UBUSHINJACYAHA v. KAYITARE

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v. KAYITARE

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-05-22 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00624/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v. KAYITARE [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00624/2024/CA (Umugwaneza, P.J.,) 22 Gicurasi 2025] Amategeko agenga ibyaha n’ibihano – Icyaha cyo kugurisha ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye byo mubwoko bw’urumogi – Guhindura inyito y’icyaha – Uregwa wafatanywe ibiyobyabwenge ahanwa hakurikijwe ingano yafatanwe, byagaragara ko ikigamijwe ari ukubikoresha ku giti cye (simple drug possession), agahabwa ibihano bito, ariko byagaragara ko ingano y’ibiyobyabwenge yafatanwe ari nini bikaba byashingirwaho hemezwa ko atari ibyo gukoresha ku giti cye, ahubwo ikigamijwe ari ukubicuruza cyangwa kubikwirakwiza (trafficking drug), maze agahabwa igihano kiremereye. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ubushinjacyaha bwareze uwitwa Kayitare Jean de Dieu mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma, icyaha cyo kugurisha ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye byo mubwoko bw’urumogi, aburana yemera ko anywa urumogi ariko atarucuruza. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma, rushingiye ku bimenyetso bitandukanye, rwasanze Kayitare Jean de Dieu ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gufatanwa, kunywa no gutunda ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, maze ahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda miliyoni makumyabiri n’imwe (21.000.000). Kayitare yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana, avuga ko yahanishijwe igihano kirekire kandi yaraburanye yemera icyaha ndetse akaba ari n’ubwa mbere yari akurikiranyweho icyaha mu butabera mu buryo buzwi, bityo asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano. Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana rwasanze uregwa akwiye kugabanyirizwa igihano kuko ari ubwa mbere yakurikiranwaho icyaha mu buryo buzwi kandi akaba acyemera, maze rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000 Frw). Kayitare yongeye kujurira mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, avuga ko urukiko rwamuhamije icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge nta bimenyetso bishingiweho byemeza ko urwo rumogi yafatanwe rwari urwo kugurisha, bityo akaba asaba ko inyito y’icyaha yahinduka maze agahanishwa icyaha cyo kunywa ibiyobyabwenge, akanagabanyirizwa igihano kuri icyo cyaha yemera kuko akomeje kuburana acyemera anacyicuza ndetse igihano yahabwa kigasububikwa kuko ari ubwa mbere akoze icyaha kandi akaba atarigeze arusha ubutabera. Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko inyito y’icyaha Kayitare Jean de Dieu yahamijwe idakwiye guhinduka kuko aburana mu bujurire bwa mbere nawe ubwe yemeye ko acuruza ibiyobyabwenge by’urumogi asaba gusa ko yagabanyirizwa ibihano, ndetse n’ingano (umubare munini) y’ibiyobyabwenge bamusanganye nayo ikaba yerekana ko bitari ibyo yari agiye kwikoreshereza ku giti cye, ahubwo byari ibyo yakwirakwizaga mu bantu abicuruza, bityo ko hakwiye kugumaho inyito y’icyaha yahamijwe n’igihano yahanishijwe mu Rukiko rubanza.

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Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Uregwa wafatanywe ibiyobyabwenge ahanwa hakurikijwe ingano yafatanwe, byagaragara ko ikigamijwe ari ukubikoresha ku giti cye (simple drug possession), agahabwa ibihano bito, ariko byagaragara ko ingano y’ibiyobyabwenge yafatanwe ari nini bikaba byashingirwaho hemezwa ko atari ibyo gukoresha ku giti cye, ahubwo ikigamijwe ari ukubicuruza cyangwa kubikwirakwiza (trafficking drug), maze agahabwa igihano kiremereye. 2.Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiye ku bisobanuro byose byatanzwe, rurasanga urumogi uregwa yafatanwe rungana n’udupfunyika 58 rutari urwo kwikoreshereza ku giti cye arunywa, ahubwo rwari urwo gukwirakwiza arugurisha, bityo inyito y’icyaha yahamijwe n’inkiko zibanza ikaba idakwiye guhinduka. 3. Uregwa ntakwiriye gusubikirwa igihano iyo ahanishijwe igihano cy’iremezo kirenze imyaka itanu (5) y’igifungo. Ubujurire nta shingiro.

Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange yahinduwe n’ingingo ya 11 y’Itegeko Nº 69/2019 ryo ku wa 08/11/2019, ingingo ya 263; Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RPAA 00939/2024/CA, rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Nyirambonigaba Drocella, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’ubujurire ku wa 27/03/2025; Urubanza RPAA 00408/2020/CA, rw’ Ubushinjacyaha na Niyitegeka Augustin alias Niyirema, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/06/2022. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Kayitare Jean de Dieu mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma, icyaha cyo kugurisha ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye byo mubwoko bw’urumogi, buvuga ko ku itariki ya 24/01/2021 ari mu Mudugudu wa Nyamigano, Akagari ka Kagarama, Umurenge wa Musha, Akarere ka Rwamagana, yafatanwe udupfunyika 58 tw’urumogi avuye kurugura mu Kagari ka Mbwana, mu Murenge wa Munyiginya ku muntu atashatse kuvuga amazina. Kayitare Jean de Dieu yaburanye yemera ko anywa urumogi ariko atarucuruza, avuga ko ubwo bafatwaga, urumogi rwari rufitwe na mugenzi we Cyabitama wahise acika. [2] Mu rubanza RP 00132/2021/TGI/NGOMA rwaciwe ku wa 26/02/2021, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma, rushingiye kuba Kayitare Jean de Dieu yemera ko anywa urumogi, kuba yaravuye mu Mudugudu w’Agashuhe, Akagari ka Nyabisindu, Umurenge wa Musha akajya kugura urumogi mu Kagari ka Mbwana mu Murenge wa Munyiginya nk’uko yabyemeye mu ibazwa rye mu Bugenzacyaha, ubuhamya bwa Ndagijimana Jean Baptiste wemeza ko bamufatanye udupfunyika 58 tw’urumogi no kuba yarashyize umukono ku nyandikomvugo

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y’ifatira akemera ko afatanwe udupfunyika 58 tw’urumogi, rwasanze Kayitare Jean de Dieu ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gufatanwa, kunywa no gutunda ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, ahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda miliyoni makumyabiri n’imwe (21.000.000). [3] Kayitare Jean de Dieu yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana, avuga ko yahanishijwe igihano kirekire kandi yaraburanye yemera icyaha ndetse akaba ari n’ubwa mbere yari akurikiranyweho icyaha mu butabera mu buryo buzwi, asaba ko yagabanyirizwa igihano. [4] Ubushinjacyaha bwavuze ko Kayitare Jean de Dieu atari akwiye kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano kuko ku rwego rwa mbere yagabanyirijwe bihagije, ariko ko bitewe nuko mu gihe ubujurire bwe bwari butarasuzumwa Itegeko riteganya kandi rigahana icyaha aregwa ari naryo ryashingiweho mu kumuhana ryahindutse mu buryo bumwongerera amahirwe yo kuba yagabanirizwa, igihano yahanishijwe cyagabanywa mu mbibi z’ibiteganywa n’iryo tegeko. [5] Mu rubanza RPA 00442/2021/HC/RWG rwaciwe ku wa 21/06/2024, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana rwasanze Kayitare Jean de Dieu akwiye kugabanyirizwa igihano kuko ari ubwa mbere yakurikiranwaho icyaha mu buryo buzwi kandi akaba acyemera, maze rushingiye ku ngingo 2 y’Itegeko N° 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihidura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000 Frw). [6] Kayitare Jean de Dieu yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza ruhabwa RPAA 00624/2024/CA, ruburanishwa mu ruhame ku wa 09/05/2025, yunganiwe na Me Micomyiza Liliane, Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Rukaka Gallican, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [7] Mu mwanzuro w’ubujurire no mu miburanire, Kayitare Jean de Dieu n’umwunganira bavuga ko Kayitare atahwemye kugaragaza ko urumogi yafatanwe rwari urwo kunywa, ariko Urukiko rumuhamya icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge nta bimenyetso bishingiweho byemeza ko urwo rumogi yafatanwe rwari urwo kugurisha, basaba ko inyito y’icyaha yahinduka kika kunywa ibiyobyabwenge akaba aricyo ahanirwa, akanagabanyirizwa igihano kuri icyo cyaha yemera kuko akomeje kuburana acyemera anacyicuza ndetse igihano yahabwa kigasububikwa kuko ari ubwa mbere akoze icyaha kandi akaba atarigeze arusha ubutabera. [8] Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko inyito y’icyaha Kayitare Jean de Dieu yahamijwe idakwiye guhinduka kuko aburana mu bujurire bwa mbere nawe ubwe yemeye ko acuruza ibiyobyabwenge by’urumogi asaba gusa ko yagabanyirizwa ibihano, ndetse n’ingano (umubare munini) y’ibiyobyabwenge bamusanganye nayo ikaba yerekana ko bitari ibyo yari agiye kwikoreshereza ku giti cye, ahubwo byari ibyo yakwirakwizaga mu bantu abicuruza, ko rero hakwiye kugumaho inyito y’icyaha yahamijwe n’igihano yahanishijwe mu Rukiko rubanza. [9] Hakurikijwe izo mpaka, muri uru rubanza hagiye gusuzumwa ibibazo bikurikira: a. Kumenya niba inyito y’icyaha Kayitare Jean de Dieu yahamijwe ikwiriye guhinduka; b. Kumenya niba Kayitare Jean de Dieu yagabanyirizwa akanasubikirwa igihano.

