UBUSHINJACYAHA v. KARIKUMUTIMA

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v. KARIKUMUTIMA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-05-22 - Case/document no.: RPAA00648/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v. KARIKUMUTIMA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA00648/2024/CA (Kaliwabo, P.J.) 22 Gicurasi 2025] Amategeko agenga imanza nshinjabyaha – Igabanyagihano – Gusaba kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano – Ntawasaba kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano mu gihe mu Rukiko rubanza yagabanyirijwe bihagije ndetse agahabwa igihano gikwiranye n’icyaha yakoze. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ubwo yari muri “gare routière” yo mu Murenge wa Gisenyi mu Karere ka Rubavu, Karikumutima yafatanwe ibahasha irimo udupfunyika mirongo icyenda n’umunani (98), yari yahishe mu mutwaro w’ibirayi yari agiye kwohereza i Kigali mu modoka itwara abagenzi ya RITCO, yisobanura avuga ko urwo rumogi rwazanwe mu rugo n’umuhungu we Ikingeneye. Aba bombi bashyikirijwe Ubushinjacyaha bubarega mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu, bubakurikiranyeho icyaha cyo gutunda ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, bubasabira ko bahamwa n’icyo cyaha bagahanishwa igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu y’amafaranga miliyoni mirongo itatu kuri buri wese. Karikumutima yaburanye asaba guhanirwa icyaha cyo gufatanwa ibiyobyabwenge, naho Ikingeneye asaba kurenganurwa kuko nta cyaha yakoze. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko Karikumutima ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gutunda ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 20 n’ihazabu y’amafaranga 20.000.000; naho Ikingeneye rumugira umwere ku cyaha ashinjwa. Iki cyemezo Karikumutima yakijuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru, urugereko rwa Musanze, avuga ko yahanishijwe igihano kiremereye nyamara yaraburanye yemera icyaha, asaba ko yagabanyirizwa ibihano agahanishwa igihano cyoroheje. Ubushinjacyaha bwasubije ubu bujurire busaba Urukiko kumugabanyiriza igihano kuko yaburanye adahakana ko ari we wafatanwe urumogi arwohereza i Kigali. Urukiko Rukuru rwasuzumye ubujurire bw’Uregwa rusanga nta kosa ryakozwe mu rubanza rujuririrwa mu guhamya Uregwa icyaha cyo gutunda ibiyobyabwenge, ariko rumugabanyiriza igihano kuko bwari ubwa mbere aguye mu cyaha, rumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu y’amafaranga miliyoni eshanu. Uregwa yajuriye bwa kabiri muri uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire avuga ko agamije gutakambira Urukiko arusaba kumugabanyiriza ibihano kuko ibyo yahawe bikabije kuremera. Asobanura ko aburana yemera icyaha, akaba ari ubwa mbere aguye mu cyaha, ndetse akaba afite umuryango agomba kujya kwitaho no kuba yararangije kugororoka bihagije. Ubushinjacyaha bwavuze ko ubu bujurire bwa kabiri bw’Uregwa nta shingiro bufite kuko igabanyagihano asaba yamaze kurihabwa ku buryo buhagije, bityo ko ntacyo anenga urubanza rujuririrwa. Incamake y’icyemezo: Ntawasaba kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano mu gihe mu Rukiko rubanza yagabanyirijwe bihagije ndetse agahabwa igihano gikwiranye n’icyaha yakoze. Bityo, Karikumutima ntiyakongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano yahawe, kuko mu rubanza ajuririra yahanishijwe igihano gito ntarengwa kidashobora kugabanywa ukundi ku cyaha cyo gutunda ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye yahamijwe. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ingingo ya 2.

