KAYIRANGWA v. MUKARUSHAKIRO N’ABANDI

# KAYIRANGWA v. MUKARUSHAKIRO N’ABANDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-10-17 - Case/document no.: RCAA 00004/2025/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

## Text

## Page 1

KAYIRANGWA v. MUKARUSHAKIRO N’ABANDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RCAA 00004/2025/CA (Kamere, P.J.,) 17 Ukwakira 2025] Amategeko agenga ububasha bw’inkiko – Inzitizi – Ububasha bw’Urukiko – Gutsindwa ku mpamvu zimwe – Mu gusuzuma niba umuburanyi yaratsinzwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, harebwa icyaburanwaga n’imitekerereze ya buri Rukiko (raisonnement juridique) mu kugaragaza impamvu zashingiweho kugira ngo rugere ku cyemezo rwafashe, hitawe ku kureba niba ku ngingo zaburanywe mbere zikanagarukwaho mu bujurire inkiko zombi zarazisubijeho mu buryo bumwe. Incamake y’ikibazo: Mukangezi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose bavuga ko umubyeyi wabo Bagenzi Jean yapfuye mu mwaka wa 1994, asiga bakiri bato, aho bakuriye baza kumenya ko Kayirangwa Immaculée atunze ubutaka Se ubabyara yasize kandi ko yasenye inyubako zari zihari akabufatanya n'ubutaka bwe, ubwo butaka bwose bukaba ubu bubaruye kuri UPI:1/03/09/03/10, igice cyari ubutaka bwa se kikaba cyubatsweho Sitasiyo ya essence ya ENGEN. Nyuma yaho, Mukangezi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose bareze Kayirangwa Immaculée mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, barusaba kumutegeka kubasubiza umutungo w’umubyeyi wabo ufite agaciro ka 99.981.000Frw atunze mu buryo bunyuranyije n'amategeko bakawugiraho uburenganzira, banasaba indishyi zinyuranye. Kayirangwa Immaculée yatanze inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego avuga ko abareze batagaragaje ingano y’ubutaka baregera n’ibimenyetso, no kuba baramureze atari we bagombaga kurega ahubwo baragombaga kurega musaza wabo witwa Bagenzi Théogène kuko bavugaga ko ari we wagurishije ubwo butaka. Ku birebana n’indishyi zasabwe n’abareze, Kayirangwa Immaculée avuga ko ntazo bakwiye guhabwa, ko ahubwo ari bo bakwiye gutegekwa kuzimuha. Muri urwo rubanza kandi hagobokeshejwemo Bagenzi Théogène. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwaciye urubanza maze rwemeza ko ikirego cyatanzwe na Mukarushakiro Gloriose ndetse na Mukangezi Céline gifite ishingiro, bityo ko ku butaka bufite UPI: 1/03/09/03/10 hagomba kuvaho ubuso bungana na 1587 m2 hanyuma bugahabwa abazungura ba Bagenzi Jean abanje gukuraho 1/3 nk’umugabane wa Bagenzi Théogène. Kayirangwa Immaculée, Mukangezi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose bose bajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko Rukuru, maze rwemeza ko ubujurire bwa Kayirangwa Immaculée budafite ishingiro, bityo ko urubanza rwajuririwe rudahindutse. Kayirangwa Immaculée yajuririye nanone mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, ariko abareze batanga inzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, ishingiye ku kuba Kayirangwa Immaculée yarajuriye bwa kabiri kandi yaratsinzwe hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje, bityo basaba ko ubujurire bwe butakirwa.

## Page 2

Incamake y’icyemezo: Mu gusuzuma niba umuburanyi yaratsinzwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, harebwa icyaburanwaga n’imitekerereze ya buri Rukiko (raisonnement juridique) mu kugaragaza impamvu zashingiweho kugira ngo rugere ku cyemezo rwafashe, hitawe ku kureba niba ku ngingo zaburanywe mbere zikanagarukwaho mu bujurire inkiko zombi zarazisubijeho mu buryo bumwe. Inzitizi y’iburabubasha ifite ishingiro. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena Ububasha bw’Inkiko, ingingo ya 52. Imanza zifashishijwe:

Urubanza RCOMAA 0051/14/CS rwa RRA na SECAM Ltd, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 04/12/2015 n’igika cya 21 cy’urubanza;

Urubanza RCOMAA 0038/16/CS - RCOMAA 0033/2016/SC rwa Bank of Kigali Plc na MULISA KANA Martin; rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 21/04/2017;

Urubanza RS/INJUST/RCOM 00002/2020/SC, rwa Road Solution Pavement Product Ltd na MAILCO Ltd, igika cya 24. rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 25/09/2020.

Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y′URUBANZA [1] Mukangezi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose bavuga ko umubyeyi wabo Bagenzi Jean yapfuye mu mwaka wa 1994, asiga bakiri bato, aho bakuriye baza kumenya ko Kayirangwa Immaculée atunze ubutaka se yasize kandi ko yasenye inyubako zari zihari akabufatanya n'ubutaka bwe, ubwo butaka bwose bukaba ubu bubaruye kuri UPI:1/03/09/03/10, igice cyari ubutaka bwa se kikaba cyubatsweho Sitasiyo ya essence ya ENGEN. [2] Mukangezi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose bareze Kayirangwa Immaculée mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, barusaba kumutegeka kubasubiza umutungo w'umubyeyi wabo ufite agaciro ka 99.981.000Frw atunze mu buryo bunyuranyije n'amategeko bakawugiraho uburenganzira, banasaba indishyi zinyuranye. [3] Kayirangwa Immaculée yatanze inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego ngo kuko abareze batagaragaje ingano y’ubutaka baregera n’ibimenyetso, no kuba baramureze atari we bagombaga kurega ahubwo baragombaga kurega musaza wabo witwa Bagenzi Théogène bavugaga ko ari we wagurishije ubwo butaka. Ku birebana n’indishyi Mukangezi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose basaba, Kayirangwa Immaculée avuga ko ntazo bakwiye guhabwa, ko ahubwo ari bo bakwiye gutegekwa kuzimuha. Muri urwo rubanza kandi hagobokeshejwemo Bagenzi Théogène.

## Page 3

[4] Ku wa 18/04/2024, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwaciye urubanza RC 00496/2022/TGI/NYGE, rwemeza ko ikirego cyatanzwe na Mukarushakiro Gloriose ndetse na Mukangezi Céline gifite ishingiro, ko ku butaka bufite UPI: 1/03/09/03/10 hagomba kuvaho ubuso bungana na 1587 m2 hanyuma bugahabwa abazungura ba Bagenzi Jean abanje gukuraho 1/3 nk’umugabane wa Bagenzi Théogène, ko Bagenzi Théogène yishyura Kayirangwa Immaculée amafaranga angana na 66.654.000 Frw, ko Kayirangwa Immaculée yishyura Mukangezi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose amafaranga 500.000 Frw akubiyemo indishyi z’ikurikirarubanza ndetse n’igihembo cya Avoka, ko Kayirangwa Immaculée asubiza Mukangezi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose amafaranga 20.000 Frw y’ingwate y’igarama batanze barega. [5] Kayirangwa Immaculée, Mukangezi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose bose bajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko Rukuru. Ku wa 03/12/2024, Urukiko Rukuru rwaciye urubanza RCA 00172/2024/HC/KIG - CMB RCA 00173/2024/HC/KIG & CMB RCA 00174/2024/HC/KIG, rwemeza ko ubujurire bwa Kayirangwa Immaculée budafite ishingiro, ko urubanza rwajuririwe rudahindutse, Kayirangwa Immaculée akaba agomba kwishyura Mukangezi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ay’ikurikiranarubanza angana na 1.000.000 Frw, rutegeka ko 40.000 Frw y’ingwate y’amagarama Kayirangwa Immaculée yatanze ajurira ahwanye n’ibyarukozwemo. [6] Kayirangwa Immaculée yajuririye urubanza RCA 00172/2024/HC/KIG - CMB RCA 00173/2024/HC/KIG & CMB RCA 00174/2024/HC/KIG mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, ubujurire bwe bwandikwa kuri RCAA 00004/2025/CA, ariko mbere yo kwiregura mu mizi y’impamvu ze z’ubujurire Mukangenzi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose batanga inzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, ishingiye ku kuba ngo Kayirangwa Immaculée yarajuriye bwa kabiri kandi yaratsinzwe hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje, bityo basaba ko ubujurire bwe butakirwa. [7] Iburanisha ry’urubanza ryashyizwe ku wa 01/10/2025 Kayirangwa Immaculée yunganiwe na Me Majyambere Libéral, Bagenzi Théogène yunganiwe na Me Ngizwenayo Modeste, naho Mukarushakiro Gloriose na Mukangezi Céline bahagarariwe na Me Nzayisenga Francis, urubanza ruburanishwa gusa ku nzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire yavuzwe haruguru no ku ishingiro ry’amafaranga yasabwe kubera ibyagenze ku rubanza mu gihe rwaba rurangiriye kuri iyi nzitizi. II. IBIBAZO BIGIZE URU RUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYABYO