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II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA a.Kumenya niba inyito y’icyaha Kayitare Jean de Dieu yahamijwe ikwiriye guhinduka [10] Kayitare Jean de Dieu n’umwunganira bavuga ko kuva yafatwa yagaragaje ko udupfunyika 58 tw’urumogi yafatanwe yari avuye kuruguru kwa Karori ari urwo kunywa, afatirwa mu muhanda nyabagendwa, ahantu hanyurwa n’abantu benshi ku buryo bitakunda ko ahacururiza urumogi, ariko ko ibyo Urukiko rubanza rwabyirengagije rumuhamya icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge mu buryo bugenekereje nta kimenyetso na kimwe cyemeza ko urumogi yafatanwe rwari urwo gucuruza, nko kuba hagaragazwa umuguzi cyangwa amafaranga bamusanganye cyangwa hakaragazwa raporo y’inzego z’ibanze yemeza ko yari asanzwe acuruzaga urumogi. [11] Kayitare Jena de Dieu n’umwunganira basaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kuzashingira ku murongo watanzwe mu rubanza RPAA 00156/2022/CA rwaciwe ku wa 27/05/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Musabyimana Elysée, uvuga ko kugirango uregwa ahamwe n’icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge hatarebwa gusa ingano y’ibiyobyabwenge yafatanwe, ahubwo hagomba kugaragazwa ibimenyetso simusiga byemeza ko yabicuruje; maze rubone ko kuba Kayitare Jean de Dieu yarafatanwe udupfunyika 58 tw’urumogi ataricyo kimenyetso simusiga kigaragaza ko rwari urwo gucuruza kuko n’abamufashe bagaragaza ko nta makuru bari bamufiteho ko acuruza urumogi kandi nawe kuva yafatwa akaba atarigeze yemera ko arucuruza, ahubwo yakomeje kugaragaza ko rwari urwo kunywa, ko yari yaguze rwinshi bitewe n’uko hari mu gihe cya Covd – 19, hariho gahunda ya guma murugo nta buryo bworoshye bwo kurubona buhari kandi afite uburwayi barumurangiyemo umuti. [12] Me Micomyiza Liliane asaba ko hazashingirwa no ku rubanza RS/INJUST/PEN 00004/2017/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 23/02/2018 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Mukaruyange Athanasie ndetse n’urubanza RPAA 00333/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 19/09/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Dukuzumuremyi, zemeje ko Umucamanza afite uburenganzira n’inshingano zo guhindura inyito y’icyaha igihe cyose asanga ibikorwa uregwa akurikiranyweho bidahuye n’inyito byahawe n’inkiko zabanje, hakurikijwe ihame ry’uko umucamanza aregerwa ibikorwa bigize icyaha ataregerwa inyito yacyo; maze inyito y’icyaha Kayitare Jean de Dieu yahamijwe ihinduke, kibe icyo kunywa ibiyobyabwenge aho kuba icyo kubicuruza. [13] Me Micomyiza Liliane asaba kandi ko hazashingirwa no ku rubanza RPAA 00214/2022/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 06/10/2023, aho Urukiko rwabonye ko udupfunyika 14 tw’urumogi Ndagijimana Emmanuel yafatanwe rwari urwo kwikoreshereza ku giti cye, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka ibiri (2) aho kuba igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda miliyoni makumyabiri (20.000.000 Frw) yahanishijwe n’inkiko zibanza. Ko Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwazabona ko urwo rubanza rusa n’urwa Kayitare Jean de Dieu, maze inyito y’icyaha aregwa igahinduka kikaba icyo kunywa ibiyobyabwenge giteganywa mu ngingo ya 11, igika cya mbere y’Itegeko N° 69/20219 ryo ku wa 08/11/2019 rihindura Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, aho kuba icyo kubicuruza giteganywa mu gika cya 3 cy’iyo ngingo. [14] Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko inyito y’icyaha Kayitaye Jean de Dieu yahamijwe idakwiriye guhinduka kuko ubwo yaburanaga ku rwego rw’ubujurire bwa mbere nawe ubwe yemeraga icyaha

