UBUSHINJACYAHA v MBABAZI

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v MBABAZI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-09-30 - Case/document no.: RPAA 01381/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v MBABAZI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE - RPAA 01381/2024/CA (Mukamurenzi, P.J.) 30 Nzeri 2025] Amategeko agenga imanza z’inshinjabyaha - Ibimenyetso – Ubuhamya - Ihame ku birebana n’ubuhamya - Umutangabuhamya avuga mu rukiko ibyo yiboneye cyangwa ibyo yumvise mu buryo butaziguye, urukiko, mu bushishozi bwarwo, rugasuzuma icyizere cyangwa ireme bukwiye guhabwa. Amategeko agenga imanza z’inshinjabyaha – Ibimenyetso biziguye - Harebwe ububasha bw’Urukiko bwo gusuzuma mu bwigenge no mu bushishozi bwarwo ibimenyetso byose rwashyikirijwe, harebwe na none intego y’amategeko y’ibimenyetso (objectif du droit de la preuve) yo gushakisha ukuri, Inkiko zemera ibimenyetso biziguye (preuve indirecte) cyangwa ibimenyetso bishingiye ku mabwire iyo byizewe (preuve par ouï-dire), bivuze ko ari ihame ko ubuhamya butaziguye cyangwa ubuhamya buziguye bwemewe iyo bwizewe. Amategeko aganga ibimenyetso – Imanza z’inshinjabyaha – Abaregwa bafite icyo bapfa n’abatangabuhamya - Nubwo abatangabuhamya babajijwe baba bafite icyo bapfa n’abaregwa, ibyo ntibyafatwa nk’umuziro kuribo utuma batabazwa, icy’ingenzi ni uko imvugo yabo itapfa kwemerwa cyangwa ngo ihakanwe itabanje gusuzumwa n’Urukiko. Amategeko aganga ibimenyetso – Imanza z’inshinjabyaha – Ikimenyetso cya raporo ya muganga - Ikimenyetso cya raporo ya muganga gishobora kuba kimwe mu bimenyetso, ariko si cyo kamara umucamanza ashingiraho kugira ngo ace urubanz, kuko n’iyo raporo ya muganga yaba ihari itamuboha ku buryo agomba kuyigenderaho byanze bikunze. Incamake y’ikibazo: Mbabazi yaketsweho gusamabanya abana 3 b’abakobwa, arafatwa, ubushinjacyaha bumurega mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, aburana ahakana icyo cyaha aviga ko ari akagambane yakorewe n’ababyeyi b’abo bana kuko hari ibyo bapfa, urukiko rusanga ahamwa n’icyaha, ruhanisha igifungo cya burundu. Uregwa yajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukuko Rukuru avuga ko yahamijwe icyaha atakoze kandi ko ibyo yasabye ibitahawe agaciro, urukiko rwasanze ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite ariko hashingiwe ku mpamvu nyoroshya cyaha, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 20. Mbabazi na none ntiyanyuzwe n’icyo cyemezo akijuririra mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, hasuzumwa ikibazo cyo kumenya niba yarahamijwe icyaha nta raporo ya muganga igaragaza ko ari we wagikoze ndetse no kuba harashingiwe ku buhamya bw’abavuga ibyo batiboneye. Asobanura ko atigeze mu kumuhamya icyaha hashingiwe ku buhamya bw’ababyeyi b’abo bana kandi batarigeze babona abasambanya ndetse no ku mvugo z’abo bana gusa. Yongera ho kandi ko hatigeze hagaragazwa ikimenyetso cya DNA kigaragaza ko ari we wasambanyije abo bana dore ko yanasabye ko cyakorwa ariko nticyakorwa bityo ubwo buhamya bwose bukaba bushidikanywaho. Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko muganga yapimye abo bana agasanga bafite indwara zandurira mu myanya ndangagitsina ariko zikira akaba ariyo mpmvu batamupimye kandi DNA ikaba atari ikimenyetso kamara mu kwemeza ko habayeho gusambanya umwana. Bukomeza busobanura ko

