UBUSHINJACYAHA v. KIRABO

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v. KIRABO

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2014-02-28 - Case/document no.: RS/REV/INJUST/PEN 0001/13/CS - Collection: Supreme Court

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v. KIRABO [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA – Nº RS/REV/INJUST/PEN 0001/13/CS (Mutashya, P.J., Kanyange na Hitiyaremye, J.) 28 Gashyantare 2014] Ibirego byihariye – Ikirego cyo gusubirishamo urubanza ku mpamvu z’akarengane – Iyo hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko Inkiko zabanje zirengangije amategeko n’ ibimenyetso bigaragarira buri wese biba ari impamvu zituma ikirego gisubirishamo urubanza ku mpamvu z’akarengane cyakirwa ngo gisuzumwe. – Raporo y’ubugenzuzi nta sano ifitanye n’urubanza, n’ubwo yifashishwa kugira ngo urubanza rushyirwe kuri gahunda,ariko ntabwo yifashishwa mu gusuzuma akarengane kandi kuba itari muri dosiye bitabangamiye ababuranyi mu kwiregura – Itegeko ngenga n° 03/2012/OL ryo ku wa 13/06/2012 rigena imiterere, imikorere n’ububasha by’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga,ingingo ya 81. Incamake y’ikibazo: Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma rwahanishije Kirabo igihano cy’imyaka itanu ku cyaha cyo gukora no gukoresha inyandiko mpimbano yari akurikiranyweho n.Ubushinjacyaha runamutegeka gusubiza abagize umuryango wa Bunyenyezi afatanyije n’Akarere ka Kayonza, amafaranga yishyuwe n’Ishuri Rikuru rya Rukara kuri yahawe kw’isambu n’ibikorwa byari biyirimo mu rwego rwa Expropriatio yi yo muryango. Kayoshe , Akarere ka Kayonza n’Abaregera indishyi bose bajuriye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana.Urwo Rukiko rwemeza ko ubujurire bwa Kirabo nta shingiro bufite, ariko rumugabanyiriza igihano rukivana ku gifungo cy’imyaka itanu (5) rugishyira ku mwaka umwe (1), rumutegeka we wenyine kwishura uwo amafaranga bacyiwe mu rwego rwambere. Uru rubanza rwasabiwe ko rwasubirwamo kumpamvu z’akarengane n’Urego rw’Umuvunyi. Rwasubirishijwemo ku mpamvu z’akarengane n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga. Aho mw’iburanasha abaregera indishyi basabye ko babanza kwerekwa raporo yakozwe n’Ubugenzuzi bw’Inkiko kugira ngo barebe ishingiro ry’akarengane kuko iramutse itabonetse urukiko rwaba rugiye gucira urubanza ku kimenyetso kitazwi n’ababuranyi, kandi ko inteko itagombye gusuzuma akarengane ababuranyi batayibonye ngo bamenye icyo ako karengane gashingiyeho, batanze n’inzitizi yu butakira icyo ikirego Kirabo we yireguye avuga ko iyo raporo atari ikimenyetso cyatanzwe n’urega kigenewe gukoreshwa n’ababuranyi,ku birebana n’inzitizi bakavuga ko ikirego cyabo kiri mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 81, agace kayo ka 2, y’Itegeko y’itegeko ngenga nº 03/2012/OL ryo ku wa 13/06/2012 rigena imiterere, imikorere n’ububasha by’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Raporo y’ubugenzuzi nta sano ifitanye n’urubanza, n’ubwo yifashishwa kugira ngo urubanza rushyirwe kuri gahunda,ariko ntabwo yifashishwa mu gusuzuma akarengane. 2. Iyo hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko Inkiko zabanje zirengangije amategeko n’ ibimenyetso bigaragarira buri wese biba ari impamvu zituma ikirego gisubirishamo urubanza ku mpamvu z’akarengane cyakirwa ngo gisuzumwe. Inzitizi nta shingiro ifite;Ikirego cyakiriwe kugira ngo kizasuzumwe mu mizi; Iburanisha rizakomeza . Amagarama abaye asubitswe..