1.Kumenya niba ubujurire bwa kabiri bwatanzwe na Kayirangwa Immaculée butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire [8] Me Majyambere Libéral wunganira Kayirangwa Immaculée ajurira yashingiye ku ngingo ya 55 igika cya mbere y’Itegeko Nº002/2018.OL ryo ku wa 04/04/2018 rishyiraho Urukiko

## Page 4

rw’Ubujurire1 no ku ngingo ya 52 igika cya 2 y’Itegeko N°30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’Inkiko2, avuga ko Urukiko rw’ubujurire rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha uru rubanza kuko mu rubanza RCA 00172/2024/HC/KIG yajuririye haburanwamo amafaranga arenga 99.981.000 Frw. [9] Uwunganira Mukangezi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose ashingiye ku ngingo ya 52, igika cya 3, y’Itegeko N° 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/6/2018 rigena ububasha bw’Inkiko3, yatanze inzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, ishingiye ku kuba Kayirangwa Immaculée yaratsinzwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, bityo asaba ko ubujurire bwe butakirwa. [10] Asobanura ko mu rubanza RC 00496/2022/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge ku wa 18/04/2024, urwo Rukiko rwasuzumye ingingo irebana no kumenya niba ikirego cyatanzwe na Mukangenzi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose gikwiye kwakirwa, maze mu isesengura rwakoze mu gika cyarwo cya 8, ruvuga ko rusanga inzitizi yatanzwe na Kayirangwa Immaculée asaba ko ikirego kitakirwa ashingiye ku kuba abarega batagaragaza ingero z’ubutaka baregera (ingano yabwo) no ku kuba batabufitiye ibimenyetso itakirwa, ahubwo biramutse bigaragaye ko nta bihari byatuma ikirego kitagira ishingiro, bityo mu gika cyarwo cya 9 ruvuga ko iyo nzitizi idafite ishingiro. [11] Avuga ko ibyo byagarutsweho mu rubanza RCA 00171/2024/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 03/12/2024, aho urwo Rukiko na rwo rwasuzumye ibirebana no kumenya niba ikirego cyatanzwe na Mukangezi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose cyaragombaga kwakirwa ku rwego rwa mbere, maze mu isesengura rwakoze mu gika cyarwo cya 15 rusubira ku bisobanuro byari byatanzwe n’abahagarariye Kayirangwa Immaculée, aho bari basabye gusuzuma ibijyanye n’iyakirwa ry’ikirego, ngo kuko kuba ingingo iha ububasha inkiko z’ibanze igaragaza ko mu kubugaragaza hagenderwa ku gaciro k’umutungo utimukanwa uburanwa, Urukiko rutagombaga kwirengagiza ko mu kurega bagombaga kugaragaza ibipimo by’umutungo wabo, na cyane ko n’igenagaciro rwagendeyeho ari iry’umutungo wa Kayirangwa Immaculée, bakaba ntaho bahuriye na wo. Kayirangwa Immaculée asaba Urukiko rwajuririwe kwemeza ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye nta bubasha rwari rufite bwo kuburanisha ikirego rwashyikirijwe na Mukangenzi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose kuko mu kugitanga batabanje kugaragaza agaciro k’umutungo baregera. [12] Avuga kandi ko mu isesengura Urukiko Rukuru rwakoze mu gika cya 16 cy’urubanza RCA 00171/2024/HC/KIG, rwavuze ko rusanga Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwaremeje ko abaregwa batanze agaciro k’ikiburanwa hanyuma Kayirangwa ntiyerekana akandi gaciro kakavuguruza ku buryo

1 Iteganya ko: “Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ruca imanza ku rwego rw’ubujurire. Ruburanisha ubujurire bw’imanza zaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi n’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare. Imanza ruciye ntizijuririrwa keretse iyo amategeko abiteganya ukundiʺ.