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cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge by’urumogi, gusa icyari cyatumye ajurira akaba kwari ugusaba ko agabanyiruzwa igihano nk’uko bigaragara mu gika cya kabiri (2) cy’urubanza rwajuririwe, ko kuba ageze mu bujurire bwa kabiri agahindura imvugo ntacyo byamumarira nk’uko byatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu rubanza RPAA 00224/2022/CA rwaciwe ku wa 24/2/2023, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Rutayisire Aubin (igika cya 46-48), uvuga ko “atari buri gihe ko uregwa wemeye icyaha mu nzego z’iperereza yagera imbere y’Urukiko akagihakana aribyo bihabwa agaciro, cyangwa ngo byanze bikunze hagaragazwe ibindi bimenyetso, ahubwo ko Umucamanza afite ububasha bwo gusuzumana ubushishozi no guha agaciro izo mvugo z’uregwa wemeye icyaha, harebwa ibikorwa aregwa, igihe asanga uko kwemera kudashidikanywaho, akabiha agaciro ashingiye ku mutima nama we”. [15] Ubushinjacyaha bukomeza buvuga ko uretse no kuba Kayitare Jean de Dieu abura mu bujurire bwa mbere yaremeye icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge, n’ingano nini (umubare munini) y’ibiyobyabwenge bamusanganye ubwayo yerekana ko atari ibyo yari agiye kwikoreshereza ku giti cye, ahubwo byari ibyo yakwirakwizaga mu bantu abicuruza. Ku bijyanye no kuvuga ko nta muguzi cyangwa amafaranga Kayitare Jean de Dieu yasanganwe yakuye mu bucuruzi bw’ibiyobyabwenge, bityo ko adahamwa n’icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge, Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko yiyibagiza ko ibyo ataribyo gusa biranga umucuruzi w’ibiyobyabwenge, ko umuntu atagirwa umucuruzi w’ibiyobyabwenge no kuba hari abaguzi babonetse aho acururiza, ahubwo igihe cyose afite ibicuruzwa kandi yiteguye kubiha umuntu wese umugana ashaka ibyo agurisha, aba ari umucuruzi w’ibiyobyabwenge nk’uko byemejwe mu rubanza RPAA 00293/2021/CA, rwaciwe ku wa 15/07/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Murindahabi Jean de Dieu, mu gika cya 30. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [16] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba, udupfunyika 58 tw’urumogi Kayitare Jean de Dieu yafatanywe rwafatwa ko rwari urwo kunywa, ku buryo inyito y’icyaha aregwa yahinduka kikaba gufatanwa no kunywa ibiyobyabwenge (urumogi) giteganywa kandi kigahanishwa ingingo ya 11, igika cya mbere y’Itegeko N° 69/2019 ryo ku wa 08/11/2019 yahinduye ingingo ya 263 y’Itegeko N°68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange aho kuba icyo gutunda ibiyobyabwe giteganywa mu gika cya 3 cy’iyo ngingo. [17] Ku birebana n’ibikorwa byerekeye ibiyobyabwenge n’ikoreshwa ryabyo, byasesenguwe mu rubanza RPAA 00408/2020/CA rwaciwe ku wa 27/06/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Niyitegeka Augustin alias Niyirema1. Muri urwo rubanza Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwasobanuye ko amagambo arebana no gufatanwa, kunywa …… avugwa mu gika cya mbere cy’ingingo ya 263 y’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange yahinduwe n’ingingo ya 11 y’Itegeko Nº 69/2019 ryo ku wa 08/11/20192, no gukora, guhinga, guhindura,

