihwanye n’izo yagombaga gutanga ukubye n’umubare w’abantu banditse mu masezerano, ukagabanya n’uwo abantu bari batwawe muri icyo gihe cy’impanuka, uru rukiko rusanga ariko ibi byashingirwaho iyo abari mu modoka bose basaba izo ndishyi aribwo rwazibara rugabanya n’abaziregera bari muricyi kinyabiziga kandi bigaragara ko nabo bari mu makosa, bityo iyi ngingo ubwayo igaragaza ko niyo Kamanzi Wellars yaba yarakoze ikosa ryo kurenza abantu bagenda mu kinyabiziga ariko ko bitavanaho uburyozwe umwishingizi ngo bitume ataryozwa indishyi asabwa n’abahohotewe

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n’iyo mpanuka ku muntu umwe uvugwa muri uru rubanza ko ariwe wazize impanuka abahohotewe baregera indishyi kuri uwo umwe gusa ko nta bandi uru rukiko rubona Sonarwa igaragaza yatuma habarwa izo ndishyi hashingiwe ku mubare wabo; [25] Kuba Kamanzi Wellars yarazanywe mu rubanza nk’ugobokeshwa na Sonarwa ariko uru rukiko rusanga atarazanywe mu rubanza nk’ukurikiranyweho igice cy’uruhare rwe (recours) ivugwa na Sonarwa mu bujurire ahubwo ikigaragara ko Sonarwa yamuzanye mu rubanza kubera ko yangaga ko ariyo ikwiye kuryozwa indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka y’ikinyabiziga yishingiye ivuga ko zaryozwa nyiri kinyabiziga ariwe Kamanzi Wellars cyane ko ari nayo yanze ko ubwumvikane yari yabanje kwemera bushyirwa mu bikorwa, ikaba itakwitwaza ko hashingirwa ko Kamanzi Wellars yazanywe nka recours kandi atari nako yaburanaga ku rwego rwa mbere; [26] Uru rukiko rusanga usibye n’ibimaze kuvugwa, rusanga iyo habayeho impaka zerekeye amasezerasno y’ubwishingizi, ari ikirego kiri mu bubasha bw’urukiko rw’ubucuruzi nkuko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 81 agace ka 3º y’itegeko Nº 30/2018 ryo kuwa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko kavuga ko inkiko z’ubucuruzi ziburanisha ku rwego rwa mbere impaka zerekeye ubwishingizi havanywemo izerekeye indishyi z’impanuka zisabwa amasosiyete y’ubwishingizi n’abadafitanye amasezerano na yo, kuba rero Sonarwa yemera ko yari ifitanye amasezerano y’ubwishingizi na Kamanzi

Wellars kandi ikavuga ko atubahirije ayo masezerano ko bitazanwa mu manza mbonezamubano ziregerwa inkiko zisumbuye kuko izo mpaka zitari mu bubasha bw’urukiko rusanzwe ahubwo ari impaka ku bwishingizi ziregerwa izo nkiko z’ubucuruzi, ikaba nta mpamvu yakwitwaza ko atubahirije amasezerano nubwo atariko yaburanaga ivuga ahubwo yashakaga ko ariwe uryozwa indishyi; Ku byerekeye niba hari indishyi zagenwa muri uru rubanza; [27] Me Musanabera Athanasie uhagarariye Kamanzi Wellars avuga ko asaba urukiko gutegeka SONARWA G.I Company Ltd kumwishyura indishyi zasabwe mu rubanza rujuririwe ari zo: - Ikurikiranarubanza = 500000Frw, -igihembo cya Avocat = 500000Frw, Arasaba kandi kwishyurwa indishyi zikurikira kubera uru rubanza rw’ubujurire: -Ikurikiranarubanza:500.000 Frw, -igihembo cya Avoka = 500000Frw, -Igarama = 40000Frw, Gukurikiza amategeko ku byaba bisigaye; [28] Me Niyitegeka Eraste Uhagarariye Ngayabaseka Paul n’abagenzi be avuga ko n'uruhande rw'abaregera indishyi rusanga ari SONARWA igomba kwishyura izo ndishyi ko atari Kamanzi Wellars; [29] Me Munderere Leopord uhagarariye SONARWA General Insurance Ltd avuga ko izo ndishyi nta shingiro zifite kuko nta mpamvu SONARWA yayishyura kuko KAMANZI adakwiriye kwitwaza amafuti ye ngo ayasabishe indishyi, ko nta n’igarama rya 40.000Frw yasubizwa kubera impamvu zimwe n’izavuzwe hejuru; Uko uru rukiko rubibona. [30] Uru rukiko rusanga ku rwego rw’ubujurire impamvu zatumye Kamanzi Wellars ajurira zifite ishingiro kubera ko rusanga SONARWA General Insurance Ltd ariyo yagombaga kuryozwa indishyi nkuko yari yabanje no kuzemera abazisaba bagishaka ko zumvikanwaho