2 Iteganya ko: “Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rufite kandi ububasha bwo kuburanisha mu rwego rw’ubujurire bwa kabiri imanza zaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi n’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare, iyo izo manza 8° zagenwemo n’Urukiko indishyi zingana nibura na 75.000.000 Frw cyangwa zifite agaciro kagenwe n’umucamanza mu gihe habaye impaka kangana na 75.000.000 Frw”.

3 Iteganya ko: “Icyakora kandi ubujurire bwa kabiri ntibushobora kwakirwa ku manza z’ababuranye bemera ibyo baregwa, cyangwa ku muburanyi watsinzwe mu nkiko zombi hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimweʺ.

## Page 5

hari kumenyekana Urukiko rufite ububasha. Ko kuba atarakavuguruje mu buryo bwemewe bwatuma ruvuguruza icyemejwe ku rwego rwa mbere, ako gaciro katasubirwaho ku buryo byatesha agaciro icyo cyemezo muri urwo rubanza. Bityo ko Mukangenzi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose basanga iyi ngingo Kayirangwa Immaculée yarayitsinzweho hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje, ngo kuko zahurije ku kuba ibipimo batanze Kayirangwa Immaculée atarigeze abivuguruza, akaba ari ho bashingira basaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kutakira ngo rusuzume ubujurire bwe bwa kabiri, ngo kuko butari mu bubasha bwarwo. Ubaburanira ashingira kandi ku murongo watanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu rubanza RCAA 00027/2019/CA rwaciwe ku wa 06/11/2020, haburana Wibabara Perpétue na Nyagusinga Gatama Vénéranda, cyane cyane ku bikubiye mu gika cyarwo cya 24. [13] Ku ngingo irebana no kumenya nyir’umutungo, uburanira Mukangezi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose asobanura ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwasuzumye ingingo irebana no kumenya niba hari ubutaka Kayirangwa Immaculée atunze bwa Mukangezi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose, Urukiko Rukuru na rwo rusuzuma ibijyanye no kumenya niba ikirego cyatanzwe na Mukangezi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose cyaragombaga guhabwa ishingiro ku rwego rwa mbere. Avuga ko mu isesengura Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwakoze mu gika cya 15 cy’urubanza RC 00496/2022/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe ku wa 18/04/2024, rwavuze ko rusanga Kayirangwa Immaculée uvuga ko yaguze ubutaka yarakoranye amasezerano y’ubugure n’utari nyir’ubutaka, ko n’ubwo yaba Leta yaba ari yo yabumuhaye itari ifite ububasha bwo kugurisha ubutaka butari umutungo wayo, ko kuvuga ko hishyuwe Bagenzi Théogène byumvikana ko yagurishije ubutaka butari ubwe wenyine, kuko yari afite abandi bavandimwe babusangiye, ko kuba Bagenzi Théogène ari umwe mu bazungura batatu (3) 1/3 cy’ubuso bwabwo ari cyo Kayirangwa Immaculée yemerewe kugumana, agasubiza Mukangezi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose 2/3 by’ubuso bungana na 1587 m2 nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 54 y’Itegeko Nº 27/2016 ryo ku wa 08/07/2016 rigenga imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe, impano n’izungura. Akomeza avuga ko ibyo byagarutsweho mu gika cya 21 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, aho Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze nk’uko byemejwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, mu gusesengura umutungo uburanwa Mukangezi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose bari bawufiteho uburenganzira, bityo ko bagombaga kuwuzungura ku buryo bungana. [14] Me Majyambere Libéral wunganira Kayirangwa Immaculée yiregura kuri iyi nzitizi avuga ko nta shingiro ifite, ngo kuko mu rubanza rujuririrwa Kayirangwa Immaculée atigeze ahabwa uburenganira agenerwa n’amategeko, ngo kuko amatariki y’iburanisha Urukiko rwagennye atari yo rwaburanishirijeho urubanza bigatuma atitabira iburanisha ry’urwo rubanza, nk’uko ordonnance ziri ku mugereka zibigaragaza, bityo akaba yaramenye urubanza rwaburanishijwe nyuma y’uko ruburanishijwe, rukaba rwaranyuranyije n’amategeko ntahabwe uburenganzira bwe. Ko bitafatwa ko yatsinzwe ku mpamvu zimwe kandi ataraburanye. [15] Me Majyambere Libéral asobanura ko mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye haburanwe ibibazo bitatu, iburabubasha, ba nyir’umutungo n’ikibazo cy’indishyi, ko ku nkiko zombi, iburabubasha ryasuzumwe, ariko motivation atari zimwe. Ko ku kibazo cya kabiri kuri ba nyir’umutungo, ku rwego rwa mbere kidasa n’icyo mu Rukiko Rukuru harebwe inyito ndetse n’ikibazo cy’indishyi. Ko na motivation zitandukanye, ko kuri C8 hagararaho kutakira (TGI), na ho kuri C16 (HC) hakagaragaramo gutesha agaciro urubanza, bityo ko icyo kibazo kitagarutse mu Rukiko Rukuru. Ku kibazo cy’indishyi Me Majyambere Libéral avuga ko ku rwego rwa mbere zatanzwe, ariko ko