1 Reba igika cya 14 -18 cy’urubanza RPAA 00408/2020/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/06/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Niyitegeka Augustin alias Niyirema.

2 Ingingo ya 263, igika cya mbere n’icya kabiri, y’Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange yahinduwe n’ingingo ya 11 y’Itegeko N° 69/2019 ryo ku wa 08/11/1019 iteganya ko ‘‘Umuntu wese ufatanwa, urya, unywa, witera, uhumeka cyangwa wisiga mu buryo ubwo aribwo bwose ibiyobyabwenge

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gutunda, kubika no kugurisha mu gihugu avugwa mu gika cya 3 cy’iyo ngingo3, agomba kumvikana hakurikijwe ingano y’ibiyobyabwenge n’ikigiye gukoreshwa ibiyobyabwenge uregwa yafatanwe maze byagaragara ko ikigamijwe ari ukubikoresha ku giti cye (simple drug possession), uregwa agahabwa ibihano bito bivugwa mu gika cya kabiri cy’iyo ngingo, ariko byagaragara ko ingano y’ibiyobyabwenge yafatanwe ari nini bikaba byashingirwaho hemezwa ko atari ibyo gukoresha ku giti cye, ahubwo ikigamijwe ari ugucuruza cyangwa gukwirakwiza ibiyobyabwenge (trafficking drug) uregwa agahabwa igihano kiremereye kivugwa mu gika cya gatatu cy’iyo ngingo yavuzwe. Uyu murongo wagendeweho mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’uru Rukiko, mu ziheruka hakaba harimo urubanza RPAA 00939/2024/CA, rwaciwe ku wa 27/03/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nyirambonigaba Drocella4. [18] Nk’uko dosiye y’uru rubanza ibigaragaza, Kayitare Jean de Dieu abazwa mu Bugenzacyaha ku wa 24/01/201 no mu Bushinjacyaha ku wa 28/01/2021 yemeye ko yafatanwe udupfunyika 58 tw’urumogi avuye kurugura mu Kagari ka Mbwana, mu Murenge wa Munyiginya n’umuntu atazi amazi bahuriye mu ishyamba, ariko ko rwari urwo kunywa. Dosiye igaragaza kandi ko Kayitare Jean de Dieu abura mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma, nabwo yemeye ko anywa urumogi, ariko ko atarucuruza, avuga ko urumogi rwafatiriwe atari urwe ko ari urwa Cyabitama wabonye bagiye kumufata aracika. Kayitare Jean de Dieu aburana mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana noneho yemeye icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge, avuga ko urumogi yafatanwe rwari urwo gucuruza, ariko ko yafashwe nta muntu araruha5. [19] Muri dosiye y’uru rubanza hagaragara kandi ubuhamya bwa Ndagijimana Jean Baptiste yatanze imbere y’Ubugenzacyaha ku wa 27/01/2021, wemeza ko bari mu kazi ko gucunga umutekano w’Ikigo cy’amashuri cyitwa Saint Kizito bakunze kwita kwa Herman, bafashe Kayitare Jean de Dieu afite udupfunyika 58 tw’urumogi. Igaragaza n’inyandikomvugo y’ifatira ry’udupfunyika 58 tw’urumogi yo ku wa 24/01/2021, Kayitare Jean de Dieu yashyizeho umukono, yemera gusinyira ko afatanwe udupfunyika 58 tw’urumogi. [20] Urukiko rw’ubujurire rushingiye ku murongo wafashwe mu rubanza RPAA 00408/2020/CA wibukijwe mu gika cya 17 cy’uru rubanza, rurasanga udupfunyika 58 tw’urumogi Kayitare Jean de Dieu yafatanwe nk’uko nawe abyiyemerera bikanemezwa n’ubuhamya bwa Ndagijimana Jean Baptiste ndetse n’inyandikomvugo y’ifatira, ari rwinshi ku buryo rutafatwa ko