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iby’uko abatangabuhamya bari bafitanye amakimbirane n’uregwa kandi bakaba baravuze ibyo bumvise gusa atari impamvu yatuma ubuhamya bwabo budahabwa agaciro kuko mu manza nshinjabyaha ubuhamya bwose bwemewe, urukiko akaba arirwo rusesengura ireme ryabwo. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Ikimenyetso cya raporo ya muganga gishobora kuba kimwe mu bimenyetso, ariko si cyo kamara umucamanza ashingiraho kugira ngo ace urubanza kuko n’iyo raporo ya muganga yaba ihari itamuboha ku buryo agomba kuyigenderaho byanze bikunze. 2. Nubwo abatangabuhamya babajijwe baba bafite icyo bapfa n’abaregwa, ibyo ntibyafatwa nk’umuziro kuri bo utuma batabazwa, icy’ingenzi ni uko imvugo yabo itapfa kwemerwa cyangwa ngo ihakanwe itabanje gusuzumwa n’Urukiko. 3. Ubuhamya butaziguye cyangwa ubuhamya buziguye bwemerwa iyo bwizewe. Ubujurire, nta shingiro bufite. Nta mategeko yashingiweho Imanza zifashishijwe: RPAA 0117/07/CS, Cpl Ngabonziza Faustin na Sgt Biziyaremye Jean Baptiste, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 17/09/2010; RPAA/ Gén 00002/2018/CA, Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Twahirwa François, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 25/7/2023; RPA 00005/2021/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Rubayiza Jean-Baptiste, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 14/03/2025; RPAA 00058/2021/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Nkizemenshi Innocent, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28/05/2024; RPAA 00468/2022/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Kubwimana Elias rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 30/01/2025. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA

[1] Mbabazi Jean de Dieu yaketsweho kuba mu bihe bitandukanye n’ahantu hatandukanye yarasambanyije abana batanu b’abakokbwa, babiri bafite imyaka 11 n’abandi batatu bafite imyaka 9 abashukishije kubaha amafaranga n’amandazi kugira ngo batazabivuga. [2] Nyuma y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Mbabazi Jean De Dieu mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, aburana ahakana icyaha aregwa asobanura ko ari akagambane yakorewe n’abaturanyi be kubera ko hari ibyo bapfaga, asaba kurenganurwa. [3] Mu rubanza N° RP01131/2020/TGI/GSBO rwaciwe ku wa 25/03/2021, Urukiko rwemeje ko Mbabazi Jean De Dieu ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya abana batatu b’abakobwa aribo I.Sy.,