## Page 6

Urukiko Rukuru rwazikuyeho kuko Kayirangwa Immaculée yabonye ubwo butaka mu buburyo bukurikije amategeko. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [16] Ikibazo ababuranyi bafitanye gishingiye ku kumenya niba ubujurire bwa kabiri bw’urubanza RCA 00171/2024/HC/KIG Kayirangwa Immaculée yatanze butari mu bubasha bw’uru Rukiko hashingiwe ku kuba uwajuriye yaratsinzwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje ku mpamvu zimwe. [17] Ikibazo cyerekeranye no gutsindwa mu nkiko zombi zibanza hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe cyafashweho umurongo mu manza zinyuranye zaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga4 ndetse n’uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire ruzishingiraho, aho izo Nkiko Nkuru zagaragaje ko mu gusuzuma niba umuburanyi yaratsinzwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, harebwa icyaburanwaga n’imitekerereze ya buri Rukiko (raisonnement juridique) mu kugaragaza impamvu zashingiweho kugira ngo rugere ku cyemezo rwafashe, hitawe ku kureba niba ku ngingo zaburanywe mbere zikanagakwaho mu bujurire inkiko zombi zarazisubijeho mu buryo bumwe. [18] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rubona ko mu byo Kayirangwa Immaculée ashingiraho avuga ko atatsinzwe ku mpamvu zimwe harimo kuba ngo inyito y’ibyasuzumwe mu Nkiko zombi atari zimwe, ko hamwe hagaragaramo kutakira ahandi hakagaragara gutesha agaciro urubanza, ngo byumvikanisha ko icyo kibazo kitagarutsweho mu Rukiko Rukuru. Urukiko rurasanga ariko ingingo zasesenguwe mu Nkiko zombi ari zo zigomba kugereranwa nk’uko byafashwemo umurongo mu manza zagaragajwe mu gika kibanziriza iki. Umurongo wifashishwa muri uru rubanza ukaba ari uwatanzwe mu rubanza RS/INJUST/RCOM 00003/2020/SC5, rwaciwe ku wa 27/11/2020 hagati ya SANLAM AG Plc AG Ltd na UNIVERSITY OF RWANDA (UR).

[19] Dosiye y’uru rubanza igaragaza ko ikibazo cyasuzumwe mu rubanza RC 00496/2022/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe ku wa 18/04/2024 mu bika byarwo bya 8-9 ari icyerekeranye no kumenya niba ikirego cyari gikwiye kwakirwa, hasuzumwa inzitizi zatanzwemo; Urukiko mu gusuzuma ishingiro ryazo rubona ko n’ubwo Kayirangwa Immaculée asaba ko ikirego kitakirwa

4 Reba igika cya 22 cy’urubanza RCOMAA 0051/14/CS hagati ya RRA na SECAM Ltd rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 04/12/2015 n’igika cya 21 cy’urubanza, RCOMAA 0038/16/CS - RCOMAA 0033/2016/SC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 21/04/2017 hagati ya Bank of Kigali Plc na MULISA KANA Martin. Reba igika cya 22 cy’urubanza RCOMAA 0051/14/CS hagati ya RRA na SECAM Ltd rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 04/12/2015 n’igika cya 21 cy’urubanza, RCOMAA 0038/16/CS - RCOMAA 0033/2016/SC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 21/04/2017 hagati ya Bank of Kigali Plc na MULISA KANA Martin. Reba urubanza RS/INJUST/RCOM 00002/2020/SC rwaciwe ku wa 25/09/2020, hagati ya Road Solution Pavement Product Ltd na MAILCO Ltd, igika cya 24.

