LETA Y’U RWANDA (MINISITERI Y’IBIDUKIKIJE) v RUTAGANDA N’UNDI

# LETA Y’U RWANDA (MINISITERI Y’IBIDUKIKIJE) v RUTAGANDA N’UNDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2022-10-19 - Case/document no.: RAD 00001/2021/HC/NYZ - Collection: High Court

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LETA Y’U RWANDA (MINISITERI Y’IBIDUKIKIJE) v RUTAGANDA N’UNDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU, URUGEREKO RWA NYANZA – RAD 00001/2021/HC/NYZ – (Uwamariya, J. P.) 19 Ukwakira 2022] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’ubutegetsi – Gusiba urubanza – Iyo urega atitabye urukiko nta mpamvu, uregwa ashobora gusaba ko urubanza rusibwa cyangwa agasaba ko ruburanishwa mu mizi yarwo, urubanza ruciwe rukazafatwa nk’aho rwaburanishijwe ababuranyi bahari – Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 54. Incamake y’ikibazo: Leta y’u Rwanda (Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije) yatambamiye urubanza rwabaye hagati y’Akarere ka Nyamagabe na Rutiganda rwaciwe n’uru Rukiko Rukuru, kuko itegeze irubamo umuburanyi, aho yifuzaga ko urwo rubanza rusubirwamo mu ngingo zarwo zose, rukaba rwari rwaratangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyamagabe Rutiganda arega akarere ka Nyamagabe. Mu Rukiko rwabanje, Rutiganda arega avuga ko Akarere kafashe icyemezo kimubuza gusarura igice cy’ishyamba rimwanditseho ndetse kanamubuza kwibaruzaho ikindi gice cy’ishyamba rye afitiye ibimenyetso byerekana uburyo yaribonyemo. Urukiko rwemeje ko ahabwa ubwo burenganzira bwe asaba. Ibi byatumye Akarere ka Nyamagabe kajuririra uru Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza, kavuga ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwirengagije ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko ishyamba Rutiganda yiyitirira atari irye. Urukiko Rukuru ntirwahinduye icyemezo cyajuririwe kubera ko ibyo Akarere kasabaga ko bishingirwaho aribyo byagendeweho n’Urukiko rwabanje mu guca urubanza. Kuberako Leta y’u Rwanda itarubayemo umuburanyi kandi ishyamba ryaburanywe ari iryayo, yararutambamiye isaba ko rwasubirwamo mu ngingo zarwo zose, ikabasha kurengera umutungo wa Leta ishinzwe gucunga, kandi ifitiye ibyangombwa. Urwo rubanza rutambamira urundi rwahawe igihe cyo kuburanishwa ariko Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije n’Akarere ka Nyamagabe ntibitabye maze hafatwa umwanzuro ko rusibwe mu bitabo by’urukiko kuko rwabonaga nta nyungu bagifite mu gukurikirana uru rubanza. Incamake y’icyemezo: Iyo urega atitabye urukiko nta mpamvu, uregwa ashobora gusaba ko urubanza rusibwa cyangwa agasaba ko ruburanishwa mu mizi yarwo, urubanza ruciwe rukazafatwa nk’aho rwaburanishijwe ababuranyi bahari. Bityo, kuba Leta y’u Rwanda, Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije yareze ititabye, ntinamenyeshe Urukiko impamvu yayibujije, urubanza rutambamira rwasibwe mu bitabo by’urukiko. Urubanza rutambamira rusibwe mu bitabo by’urukiko. Amagarama aherera ku isanduku ya Leta. Amategeko yashingiweho:

