MANISHIMWE v. UBUSHINJACYAHA

# MANISHIMWE v. UBUSHINJACYAHA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-12-23 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00548/2025/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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MANISHIMWE v. UBUSHINJACYAHA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00548/2025/CA (Rutazana, P.J.,) 23 Ukuboza 2025] Amategeko agenga ibyaha n’ibihano – Icyaha cyo gukoresha undi imibonano mpuzabitsina ku gahato – Gusaba kugabanyirizwa igihano – Iyo hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemejwe n’umucamanza, igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi 15. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Manishimwe Emmanuel mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo gukoresha N.C imibonano mpuzabitsina ku gahato, bityo busaba ko kimuhama maze agahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ingana na 1.000.000Frw. Manishimwe Emmanuel yaburanye afashijwe n’umusemuzi w’ururimi rw’amarenga Urukiko rwifashishije, avuga ko yemera ko yageze kwa N.C. kandi ko yamushyize intoki mu gitsina, ariko ko icyaha cyo kumukoresha imibonano mpuzabitsina ku gahato atacyemera. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma, rwemeje ko ibikorwa rwaregewe bigize icyaha cyo kwangiza imyanya ndangagitsina, kikaba ari cyo gihama uregwa, rubishingiye ku bimenyetso bitandukanye, maze rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu. Manishimwe yajuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana, we n’uwamwunganiraga bavuga ko urubanza bajuririye rwaburanishijwe hatubahirijwe amahame agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, kuko Manishimwe Emmanuel atigeze amenyeshwa icyaha aregwa ngo anacyiregureho, ndetse akaba atari yunganiwe kandi afite ubumuga bwo kutumva no kutabona; bityo basaba ko ahita arekurwa Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko Manishimwe agomba kuburana yunganiwe kandi afite umusemuzi, iburanisha rirasubikwa kugira ngo habanze hashakwe umusemuzi, nyuma Urukiko rwumvikana n’abagize umuryango w’uregwa n’umwunganira ko ruzifashisha uwitwa Nsengumukiza Jean Claude wari usanzwe abana nawe akaba ari we usemura ibyo avuga kuri urwo rwego rw’ubujurire, kuko nta wundi musemuzi wabonetse. Mu iburanisha Manishimwe abinyujije ku musemuzi we, yasabye imbabazi z’icyaha yakoze, avuga ko atazongera gusambanya undi ku gahato; naho umwunganiraga akomeza gusaba ko agirwa umwere kuko nta bushake yari afite bwo gukora icyaha aregwa. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha yavuze ko ibivugwa na Me Muhoza Jean Claude nta gaciro bikwiriye guhabwa, kuko Manishimwe Emmanuel yiyemerera icyaha; asaba ariko ko yagabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku Itegeko rishya riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana nyuma y’isesengura rwemeje ko Manishimwe ahamwa n’icyaha cyo kwangiza imyanya ndangagitsina y’undi, ariko ko igihano yahanishijwe kigomba kugabanywa, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15), rushingiye ku murongo watanzwe n’inkiko.