5 Aho mu gika cya 23 cyarwo, rwasanze -Ibi kandi binumvikanisha ko ibyaburanwe mu rwego rwa mbere ari na byo ubusanzwe bigomba kuburanwa mu rwego rw’ubujurire hashingiwe ku ihame risanzwe mu micire y’imanza rivuga ko umucamanza wo mu rwego rwa mbere yita ku igenzura ry’ibimenyetso n’amategeko ugereranyije n’ikiburanwa, naho umucamanza wo mu rwego rw’ubujurire akibanda cyane cyane ku kugenzura niba amategeko ku rwego rwa mbere yarubahirijwe uko bikwiye hakurikijwe ibisobanuro n’ibimenyetso byari byatanzwe muri urwo rubanza, byaba ngombwa agakosora aho bikenewe.

## Page 7

ngo kuko abarega batagaragaza ingero z’ubutaka baregera (ingano yabwo) ngo kandi bakaba badafite ibimenyetso, rusanga iyi itakwitwa inzitizi ahubwo biramutse ntabihari byakwitwa ko ikirego nta shingiro gifite. Kuba rero Kayirangwa Immaculée yaravugaga ko abarega ngo bareze uwo batagombaga kurega ngo kuko bari bamwandikiye ibaruwa bakagaragaza ko ubutaka bwabo musaza wabo Bagenzi Théogène ari we wabumugurishije, ibi urukiko rubona ko bitashingirwaho kuko n’ubwo yaba ari we wabubagurishije bitakuraho ko barega uwo basanganye ubutaka bwabo na we akaba yagaragaza aho yabukuye; kubera izo mpamvu zose urukiko rusanga inzitizi zo kutakira ikirego zatanzwe na Kayirangwa Immaculée nta shingiro zifite. [20] Dosiye igaragaza ko ingingo imaze kuvugwa yongeye gusuzumwa n’Urukiko Rukuru mu rubanza RCA 00171/2024/HC/KIG, rwaciwe ku wa 03/12/2024 ku bujurire bwa mbere, mu gika cya 16 cyarwo, hasesengurwa niba ikirego cyatanzwe na Mukangezi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose cyaragombaga guhabwa ishingiro ku rwego rwa mbere; Urukiko rubona ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwemeje ko abaregwa batanze agaciro k’ikiburanwa hanyuma Kayirangwa Immaculée ntiyerekana akandi gaciro kavuguruza ako batanze ku buryo hari kumenyekana Urukiko rufite ububasha. Kuba rero ataravuguruje mu buryo bwemewe, bwatuma ruvuguruza icyemejwe ku rwego rwa mbere; rusanga ako gaciro katasubirwaho ku buryo byatesha agaciro iki cyemezo ku rubanza, rushingiye ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 12 y’Itegeko N 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi66, ntirwaha ishingiro iyo nzitizi. [21] Dosiye y’urubanza RC 00496/2022/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe ku wa 18/04/2024 igaragaza kandi ko ingingo yerekeranye no kumenya niba hari ubutaka Kayirangwa Immaculée atunze bwa Mukangezi Celine na Mukarushakiro Gloriose yasuzumwe mu bika bya 14-16; mu busesenguzi bw’Urukiko, rushingiye ku mvugo z’ababuranyi rubona ko Kayirangwa Immaculée yemera ko ubwo butaka buhari, ko hari igenagaciro ryakozwe ku wa 16/06/2022, rigaragaza ko bufite ubuso bwa 1587 m2 kandi yabuguze n’utari nyir’ubutaka ari we Bagenzi Théogène wamugurishije ubutaka butari ubwe wenyine afite abandi bavandimwe babufatanyije; bityo rubona kandi ko Bagenzi Théogène ari umwe mu bazungura batatu (3), ko 1/3 cyabwo ari cyo Kayirangwa Immaculée yemerewe kugumana hanyuma akaba agomba gusubiza Mukangezi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose 2/3 by’ubuso bungana na 1587 m2 nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 54 y’Itegeko Nº 27/2016 ryo ku wa 08/07/2016 rigenga imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe, impano n’izungura77; Urukiko rusanga ku butaka bufite UPI: 1/03/09/03/10 hagomba kuvaho ubuso bungana na 1587 m2 hanyuma hagahabwa abazungura ba Bagenzi Jean abanje gukuraho 1/3 ariko na we Bagenzi Théogène akamusubiza amafaranga angana na 66.654.000 Frw kuko agaciro kose ari 99.981.000 Frw hanyuma havamo ikigabane cye. [22] Dosiye y’uru rubanza igaragaza ko ikibazo cya kabiri cyasuzumwe kandi mu rubanza RCA 00171/2024/HC/KIG, rwaciwe ku wa 03/12/2024 ku bujurire bwa mbere, mu gika cyarwo cya 21 ari icyerekeranye no gusuzuma niba ikirego cyatanzwe na Mukangezi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose cyaragombaga guhabwa ishingiro ku rwego rwa mbere; mu gusesengura ubujurire,