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I.S. na U.F., rushingiye kuri raporo za muganga zagaragaje ko banduye indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina (STD’s) no ku nyandiko mvugo z’ababyeyi babo bana bavugiye mu Bugenzacyaha, maze rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu. [4] Mbabazi Jean de Dieu yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru avuga ko uburenganzira bwe bwo kwiregura butubahirijwe nk’uko bikwiye, kuko urukiko rwaburanishije urubanza mu mizi rutakiriye ubusabe bwe kandi aribwo bwari bukubiyemo byose, maze rumuhamya icyaha cyo gusambanya abana ku ngufu nta cyemezo cya muganga gishingiweho n’abatangabuhamya bamushinjura batigeze babazwa. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha yavuze ko igihano uregwa yahanishijwe kitakongera kugabanywa kuko atashoboye kuvuguruza ibimenyetso byashingiweho ahamwa n’icyaha ku rwego rubanza. [5] Mu rubanza No RPA 00572/2021/HC/KIG rwaciwe ku wa 22/11/2024, Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Mbabazi Jean de Dieu nta shingiro bufite kuko nta bimenyetso yatanze bivuguruza ibyashingiweho mu ku muhamya icyaha, rwemeza ko agabanyirizwa igihano kubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20). Mu gufata icyemezo, Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze kuba aribwo bwa mbere Mbabazi Jean de Dieu yari akoze icyaha, byamubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha isuzumiwe mu bujurire ituma igihano yahawe mu rwego rubanza kigabanuka n’ubwo ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite. [6] Mbabazi Jean de Dieu yajuririye imikirize y’urubanza mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza ruhabwa N° RPAA 01381/2024/CA, iburanisha mu ruhame rishyirwa ku wa 11/09/2025, uwo munsi ugeze ryimurirwa ku wa 18/09/2025, Mbabazi Jean De Dieu yitabye Urukiko yunganiwe na Me Nyiramatama Bernadette naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Niyibizi Tite, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [7] Mu myanzuro y’ubujurire no mu miburanire ye, Mbabazi Jean De Dieu n’umwunganira bavuga ko yahamijwe icyaha hashingiwe ku bimenyetso bigenekereje kandi bishidikanywaho kuko imvugo z’ababyeyi b’abana ashinjwa gusambanya zishidikanywaho kuko bavuga ibyo batiboneye n’amaso yabo, kandi bakaba batarabivugiye mu rukiko ngo habeho kunyomozanya hagati yabo n’uregwa, ko imvugo z’abana zitagombaga gushingirwaho zidafite ikindi kimenyetso kizishyigikiye kuko nta raporo ya muganga wemewe n’amategeko wemeje ko hari isano iri hagati ye n’isambanywa ry’abo bana, ko kuva agifatwa yasabye ko hakorwa ikizami cya DNA nticyakorwa.Umwunganira asaba ko Urukiko rubibonye ukundi rwakongera rukamugabanyiriza igihano rukamuha igifungo cy’imyaka 15. [8] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko urukiko mu kumuhamya icyaha rwashingiye ku bimenyetso bifatika kandi bidashidikanywaho nk’uko rwabisobanuye mu bika 14 kugeza kucya 17 cy’urubanza rujurirrwa, kandi ko atakongera kugabanyirizwa igihano kubera uburemere bw’icyaha. [9] Urukiko rurasuzuma ibibazo gikurikira:

a)

Kumenya niba harabaye ikosa ryo guhamya Mbabazi Jean de Dieu icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana kandi nta raporo ya muganga yemeza ko ari we wasambanyije abana aregwa.

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b) Kumenya niba imvugo z’ababyeyi b’abana Mbabazi Jean de Dieu aregwa gusambanya zishidikanywaho kubera ko bavuga ibyo batiboneye.

c) Kumenya niba yakongera kugabanyirizwa igihano.

II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA

1) Kumenya niba harabaye ikosa ryo guhamya Mbabazi Jean de Dieu icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana kandi nta raporo ya muganga yemeza ko ari we wasambanyije abana aregwa.

[10] Mbabazi Jean de Dieu n’umwunganira banenga ko yahamijwe icyaha cyo gusambanya abana nta gihamya ko yagikoze, kuko imvugo z’abana zitagombaga gushingirwaho nta raporo ya muganga wemewe n’amategeko wemeje ko hari isano iri hagati ye n’isambanywa ryabo, kandi ko kuva agifatwa kugera uyu munsi yasabye ko hakorwa ikizamini cya DNA nticyakorwa. Bavuga ko iyo gikorwa hari kugaragara ikimenyetso simusiga cyemeza ko ari we wasambanyije abo bana, hakanagaragazwa ko nawe afite indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina nk’izo umuganga yasanze abana baranduye; asaba ko nawe yajyanwa kwa muganga agapimwa, kuko n’ubwo hashize imyaka 5 iyo ndwara bayimusangana kubera ko nta muti yanyoye. [11] Bavuga kandi ko kuba hatarakozwe DNA, Urukiko rugashingira ku magambo gusa adafite gihamya, byerekana ko yahamijwe icyaha nta bimeyetso bifatika bishingiweho; bityo iyo nenge ikaba yakosorwa hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’ingigo ya 111 y’Itegeko no 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha iteganya ko gushidikanya birengera ushinjwa, akarekurwa, kuko atasambanyije abo bana, ko abazi nk’abo mu muryango yari agiye gushakamo, kandi ko yababonaga kuko yogosheraga muri quartier. [12] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ibyo Mbabazi Jean de Dieu n’umwunganira bavuga ko umuganga atamupimye ngo yemeze ko ariwe wasambanyije abo bana nta shingiro bifite, kuko indwara abana bari bafite zikira, ko iyo ziba zidakira aribwo na we yari gupimwa. Anavuga ko asanga DNA avuga atari ikimenyetso kamara mu kwemeza ko habayeho gusambanya umwana, kuko mu manza nshinjabyaha ibimenyetso byose byemewe, kandi hakaba harashingiwe ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya atabashije kuvuguruza.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBINA

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[13] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zigamije kumenya niba kuba Mbabazi Jean de Dieu atarapimwe ngo haboneke raporo ya muganga yemeza ko ari we wasambanyije abana aregwa akabanduza indwara bitesha agaciro ibindi ibindi bimenyetso. [14] Ku byerekeranye n’uko ikimenyetso gishingiye kuri raporo ya muganga atari kamara, byatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu rubanza No RPAA 00433/2022/CA rwaciwe ku wa 22/01/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha n’ Ayingeneye Butsuri Franҫois1, wakurikijwe no mu zindi maza zirimo urubanza Nº RPAA 00414/2024/CA rwaciwe ku wa 30/01/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Niyomukiza Samuel2. Umurongo izo manza zihurizaho ni uko ikimenyetso cya raporo ya muganga gishobora kuba kimwe mu bimenyetso, ariko ko atari cyo kamara umucamanza ashingiraho kugira ngo ace urubanza, ko n’iyo raporo ya muganga yaba ihari itamuboha ku buryo agomba kuyigenderaho byanze bikunze. [15] Nk’uko urubanza rujuririrwa rubigaragaza, Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze icyaha Mbabazi Jean de Dieu aregwa cyarabonewe ibimenyetso birimo ibyavuzwe n’abana bavuga igihe yabasambanirije naho bahuriye harimo uwari ugiye yo gutira umukubuzo n’undi wagiyeyo agiye kureba film akabasambanya mu bihe bitandukanye na raporo ya muganga ikagaragaza ko abana basambanijwe. Rwanasanze ibyo avuga ko umuganga atamupimye ngo yemeze ko ariwe wabasambanyije nta shingiro bifite. [16] Ku wa 08/07/2020, Dr Rusa Nkubana Daniel yasuzumye abana barimo umwana I.Sy. ufite imyaka 9, raporo ye igaragaza ko akarangabusugi ke gatobotse, yemeza ko yakorewe ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina kandi ko afite indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina (STDs), Gonorrhea. Yanasuzumye I.S ufite imyaka 11, raporo igaragaza ko akarangabusugi ke gatobotse, yemeza ko yakorewe ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina, kandi yanduye indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina (STDs), Gonorrhea na urnary track infection. Yasuzumye kandi umwana U.F. ufite imyaka 11, raporo igaragaza ko akarangabusugi ke gatobotse, yemeza ko yakorewe ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina, yananduye indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina (STDs), Gonorrhea na trichmonas vaginalis. [17] Muri dosiye harimo kandi imvugo z’ababyeyi b’abo bana basobanura uko bamenye ko abana babo basambanyijwe, Dushimirimana Immaculée nyina wa I.Sy abazwa mu Bugenzacyaha yavuze ko yumvise umwana w’umuturanyi ahamagara uwe, amubwira ko Jado (Jean de Dieu) amushaka ngo bakore bya bindi, ababajije ibyo ari byo baraceceka baramwihorera; nyuma nyina w’undi mwana witwa U.F aza kumenya ko umwana we yasambanyijwe na Jado, arabibabwira, nabo bajya kubaza abana babo, I.Sy amwemerera ko yamusambanyije yagiye kureba yo film, arangije amuha 100 Frw ngo azaceceke. [18] Bagwaneza Dative, nyina wa U.F avuga ko uwitwa Niyigena yamusabye kubuza umwana we gusubira kwa Jean de Dieu amubwira ko asambanya abana, ageze mu rugo abaza U.F niba we ataramusambanyije atinda kubimwemerera, akomeje kumukurikirana, amubwira ko yamusambanyije inshuro imwe, ko hari ubwo yamusanze mu rugo, amusaba kujya yo akamubwira,