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Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko ngenga n° 03/2012/OL ryo ku wa 13/06/2012 rigena imiterere, imikorere n’ububasha by’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga,ingingo ya 81. Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza nº RS/INJUST/COM 0001/13/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 03/01/2014.. Urubanza IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA MURI MAKE [1] Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma, Ubushinjacyaha bukurikiranye KIRABO Kayoshe Idah ku cyaha cyo gukora no gukoresha inyandiko mpimbano, aho bwavugaga ko yiyanditseho isambu yahawe umuryango wa BUNYENYEZI Chris akoresheje inyandiko mpimbano. [2] Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko KAYOSHE Kirabo Idah ahamwa n’icyaha rumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka itanu (5), rumutegeka gusubiza abagize umuryango wa BUNYENYEZI Chris afatanyije n’Akarere ka Kayonza, amafaranga 34.374.534 rwf yishyuwe n’Ishuri Rikuru rya Rukara kuri iyo sambu n’ibikorwa byari biyirimo mu rwego rwa Expropriation. [3] KAYOSHE Kirabo Idah, Akarere ka Kayonza n’Abaregera indishyi bose bajuriye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana maze ku wa 31/10/2012 ruca urubanza rwemeza ko ubujurire bwa KAYOSHE Kirabo Idah nta shingiro bufite, ariko rumugabanyiriza igihano rukivana ku gifungo cy’imyaka itanu (5) rugishyira ku mwaka umwe (1), rutegeka KAYOSHE Kirabo Idah wenyine guha umuryango wa BUNYENYEZI Christophe amafaranga angana 34.374.534 rwf. [4] Ku wa 05/07/2013 Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwandikiye Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rusaba ko urubanza nº RPA 0212/11/HC/RWG rwasubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane rwagejejweho na KAYOSHE Kirabo Idah. [5] Iburanisha ry’urubanza ryabereye mu ruhame ku wa 27/01/2014 KIRABO KAYOSHE Idah yitabye yunganiwe na Me GUMISIRIZA Hirary, abaregera indishyi bahagarariwe na Me ZITONI Pierre Claver afatanyije na Me IDAHEMUKA Tharcisse, Akarere ka Kayonza kaburanirwa na Me UMWALI Munyentwari Marie Claire, Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na NIYONKURU Françoise. [6] Iburanisha rigitangira Me ZITONI Pierre Claver na Me IDAHEMUKA Tharcisse baburanira abaregera indishyi basabye ko mbere y’uko iburanisha ritangira babanza kwerekwa raporo yakozwe n’ubugenzuzi bw’inkiko kugira ngo barebe ishingiro ry’akarengane kavugwa muri uru rubanza, ko iramutse itabonetse ubwo urukiko rwaba rugiye gucira urubanza ku kimenyetso kitazwi n’ababuranyi, ko kandi iyi raporo ari na yo Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga yahereyeho ategeka ko urubanza rwandikwa mu bitabo by’Urukiko, ko inteko itagombye gusuzuma akarengane ababuranyi batayibonye ngo bamenye icyo ako karengane gashingiyeho. [7] Me UMWALI Claire we avuga ko ntacyo yavuga kuri iki kibazo kubera ko nta myanzuro yabonye, ko icyo yabonye ari ibaruwa y’Umuvunyi gusa. Me GUMISIRIZA Hirary uburanira KAYOSHE Kirabo Idah we avuga ko icyo kibazo nta shingiro gifite kubera ko