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ariko nyuma ikisubiraho bigatuma abaregera indishyi bagana inkiko, ikindi kuba ariyo yazanye mu manza mbonezamubano Kamanzi Wellars itagaragaza ko impaka bafitanye zaba ari imbonezamubano ahubwo ko ibyo ivuga bishingiye ku mpaka z’ubwishingizi zijyanwa mu zindi nkiko, ko kuba kandi amategeko yashingiyeho isinya amasezerano y’ubwishingizi ubwayo agaragaza ko ariyo iryozwa indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka yatewe n’ikinyabiziga yishingiye ariko ikanangira yanga kwishyura n’izo yari yemeye, ahubwo igakurura mu manza Kamanzi Wellars nta mpamvu yumvikana yatumaga imugobokesha ngo igaragaze ko izo mpaka ku masezerano y’ubwishingizi zabayeho koko, ko ariyo mpamvu ikwiye kuryozwa indishyi zikurikirana rubanza, igihembo cya avocat ndetse n’ingwate yatanzwe na Kamanzi Wellars ariko mu kuzigena uru rukiko rusanga izisabwa na Kamanzi Wellars ari umurengera akaba yagenerwa iziri mu rugero kandi zihuye n’igihembo mbonera gikwiriye avocat nkuko ziteganywa n’amabwiriza n° 01/2014 agena ibihembo mbonera by’abavoka, SONARWA General Insurance Ltd igategekwa kwishyura Kamanzi Wellars ahwanye na 500.000Frw y’igihembo cya avocat ku rwego rwa mbere ndetse na 250.000Frw y’igihembo cya avocat mu bujurire ndetse ikamwishyura n’indishyi zikurikirana rubanza zihwanye na 200.000Frw kandi ikamusubiza ingwate yamagarama yatanze ajurira ahwanye na 40.000Frw ; III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO RUKURU [31] Rwemeje ko

ubujurire bwatanzwe na Kamanzi Wellars bufite ishingiro. [32] Rutegetse ko imikirize y’urubanza RC 01166/2019/TGI/Nyge rwaciwe n’urukiko rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge kuwa 27/05/2021 ihindutse ku byerekeye ukwiye kuryozwa indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka yatewe n’ikinyabiziga cya Kamanzi Wellars cyari gifite ubwishingizi bwa SONARWA; [33] Rutegetse SONARWA General Insurance Ltd ko ariyo ikwiye kwishyura indishyi abaziregera aribo Ngayabaseka Paul, Ineza Gladys Uhagarariwe na Sekuru Ngayabaseka Paul, Manishimwe Simon, Niyomugabo Ephrem, Nsanzamahoro Albert, Nyiraguhirwa Valerie, Nyiramahirwe Marie Grace, Nyirampeta Janviere, Nyiranzeyimana Marthe, Uwimana Philomene na Uzayisenga Seraphine nkuko zategetswe mu rubanza rujuririrwa mu gika cya 29 na 30; [34] Rutegetse SONARWA General Insurance Ltd kwishyura Kamanzi Wellars igihembo cya avocat kingana n’ibihumbi magana arindwi na mirongo itanu (750.000Frw) ku rwego rwa mbere n’ubujurire n’indishyi zo gushorwa mu manza n’iz’ikurikirana rubanza zingana n’ibihumbi magana abiri (200.000Frw), ikamusubiza kandi n’ingwate y’amagarama yatanze ajurira ahwanye n’ibihumbi mirongo ine (40.000Frw) kuko ayo yatanze ajurira ahwanye n’ibyakoreshejwe muri uru rubanza.