1 Reba igika cya 22 cy’urwo rubanza 2 Reba igika cya 17 cy’urwo rubanza

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ahageze amusanga mu cyumba cye, amwicaza ku buriri amukuramo ikariso aramusambanya, ko arangije yamuhaye amafaranga 300 Frw amubuza kugira uwo abibwira. [19] Nyiramana Vestina nyina wa I.S we avuga ko yabibwiwe n’umwana w’umuturanyi I.S yari yarabwiye ko Jean de Dieu yamufashe ku ngufu, atashye nawe arabimubaza, aramuhakanira, ko nyuma Bagwaneza Dative yaje kumureba amubwira ko abana babo Jean de Dieu yabamaze abasambanya, maze ahita ajya kubyutsa umwana we I.S amubaza ukuntu yaryamanye na Jado, amubwira ko yagiye kumutira umweyo, agezeyo ahita amukurura akaboko amujyana mu cyuma amukuramo ikariso amushyira ku buriri aramusambanya amuha igiceri 100Frw amubuza kuzabivuga. [20] Urukiko rw’ubujurire rusesenguye raporo za muganga wasuzumye abana I.Sy, I.S na U.F, rurasanga zigaragaza ko abo bana basambanyijwe, kuko akarangabusugi kabo katobotse, ndetse bananduzwa indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina zirimo iya Gonorrhea, bigaragaza ko bandujwe n’umuntu umwe. [21] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga imvugo z’ababyeyi b’abana bavugiye mu Bugenzacyaha zigaragaza ko bavuga uburyo bamenyemo ko abana babo basambanyijwe, bajya kubabaza uko byagenze bakababwira ko basambanyijwe na Mbabazi Jean de Dieu bamusanze mu cyumba cy’aho yabaga, yarangiza akabaha amafaranga, akanababuza kuzabivuga. [22] Urukiko rw’ubujurire ruhuje ibyo raporo za muganga zigaragaza n’imvugo z’ababyeyi b’abana, rurasanga nta kosa ryakozwe n’inkiko zibanza mu guhamya Mbabazi Jean de Dieu icyaha cyo gusambanya abana I.Sy, I.S na U.F rushingiye kuri ibyo bimenyetso, kuko ari ibimenyetso bidashidikanywaho bihamya ko ari we wabasambanyije. [23] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ibyo Mbabazi Jean de Dieu avuga ko yasabye ko hakorwa ikizami cya DNA kigaragaza isano iri hagati ye n’isambanywa ry’abo bana nta shingiro bifite, kuko atagaragaza uburyo yari gupimwa mu gihe nta masohoro yabonetse kuri abo bana, kubera ko basambanyijwe hagashira igihe kinini bitaramenyekana, kandi, nk’uko byatanzweho umurongo wagaragajwe haruguru, n’iyo icyo kizami gikorwa raporo yacyo yari gusuzumirwa hamwe n’ibindi bimenyetso mu gushakisha ukuri ku mikorere y’icyaha, ariko kuba kitarakozwe ntibishobora gutesha agaciro ireme ry’ibindi bimenyetso byashingiweho n’Urukiko mu kumuhamya icyaha. kuko bigaragaza ku buryo budashidikanywaho ko ibyo abana bavuga ko yabasambanyije ari ukuri. [24] Urukiko ruranasanga ibyo asaba ko ubu yapimwa n’umuganga hakarebwa ko nawe yaba afite indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina umuganga yasanganye abo bana, nabyo nta shingiro bifite kuko atagaragaza ko izo indwara zidakira ku buryo nyuma y’imyaka 5 icyaha gikozwe yaba akizifite, kandi nk’uko byavuzwe haruguru, n’iyo yapimwa, raporo ya muganga yatangwa ni ikimenyetso cyasuzumirwa hamwe n’ibindi.

2) Kumenya niba imvugo z’ababyeyi b’abana Mbabazi Jean de Dieu aregwa gusambanya zishidikanywaho kubera ko bavuga ibyo batiboneye.

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[25] Mbabazi Jean de Dieu n’umwunganira bavuga ko yahamijwe icyaha cyo gusambanya abana hashingiwe ku mvugo z’ababyeyi babo kandi zishidikanywaho, kuko batavuga ibyo biboneye, ndetse bakaba bataraje kubivugira mu Rukiko ngo habeho kunyomozanya, nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 126 y’Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha.