6 Iyo ngingo ya 12 ikaba iteganya ko: “Urega agomba kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’ibyo aregera. Iyo abibuze, uwarezwe aratsinda”.

7 Iyo ngingo ya 54 ikaba iteganya ko: “Abana amategeko mbonezamubano yemera ko ari ab’uwapfuye bazungura ku buryo bungana nta vangura hagati y'umwana w'umuhungu n'uw'umukobwa”.

## Page 8

Urukiko rubona ko urukiko rubanza rwemeje ko ubutaka bufite UPI: 1/03/09/03/10 bugomba kuvanwaho ubuso bungana na 1587 m2 hanyuma bugahabwa abazungura ba Bagenzi Jean bubanje gukurwaho 1/3 nk’umugabane wa Théogène ngo kuko bwasanze ari we wagurishije ubwo butaka atabiherewe uburenganzira n’abavandimwe be ari na bo batanze iki kirego, mu gihe abaregwa bavuga ko Bagenzi yamugurishije ibintu basangiye batabimuhereye uburenganzira; Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze abatangabuhamya batanzwe bataravuguruje ibyemejwe n’Urukiko ko Kayirangwa Immaculée aterekanye aho akomora buriya butaka, ko Bagenzi atabusangiye n’abavandimwe be ndetse aterekana aho akomora uyu mutungo w’ubutaka mbere yo kwerekana ibyo afite ubungubu; nk’uko byemejwe ku rwego rwa mbere. Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze Kayirangwa Immaculée uvuga ko yaguze ubutaka yarakoranye amasezerano y’ubugure n’utari nyir’ubutaka, maze narwo rusanga hagomba gukurikizwa ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 54 y’Itegeko Nº 27/2016 ryo ku wa 08/07/2016 rigenga imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe, impano n’izungura yavuzwe hejuru. [23] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rusesenguye imiburanire ya buri ruhande ku ngingo nyamukuru zigize urubanza zavuzwe haruguru, rukabihuza n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 52 igika cya 3 y’Itegeko N° 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena Ububasha bw’Inkiko nayo yibukijwe haruguru, ndetse n’umurongo wibukijwe haruguru wafashwe n’Inkiko Nkuru ku bijyanye n’isesengura rya bene iyi mpamvu y’iburabubasha ku bujurire bwa kabiri, rurasanga inkiko zombi zarasesenguye mu buryo bumwe (raisonnement juridique) byanatumye zishingira ku mpamvu zimwe mu kwemeza ko Kayirangwa Immaculée atsinzwe, bityo ubujurire bwe bwa kabiri bukaba butagomba kwakirwa kuko uru Rukiko nta bubasha rufite bwo kubusuzuma mu mizi. Inzitizi yatanzwe na Mukangenzi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose ikaba ifite ishingiro.

2.Ibyerekeye amafaranga y’ibihembo bya Avoka n’ikurikiranarubanza asabwa mu rubanza