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Manishimwe yongeye kujuririra mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire,we n’umwunganira bavuga ko badahakana ko icyaha yahamijwe cyakozwe, ko icyo basaba ari uko agabanyirizwa igihano kuko uwo yakoreye icyaha yamubabariye, kandi akaba abana n’ubumuga bwo kutumva no kutabona; ndetse akaba ari ubwa mbere arikiranyweho icyaha. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko uretse no kuba impamvu nyoroshyacyaha Manishimwe ashingiraho asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano nta shingiro zifite, bitanashoboka ko igihano yahanishijwe cyakongera kugabanywa kuko ari cyo gito giteganywa n’itegeko ku cyaha yahamijwe cyo kwangiza imyanya ndangagitsina y’undi. Urukiko rurasuzuma niba igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 Manishimwe Emmanuel yahanishijwe kubera icyaha yahamijwe cyo kwangiza imyanga ndangagitsina y’undi gishobora kongera kugabaywa kuri uru rwego. Incamake y’icyemezo: Iyo hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemejwe n’umucamanza, igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi 15. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N˚ 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ingingo ya 114. Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RPAA 00262/2025/CA rw’ Ubushinjacyaha na Musabyimana, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28/11/2025. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku wa 09/08/2021, uwitwa Manishimwe Emmanuel ufite ubumuga bwo kutumva no kutabona yagiye kwa N.C1 amusanga aho yari ari mu kazu kabamo ibyana by’ingurube, hanyuma arakinga amusaba ko basambana, N.C yanze Manishimwe Emmanuel atangira kumwambura ijipo yari yambaye ndetse amutura hasi, amushora ikiganza mu gitsina arahakomeretsa. N.C yaratabaje habanza kuza umwana we nyuma haza n’abandi bantu, Manishimwe Emmanuel aca mu idirishya arahunga, ariko aza gufatwa atangira gukurikiranwa. [2] Nyuma y’iperereza Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Manishimwe Emmanuel mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo gukoresha undi imibonano mpuzabitsina

1 Iri zina yarihawe muri uru rubanza mu rwego rwo kurinda umwirondoro we.

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ku gahato, busaba ko kimuhama agahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ingana na 1.000.000Frw. [3] Manishimwe Emmanuel yaburanye afashijwe n’umusemuzi w’ururimi rw’amarenga Urukiko rwifashishije, avuga ko yemera ko yageze kwa N.C. kandi ko yamushyize intoki mu gitsina, ariko ko icyaha cyo kumukoresha imibonano mpuzabitsina ku gahato atacyemera. [4] Mu rubanza RP 01229/2021/TGI/NGOMA rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma ku wa 29/10/2021, rwemeje ko ibikorwa rwaregewe bigize icyaha cyo kwangiza imyanya ndangagitsina kikaba ari cyo gihama Manishimwe Emmanuel, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu. Ibyo Urukiko rwabyemeje rushingiye ku bimenyetso birimo imvugo z’abatangabuhamya batabaye N.C, raporo ya muganga igaragaza ko yari yangiritse mu gitsina ndetse hava amaraso (sexual assault, has 4th degree perineal tear with moderate vaginal bleeding) n’imvugo za Manishimwe Emmanuel mu ibazwa rye mu Bugenzacyaha aho yemeye ko yagiye kwa N.C kandi ko yamushyize intoki mu gitsina. [5] Manishimwe Emmanuel yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana, we na Me Muhoza Jean Claude wamwunganiraga bavuga ko urubanza bajuririye rwaburanishijwe hatubahirijwe amahame agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, kuko Manishimwe Emmanuel atigeze amenyeshwa icyaha aregwa ngo anacyiregureho, ndetse akaba atari yunganiwe kandi afite ubumuga bwo kutumva no kutabona; basaba ko ahita arekurwa hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 97 y’Itegeko N˚ 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha. [6] Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko Manishimwe Emmanuel agomba kuburana yunganiwe kandi afite umusemuzi, iburanisha rirasubikwa kugira ngo habanze hashakwe umusemuzi, nyuma Urukiko rwumvikana n’abagize umuryango wa Manishimwe Emmanuel n’umwunganira ko ruzifashisha uwitwa Nsengumukiza Jean Claude wari usanzwe abana na Manishimwe Emmanuel akaba ari we usemura ibyo avuga kuri urwo rwego rw’ubujurire, kuko nta wundi musemuzi wabonetse. [7] Mu iburanisha Manishimwe Emmanuel abinyujije ku musemuzi we, yasabye imbabazi z’icyaha yakoze, avuga ko atazongera gusambanya undi ku gahato; naho Me Muhoza Jean Claude wamwunganiraga akomeza gusaba ko agirwa umwere kuko nta bushake yari afite bwo gukora icyaha aregwa. [8] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha yavuze ko ibivugwa na Me Muhoza Jean Claude nta gaciro bikwiriye guhabwa, kuko Manishimwe Emmanuel yiyemerera icyaha; asaba ariko ko yagabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku Itegeko rishya riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. [9] Mu rubanza RPA 01397/2021/HC/RWG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana ku wa 11/04/2025, rwemeje ko Manishimwe Emmanuel ahamwa n’icyaha cyo kwangiza imyanya ndangagitsina y’undi, ariko ko igihano yahanishijwe kigomba kugabanywa, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15), rushingiye ku murongo watanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu rubanza RPAA 00442/2022/CA rwaciwe ku wa 24/11/2023 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Habumugisha Daniel.