[26] Banavuga ko ikibazo kijyanye n’imvugo z’abatangabuhamya zishidikanywaho yakivuze mu myanzuro ye mu Rukiko Rukuru ariko nticyasuzumwa, kuko iyo gisuzumwana Urukiko ruba rwarabonye ko icyaha ashinjwa yagihimbiwe n’uwitwa Dushimirimana Immaculée nyina wa I.Sy. kuko bagombaga kubana ariko abona afite inda kandi atari we wayimuteye aramwanga, amubwira ko azamwihimuraho, akaba rero yaramugambaniye afatanyije n’ababyeyi b’abandi bana aregwa gusambanya, kandi ko bose bafitanye amasano.

[27] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko mu guhamya Mbabazi Jean de Dieu icyaha, Urukiko Rukuru rwashingiye ku bimenyesto bifatika kandi bidashidikanywaho nk’uko rwabisobanuye mu gika cya 14 kugeza ku cya 17 cy’urubanza rujurirwa aho rwasanze icyaha aregwa cyarabonewe ibimenyetso birimo ibyavuzwe n’abana bavuze igihe yabasambanyirije n’aho bahuriye, na raporo ya muganga yunganira imvugo z’abana igaragaza ko basambanyijwe koko.

[28] Anavuga ko ibirebana n’akagambane uregwa yakorewe, yabiburanishije bwa mbere mu Rukiko Rukuru, kuko abazwa mu nzego z’ipereza yavuze ko ntacyo apfa n’abana, ko ahubwo afitanye ikibazo n’ababyeyi babo kubera amafaranga bamwambuye ariko ko inzego z’ibanze zitari zibizi, bityo ko ibyo avuga iyo biza kubaho aba yarabivuze mu nzego z’iperereza ndetse bigashyirwa no muri raporo y’inzego z’ibanze. Naho kuba ababyeyi b’abana basambanyijwe batarahamagawe byatewe n’uko ntabyo yasabye ngo urukiko rwange kubisuzuma.

Uko urukiko rubibona

[29] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zigamije kumenya niba kuba ababyeyi b’abana Mbabazi Jean de Dieu aregwa gusambanya bavuga ibyo abana babo bababwiye ku bijyanye n’imikorere y’icyaha no kuba batarahamagawe gutanga ubuhamya mu Rukiko bituma imvugo zabo zishidikanywaho no kumenya niba yarakorewe akagambane ko kumugerekaho icyaha kubera ko yabenze nyina wa I.Sy. [30] Nk’uko byemejwe mu rubanza n° RPAA/ Gén 00002/2018/CA rwaciwe n’uru Rukiko ku wa 25/7/2023 haburana Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Twahirwa François3, rwanashingiweho no mu zindi manza zirimo urubanza RPA 00005/2021/CA4, ihame ku birebana n’ubuhamya ni uko umutangabuhamya avuga mu Rukiko ibyo yiboneye cyangwa ibyo yumvise mu buryo butaziguye,

3 Reba igika cya 68 cy’urwo rubanza. 4 Reba igika cya 14 cy’urubanza Nº RPA 00005/2021/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 14/03/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Rubayiza Jean-Baptiste.

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ko Urukiko rwonyine rusuzuma mu bushishozi icyizere cyangwa ireme bukwiye guhabwa, ko harebwe ububasha bw’Urukiko bwo gusuzuma mu bwigenge no mu bushishozi bwarwo ibimenyetso byose rwashyikirijwe, harebwe na none intego y’amategeko y’ibimenyetso (objectif du droit de la preuve) yo gushakisha ukuri, Inkiko zemera ibimenyetso biziguye (preuve indirecte) cyangwa ibimenyetso bishingiye ku mabwire iyo byizewe (preuve par ouï-dire), bivuze ko ari ihame ko ubuhamya butaziguye cyangwa ubuhamya buziguye bwemewe iyo bwizewe.

