KARAMAGA N’UNDI v MUCHEZO ANDJELANI

# KARAMAGA N’UNDI v MUCHEZO ANDJELANI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2023-04-28 - Case/document no.: RCAA00015/2022/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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KARAMAGA N’UNDI v MUCHEZO ANDJELANI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RCAA00015/2022/CA (Ngagi, P.J.) 28 Mata 2023] Itegeko rigenga ibimenyetso – ubuhamya – Ubuhamya bwatanzwe n’umuntu umwe ariko buvuguruzanya mu nzego zitandukanye nta shingiro bwahabwa mu Rukiko. Itegeko rigenga ubutaka – inkomoko y’ubutaka – Isaranganya – Ntibihagije kuba umuntu afite inyandiko z'inzego zibanze zemeza ko yasaranganije ubutaka, mu gihe izo nyandiko nazo ntacyo zishingiraho, n'abazitanze badoshobora gusobanura icyo bashingiyeho bazitanga. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiriye Muchezo Andjelani arega Karamaga mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo, asaba Urukiko guhabwa ubutaka bwe hamwe n’inyubako ziburiho byibarujweho n’utari nyirabyo. Avuga ko ubutaka bufite UPI 1/03/08/03/2965 na UPI:1/03/08/03/2 966 abutunze kuva 1989 ariko kubera kutaba mu Rwanda yaje kugaruka asanga ubufite UPI:1/03/08/03/2 966 bwibarujweho na Karamaga. Karamaga we avuga ko ubwo butaka yabubonye biturutse ku bugure kandi uwamugurishije akaba abukomora ku isaranganya. Urukiko mu rubanza RC00695/2019/TGI/GSBO rwemeje ko ikirego cyatanzwe na Muchezo nta shingiro gifite, ko ubutaka bwanditse kuri Karamaga buherereye mu Mudugudu wa Rebero, Akagari ka Gako, Umurenge wa Masaka, Akarere ka Kicukiro, Umujyi wa Kigali butandukuwe kuri Karamaga. Muchezo Andjelani ntiyishimiye imikirize yurwo rubanza, maze arujuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru, avuga ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo rwavuze ko Karamaga yasaranganyijwe ubutaka kandi nta bimenyetso rwagaragarijwe. Kuri uru rwego, Muchezo Andjelani asaba ko hagobokeshwa Bucyana, Karamaga avuga ko yamugurishije ubutaka buburanwa. Urukiko Rukuru mu rubanza RCA00076/2021/HC/KIG rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Muchezo Andjelani bufite ishingiro, ko urubanza rujuririrwa ruhindutse. Rutegeka ko ubutaka buburanwa bwandukurwa kuri Karamaga bukandikwa kuri Muchezo Andjelani, rutegeka Karamaga guha Muchezo Andjelani indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. Karamaga ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urwo rubanza ayijuririra mu Rukiko rw’ubujurire avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwafashe icyemezo kimutegeka kwiyandukuzaho ubutaka buburanwa maze bukandikwa kuri Muchezo Andjelani rwirengagije ibimenyetso byatanzwe n’Ubuyobozi bw’inzego z’ibanze, bigaragaza ko ubutaka atunze abukomora kuri Bucyana umuhungu wa Nzamurambaho nawe ubukomora ku isaranganya ryakorewe ku butaka bwari ubwa Muchezo Andjelani, anasaba Urukiko gutegeka Muchezo Andjelani kumuha indishyi zitandukanye.

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Uhagarariye Muchezo Andjelani yiregura avuga ko iyi ngingo y’ubujurire nta shingiro ifite, kuko Urukiko Rukuru mu guca urubanza rwemeje ko ubutaka bufite UPI:1/03/08/03/2966 bwandukurwa kuri Karamaga bukandikwa kuri Muchezo Andjelani, rushingiye ku bimenyetso rwagaragarijwe no ku buhamya bwatanzwe n’abatangabuhamya bigaragaza neza ko Muchezo Andjelani yatunze ubwo butaka kuva mu mwaka wa 1989, bikanagaragaza ko nta saranganya ryigeze rikorerwa kuri ubwo butaka. Uhagarariye Bucyana wogobokeshejwe avuga ko bemeranya n’uwajuriye kuko basanga hari ibimenyetso Urukiko rwirengagije birimo umwanzuro w’inzego z’Ibanze, aho akagali ka Gako kaho ubwo butaka buhereye bwemeje ko Muchezo Andjelani atwara igice cyasigaye kuri ubwo butaka bwasaranganyijwe, ndetse ngo rwanirengagije cyemezo n’Umurenge wa Masaka hashingiwe ku mpapuro z’isaranganya. Ngo Urukiko rwirengagije ibyo bimenyetso byose rushingira ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya, kandi Muchezo Andjelani atarigeze azivuguruza. Avuga ko ikigaragaza ko umutungo wasaranganyijwe ari icyemezo cy’umutungo kuko mbere yo guhabwa icyemezo cy’umutungo ugaragaza aho wakomoye umutungo, kandi ko ngo Bucyana yagaragarije ubuyobozi inyandiko z’isaranganya bubona kumuha icyo cyemezo cy’umutungo. Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu rubanza RCAA00015/2022/CA, nyuma y’isesengura ry’ibimenyetso bitandukanye ndetse n’imiburanire y’ababuranyi rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Karamaga nta shingiro bufite kuko nta mpaka zihari ku bijyanye nuko ubutaka bwari ubwa Muchezo Andjelani kandi nta nikigaragaza ko ubutaka bwa Muchezo Andjelani bwasaranganyijwe. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Ubuhamya bwatanzwe n’umuntu umwe ariko buvuguruzanya mu nzego zitandukanye nta shingiro bwahabwa mu Rukiko. Bityo kuba umuntu yatanga ubuhamya mu nzego zibanze buvuguruzanya nubwo yatanze mu Rukiko kandi ku kibazo kimwe ntabwo bwashingirwaho. 2.Uvuga ko atunze ubutaka yabonye mu buryo bw'isaranganya agomba kubitangira ibimenyetso. Iyo abibuze ibyangomwa by'umutungo atunze biteshwa agaciro, kuko aba yarabibonye mu buryo budakurikije amategeko. Bityo, Ntibihagije kuba umuntu afite inyandiko z'inzego zibanze zemeza ko yasaranganije ubutaka, mu gihe izo nyandiko nazo ntacyo zishingiraho, n'abazitanze badoshobora gusobanura icyo bashingiyeho bazitanga. 3. Indishyi z’ikurikirana rubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka zitangwa mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko rukuirije n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, Ingingo ya 12, 111

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Itegeko N° 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, ingingo ya 65 Nta manza zifashishijwe. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo, Muchezo Andjelani ufite ubwenegihugu bw’Ububiligi ari naho atuye arega Karamaga Camille, asaba guhabwa ubutaka bwe hamwe n’inyubako ziburiho byibarujweho n’utari nyirabyo. Asobanura ko kuva mu mwaka wa 1989 atunze ubutaka buherereye mu Mudugudu wa Rebero, Akagari ka Gako, Umurenge wa Masaka, Akarere ka Kicukiro, Umujyi wa Kigali ; ubu bukaba bubaruye kuri n°UPI 1/03/08/03/2965, bukangana na 0,6299729 Ha, bukagira agaciro kangana na 75.311.088Frw, no kuri UPI :1/03/08/03/2 966 bungana na 0,2597220 Ha, bufite agaciro ka 38.955.000Frw. Asobanura kandi ko yaje mu Rwanda asanga igice kimwe cy’ubwo butaka yororeragamo amatungo kirimo n’inzu yabagamo abashumba byaranditswe kuri Karamaga Camille, kandi byarafatiriwe n’Umuhesha w’inkiko mu kurangiza urubanza RC00756/2017/TB/KCY. Urwo Rukiko rwaburanishije urubanza Karamaga Camille adahari kuko yari yahamagajwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko. [2] Mu rubanza RC00695/2019/TGI/GSBO rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo ku wa 26/02/2021, urwo Rukiko rwemeje ko ikirego cyatanzwe na Muchezo Andjelani nta shingiro gifite, ko ubutaka bwanditse kuri Karamaga Camille buherereye mu Mudugudu wa Rebero, Akagari ka Gako, Umurenge wa Masaka, Akarere ka Kicukiro, Umujyi wa Kigali butamwandukuweho. Rutegeka ko amagarama y’urubanza ahwanye n’ayo yatanzeho ingwate arega. [3] Muchezo Andjelani ntiyishimiye iyo mikirize y’urubanza, maze arujuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru, avuga ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo rwavuze ko Karamaga Camille yasaranganyijwe ubutaka kandi nta bimenyetso rwagaragarijwe. Mu nama ntegurarubanza Muchezo Andjelani asaba ko hagobokeshwa Bucyana Gérard, Karamaga Camille avuga ko yamugurishije ubutaka buburanwa, hanyuma aragobokeshwa. [4] Ku wa 31/03/2022, Urukiko Rukuru rwaciye urubanza RCA00076/2021/HC/K IG rwemeza ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Muchezo Andjelani bufite ishingiro, ko urubanza RC00695/2019/TGI/GSBO rwaciwe n'Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo ku wa 26/02/2021 ruhindutse. Rutegeka ko ubutaka bufite UPI: 1/03/08/03/2965 n’ubutaka bufite UPI: 1/03/08/03/2966 bwandukurwa kuri Karamaga Camille bukandikwa kuri Muchezo Andjelani, rutegeka Karamaga Camille guha Muchezo Andjelani 100.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza na 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka mu bujurire, kandi ko 40.000Frw y’amagarama Muchezo Andjelani yatanze arega ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza.

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[5] Karamaga Camille ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza ayijuririra muri uru Rukiko avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwafashe icyemezo kimutegeka kwiyandukuzaho ubutaka bubaruye kuri UPI: 1/03/08/03/2966 maze bukandikwa kuri Muchezo Andjelani, rwirengagije ibimenyetso byatanzwe n’Ubuyobozi bw’inzego z’ibanze, bigaragaza ko ubutaka atunze abukomora kuri Bucyana Gérard umuhungu wa Nzamurambaho Cécile nawe ubukomora ku isaranganya ryakorewe ku butaka bwari ubwa Muchezo Andjelani, anasaba Urukiko gutegeka Muchezo Andjelani kumuha indishyi zitandukanye. Ubujurire bwe bwandikwa kuri RCAA00015/2022/CA. [6] Iburanisha mu ruhame ryabaye ku wa 06/02/2023, Karamaga Camille yunganiwe na Me Munyangaju Damascène, Muchezo Andjelani ahagarariwe na Me Rukundo Réné, naho