[24] Mukangenzi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose bashingiye ku ngingo ya 111 y’Itegeko Nº22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, basaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka kayirangwa Immaculée kubishyura indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza zingana na 1.000.000 Frw n’iz’igihembo cya Avoka zingana na 2.000.000Frw, kubera gukomeza kubashora mu manza bigatuma bagira ibyo bazitakarizamo bishyura Abavoka ndetse banakurikirana urubanza. [25] Kayirangwa Immaculée avuga ko izo ndishyi basaba ntazo bakwiye guhabwa, ngo kuko ari bo batanze ikirego, ko ntaho bahera bavuga ko yabashoye mu manza kandi yaraburanye yiregura, hanyuma akajuririra ibyemezo by'Urukiko bitamunyuze nk’uko amategeko abimuhera uburenganzira. [26] Bagenzi Théogène nawe asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka Kayirangwa Immaculée kumusubiza amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza akubiyemo ay’igihembo cya Avoka angana na 2.000.000 Frw, kubera gukomeza kumushora mu manza zitari ngombwa. [27] Kayirangwa Immaculée mu kwiregura ku ndishyi z’ikurikiranrubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka zisabwa na Bagenzi Théogène, avuga ko amafaranga asaba ntayo yahabwa kubera ko uru rubanza ari we rushingiyeho, bityo ko atashowe mu manza.

## Page 9

[28] Mu gihe cy’iburanisha ku kibazo cy’amafaranga agenda ku rubanza asabwa n’abaregwa, uburanira Kayirangwa Immaculée yongeyeho ko badakwiye kuyahabwa ngo kuko nta bujurire bwuririye ku bundi bigeze batanga muri system, kandi ko Urukiko rutatanga ibyo rutaregewe. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [29] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, iteganya ibikurikira: ʺIkirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe”. [30] Hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’iyi ngingo y’Itegeko imaze kwibutswa haruguru, Urukiko rurasanga amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ay’ikurikiranarubanza Mukangenzi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose basaba ko Kayirangwa Immaculée ategekwa kubishyura kuri uru rwego, yarasabwe mu bibazo bigomba gusuzumwa byashyikirijwe Urukiko ku wa 13/03/2025 basubiza ku byasabwe n’uwajuriye88, amafaranga basaba akaba afite ishingiro, kuko byumvikana ko bashatse Avoka bo kubaburanira imbere y’Urukiko bakanakurikirana urubanza. Urukiko rukaba rugomba kubagenera amafaranga agenwe mu bushishozi bwarwo kuko ayo basabye ari umurengera ugereranyije n’aho urubanza rusorejwe, bityo bakaba bagomba kugenerwa bombi angana n’ibihumbi magana arindwi (700.000 Frw) akubiyemo ay’igihembo cya Avoka kingana n’amafaranga ibihumbi magana atanu (500.000 Frw) n’ay’ikurikiranarubanza angana n’ibihumbi magana abiri (200.000 Frw) kuri uru rwego. [31] Ku bigenda ku rubanza, amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ay’ikurikiranarubanza Bagenzi Théogène asaba Kayirangwa Immaculée kuri uru rwego, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rubona ko agaragazwa mu mushinga w’Inama Ntegurarubanza wateguwe, bityo na we akaba agomba kuyahabwa agenwe mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko kuko ayo asaba ari umurengera ugereranyije n’aho urubanza rusorejwe, bityo nawe akaba agomba kugenerwa angana n’ibihumbi magana arindwi (700.000 Frw) akubiyemo ay’igihembo cya Avoka kingana n’amafaranga ibihumbi magana atanu (500.000 Frw) n’ay’ikurikiranarubanza angana n’ibihumbi magana abiri (200.000 Frw) kuri uru rwego. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [32] Rwemeje ko inzitizi yatanzwe na Mukangenzi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose ifite ishingiro. [33] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa kabiri bwatanzwe na Kayirangwa Immaculée butakiriwe kuko butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire.

8 Aho bavuze ko: “…ari yo mpamvu basanga Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rukwiye kugumishaho izo ndishyi z’igihembo cya Avoka ndetse n’izikurikirana rubanza, ahubwo rukagenera Mukarushakiro Gloriose na Mukangezi Celine izi ndishyi muri uru rwego rw’ubujurire bwa Kabiri”.

## Page 10

[34] Rutegetse Kayirangwa Immaculée kwishyura Mukangenzi Céline na Mukarushakiro Gloriose bombi hamwe amafaranga ibihumbi magana arindwi (700.000Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ikurikiranarubanza no kwishyura Bagenzi Théogène amafaranga ibihumbi magana arindwi (700.000Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ikurikiranarubanza kuri uru rwego. [35] Ruvuze ko amafaranga y’ingwate y’amagarama y’uru rubanza Kayirangwa Immaculée yatanze ajurira ahwanye n’ibyarukozwemo.