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Itegeko N° 69/2019 ryo kuwa 08/11/2019 rihindura itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ingingo ya 11. Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza nshinjabyaha, ingingo ya 183. Nta manza zifashishijwe. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku wa 02/12/2022 Karikumutima Aminat ari muri “gare routière” ya Rubavu iherereye mu Mudugudu w’Amajyambere, Akagari ka Mbugangari, Umurenge wa Gisenyi mu Karere ka Rubavu, yafatanwe ibahasha irimo udupfunyika mirongo cyenda n’umunani (98 boules) tw’urumogi yari yahishe mu mutwaro w’ibirayi yari agiye kwohereza iKigali mu modoka itwara abagenzi ya RITCO, yisobanura avuga ko urwo rumogi rwazanwe mu rugo n’umuhungu we Ikingeneye Mustakim atwawe n’umumotari. [2] Ubushinjacyaha bwabakurikiranye bombi, bubaregera Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu bubarega icyaha cyo gutunda ibiyobyabwenge (urumogi), busaba ko bahanishwa igifungo cya burundu no gutanga ihazabu y’amafaranga miliyoni mirongo itatu (30.000.000Frw) kuri buri wese. Karikumutima Aminat yaburanye asaba guhanirwa icyaha cyo gufatanwa ibiyobyabwenge naho Ikingeneye Mustakim asaba kurenganurwa kuko nta cyaha yakoze. [3] Mu rubanza RP00906/2022/TGI/RBV rwaciwe ku wa 30/12/2022, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu, rushingiye ku mvugo za Karikumutima Aminat wemera ko yafatanywe udupfunyika 98 tw’urumogi arujyanye ku modoka itwara abagenzi bajya iKigali, no ku nyandiko-mvugo y’ifatira ry’urumogi yashyizeho umukono, rwemeje ko Karikumutima Aminat ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gutunda ibiyobyabwenge byo mubwoko bw’urumogi, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 20 n’ihazabu y’amafaranga 20.000.000; naho Ikingeneye Mustakim rumugira umwere ku cyaha ashinjwa. [4] Karikumutima Aminat yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze anenga Urukiko Rwisumbuye ko rwamuhanishije igihano kiremereye kandi yaraburanye yemera icyaha, ko yasobanuye ko urumogi yafatanwe rutari urwe ariko ntibihabwe agaciro, asaba ko yagabanyirizwa ibihano agahanishwa igihano cyoroheje, kuko yaguye mu cyaha abitewe n’ubujiji. [5] Ubushinjacyaha bwasubije buvuga ko icyaha Karikumutima Aminat yahaniwe ari we wagikoze kandi ko adahakana ko ari we wafatanwe urumogi arwohereza iKigali, ko ariko ku birebana n’ibihano ntacyabuza Urukiko kumugabanyiriza hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 2 y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, akaba yahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000Frw. [6] Mu rubanza RPA00069/2023/HC/MUS rwaciwe kuwa 27/06/2024, Urukiko Rukuru rumaze kumva imiburanire y’impande zombi, rwasanze nta kosa ryakozwe n’Urukiko mu guhamya Karikumutima icyaha cyo gutunda ibiyobyabwenge, ariko kuba ari ubwa mbere aguye mu cyaha, uyu akwiye kugabanyirizwa ibihano bihagije, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu y’amafaranga miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000Frw).