Bucyana Gérard yunganiwe na Me Habineza Gasore Gilbert. Ku wa 22/02/2023, mu rubanza rubanziriza urundi, Urukiko rwafashe icyemezo ko mbere yo guca urubanza rugomba gukora iperereza ku Murenge wa Masaka ku wa 13/03/2023, n‘aho umutungo uburanwa uherereye. Ku wa 13/03/2023, Urukiko rwakoze iperereza aho umutungo uburanwa uherereye, no ku Murenge wa Masaka, Ubuyobozi bwawo bubwira Urukiko ko nyuma yo kubona ibaruwa y’Urukiko burimo gukusanya amakuru, ko buzakora raporo bukayishyikiriza Urukiko bitarenze ku wa 20/03/2023, ariko ntibyakunda buyishyikiriza Urukiko ku wa 20/04/2023. [7] Urubanza rwapfunduwe ku wa 25/04/2023, Karamaga Camille ahagarariwe na Me Munyangaju Damascène, Muchezo Andjelani ahagarariwe na Me Rukundo Réné, naho Bucyana Gérard ahagarariwe na Me Habineza Gasore Gilbert ; impande zose zihabwa umwanya wo kugira icyo zivuga ku byavuye mu iperereza ryavuzwe haruguru, isoma ry’urubanza rishyirwa ku wa 28/04/2023. II. IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYABYO Kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rutarahaye agaciro ibimenyetso byatanzwe na KARAMAGA Camille byerekana ko ubutaka bwa MUCHEZO Andjelani bwasaranganyijwe [8] Uhagarariye Karamaga Camille avuga ko kuva mu gika cya 18 kugeza ku cya 20 by’urubanza RCA00076/2021/HC/KIG rujuririrwa, Urukiko rwavuze ko rusanga ababuranyi bose bemeranya ku nkomoko y’isambu iburanwa, ko yari iya Muchezo Andjelani kuva mu mwaka wa 1989 nk’uko yabigaragarije ibimenyetso, ariko ko Bucyana Gérard yavuze ko aho yagurishije Karamaga Camille ari aho basaranganyijwe ku isambu ya Muchezo Andjelani, maze rushingiye ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya barimo Uwihanganye Jean Claude na Nduwayezu Grégoire, rwemeza ko Karamaga Camille agomba gusubiza Muchezo Andjelani iyo sambu. Ko mu gufata icyo cyemezo rwirengagije icyemezo cy’umutungo cyo ku wa 20/05/2008, Bucyana Gérard yahawe n’Ubuyobozi bw’inzego z’ibanze kigaragaza ko ubwo butaka buburanwa bwasaranganyijwe, cyemejwe n’Ubuyobozi kuva mu Mudugudu wa Rebero kugeza ku buyobozi bw’Akarere ka Kicukiro, bushingiye ku nyandiko z’isaranganya zatangwaga n’ubwo buyobozi, ibyo bikaba bishimangira ko ubutaka buburanwa bwari bwarasaranganyijwe kabone n’ubwo abatangabuhamya Urukiko rwashingiyeho bavuga ko ubwo butaka butari gusaranganywa kandi Muchezo Andjelani adahari.

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[9] Avuga kandi ko icyo kimenyetso cy’icyemezo cyatanzwe n’Inzego z’Ibanze gishimangirwa n’umwanzuro wafashwe n’Ubuyobozi bw’Akagari ka Gako wo ku wa 16/08/2011 ku kibazo cyari hagati ya Muchezo Andjelani na Nzamurambaho Cécile, aho muri uwo mwanzuro Muchezo Andjelani yari yarareze Nzamurambaho Cécile ikiburanwa ari: “Kubohoza isambu akayigurisha igice,” maze Ubuyobozi bw’Akagari ka Gako mu rwego rwo gukiranura impande zombi bwanzura ko Muchezo Andjelani agumana igice gifite 30m/300m, kuko iyo sambu yasabaga gusubizwa yari yaratanzwe na Leta muri gahunda y’isaranganya. Ko ibyo bisobanuye ko mu gufata icyo cyemezo, Ubuyobozi bwari buzi neza ko iyo sambu iri mu zasaranganyijwe muri icyo gihe n’ubwo Muchezo Andjelani atari ahari muri icyo gihe cy’isaranganya, kandi akaba ntahagaragazwa ko utari ahari icyo gihe byabuzaga ko ubutaka bwe busaranganywa mu gihe byabaga bishoboka ko byakorwa, kandi ko Muchezo Andjelani yemeye uwo mwanzuro wafashwe icyo gihe anawushyiraho umukono. Ko basaba ko ibyo bimenyetso batanze bishingirwaho kuko bitigeze biteshwa agaciro. [10] Avuga na none ko ibyo gusaranganya icyo gihe byateganywaga n’ingingo ya 87 y’Itegeko ngenga N°08/2005 ryo ku wa 14/07/2005 ryagengaga imicungire n’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka mu Rwanda, aho yateganyaga ko “Isaranganya ry’amasambu ryakozwe kuva mu mwaka 1994 ryemewe n’iri Tegeko ngenga”, ibyo bikaba bisobanuye ko kuba byarakozwe muri ubwo butaka nk’uko bigaragazwa n’ibimenyetso byo mu nzego z’ibanze, bihagije kuba byari gushyingirwaho, aho gushingira ku mvugo z’abaturage bashobora kuba batanazi niba koko iryo saranganya ryarabayeho, ari na yo mpamvu Karamaga Camille waguze ubwo butaka nyuma yuko busaranganyijwe asaba kurenganurwa agasubizwa ubutaka bwe akomora ku wasaranganyijwe. [11] Uhagarariye Bucyana Gérard avuga ko bemeranya n’uwajuriye kuko basanga hari ibimenyetso Urukiko rwirengagije byatanzwe n’inzego z’Ibanze, birimo umwanzuro wo ku wa 16/08/20211 wafashwe n’izo nzego ku kibazo Muchezo yari yashyikirize Akagari ka Gako ari na ho ubwo butaka buherereye, aho bwemeje ko Muchezo Andjelani atwara igice cyasigaye kuri ubwo butaka bwasaranganyijwe, ndetse n’icyemezo cyo ku wa 20/05/2008 cyatanzwe