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[10] Manishimwe Emmanuel yongeye kujuririra Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, ubujurire bwe bwandikwa kuri RPAA 00548/2025/CA, urubanza ruburanishwa mu ruhame ku wa 04/12/2025 yunganiwe na Me Byiringiro Kalisa, hari n’umusemuzi w’ururimi rw’amarenga witwa Izabayo Fabrice, naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Uwanziga Lydia, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [11] Mu mwanzuro w’ubujurire no mu miburanire ye, Manishimwe Emmanuel n’umwunganira bavuga ko badahakana ko icyaha yahamijwe cyakozwe, ko icyo basaba ari uko agabanyirizwa igihano kuko uwo yakoreye icyaha yamubabariye, kandi akaba abana n’ubumuga bwo kutumva no kutabona; ndetse akaba ari ubwa mbere arikiranyweho icyaha. [12] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko uretse no kuba impamvu nyoroshyacyaha Manishimwe Emmanuel ashingiraho asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano nta shingiro zifite, bitanashoboka ko igihano yahanishijwe cyakongera kugabanywa kuko ari cyo gito giteganywa n’itegeko ku cyaha yahamijwe cyo kwangiza imyanya ndangagitsina y’undi. [13] Urukiko rurasuzuma niba igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 Manishimwe Emmanuel yahanishijwe kubera icyaha yahamijwe cyo kwangiza imyanga ndangagitsina y’undi gishobora kongera kugabaywa kuri uru rwego. II. ISESENGURA RY’IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA Kumenya niba igihano Manishimwe Emmanuel yahanishijwe gishobora kongera kugabaywa kuri uru rwego [14] Manishimwe Emmanuel n’umwunganira bavuga ko badahakana ko icyaha yahamijwe mu rubanza rwajuririwe cyakozwe, ariko icyo ubujurire bwe bugamije ari ugusaba ko igihano yahanishijwe kigabanywa hashingiwe ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha zikurikira: a) kuba atarigeze agambirira kugirira nabi N.C, ahubwo yaguye mu cyaha kubera ubumuga afite bwo kutumva no kutavuga bwatumye badashobora guhuza, ntiyanagira ubunararibonye n’ubushishozi, kandi kuba N.C akaba yaramuhaye imbabazi dore ko ari we wumva neza uburemere bw’icyaha yakorewe; b) kuba afite ubumuga bwo kutumva no kutabona bityo akaba atarabashije kwisobanura, bituma ahanirwa icyaha cyo kwangiza imyanya ndangagitsina y’undi mu gihe yari yararezwe icyaha cyo gukoresha undi imibonano mpuzabitsina ku gahato; agasaba guhabwa hakurikijwe imikorere y’icyaha; [15] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ubujurire bwa Manishimwe Emmanuel ashingiraho asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano nta shingiro bufite, kuko uretse no kuba igihano yahanishijwe kidashobora kongera kugabanywa kuko ari cyo gito giteganywa n’itegeko ku cyaha yahamijwe cyo kwangiza imyanya ndangagitsina y’undi, n’impamvu nyoroshyacyaha ashingiraho asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano nta shingiro zifite, kubera impamvu zikurikira: a) Icyaha yahamijwe yagikoze yakigambiriye kuko yinjiye mu nzu N.C yari arimo arakinga, amukuramo ijipo ndetse amushyira intoki mu gitsina aramukomeretsa, yumvise avugije induru atabaza ariruka; ko kuba yarabanje gukinga urugi byumvikanisha ko yari azi neza ko ibyo agiye gukora binyuranyije n’amategeko;