[31] Naho ibyerekeye agaciro gahabwa ubuhamya bwatanzwe n’abafite icyo bapfa n’uregwa, byatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza N° RPAA 0117/07/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 17/09/2010 haburana Cpl Ngabonziza Faustin na Sgt Biziyaremye Jean Baptiste5. Muri urwo rubanza Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwasobanuye ko nubwo abatangabuhamya babajijwe baba bafite icyo bapfa n’abaregwa, ibyo bitafatwa nk’umuziro kuribo utuma batabazwa, icy’ingenzi ni uko imvugo yabo itapfa kwemerwa cyangwa ngo ihakanwe itabanje gusuzumwa n’Urukiko. Uyu murongo wagendeweho mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’uru Rukiko, mu ziheruka harimo n’urubanza Nº RPAA 00058/2021/CA, rwaciwe ku wa 28/05/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nkizemenshi Innocent6. [32] Inkiko zibanza zahamije Mbabazi Jean de Dieu icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana zishingiye ku mvugo za Bagwire Dative, nyina wa U.F, iza Nyiramana Vestine nyina wa I.S n’iza Dushimirimana Immaculée nyina wa I.S. bavugiye mu Bugenzacyaha batanga ikirego bashinja uregwa kuba yarabasambanyirije abana, bakanasobanura ibyo babwiwe n’abo bana babo by’uburyo yabikoraga, hanashingiwe kuri raporo za muganga z’abana I.SY, I.S na U.F zemeza ko abana basambanyijwe. [33] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ibyo Mbabazi Jean de Dieu avuga ko imvugo z’ababyeyi b’abana zishidikanywaho ngo kubera ko bavuga ibyo batahagazeho nta shingiro bifite, kuko bavuga ibyo babwiwe n’abana babo, kandi nk’uko umurongo watanzwe mu rubanza RPAA/ Gén 00002/2018/CA rwavuzwe haruguru, inkiko zemera ibimenyetso biziguye cyangwa ibimenyetso bishingiye ku mabwire iyo byizewe. Muri uru rubanza ibyo ababyeyi b’abana bahurizaho ni uko bamenye ko abana babo basambanyijwe, barabibabaza babasobanurira ko Mbabazi Jean de Dieu yabasambanyaga yarangiza akabaha amafaranga, ababuza kugira uwo babibwira. Izo mvugo z’abana zikaba zishyigikiwe na raporo ya muganga yemeza ko basambanyijwe, bananduzwa indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina. [34] Urukiko ruranasanga mu gihe inkiko zasanze ibyo ababyeyi b’abana bavuga bifite ireme, bitari ngombwa ko bahamagazwa mu Rukiko gutanga ubuhamya, kuko nk’uko byemejwe mu rubanza Nº RPAA/GEN 00008/2019/CA7, atari ihame ko abatangabuhamya babajijwe igihe cy’iperereza bongera gusubira mu mvugo zabo igihe cy’iburanisha. [35] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga kandi ibyo Mbabazi Jean de Dieu avuga ko ari akagambane yakorewe biturutse kuri Dushimirimana Immaculée nyina wa I.Sy. yabenze,

5 Reba igika cya 8 cy’urwo rubanza. 6 Reba igika cya 29 cy’urwo rubanza. 7 Reba igika cya 36 cy’Urubanza Nº RPAA/GEN 00008/2019/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28/2/2020, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Habyarimana Jean