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Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 54, 111 n’iya 270. Nta manza zifashishijwe. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Urubanza RADA 00005/2019/HC/NYZ rwaciwe n’uru Rukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa Nyanza ku wa 05/03/2020, rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyamagabe kuri nomero RAD 00007/2018/TGI/NYBE Rutiganda Patrice arega Akarere ka Nyamagabe, avuga ko kafashe icyemezo kimubuza gusarura igice cy’ishyamba rimwanditseho ndetse kinamubuza kwibaruzaho ikindi gice cy’ishyamba rye afitiye ibimenyetso byerekana uburyo yaribonyemo. Yavuze ko yatangiye kubuzwa ubwo burenganzira ubwo hari hatangiye ibarura ry’ubutaka, Akarere kakanga ko abarurwaho igice kimwe cy’ishyamba rye, ikindi gice yari yamaze kubarurwaho abuzwa kugisarura kuko yabwirwaga ko hazabanza gushyirwaho komisiyo izasuzuma niba iryo shyamba yita ko ari irye ari irye koko cyangwa niba ari irya Leta. [2] Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyamagabe rwemeje ko Rutiganda Patrice abarurwaho igice cy’ishyamba rya pinusi atabaruweho ndetse ko asubizwa uburenganzira busesuye ku kindi gice cy’ishyamba yabaruweho mu mudugudu wa Ngoma, mu kagari ka Rusekera, Umurenge wa Musebeya, Akarere ka Nyamagabe, Intara y’Amajyepfo. Rwategetse ko icyemezo cyari cyafashwe n’Akarere ka Nyamagabe cyo kubuza Rutiganda Patrice kubarurwaho igice kimwe cy’ishyamba aburana no kumubuza ubundi burenganzira ku kindi gice yari yamaze kubarurwaho giteshejwe agaciro. Akarere ka Nyamagabe kategetswe guha Rutiganda Patrice amafaranga ibihumbi magana atandatu (600 000 Frw) akubiyemo igihembo cy’Avoka n’ayo yatanze mu gukurikirana urubanza, kakanamusubiza amafaranga ibihumbi mirongo itanu (50 000 Frw) yatanzeho ingwate y’amagarama arega. [3] Akarere ka Nyamagabe ntikishimiye icyo cyemezo, kajuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza kavuga ko katishimiye ibyashingiweho n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyamagabe, aho rwavuze ko imbibi z’iryo shyamba ryose Rutiganda Patrice aburana zigizwe n’ishyamba rya Bimenyi, inzira yo mu Ryinyurira yerekanywe na Rutiganda Patrice n’umutangabuhamya Rwajekera Vincent, urutare n’umugezi wa Ngoma, mbese ikibazo kinini cyatumye kajurira akaba aruko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyamagabe rwirengagije ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko ishyamba Rutiganda Patrice yiyitirira atari irye. [4] Uru rukiko rwasanze ibyo Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyamagabe rwabonye igihe rwakoraga iperereza ari byo bikwiye gukomeza gushingirwaho kuko ari byo bihura neza n’ibyo uwaburaniye Akarere ka Nyamagabe yifuzaga ko byashingirwaho, ntirwashingira ku byagaragajwe n’umuhanga washyizweho n’Akarere ka Nyamagabe, kuko raporo yakozwe n’umuhanga itagaragaza ko mu Rwinyurira ishyamba rya Leta rigabana n’irya Rutiganda Patrice nkuko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwabyiboneye mu iperereza rugahabwa n’ibindi bimenyetso

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bibihamya birimo inyandiko n’imvugo z’abatangabuhamya, ntirwahindura icyemezo cyajuririwe. [5] Leta y'u Rwanda, Minisiteri y’ Ibidukikije, yatambamiye imikirize y’uru rubanza kubera ko ngo itarubayemo umuburanyi kandi ishyamba ryaburanywe ari irya Leta y’u Rwanda Minisiteri y'ibidukikije, urubanza rukaba rwasubirwamo mu ngingo zarwo zose, ikabasha kurengera umutungo wa Leta ishinzwe gucunga, kandi ifitiye ibyangombwa. Yatanze ikirego ku wa 14/07/2021, cyandikwa ku wa 15/07/2021 kuri RAD 00001/2021/HC/NYZ, urubanza ruhamagarwa gukorerwa inama ntegurarubanza ku wa 10/01/2022, bahabwa itariki yo kuburana yo ku wa wa 10/10/2022, ariko uwo munsi urubanza ntirwaburanishwa kuko kubera ko umucamanza yari ari kwiga muri ILPD, urubanza rwimurirwa ku wa 19/10/2022, kuri uyu munsi Urukiko rusanga hitabye Rutiganda ahagarariwe na Me Ndatsikira J.M.V., naho Leta y’u Rwanda Minisiteri y’ibidukikije n’Akarere ka Nyamagabe bititabye, Me Ndatsikira J.M.V uyu asaba ko ikirego cyasibwa kuko abatitabye abona ko nta nyungu bagifite mu rubanza, anasaba ko Rutiganda yasubizwa amafaranga yatakaje kuri uru rubanza. - Icyo urukiko rugomba gusuzuma muri uru rubanza, ni ukumenya niba ari nta nyungu urega agifite mu gukurikirana uru rubanza ku buryo rwasibwa mu bitabo by’urukiko, no gusuzuma indishyi zisabwa muri rubanza. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA 1. Kumenya niba ari nta nyungu urega agifite mu gukurikirana uru rubanza ku buryo urubanza rwasibwa mu bitabo by’urukiko [6] Mu nama ntegurarubanza yo ku wa 10/01/2022, urubanza rwahawe itariki y’iburanisha yo ku wa 10/10/2022. Uwo munsi ariko urubanza ntirwaburanishijwe kuko umucamanza yari ari kwiga muri ILPD, rwimurirwa ku wa 19/10/2022, kuri uyu munsi Urukiko ruhamagaje urubanza rusanga hitabye Rutiganda ahagarariwe na Me Ndatsikira J.M.V., Leta y’ U Rwanda Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije n’Akarere ka Nyamagabe bititabye, Me Ndatsikira J.M.V asaba ko ikirego cyasibwa mu bitabo by’urukiko, kuko ari uwatambamiye urubanza ari n’Akarere ka Nyamagabe bose ari bamwe kuko baburanirwa na Mandataire wa Leta, akabona ko nta nyungu bagifite zo gukurikirana urubanza. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [7] Ingingo ya 54 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, iteganya ko iyo urega atitabye urukiko nta mpamvu, uregwa ashobora gusaba ko urubanza rusibwa cyangwa agasaba ko ruburanishwa mu mizi yarwo, urubanza ruciwe rukazafatwa nk’aho rwaburanishijwe ababuranyi bahari, keretse iyo urukiko, ku nyungu z’ubutabera kandi mu buryo buteganywa n’iri tegeko, rusanze ari ngombwa ko urubanza rwimurirwa ku yindi tariki kugira ngo urega yongere ahamagazwe. Iyo urubanza rusibwe, icyo cyemezo kiba kivanyeho urubanza n’amagarama yatanzwe yose agaherera k’urega. [8] Urukiko rubona ko kuba Leta y’u Rwanda Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije yareze ititabye, ntinamenyesje Urukiko impamvu yayibujije kwitaba, Urukiko rushingiye ku biteganywa n’iyi