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raporo y’Ubugenzuzi atari ikimenyetso cyatanzwe n’urega kigenewe gukoreshwa n’ababuranyi, ko iyo raporo igenewe Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 80 y’itegeko ngenga nº 03/2012/OL ryo ku wa 13/06/2012 rigena imiterere, imikorere n’ububasha by’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga. [8] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha we avuga ko ibyangombwa byose abona bihari, ko ariko niba abaregera indishyi bumva ko iyo raporo hari icyo yabafasha bayihabwa, ariko bo ku bwabo babona nta kibazo kuba itagaragara muri dosiye kuko babona ntacyo yabafashaho mu bijyanye no gutegura urubanza. [9] Urukiko nyuma yo kwiherera rwafatiye icyemezo ku ntebe rwemeza ko raporo y’ubugenzuzi nta sano ifitanye n’urubanza, ko n’ubwo yifashishwa kugira ngo urubanza rushyirwe kuri gahunda, itifashishwa mu gusuzuma akarengane. Kuba itari muri dosiye bikaba bitabangamiye ababuranyi mu kwiregura. [10] Me ZITONI Pierre Claver yongeye gutanga inzitizi avuga ko we asanga ikirego cyatanzwe na KAYOSHA KIRABO Idah kitagomba kwakirwa hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 81 y’itegeko ngenga nº 03/2012/OL ryo ku wa 13/06/2012 rigena imiterere, imikorere n’ububasha by’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, naho KIRABO KAYOSHE Idah n’umwunganira bakavuga ko ikirego cyabo kiri mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 81, agace kayo ka 2, y’Itegeko ngenga rimaze kuvugwa. IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYACYO Kumenya niba ikirego ku isubirishwamo ry’urubanza ku mpamvu z’akarengane, Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwashyikirije Urukiko rw’Ikirenga cyakwakirwa hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 81 y’itegeko-ngenga Nº03/2012/OL ryo ku wa 13/06/2012 rigena imiterere, imikorere n’ububasha by’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga. [11] Me ZITONI Claver na Me IDAHEMUKA Tharcisse baburanira abaregera indishyi bavuga ko ikirego cya KAYOSHE KIRABO Idah kitagombye kwakirwa kubera ko cyatanzwe nta ngingo n’imwe gishingiyeho mu ziteganywa n’ingingo ya 81 y’itegeko ngenga nº 03/2012/OL ryo ku wa 13/06/2012 rigena imiterere, imikorere n’ububasha by’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga uko ari eshatu, ko iyo usomye imyanzuro ya KAYOSHE KIRABO Idah usanga acishiriza akavuga ko ikirego cye gishingiye ku ngingo ya 81, mu gace kayo ka mbere. Kuvuga ko kandi umucamanza yirengangije ibimenyetso bigaragarira buri wese atari byo kubera ko kudaha agaciro ikimenyetso no kutagisuzuma bitandukanye, ko kandi umuntu ashobora no gucirirwa urubanza akazarinda arangiza inkiko zose atemeranya n’ibyemezo byagiye bifatwa. Kuba atemeranya n’ibyo umucamanza yavuze ku bimenyetso bye cyangwa se atarabihaye agaciro bikaba bitagaragaza akarengane. [12] Ababuranira abaregera indishyi bakomeza bavuga ko kandi gushingira ku ngingo ya 81, agace kayo ka 3, y’itegeko ngenga nº 03/2012/OL ryo ku wa 13/06/2012 rigena imiterere, imikorere n’ububasha by’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga nta shingiro bifite kubera ko urubanza rwarangijwe uwatsinzwe akaba afunze ndetse n’ibijyanye n’indishyi bikaba nta kibazo birateza, ko kandi nikivuka, uburyo impaka zivutse mu irangiza ry’urubanza zikemukamo busanzwe buzwi, ko kandi ibibazo bivutse mu irangiza ry’urubanza byose atari ko bitera akarengane [13] KIRABO Kayoshe Idah we avuga ko ikirego yatanze kiri mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ashingiye ku ngingo ya 81 y’itegeko nº 03/2012/OL ryo ku wa 13/06/2012 rigena imiterere, imikorere n’ububasha by’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, agace kayo ka 2 kavuga ku bijyanye no kuba Urukiko rwarirengagije ibimenyetso bigaragarira buri wese nk’uko biri