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bigatuma amuhimbira icyaha afatanyije n’abandi bagore bafitanye amasano nta shingiro bifite, kuko nta kimenyetso atanga cy’ibyo avuga, ahubwo ari imyiregurire yatangiye aburana mu Rukiko Rukuru, mu gihe mu iperereza hamwe yavuze ko icyo apfa n’ababyeyi b’abana ari uko harimo abo yambuye amafaranga n’abayamwambuye, ahandi akavuga ko yashinjwe biturutse ku kagambane yagiriwe na nyiri nzu yakodeshaga. Uku kugenda ahindagura imvugo bigaragaza ko nta mpamvu ifatika atanga yari gutuma bamugerekaho icyaha, kandi nk’uko byatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza N° RPAA 0117/07/CS rwavuzwe haruguru, nubwo yari kuba afite ibyo apfa na Dushimirimana Immaculée n’abo mu muryango we, ntibyari kuba umuziro utuma batabazwa, icy’ingenzi ni uko imvugo zabo zitari kwemerwa cyangwa ngo zihakanwe zitabanje gusuzumwa n’Urukiko. [36] Hashingiwe ku bimanze gusobanurwa muri uru rubanza, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ubujurire bwa Mbabazi Jean de Dieu nta shingiro bufite, kuko ibimenyetso bigizwe n’imvugo z’ababyeyi basubiramo ibyo babwiwe n’abana babo na raporo z’umuganga wasuzumye abana byashingiweho n’Urukiko Rukuru mu kumuhamya icyaha cyo gusambanya abana batatu, byuzuzanya kandi bihamya ku buryo budashidikanywaho ko yakoze icyaha aregwa.

3) Kumenya niba yakongera kugabanyirizwa igihano. [37] Uwunganira Mbabazi Jean de Deu avuga ko ubujurire bwe buramutse budahawe ishingiro, hazashingirwa ku ingingo ya 49 y’Itegeko No 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha z’uko ari ubwa mbere agezwa imbere y’ubutabera, akagabanyirizwa igihano kugira ngo ahabwe amahirwe yo kuzasubira mu umuryango nyarwanda, byibura agahabwa imyaka 15 iteganywa n’itegeko. [38] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko Mbabazi Jean de Dieu atakongera kugabanirizwa kuko yagabanyirijwe bihagije n’Urukiko Rukuru, ndetse mu bika bya 18 kugeza 24, rukaba rwaragaragaje aho rwashingiye rumugabanyiriza. Avuga ko hitawe ku bukana bw’icyaha yakoze n’ubugome yagiye abikorana aho yasamabinyije abana berenze umwe mu gihe kijya kuba kimwe, yarabigize akamenyero, agomba guhanwa by’intangarugero bigatanaga n’isomo ku bandi bumva basambanya abana bato, bityo akaba atakongera kugabanyirizwa kuko igihano yahawe gikwiranye n’uburembere bw’icyaha yakoze.

Uko urukiko rubibona

[39] Nk’uko urubanza rujuririrwa rubigaragaza, Urukiko Rukuru rushingiye ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha y’uko ari ubwa mbere agaragaweho icyaha mu buryo buzwi mu mategeko, rwagabanyirije Mbabazi Jean de Dieu igifungo cya burundu yari yarahanishijwe ku rwego rwa mbere, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 20. [40] Mu manza zaciwe n’uru Rukiko ku bantu bakoze icyaha mu buryo bumwe n’ubwo Mbabazi Jean de Dieu yakozemo icyaha, harimo nk’urubanza No RPAA 00468/2022/CA haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Kubwimana Elias rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 30/01/2025. Muri urwo rubanza Kubwimana Elias wari ufite imyaka 27 akora icyaha, yagabanyirijwe igihano kubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha y’uko ari ubwa mbere akurikiranwe mu nkiko mu buryo buzwi,

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ahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 19 kubera guhamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana ufite imyaka 13.

[41] Hashigiwe rero kuri uwo murongo, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurebye ko Mbabazi Jean de Dieu yakoze icyaha aregwa afite imyaka 28, akaba yarahamwe n’icyaha cyo gusambanya abana batatu bafite umwe imyaka 9 n’abandi babiri bafite imyaka 11, rurasanga kuba yarahawe igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 20, yaragabanyirijwe ku buryo buhagije ahabwa igihano kiri mu kigero kimwe n’igihabwa abakoze icyaha nk’icyo yakoze, hitawe ku buremere bwo gusambanya abana batatu. Bityo icyo gihano kikaba kitagomba kongera kugabanywa.

III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO

[42] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Mbabazi Jean de Dieu nta shingiro bufite; [43] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza No RPA 00572/2021/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 22/11/2024 igumyeho mu ngingo zarwo zose; [44] Rwemeje ko Mbabazi Jean de Dieu agumishwa ku gifungo cy’imyaka 20 kubera guhamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya abana.