cyangwa urusobe rw’imiti ikoreshwa nka byo, aba akoze icyaha’’. Igika cyayo cya kabiri giteganya ko ‘’Umuntu wese uhamijwe n’urukiko gukora ibikorwa bivugwa mu gika cya mbere cy’iyi ngingo, ahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’umwaka umwe (1) ariko kitarenze imyaka ibiri (2) cyangwa imirimo y’inyungu rusange”.

3 Igika cya gatatu, agace 1° cy’iyo ngingo, kivuga ko “Umuntu wese ukora, uhinga, uhindura, utunda, ubika, uha undi, ugurisha mu gihugu ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa urusobe rw’imiti ikoreshwa nka byo mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, aba akoze icyaha”, naho agace ka 1°kacyo kagateganya ko “iyo abihamijwe n’urukiko ahanishwa igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda arenze miliyoni makumyabiri (20.000.000 FRW) ariko atarenze miliyoni mirongo itatu (30.000.000 FRW) ku byerekeye ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye”. 4 Reba igika cya 17 cy’urwo rubanza

5 Reba inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha ry’urubanza rujuririrwa yo ku wa 04/06/2024.

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rwari urwo kwikoreshereza ku giti cye (simple drug possession) arunywa, ahubwo icyari kigamijwe kwari ukurukwirakwiza (trafficking drug). [21] Ibimaze kuvugwa mu gika kibanziriza iki ku bijyanye no kuba urumogi Kayitare Jean de Dieu yafatanwe rwari urwo gukwirakwiza, bishyigikiwe n’uko nawe ubwe aburana mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana yemeye ko rwari urwo gucuruza, ariko ko yafashwe nta muntu araruhaho, ibyo nabyo bikaba bigaragaza ko urumogi yafatanwe rutari urwo kwikoreshereza ku giti cye nk’uko abivuga ahubwo rwari urwo gukwirakwiza. [22] Ku bijyanye n’imiburanire ya Kayitare Jean de Dieu n’umwunganira y’uko nta muguzi cyangwa amafaranga bamusanganye, ibyo bakabishingiraho bavuga ko urumogi yafatanwe rutari urwo gukwirakwiza, Urukiko rw’ubujurire rurasanga nta shingiro ifite kuko nk’uko byemejwe n’uru Rukiko mu manza zitandukanye, umuntu atagirwa umucuruzi w’ibiyobyabwenge n’uko hari abaguzi babonetse aho acuririza, ahubwo igihe cyose afite ibicuruzwa kandi yiteguye kubiha umuntu wese umugana ashaka ibyo agurisha, aba ari umucuruzi w’ibiyobyabwenge6, kandi nk’uko byagaragajwe haruguru Kayitare Jean de Dieu aburana mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana akaba yariyemereko urumogi yafatanwe rwari urwo kugurisha afatwa atararugurisha, byumvikanisha ko yari yiteguye kuruha umuntu waribuze amugana arushaka, ibyo bikaba bimugira umucuruzi w’urumogi. [23] Ku bijyanye n’imanza Kayitare Jean de Dieu n’umwunganira basaba ko zashingirwaho hakezwa ko urumogi yafatanwe rwari urwo kwinywera, harimo, urubanza RPAA 00156/2022/CA ruvuga ko kugirango uregwa ahamwe n’icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge hatarebwa gusa ingano y’ibiyobyabwenge yafatanwe, ahubwo hagomba kugaragazwa ibimenyetso simusiga byemeza ko yabicuruje ndetse n’urubanza RPAA 00214/2022/CA, aho Urukiko rwabonye ko udupfunyika 14 tw’urumogi Ndagijimana Emmanuel yafatanwe rwari urwo kwikoreshereza ku giti cye; Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga izo manza ntaho zihuriye n’urwa Kayitare Jean de Dieu kuko uretse no kuba uyu atarafatanwe ingano nini y’ibiyobyabwenge, ariko n’iyo aza kuba yarafatanwe ingano ntoya ntacyo byamumarira kuko uwafatanwe ibiyobyabwenge bikeye afatwa ko yari kubyikoreshereza ku giti cye, igihe nta bindi bimenyetso byemeza ko icyari kigamije ari ukubikwirakwiza, ariko kuri Kayitare Jean de Dieu we aburana mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana akaba yaremeye ko rwari urwo gucuruza, uretse ko yafashwe atararutangaho. Byumvikanisha ko rutari urwo kwikoreshereza ku giti cye ahubwo rwari urwo gukwirakwiza arucuruza. [24] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiye ku bisobanuro byose byatanzwe, rurasanga urumogi Kayitare Jean de Dieu yafatanwe rungana n’udupfunyika 58 rutari urwo kwikoreshereza ku giti cye arunywa, ahubwo rwari urwo gukwirakwiza arugurisha, bityo inyito y’icyaha yahamijwe n’inkiko zibanza ikaba idakwiye guhinduka. b.Kumenya niba Kayitare Jean de Dieu yagabanyirizwa akanasubikirwa igihano