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mu mwanzuro w’inyongera yashyikirije Urukiko, ko kandi muri uwo mwanzuro yashyizemo amategeko menshi yirengagijwe harimo nk’ingingo ya 49 y’Itegeko ryerekeye impano n’izungura iteganya abagomba kuzungura, ndetse ko kandi yanashyizemo ko hirengagijwe ingingo ya 79 y’iryo tegeko ryerekeye izungura. [14] KIRABO KAYOSHE Idah avuga kandi ko mu bimenyetso bigaragarira buri wese byirengangijwe harimo inyandiko yo ku wa 29/05/1999 ijyanye n’uburyo yasaranganyijemo iyo sambu. [15] Me GUMISIRIZA Hirary wunganira KIRABO KAYOSHE Idah avuga ko ku byerekeranye n’amategeko hakoreshwa amategeko yatanzwe mu mwanzuro washyikirijwe urwego rw’Umuvunyi ngo kubera ko yagiye agaragaza amategeko yirengagijwe n’ibimenyetso bigaragarira buri wese. [16] Ku bijyanye no kuba urubanza rudashobora kurangizwa, Me GUMISIRIZA Hirary avuga ko impamvu urubanza rutarangizwa ari uko isambu iburanwa yiswe iy’umuryango kandi atari byo, kuko umutungo uturuka kuri SEBUNUNGURI udaturuka ku muryango wa BUNYENYEZI Chrystophe, ko rero urubanza ruramutse rurangijwe uko rwaciwe KAYOSHE Idah yaba agiriwe akarengane. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [17] Ingingo ya 81, igika cya mbere y’Itegeko ngenga n° 03/2012/OL ryo ku wa 13/06/2012 rigena imiterere, imikorere n’ububasha by’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, ivuga ko: “Urubanza rwaciwe ku rwego rwa nyuma rushobora gusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane: 1) iyo hari ibimenyetso simusiga bigaragaza ruswa, ikimenyane cyangwa icyenewabo byagize ingaruka ku mikirize y’urubanza bikaba bitarigeze bimenywa n’uwatsinzwe mu gihe cy’iburana; 2) iyo mu icibwa ry’urubanza hirengagijwe amategeko n’ibimenyetso bigaragarira buri wese; 3) n’ iyo urubanza rudashobora kurangizwa ukurikije imikirize yarwo.” [18] Urukiko rurasanga mu ibaruwa yo ku itariki ya 05/07/2013, Umuvunyi Mukuru yandikiye Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga asaba ko urubanza RPA 02012/11/HC/RWG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana, rwasubirwamo kubera impamvu z’akaregane, agaragaza ko mu rubanza rwaciwe hirengagijwe amategeko n’ibimenyetso bigaragarira buri wese. [19] Urukiko rurasanga kandi KAYOSHE KIRABO Idah wasabye ko urubanza rusubirwamo kubera impamvu z’akarengane avuga ko Inkiko zabanje zirengangije ibimenyetso bigaragarira buri wese harimo nk’inyandiko yo ku wa 29/05/1999 y’isaranganya, ko kandi yagiriwe akarengane kubera ko amafaranga yishyuwe isambu yose yeguriwe umuryango wa BUNYENYEZI Christophe hirengangijwe uruhare rwe muri iyo sambu ndetse ikaba yarafatiwe hamwe kandi igizwe n’ibice bibiri kimwe akaba ari icyo yasaranganyije. [20] KAYOSHE KIRABO Idah avuga ko kandi Inkiko zabanje zirengagije ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 49 n’iya 74 z’itegeko nº 22/99 ryo ku wa 12/11/1999 Itegeko ryuzuza igitabo cya mbere cy'urwunge rw'amategeko mbonezamubano kandi rishyiraho igice cya gatanu cyerekeye imicungire y'umutungo w'abashyingiranywe, impano n'izungura, ko hirengagijwe kandi ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 7 n’iya 29 z’Itegeko-ngenga nº 08/2005 ryo ku wa 15/07/2005 rigena imikoreshereze n’imicungire y’ubutaka mu Rwanda ryakoreshwaga ubwo iki kibazo cyavukaga.

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[21] Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rusanga rero, ingingo ya 81, igika cya mbere, agace ka 2 kavuga ku bimenyetso n’amategeko byirengagijwe, bisobanuye ko ibisabwa n’ako gace ku bijyanye n’iyakirwa ry’ikirego byubahirijwe, ishingiro ryabyo rikazasuzumwa mu mizi y’urubanza, bityo inzitizi yatanzwe n’abaregera indishyi ikaba itahabwa ishingiro, ibi kandi akaba ari na byo byemejwe mu rubanza nº RS/INJUST/COM 0001/13/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 03/01/2014. IV. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [22] Rwemeje ko inzitizi zatanzwe n’abaregera indishyi nta shingiro zifite, [23] Rwemeje ko ikirego cya KIRABO Kayoshe Idah cyakiriwe kugira ngo kizasuzumwe mu mizi . [24] Rwemeje ko iburanisha ry’urubanza RS/INJUST/PEN 0001/13/CS rizakomeza ku itariki ya 21/4/2014. [25] Ruvuze ko amagarama y’urubanza abaye asubitswe