n’Inzego z’ibanze zo mu Murenge wa Masaka hashingiwe ku mpapuro z’isaranganya, ariko Urukiko mu gufata icyemezo rugashingira ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya, kandi Muchezo Andjelani atarigeze azivuguruza, no kuba ubwo butaka bwari bwarasaranganyijwe Nzamurambaho Cécile nyina wa Bucyana Gérard, hanyuma uyu akaza kubugurisha, ariko ko kuba yarabugurishije nta kibazo umuryango ubifiteho. [12] Asobanura ko ikigaragaza ko umutungo wasaranganyijwe ari icyemezo cy’umutungo kuko mbere yo guhabwa icyemezo cy’umutungo ugaragaza aho wakomoye umutungo, kandi ko Bucyana yagaragarije ubuyobozi inyandiko z’isaranganya bubona kumuha icyo cyemezo cy’umutungo. Avuga ko nubwo Muchezo Andjelani atari ahari mu gihe cy’isaranganya ariko aho yagarukiye ubuyobozi bwamusobanuriye ko ubutaka bwe bwasaranganyijwe, ko agomba guhabwa igice gisigaye, arabyemera aranabisinyira. [13] Uhagarariye Muchezo Andjelani yiregura avuga ko iyi ngingo y’ubujurire nta shingiro ifite, kuko ku wa 31/03/2022, Urukiko Rukuru mu guca urubanza rwemeje ko ubutaka bufite

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UPI:1/03/08/03/2966 bwandukurwa kuri Karamaga Camile bukandikwa kuri Muchezo Andjelani, rushingiye ku bimenyetso rwagaragarijwe no ku buhamya bwatanzwe n’abatangabuhamya bigaragaza neza ko Muchezo Andjelani yatunze ubwo butaka kuva mu mwaka wa 1989, bikanagaragaza ko nta saranganya ryigeze rikorerwa kuri ubwo butaka. Karamaga Camile akaba atagaragaza ibimenyetso byemeza ko yabonye ubwo butaka mu buryo bukurikije amategeko, kuko kuba avuga ko yabuguze na Bucyana Gérard nawe utari nyiri ubutaka bituma ubugure bakoze buba imfabusa. [14] Avuga kandi ko ibimenyetso byanditswe n’abatangabuhamya byemeza ko Bucyana Gérard yagurishije ubwo butaka bumaze igihe buhingwa n’umubyeyi we Nzamurambaho Cécile, ko atari guhagararirwa n’umuhungu we ngo bagurishe ubutaka butari ubwabo, cyane ko na Bucyana Gérard mu nama ntegurarubanza yo mu Rukiko Rukuru yasobanuye ko ababyeyi be bahawe iyo sambu ngo bayicunge, hanyuma we akaza kuyigurisha abisabwe n’umubyeyi we Nzamurambaho Cécile, kubera ko yari amaze kuba umupfakazi akananirwa kuyicunga, nk’uko bigaragara ku rupapuro rwa gatatu rw’inyandikomvugo y’inama ntegurarubanza. Bityo ko Urukiko Rukuru rwasuzumye ibimenyetso byose rwashyikirijwe na Karamaga Camille, maze rugasanga nta saranganya ryigeze ribaho mu buryo bwateganywaga n’Itegeko, cyane ko nta kimenyetso na kimwe cy’isaranganya Karamaga Camille cyangwa Bucyana Gérard bigeze barugaragariza, ngo rube rwaracyirengagije. Kandi ko n’Itegeko rigenga imicungire y’ubutaka ritemera isaranganya ryakozwe mu buryo budakurikije amategeko. [15] Akomeza avuga ko ibyo uhagarariye Bucyana Gérard avuze nta shingiro byahabwa, kuko mu nama ntegurarubanza y’urubanza rujuririrwa Bucyana Gérard ubwe yivugiye ko ubwo butaka bwose bwa Muchezo Andjelani bwahawe ababyeyi be ngo babucunge, hanyuma Muchezo Andjelani yaramuka aje bakabumusubiza, ko kandi se amaze gupfa nyina yamuhamagaye akamubwira ko amaze kunanirwa guhinga iyo sambu yose, akamusaba ko ayigurisha ariko akaza kugurisha igice kimwe cyayo kuko ari cyo baboneye umukiliya, akanavuga ko Karamaga Camile atamuzi ko atigeze amugurisha, ko ahubwo yagurishije uwitwa Manassé. [16] Avuga na none ko inyandiko Karamaga Camille na Bucyana Gérard bashingiraho zitagaragaza ko ubutaka bwa Muchezo Andjelani bwasaranganyijwe, bityo ko ubujurire bwa Karamaga Camille nta shingiro bugomba guhabwa. [17] Ku wa 13/03/2023, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwakoze iperereza aho umutungo uburanwa uherereye rubaza abantu batandukanye, no ku Murenge wa Masaka, Ubuyobozi bwawo bubwira Urukiko ko nyuma yo kubona ibaruwa y’Urukiko burimo gukusanya amakuru, ko buzakora raporo bukayishyikiriza Urukiko bitarenze ku wa 20/03/2023, ariko ntibyakunda buyishyikiriza Urukiko ku wa 20/04/2023. [18] Raporo yakozwe n’Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge wa Masaka ku wa 20/04/2023, ikubiyemo ubuhamya bwatanzwe n’abantu babajijwe ku byo baba bazi ku kibazo cy’isangaranganya ry’ubutaka bwahoze ari ubwa Muchezo Andjelani. Mu bantu bane (4) babajijwe ku wa 06/04/2023, usibye umwe witwa Ukorukwishaka Placide wasubije ko nta makuru azi kuri iryo