6 Reba urubanza RPAA 00436/2020/CA rwaciwe ku wa 28/06/2022 rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Ahimpereye Ndeze François (igika cya 19), urubanza RPAA 00201/2023/CA rwaciwe ku wa 17/02/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Niyibishaka Patrick (igika cya 15) n’izindi.

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[25] Kayitare Jean de Dieu n’umwunganira basaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ko rwazashingira ku ngingo ya 497, iya 598 n’iya 649 z’Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, Kayiyitare Jean de Dieu akagabanyirizwa igihano ku cyaha yemera cyo kunywa ibiyobyabwenge, kuko akomeje kuburana acyemera ndetse akaba amaze no kwicuza, agahamya ko igihe yagabanyirizwa igihano kugeza munsi y’igihano gito giteganywa n’Itegeko, yaba afite umukoro wo gusangiza abandi banyarwanda ububi bw’icyaha no kubasaba kwirinda kugikora. Basaba kandi ko ibihano Kayitare Jean de Dieu yahabwa byasubikwa kuko ari ubwa mbere akoze icyaha kandi akaba atarigeze arushya ubutabera. [26] Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko, kubera ko inyito y’icyaha Kayitare Jean de Dieu ashinjwa idakwiriye guhinduka, igihano yahanishijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugeko rwa Rwamagana aricyo gikwiye kugumaho. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [27] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga Kayitare Jean de Dieu asaba kugabanyirizwa no gusubikirwa igihano ku cyaha yemera cyo kunywa ibiyobyabwenge, ariko kandi icyaha kimuhama kikaba ari icyo gufatwanwa, kunywa no gutunda ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi. Bityo rukaba rusanga hakwiye gusuzumwa ko yagabanyirizwa igihano yahanishijwe n’Urukiko rubanza ku cyaha kimuhama cyo gufatanwa, kunywa no gutunda ibiyobyabwenge. [28] Nk’uko biteganywa mu ngingo ya 11, igika cya 1, agace ka 1° y’Itegeko N° 69/2019 ryo ku wa 08/11/2019 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, icyaha cyo gutunda ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda arenze miliyoni makumyabiri (20.000.000 Frw) ariko atarenze miliyoni mirongo itatu (30.000.000 Frw). [29] Ikibazo kijyanye no kumenya igihano gito gishobora guhabwa umuburanyi wahamijwe icyaha gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu mu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, cyatanzweho umuro n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu manza zitandukanye, aho rushingiye ku ngingo ya 2 y’Itegeko N° 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 ihindura ingingo ya 60 y’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa

7 Ivuga ko: “Umucamanza atanga igihano akurikije uburemere bw'icyaha, ingaruka icyaha cyateye, impamvu zatumye agikora, uko uwagikoze yari asanzwe yitwara, imibereho ye bwite n’uburyo icyaha cyakozwemo”.