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[7] Karikumutima Aminat yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kuri RPAA00648/2024/CA, ruburanishwa mu ruhame kuwa 8/5/2025 yunganiwe na Me Mukansanga Amina Gisèle naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Bunyoye Grâce, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [8] Karikumutima Aminat yajuririye Urukiko rw’ubujurire avuga ko agamije gutakambira Urukiko arusaba kumugabanyiriza ibihano kuko ibyo yahawe bikabije kuremera. [9] Ubushinjacyaha bwasubije buvuga ko Karikumutima Aminat yahawe ibihano bito ntarengwa bityo ko ibyo asaba yamaze kubihabwa. [10] Urukiko rurasuzuma ubuasabe bwa Karikumutima Aminat bwo kugabanyirizwa ibihano. II. ISESENGURA RY’ IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA Kumenya niba Karikumutima Aminat yarahanishijwe ibihano bihanitse ku buryo yakwongera kugabanyirizwa [11] Karikumutima Aminat mu mwanzuro we avuga ko yajuririye Urukiko rw’ubujurire agamije gutakambira urukiko arusaba kumugabanyiriza ibihano kuko aburana yemera icyaha, kuba ari ubwa mbere aguye mu cyaha, kuba afite umuryango agomba kujya kwitaho no kuba yararangije kugororoka bihagije. Me Mukansanga Amina Gisèle wamwunganiye mu iburanisha avuga ko ushinjwa yahanishijwe ibihano bito biteganyirizwa icyaha ashinjwa nk’uko biteganywa mu ngingo ya 2 (a)na (d) y’Itegeko N° 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange ariko ko nta cyabuza Urukiko gusuzuma icyifuzo cy’uwajuriye. [12] Ubushinjacyaha bwasubije buvuga ko ubujurire bwa Karikumutima Aminat nta shingiro bufite kuko igabanyagihano asaba yamaze kurihabwa ku buryo buhagije bityo ko ntacyo anenga urubanza rujuririrwa kandi aribyo asabwa mu ngingo ya 183 y’Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza nshinjabyaha, iteganya ko ujurira agaragaza icyo anenga urubanza ajuririra akanabitangira ibimenyetso kugirango bikosorwe. Busaba urukiko guhamishaho imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe mu ngingo zarwo zose. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [13] Impaka muri uru rubanza zishingiye ku kumenya niba Karikumutima Aminat ashobora kwongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano. [14] Icyaha cyo kugurisha ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, Karikumutima Aminat yahamijwe kandi nawe yemera, gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu itari munsi y’amafaranga 20.000.000 ariko idashobora kurenga amafaranga 30.000.000, hashingiwe ku biteganywa mu ngingo ya 11 y’Itegeko N° 69/2019 ryo kuwa 08/11/2019 rihindura itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. [15] Ingingo ya 2 y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange iteganya ko iyo umucamanza yemeje impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ashobora kugabanya igihano ku buryo bukurikira: …(a) igifungo cya burundu gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 naho mu gace ka (d) iyi ngingo ikavuga ko, mu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, igihano cy’ihazabu gishobora kugabanywa kugeza kuri ¼ cy’ihazabu ntoya yateganirijwe icyaha cyakozwe.

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[16] Karikumutima Aminat, mu rubanza RPA00069/2023/HC/MUS, rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze ku wa 27/06/2024 yagabanyirijwe igihano kugeza ku gifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000Frw ku cyaha cyo gutunda ibiyobyabwenge, iri gabanyagihano rikaba ryarashingiye ku ngingo ya 2 y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. [17] Urukiko rurasanga, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 2 (a) y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryavuzwe mu gika kibanziriza iki, kuba Urukiko Rukuru rwaragabanyirije igihano Karikumutima Aminat kugeza ku gifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000Frw, nta kosa rwakoze kuko iki aricyo gihano gito ntarengwa kidashobora kugabanywa ukundi ku cyaha cyo gutunda ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye ushinjwa yahamijwe. [18] Urukiko rurasanga, hakurikijwe ingingo ya 11 y’Itegeko N° 69/2019 ryo kuwa 08/11/2019 ryavuzwe haruguru kimwe n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 2 y’ y’Itegeko N° 059/2023 ryo kuwa 04/12/2023 naryo ryavuzwe, Karikumutima Aminat yarahanishijwe ibihano bito bishoboka ku cyaha ashinjwa cyo gutunda ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye, bityo urubanza yajuririye, rukaba ntakosa rwakoze rikeneye gukosorwa, ahubwo akaba agomba kugumishwa ku gifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000Frw yahanishijwe. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [19] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Karikumutima Aminat nta shingiro bufite. [20] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza RPA00069/2023/HC/MUS rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze kuwa 27/06/2024, igumyeho mu ngingo zarwo zose. [21] Rwemeje ko Karikumutima Aminat ahamishijwe ku gihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15ans) no gutanga ihazabu y’amafaranga miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000Frw) kubw’icyaha cyo gutunda ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi kimuhama. [22] Rutegetse ko Karikumutima Aminat asonerwa amagarama y'urubanza kuko yaburanye afunzwe.