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saranganya kuko yaje gutura Masaka mu mwaka wa 2017, batatu ari bo Uwinganye Jean Claude, Nteziryayo Dominique na Nduwayezu Grégoire, bose bahuriza ku kuba nta saranganya ryabaye kuko ryakorwaga nyiri ubutaka ahari, kandi icyo gihe Muchezo Andjelani nta wari uhari, kuko yari mu mahanga. Naho babiri babajijwe ku wa 14/04/2023, Mukeshimana Veneranda yavuze ko icyo azi kuri iyo sambu ari uko mbere ya Jenoside bavugaga ko yaguzwe n’umuzayirwa, ko nyuma ya jenoside yabonaga Nzamurambaho Cécile n’umugabo we Anaclet bajya kuyihinga, akumva nk’abanyarwanda bahungutse baba barayisaranganyijwe. Nsengimana Albert avuga ko Muchezo yasaranganyijwe isambu na Nzamurambaho Cécile ko kandi Muchezo yari ahari. [19] Mu iperereza ryakozwe n’uru Rukiko, ababuranyi barweretse aho baburana, bagaragaza ko igicye cy’ubutaka cyubatsemo amazu gifite ubuso bungana na 30 m kuri 300 m, Muchezo Andjelani yagisubijwe na Nzamurambaho Cécile, ko aho baburana ari ahatubatse naho hafite ubuso bungana na 30 m kuri 300 m. Muri iryo perereza Urukiko rwabajije abantu batandukanye baruha amakuru kubyo baba bazi ku bijyanye n’uburyo isaranganya ryakorwaga ndetse n’icyo baba bazi ku butaka buburanwa. Urukiko rukaba rugiye kwibutsa muri make ibyo ababajijwe bavuze kuri iki kibazo cyo kumenya niba ubutaka bwa Muchezo Andjelani bwarasaranganijwe. [20] Nzamurambaho Cécile, ari we bivugwa ko yaba yarasaranganyije na Muchezo Andjelani, avuga ko yahawe na Leta nk’uko yahaye n’abandi, ko atari azi ko ari aha Muchezo Andjelani, ko yagurishije igice kimwe, ko igihe Muchezo Andjelani yaje yamusubije igice yari ataragurisha, ko yari azi ko ikibazo cyarangiye. [21] Uwihanganye Jean Claude avuga ko hasaranganyaga abantu bahari, ko ubutaka bwa Muchezo Andjelani butasaranganyijwe kuko atari ahari. Nsengimana Albert avuga ko isaranganya ryakorwaga n’ubuyobozi, ko kandi hatangwaga inyandiko yerekana ko ubutaka bwasaranganyijwe. Mukeshimana Veneranda avuga ko basobanuriwe ko hari bagenzi babo bavuye hanze y’igihugu ko bagomba gusaranganya nabo ubutaka, ko mu isaranganya inyandiko yatangwaga mu gihe nyiri ubutaka adashaka gusaranganya, ko uwo basaranganyijwe nawe nta nyandiko yakozwe kuko nta kibazo cyigeze kiba hagati yabo. [22] Nteziryayo Dominique avuga ko mu isaranganya nyiri ubutaka yandikaga ko yemeye gusaranganya, ko kandi atazi niba ubutaka bwa Muchezo Andjelani bwarasaranganyijwe. Ikorukwishaka Placide avuga ko yigeze gucunga iyo sambu akajya ayihinga, ko igihe Muchezo Andjelani yaje, umuyobozi witwa Hitayezu yamubwiye ko bashakishije nyiri isambu baramubura bayiha uwitwa Trojene ngo ayicunge, kubera ko yari umupagasi arigendera. Nduwayezu Gregoire avuga ko mu isaranganya hatangwaga agapapuro kerekana ko ubutaka bwasaranganyijwe, ko kandi icyo azi ari uko ubwo butaka bwaguzwe na Muchezo Andjelani aza guhunga, bugenda buhingwa n’abantu batandukanye nyuma Muchezo aza kumenya ko ubwo butaka bwe bwanditse kuri Karamaga Camille.

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[23] Mu rubanza rujuririrwa, umutangabuhamya Amunazo Veronique avuga ko nta saranganya ryabaye ko ahubwo Nzamurambaho Cécile yari yarabohoje ubutaka bwa Muchezo Andjelani, abwiyandikaho, nyuma amusubiza igice kimwe, ikindi avuga ko azakimusubiza ariko birangira atakimuhaye ngo kuko yari yaragihaye uwitwa Manase. Umutangabuhamye Manase Francis, avuga ko Mudugudu yababwiye ko hasaranganyijwe, bivuze ko atari ahari. Umutangabuhamya Nduwayezu Gregoire wanabajijwe n’Umurenge, avuga ko isambu itigeze isaranganywa kuko nyirayo atari ahari. Uwinganye Jean Claude, wanabajijwe n’Umuboyozi bw’Umurenge, anabazwa n’uru Rukiko yavuze ko isambu itigeze isarangwanywa kuko nyirayo atari ahari. [24] Nyuma y’iperereza ryakozwe n’Urukiko ndetse na raporo yakozwe n’Umurenge wa Masaka, ababuranyi bahawe ijambo kugira ngo babivugeho, Me Munyangaju Damascene, avuga ko nubwo abenshi mu babajijwe bemeza ko isaranganya ritashoboka nyiri isambu adahari, ariko hari n’abavuze ko ryashobora gukorwa nyiri ubutaka adahari, akaba asanga bitari ngombwa ko ahaba, kuko hasaranganywaga ubutaka, ko kandi ari nako byagenze muri uru rubanza. Avuga ko Urukiko rwazahuza ibyavuye muri raporo y’iperereza n’ibimenyetso byatanzwe hanyuma rufate umwanzuro. [25] Me Rukundo Réné avuga ko muri raporo y’iperereza Urukiko rwakoze, Nzamurambaho Cécile, nyina wa Bucyana Gérard, yivugiye ko nta saranganya ryabayeho, ahubwo ko yahawe ubutaka bwose na Leta, nyuma agurisha igice kimwe, ko iyajya kumenya ko ari aha Muchezo Andjelani atari ku kigurisha. Avuga ko no muri raporo y’Umurenge wa Masaka abenshi bemeje ko iyo isambu itigeze isaranganywa. Ibyo bikaba bishimangira ibyo Muchezo Andjelani avuga ko isambu itigeze isaranganywa. [26] Me Habineza Gasore Gilbert avuga ko amakuru Urukiko rwabonye ahura n’ibikubiye muri raporo y’Umurenge, ko hari abavuze ko isaranganya ritabayeho, ariko hari n’abavuze ko ryabayeho, harimo Nsengimana Albert na Mukeshimana Veneranda bavuga ko muri rusange kariya gace kasaranganyijwe, akaba ari nta mwihariko wabayeho ku isambu yari iya Muchezo. Ku byo Nzamurambaho Cécile yivugiye ko ubutaka bwose yabuhawe na Leta, avuga ko bishoboka ko ari imvugo y’umukecuru, ko ariko byahuzwa n’ibindi bimenyetso bagaragaje birimo icyemezo cy’umutungo ndetse n’umwanzuro w’Akagari bigaragaza ko habayeho isaranganya. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [27] Impaka kuri Iyi ngingo y’ubujurire zishingiye ku kumenya niba hari ibimenyetso byerekana ko ubutaka bwa Muchezo Andjelani bwasaranganyijwe. [28] Ku bijyanye no kumenya ko ubutaka bwari ubwa Muchezo Andjelani, Urukiko rurasanga nta mpaka zihari, kuko impande ziburana zibyemeranywaho. Ikibazo kigomba gusuzumwa akaba ari icyo kumenya niba ubwo butaka bwarasaranyijwe. Mu rwego rwo kugikemura, Urukiko rurasuzuma ibimenyetso byatanzwe n’ababuranyi n’ibyavuye mu iperereza rwakoze ndetse n’ibikubiye muri raporo yakozwe n’Ubuyobozi bw’uwo Murenge.

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[29] Ingingo ya 12, igika cya 1, y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ibikurikira : “Urega agomba kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’ibyo aregera. Iyo abibuze, uwarezwe aratsinda.” [30] Nk’uko byagaragajwe haruguru Karamaga Camille mu bujurire bwe ashingira ku cyemezo cy’umutungo cyo ku wa 20/05/2008, Bucyana Gérard yahawe n’Ubuyobozi bw’inzego z’ibanze, no ku mwanzuro wafashwe n’Ubuyobozi bw’Akagari ka Gako wo ku wa 16/08/2011 hanyuma akavuga ko ubutaka Bucyana Gérard yamugurishije ahagarariye nyina Nzamurambaho Cécile yari yarabusaranganyijwe ; ibyo ni nabyo Bucyana Gérard ashingiraho. Naho Muchezo Andjelani avuga ko ibimenyetso Karamaga Camille atanga bitagaragaza ko ubutaka bwe bwasaranganijwe, kandi ari we ufite inshingano yo kubigaragaza ; no kuba abatangabuhamya bose babajijwe, ntawigeze yemeza ko ubwo butaka bwasaranganijwe. [31] Ku bijyanye n’icyemezo cy’umutungo cyo ku wa 20/05/2008, Bucyana Gérard yahawe n’Ubuyobozi bw’inzego z’ibanze. Icyo cyemezo kigaragaza ko Bucyana Gérard mwene Bucyana Anaclet na Nzamurambaho Cécile, ufite irangamuntu 13376, utuye mu Mudugudu wa Rebero, Akagari ka Gako, Umurenge wa Masaka, Akarere ka Kicukiro, mu Mujyi wa Kigali afite ikibanza cya 30X300m yagabanye, ko bigaragazwa n’impapuro z’isaranganya. Urukiko rurasanga usibye kuba icyo cyemezo ari kopi, atari umwimerere, nta nubwo kigaragaza ko ubutaka bwa Muchezo Andjelani bwasaranganyijwe, cyane ko cyerekana ko Bucyana Gérard afite ikibanza yagabanye, bikaba bitandukanye n’ibyo Karamaga Camille avuga ko ubutaka yaguze ari ubwo Nzamurambaho Cécile yasaranganyijwe. Ikindi kandi nta nubwo kigaragaza ko Bucyana Gérard yagabanye na Muchezo Andjelani. [32] Urukiko rurasanga indi mpamvu ituma icyo cyemezo kitashingirwaho hemezwa ko ubutaka bwa Muchezo Andjelani bwasaranganyijwe ni uko Ubuyobozi bw’Umurenge wa Masaka bwagaragaje ko bwagitanze bushingiye ku mpapuro z’isaranganya ariko yaba Bucyana Gérard cyangwa nyina Nzamurambaho Cécile ntabwo babashije kugaragaza izo mpapuro zerekana ko basaranyijwe ubwo butaka bwa Muchezo Andjelani, ndetse n’abatangabuhamya babajijwe mu Rukiko Rukuru, hamwe n’abo Urukiko rwabajije mu iperereza nta numwe wemeje ko ubwo butaka bwasaranganyijwe. Byongeye kandi, ubwo Urukiko rwabazaga Ubuyobozi bw’Umerenge wa Masaka, ibimenyetso bwashingiyeho butanga icyo icyemezo, ntabwo bwashoboye kubibona, ahubwo nabwo bwagiye kubaza abo Urukiko rwabajije mu iperereza rwakoze, byumvikana ko n’Ubuyobozi bw’Umurenge wa Masaka nta kimenyetso bufite cyerekana ko ubutaka bwa Muchezo bwasaranganyijwe koko, bityo icyemezo bwahaye Bucyana Gérard ntabwo cyerekana ko ubutaka bwa Muchezo Andjelani bwasaranganyijwe mu gihe nta mpapuro z’isaranganya ibyo byemezo byaba byarashingiweho zigaragazwa n’ababitanze. [33] Ku bijyanye n’umwanzuro wafashwe n’Akagari ka Gako ku kibazo cya Muchezo Andjelani na Nzamurambaho Cécile ku wa 16/08/2011. Uwo mwanzuro ugaragaza ko umuhungu wa