8 Ivuga ko: “Umucamanza ashobora kugabanya ibihano nk’iyo: 1° ushinjwa, mbere yo gukurikiranwa, yemeye icyaha akagisabira imbabazi uwo yakoreye icyaha n’umuryango nyarwanda mu buryo budashidikanywa, akicuza kandi akishyura ibyo yangije nk’uko bari babimutegerejeho; 2° ushinjwa yishyikirije urwego rw’ubutabera rubifitiye ububasha, mbere y’uko akurikiranwa cyangwa se mu gihe hatangiye ibikorwa by’ikurikirana; 3° mu ntangiriro z’iburanisha ku rwego rwa mbere, ushinjwa yireze akemera icyaha mu buryo budashidikanywa;4° icyaha cyakozwe nta ngaruka zikomeye cyateje”.

9 Ivuga ko: “Isubikagihano ni icyemezo cy’urukiko gihagarika irangizarubanza ku gihano itegeko riteganyiriza igifungo kitarengeje imyaka itanu (5). Isubikagihano ritangwa hashingiwe ku buremere bw’icyaha…..”.

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30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange10, rwemeje ko icyaha gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu kidashobora kugabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha ku buryo kijya munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15, kandi ko n’ihazabu iteganyijwe idashobora kugabanywa ngo ibe yajya munsi ya kimwe cya kane cy’ihazabu nto iteganyirijwe icyaha cyakozwe11. [30] Imikirize y’urubanza rujuririrwa igaragaza ko, mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana, Kayitare Jean de Dieu yagabanyirije igihano, kiva ku gifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda miliyoni makumyabiri n’imwe (21.000.000 Frw) yari yahanishijwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma, ahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000 Frw). [31] Hashingiwe ku murongo watanzwe n’uru Rukiko wibukijwe haruguru mu gika cya 29 cy’uru rubanza, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000 Frw) Kayitare Jean de Dieu yahanishijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana, kitakongera kugabanywa kuko cyagabanyijwe bihagije kandi kikaba aricyo gihano gito ntarengwa giteganyijwe ku cyaha kimuhama cyo gufatanwa, kunywa no gutunda ibiyobyabwenge byo mubwoko bw’urumogi, kikaba kidashobora kugibwa munsi.

[32] Ku bijyanye n’isubikagihano, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiye ku ngingo ya 3 y’Itegeko N° 058/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha ivuga ko: “Iyo uwakatiwe nta kindi gihano cy’igifungo kirenga amezi 6 yahanishijwe mbere, urukiko, rukoresheje icyemezo gisobanura impamvu, rushobora gutegeka gusubika irangiza ry’igihano cyose cyangwa igice cy’igihano cy’iremezo cyangwa cy’ingereka, iyo igihano cy’iremezo cy’igifungo umuntu yakatiwe kitarenze imyaka 5”, rusanga Kayitare Jean de Dieu adakwiriye gusubikirwa igihano kuko ahanishijwe igihano cy’iremezo kirenze imyaka itanu (5) y’igifungo. [33] Hashingiwe ku bisobanuro byose byatanzwe muri uru rubanza, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ubujurire bwa Kayitare Jean de Dieu nta shingiro bufite, urubanza yajuririye rukaba rudahindutse. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [34] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Kayitare Jean de Dieu nta shingiro bufite;

10 Ivuga ko: «Iyo umucamanza yemeje impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ashobora kugabanya igihano ku buryo bukurikira: (a) igifungo cya burundu gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15; …….. (d) igihano cy’ihazabu gishobora kugabanywa kugeza kuri kimwe cya kane cy’igihano cy’ihazabu gito giteganyirijwe icyaha cyakozwe”.

11 Muri izo manza harimo urubanza RPAA 00752/2024/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/03/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nsekanabo Augustin (igika cya 19), urubanza RPAA 00 RPAA 00154/2024/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 17/04/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Dusabe Jean Damascène (igika cya 13) n’izindi.

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[35] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza RPA 00442/2021/HC/RWG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana ku wa 21/06/2024, idahindutse; [36] Rwemeje ko inyito y’icyaha cyo gufatanwa, kunywa no gutunda ibiyobyabywenge (urumogi) Kayitare Jean de Dieu yahamijwe n’igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000 Frw) yahanishijwe muri urwo rubanza, bigumyeho; [37] Rutegetse ko Kayitare Jean de Dieu asonewe gutanga amagarama y’urubanza kuko aburana afunze.