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ngingo imaze kuvugwa, rurasanga uru rubanza rugomba gusibwa mu bitabo by’Urukiko amagarama agahererezwa ku isanduku ya Leta kuko Leta idatanga amagarama.1 2. Gusuzuma indishyi zisabwa muri rubanza [9] Me Ndatsikira Jean Marie Vianney arasaba ko uwo ahagarariye yahabwa indishyi z’akababaro zingana na 5.000.000 frw, indishyi mbonezamusaruro zingana na 15.000.000Frw kuko gutambamira izi manza bikomeza kumuvutsa gusarura ishyamba rye, agasubiza n’igihembo cy’avoka kingana na 1,000,000Frw. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [10] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, iteganya ko ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ari ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe. [11] Urukiko rubona ko nubwo urubanza rusibwe mu bitabo by’Urukiko, hashingiwe ku biteganya n’iyi ngingo imaze kuvugwa, nta cyabuza gusuzuma indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza zisabwa n’uregwa. Bityo Leta y’u Rwanda Minisiteri y’ibidukikije ikaba igomba kwishyura Rutiganda indishyi z’gihembo cy’avoka zingana na 500.000 frw agenzwe mu bushishozi bw’urukiko, naho izindi ndishyi zisabwa zikaba zidasuzumwe kuko urubanza rudasuzumwe mu mizi. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [12] Rwemeje ko urubanza RAD 00001/2021/HC/NYZ Leta y’u Rwanda Minisiteri y’ibidukikije yaregeye itambamira imikirize y’urubanza rusibwe mu bitabo by’Urukiko. [13] Rutegetse Leta y’u Rwanda Minisiteri y’ibidukikije guha Rutiganda indishyi z’igihembo cy’avoka zingana n’amafaranga y’u Rwanda ibihumbi Magana atanu (500.000 frw). [14] Rutegetse ko amagarama y’urubanza ahererejwe ku isaduku ya Leta. 1 Reba ingingo ya 270 y’ Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi. Aba bakurikira basonerwa gutanga ingwate y’amagarama: 1° abatishoboye, iyo berekanye icyemezo gitangwa n’inzego z’ubutegetsi zibishinzwe z’aho batuye; 2° Leta y’u Rwanda, uretse ibigo byayo n’inzego zayo bifite ubuzima gatozi; 3° abana bahagariwe n’abatishoboye; 4° abahagarariye abana baregeye indishyi mu manza z’ibyaha byerekeye gusambanya umwana. Abavugwa muri iyi ngingo basonewe gutanga amagarama, basonerwa no gucibwa amagarama iyo batsinzwe urubanza.