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b) hashingiwe ku biteganywa mu ngingo ya 85 2y’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, 1 º ushinjwa ari umwana utarageza ku myaka cumi n’ine (14) y’amavuko; 2 º ushinjwa yari afite uburwayi bwo mu mutwe mu gihe yakoraga icyaha; Uwitesheje ubwenge yabishatse mu gihe cyo gukora icyaha aryozwa icyaha yakoze n’ubwo yaba yaritesheje ubwenge atagambiriye gukora icyaha. kuba Manishimwe Emmanuel afite ubumuga bwo kutumva no kutavuga si impamvu yatuma ataryozwa icyaha yakoze kuko adafite uburwayi bwo mu mutwe ; c) kuba uwahohotewe yaba yaramuhaye imbabazi ntibireba urubanza rw’inshinjabyaha ku buryo yabyitwaza asaba ko bishingirwaho nk’impamvu nyoroshyacyaha ituma agabanyirizwa igihano, ahubwo bishobora gutuma N.C areka gutanga ikirego cy’indishyi. d) ku nzego zose Manishimwe Emmanuel yaburanye umusemuzi, bityo rero ibyo yavugaga byose byasemurwaga; ikindi kandi ntiyahamijwe icyaha cyo kwangiza imyanya ndangagitsina y’undi kubera ko atashoboye kwisobanura, ahubwo nyuma yo gusesengura ibikorwa yakoze kandi yemeraga, Urukiko rwasanze ibyo bikorwa bigize icyaha cyo kwangiza imyanya ndangagitsina y’undi aho kuba icyaha cyo gukoresha imibonano mpuzabitsina ku gahato yari yarezwe mbere. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [16] Impaka muri uru rubaza zishingiye ku kumenya niba igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 Manishimwe Emmanuel yahanishijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana kubera icyaha cyo kwangiza imyanya ndangagitsina y’undi gishobora kongera kugabanywa kuri uru rwego. [17] Icyaha cyo kwangiza imyanya ndangagitsina y’undi gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 114 y’Itegeko N˚ 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu iteganya ko umuntu wese wangiza imyanya ndangagitsina y’undi muntu aba akoze icyaha, ko iyo abihamijwe n’urukiko, ahanishwa igifungo cya burundu. [18] Imanza zinyuranye zaciwe n’uru Rukiko zihuriza ku murongo w’uko iyo hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemejwe n’umucamanza igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi 15. Mu manza ziheruka gucibwa muri uwo mujyo harimo nk’urubanza RPAA 00262/2025/CA rwaciwe ku wa 28/11/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Musabyimana Valens Juvénal (igika cya 18). [19] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, rurasanga hashingiwe ku murongo wagaragajwe mu gika kibanziriza iki, ubusabe bwa Manishimwe Emmanuel bwo kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 yahanishijwe mu rubanza rwajuririwe nta shingiro bufite, kuko icyo gihano aricyo gito Itegeko riteganya ku cyaha yahamijwe cyo kwangiza imyanya ndangagitsina

2Nta buryozwacyaha bubaho iyo:

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y’undi; bityo rero hakaba nta mpamvu yo gusuzuma impamvu nyoroshyacyaha ashingiraho ubujurire bwe. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [20] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Manishimwe Emmanuel nta shingiro bufite. [21] Rwemeje ko urubanza RPA 01397/2021/HC/RWG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana ku wa 11/04/2025 rudahindutse. [22] Rutegetse ko igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) Manishimwe Emmanuel yahanishijwe kigumyeho. [23] Rutegetse ko Manishimwe Emmanuel asonewe amagarama y’urubanza kuko aburana afunze.