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Nzamurambaho Cécile witwa Gasasira ari nawe wari umuhagarariye yasobanuye ko nyina yahawe ubwo butaka na Leta mu gihe cy’isaranganya, hanyuma ubuyobozi bw’Akagari bwemeza ko igice cy’isambu cyari gisigaye Nzamurambaho Cécile yibarujeho mu ibarura ry’ubutaka gifite 30/300m gihabwa Muchezo Andjelani hanyuma ahagurishijwe uwahaguze akahagumana kuko Cécile yahagurishije ari umugabane yahawe na Leta mu isaranganya. Urukiko rurasanga uyu mwanzuro atari ikimenyetso cyerekana ko Muchezo Andjelani yemera ko habaye isaranganya, ahubwo nk’uko byibukijwe haruguru, ubwo yari agarutse yasanze ubutaka bwe bwose bwaragiye, kuko igice kimwe cyari cyaragurishijwe, ikindi kirimo Nzamurambaho Cécile, Ubuyobozi bw’Akagari ka Gako bwemeza ko Muchezo Andjelani afata ahasigaye, kuko ahandi hagurishijwe. [34] Urukiko rusesenguye uwo mwanzuro w’Akagari ka Gako rusanga ahubwo wemeza ko nta saranganya ryabayeho, kuko nta kuntu ryari kuba ryabayeho ngo Nzamurambaho Cécile agire aho asigarana n’aho agurisha. Byongeye kandi ntabwo isaranganya ryakozwe n’Ubuyobozi bw’Akagari, kuko kuri iyo tariki bwakemuraga amakimbirane yari hagati ya Nzamurambaho Cécile na Muchezo Andjelani. Urukiko rurasanga na none nubwo muri uwo mwanzuro ubuyobozi bw’Akagari ka Gako bwemeje ko ahandi hamaze gusaranganywa, ariko ntaho bwashingiye hagaragaza koko ubutaka bwa Muchezo Andjelani bwasaranganyijwe [35] Urukiko rurasanga indi mpamvu igaragaza ko uwo mwanzuro w’Akagari ka Gako utagaragaza ko ubwo butakaba bwasanganyijwe ari uko Nzamurambaho Cécile yagurishije igice kimwe cyabwo hanyuma ikindi acyibaruzaho, bivuze ko yafashe ubwo butaka bwose nk’uko yanabyivugiye mu gihe yabazwaga n’Urukiko mu iperereza rwakoze, bityo uyu mwanzuro si ikimenyetso cyerekana ko ubutaka bwa Muchezo Andjelani bwasanganyijwe. Urukiko rurasanga mu gihe rero nta kigaragaza ko ubwo butaka bwasaranganijwe, nta mpamvu atabukirikirana mu maboko yababufite bose (droit de suite). [36] Ku bijyanye n’imvugo za Mukeshimana Veneranda abazwa n’Urukiko ku wa 13/03/2023 yavuze ko basobanuriwe ko hari bagenzi babo bavuye hanze y’igihugu ko bagomba gusaranganya nabo ubutaka, ko mu isaranganya inyandiko yatangwaga mu gihe nyiri ubutaka adashaka gusaranganya, ko uwo basaranganyijwe nawe nta nyandiko yakozwe kuko nta kibazo cyigeze kiba hagati yabo; abazwa n’Umurenge ku wa 14/04/2023 yavuze ko icyo azi kuri iyo sambu ari uko mbere ya Jenoside bavugaga ko yaguzwe n’umuzayirwa, ko nyuma ya Jenoside yabonaga Nzamurambaho Cécile n’umugabo we Anaclet bajyaga kuyihinga, akumva nk’abanyarwanda bahungutse baba barayisaranganyijwe.Kuba rero ubwo yabazwaga n’Urukiko atarabashije kugaragaza ko iyo sambu yasaranganyijwe ariko ubwo yabazwaga n’Umurenge akavuga ko yumvaga ko bayisaranganyijwe, Urukiko rurasanga ibyo avuga akeka ko yumvaga ko yasaranganyijwe nabyo bitashingirwaho hemezwa ko yasaranganijwe. Kuri Nsengimana Albert abazwa n’Urukiko yavuze ko isaranganya ryakorwaga n’ubuyobozi, ko kandi hatangwaga inyandiko yerekana ko ubutaka bwasaranganyijwe, abazwa n’Umurenge ku wa 14/04/2023, yavuze ko Muchezo yasaranganyijwe isambu na Nzamurambaho Cécile ko kandi Muchezo yari ahari, kuba rero ubwo yabazwaga n’Urukiko atarabashije kugaragaza ko isambu ya Muchezo yasaranganyijwe ariko yabazwa n’Umurenge akavuga

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ko yasanganyijwe kandi Muchezo yari ahari, Urukiko rurasanga ibyo avuga nta gaciro byahabwa kuko binavuguruzanya n’ibyo ababuranyi ndetse n’abandi batangabuhamya babajijwe muri uru rubanza bavuga ko igihe isaranganya ryakorwaga Muchezo atari ahari, bityo imvugo ze ntizashingirwaho muri uru banza hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 65 y’Itegeko N° 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo.1 [37] Urukiko rurasanga ari ababajijwe n’Urukiko mu iperereza rwakoze, ari n’ababajijwe n’Umurenge wa Masaka, ndetse n’abatangabuhamya babajijjwe mu rubanza rujuririrwa, bose bahuriza hamwe ko ubutaka bwa Muchezo Andjelani butigeze busaranganywa. [38] Urukiko rurasanga na Nzamurambaho Cécile, nyina wa Bucyana Gérard wagurishije Karamaga Camille ahaburanwa, yivugira ko ubutaka bwose yabuhawe na Leta, noneho igice kimwe aba ari cyo agurisha. Urukiko rurasanga kuba nyiri ubwite yivugira ko ubutaka bwose yabuhawe na Leta, nubwo hari abavuga ko yabubohoje, bivuze ko nawe yemera ko ubutaka bwa Muchezo Andjelani butasaranganyijwe, bityo rero ibivugwa n’ababuranira Karamaga Camille ndetse na Bucyana Gérard ko ubutaka bwasaranganyijwe nta shingiro bigomba guhabwa. [39] Urikiko rurasanga ibyo abahagarariye Karamaga Camille na Bucyana Gérard bavuga ko hari ababajijwe bagaragaje ko isanganya ritakorwaga ku bantu bahari gusa, ko kandi hari abemeje ko hari hantu habaye isaranganya, Urukiko rurasanga nta shingiro byahabwa kuko nk’uko byagaragajwe haruguru nta kigaragaza ko ubutaka bwa Muchezo Andjelani bwasaranganyijwe kandi imvugo za Nsengimana Albert na Mukeshimana Veneranda nta gaciro zahawe kuko ibyo bavuze mu gihe babazwaga n’Urukiko bitandukanye n’ibyo bavuze mu gihe babazwaga n’Umurenge wa Masaka. [40] Hashingiwe ku bisobanuro bimaze gutangwa, Urukiko rurasanga nk’uko Urukiko Rukuru rwabyemeje, nta kigaragaza ko ubutaka bwa Muchezo Andjelani bwasaranganyijwe, bityo ubujurire bwa Karamaga Camille nta shingiro bufite. Kumenya niba amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka asabwa muri uru rubanza afite ishingiro [41] Uhagarariye Karamaga Camille ashingiye ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 111 y’itegeko N°22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 34 y’Amabwiriza n°01/2014 agena ibihembo mbonera by’abavoka, asaba uru Rukiko gutegeka Muchezo Andjelani guha Karamaga Camille 5.000.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka kuva ku rwego rwa mbere kugeza kuri uru rwego rw’ubujurire, akaba akubiyemo 1.000.000Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka kuri uru rwego na 4.000.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza yo ku rwego rubanza kugera kuri uru rwego. 1 Urukiko ni rwo rwonyine rupima ko imikirize y’abatangabuhamya ihuye n’ikiburanwa, ifite ingingozikiranuye kandi ikaba ikwiye kwemerwa cyangwa guhakanwa. Ntirwitsitsa ku mubare w’abatangabuhamya. Rwita cyane cyane ku bumenyi bwabo bw’ibyabaye, no ku buryo babivuga ukobyagenze nta cyo bihimbira.

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[42] Uhagarariye Muchezo Andjelani yiregura avuga ko amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka Karamaga Camille asaba adakwiye kuyahabwa, ko ahubwo ari Muchezo Andjelani ukwiye kuyahabwa. Ashingiye ku ngingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N°22/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru asaba 2.000.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza na 1.000.000Frw y'igihembo cya Avoka kuri uru rwego rw’ubujurire. [43] Uhagarariye Karamaga Camille yiregura ku mafaranga y’ikurikiranaruba nza n’igihembo cya Avoka Muchezo Andjelani asaba avuga ko nta shingiro afite, kuko ari we wabaye nyirabayazana w’uru rubanza. [44] Uhagarariye Bucyana Gérard avuga ko asanga Muchezo Andjelani ari we wabaye nyirabayazana w’izi manza, bityo ko akwiye gutegekwa kumwishyura 1.000.000Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka, ndetse 500, 000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanz a, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 111 y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 yavuzwe haruguru no ku ngingo ya 34 y’Amabwiriza n°01/2014 agena ibihembo mbonera by’Abavoka. [45] Uhagarariye Muchezo Andjelani yiregura ku mafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ikurikiranarubanza Bucyana Gérard asaba avuga ko nta shingiro yahabwa, kubera ko ari we wabaye nyirabayazana w’ibi bibazo byose. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [46] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 28/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishiriz e y’imanza mbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ibikurikira : “Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe”. [47] Urukiko rurasanga amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka, Karamaga Camille na Bucyana Gérard basaba Muchezo Andjelani batagomba kuyahabwa kuko ubujrire bwa Karamaga Camille nta shingiro bufite. [48] Urukiko rurasanga amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka Muchezo Andjelani asaba afite ishingiro, ariko ayo asaba ni menshi harebwe ibyakozwe ku rubanza, bityo mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko, rumugeneye 500.000Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 200.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza agomba gutangwa na Karamaga Camille, kuri uru rwego. Yiyongera kuri 100.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza na 500.000Frw y’igihembo cy’Avoka yagenewe mu rubanza rujuririrwa, yose hamwe akaba 1.300.000Frw. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO

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[49] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Karamaga Camille nta shingiro bufite. [50] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bwatanzwe na Muchezo Andjelani bufite ishingiro [51] Rwemeje ko imikirize y‘urubanza RCA00076/2021/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 31/03/2022 igumyeho. [52] Rutegetse ko ubutaka bufite UPI: 1/03/08/03/2965 n’ubutaka bufite UPI: 1/03/08/03/2966 bwandukurwa kuri Karamaga Camille bukandikwa kuri Muchezo Andjelani. [53] Rutegetse Karamaga Camille kwishyura Muchezo Andjelani 500.000Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 200.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza, kuri uru rwego yiyongera kuri 600.000Frw yagenewe mu rubanza rujuririrwa, yose hamwe akaba 1.300.000Frw [54] Ruvuze ko amagarama yatanzwe ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza.