MBABAZI KANAMUGIRE Deborah vs Nkongori pacifique

# MBABAZI KANAMUGIRE Deborah vs Nkongori pacifique

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2021-05-28 - Case/document no.: RCAA 00025/2020/CA – CMB RCAA 00026/2020/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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MBABAZI KANAMUGIRE N’UNDI v NKONGORI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RCAA 00025/2020/CA – CMB RCAA 00026/2020/CA (Ngagi, P.J.) 28 Gicurasi 2021] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza – guhamagaza – Guhamagaza cyangwa kumenyesha umuburanyi bikorwa n’urukiko hakoreshejwe ubutumwa butanzwe mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga, bityo kuba itariki y’iburanisha yarahindutse ikaza mbere yiyariteganyijwe, ikamenyeshwa ababuranyi mu buryo bw’ikorabuhanga rya IECMS ariko ntibitabire iburanisha nta kosa Urukiko rwakoze, nta nubwo ababuranyi babyitwaza nk’impamvu yo kubyutsa urubanza – Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 34. Incamake y’ikibazo : Urubanza rwatangiye Nkongori arega Kanamugire na Mbabazi mu Rukiko rw’Isumbuye rwa Gasabo asaba ko bamukorera ihererekanya ry’uburenganzira ku butaka (mutation) nyuma yaho bakoranye amasezerano y’ubugure bw’ubutaka burimo n’inzu. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo rwemeje ko ikirego cya Nkongori gifite shingiro, rutegeka ko hakorwa ihinduranyamutungo ku butaka burimo n’amazu buburanwa. Mbabazi na Kanamugire ntibanyuzwe n’icyo cyemezo, maze bakijuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru, banega urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo. Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko ubujurire bwabo nta shingiro bufite, ko nta gihindutse ku mikirize y’urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo. Mbabazi na Kanamugire barongeye bajurira mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, Urukiko rw’ubujurire rwafashe icyemezo cyo gusiba ubujurire bwabo nyuma yuko bose bititabiriye iburanisha kandi baramenyeshejwe mu burryo bukurikije amategeko. Mbabazi na Kanamugire batanze ikirego cyo kubyutsa urwo rubanza Ababuranira Mbabazi na Kanamugire bavuga ko urubanza rwasibwe rubyutswa, kuko mu nama ntegurarubanza ababuranyi basinyiye itariki ya 17/11/2020 nyuma Urukiko rwimura itariki y’iburanisha ruyishyira ku wa 16/11/2020 kandi nta muburanyi rumenyesheje. Uburanira Nkongori, avuga ko Urukiko nta tegeko rwishe, kuko rwahinduye itariki maze rubimenyesha ababuranyi muri system ya IECMS kandi byakozwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko. Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ko Mbabazi na Kanamugire batagaragaza impamvu ikomeye kandi idasanzwe yatumye batitabira iburanisha ry’urubanza kandi ko bamenyeshejwe mu mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga nkuko biteganyijwe n’amategeko. Incamake y’icyemezo:1. Guhamagaza cyangwa kumenyesha umuburanyi bikorwa n’urukiko hakoreshejwe ubutumwa butanzwe mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga, bityo kuba itariki y’iburanisha yarahindutse ikaza mbere yiyariteganyijwe, ikamenyeshwa ababuranyi mu buryo bw’ikorabuhanga

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rya IECMS ariko ntibitabire iburanisha nta kosa Urukiko rwakoze, nta nubwo ababuranyi babyitwaza nk’impamvu yo kubyutsa urubanza. Ikirego cyo kubyutsa urubanza nticyakiriwe Amategeko yifashishijwe: Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 34,55 na 111. Urubanza IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Urubanza rukomoka ku masezerano yo ku wa 22/04/2016 y’ubugure bw’ubutaka burimo n’amazu abiri (2) buri muri pariseri No 1418 GAS/RUS buherereye mu Mudugudu wa Gisharara, Akagari ka Nyagahinga, Umurenge wa Rusororo, Akarere ka Gasabo, Umujyi wa Kigali, kuri 53.000.000 Frw yakozwe hagati ya Nkongori Pacifique na Kanamugire Emmanuel. Nkongori Pacifique avuga ko yishyuye Kanamugire Emmanuel 25.000.000Frw, bumvikana ko andi asigaye azayishyura bamaze gukora ihererekanya ry’umutungo (mutation) mu gihe kitarenze iminsi irindwi (7) ariko nyuma Kanamugire Emmanuel n’umugore we Mbabazi Kanamugire Deborah wari wahaye umugabo we uburenganzira bwo kugurisha (procuration ) banze kumukorera ihererekanya mutungo kuri ubwo butaka bamugurishije banga no kuva munzu, akaba ari yo mpamvu yaregeye Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo arusaba kubategeka gusohoka mu butaka burimo n’amazu hakabaho ihererekanya ryabwo (mutation) n’indishyi zitandukanye. [2] Ku wa 27/12/2018, mu rubanza No RC 00328/2017/TGI/GSBO, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo rwemeje ko ikirego cya Nkongori Pacifique gifite shingiro, rutegeka ko hakorwa ihinduranyamutungo ku butaka burimo n’amazu buri muri pariseli No 1418/GAS/RUS bukandikwa kuri Nkongori Pacifique bugakurwa kuri Mbabazi Kanamugire Deborah na Kanamugire Emmanuel, ko kandi Nkongori Pacifique asubizwa amafaranga y’ingwate y’igarama yatanze arega. [3] Mbabazi Kanamugire Deborah na Kanamugire Emmanuel ntibanyuzwe n’icyo cyemezo, maze bakijuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru, bagira ibyo banenga mu rubanza No RC 00328/2017/TGI/GSBO rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo [4] Ku wa 13/02/2020, mu rubanza RCOMA00082/2019/HC/KIG, Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Mbabazi Kanamugire Deborah nta shingiro bufite, ko nta gihindutse ku mikirize y’urubanza RC 00328/2017/TGI/GSBO rwajuririwe, rutegeka Mbabazi Kanamugire Deborah guha Nkongori Laurent indishyi zingana na 1.000.000 Frw akubiyemo ibyo yatanze ku rubanza ku rwego rw’ubujurire, n’indishyi z’igihombo yatejwe no kudakorerwa mutation y’umutungo yaguze, ko kandi igarama ryatanzwe riherera mu Isanduku ya Leta. [5] Mbabazi Kanamugire Deborah ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza ajuririra mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire ubujurire bwe bwandikwa kuri RCAA 00004/2020/CA na Kanamugire Emmanuel we

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ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza nawe arajurira, ubujurire bwe bwandikwa kuri No RCAA 00012/2020/CA. [6] Izo manza zombi zarahujwe kugira ngo ziburanishirizwe hamwe mu rubanza rumwe. [7] Ku wa 16/11/2020, Urukiko rufatiye icyemezo mu ntebe, rwemeje ko urubanza RCAA 0004/2020/CA-RCAA 00012/2020/CA rusibwe mu bitabo byarwo, kuko mu iburanisha ryo kuri uwo munsi nta muburanyi n’umwe witabye kandi baramenyeshejwe umunsi w’iburanisha mu buryo bukurikije amategeko [8] Mbabazi Kanamugire Deborah na Kanamugire Emmanuel batanze ikirego cyo kubyutsa urwo rubanza. [9] Urubanza rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame ku wa 18/05/2021, Mbabazi Kanamugire Deborah ahagarariwe na Me Semuhoza Victor, Kanamugire Emmanuel ahagarariwe na Me Kalimba Daniel naho Nkongori Pacifique ahagarariwe na Me TWIZEYIMANA Innocent, haburanishwa ikibazo cyo kumenya niba ikirego cyo kubyutsa urubanza rwasibwe gishobora kwakirwa. I. IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYABYO Kumenya niba urubanza No RCAA 00004/2020/CA & RCAA 00012/2020/CA rwasibwe rudashobora kubyutswa [10] Me Semuhoza Victor, uburanira Mbabazi Kanamugire Deborah, avuga ko ashingiye ku ngingo ya 55 y’Itegeko n° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi asaba ko urubanza RCAA 00004/2020/CA-RCAA 00012/2020/CA rubyutswa, kuko mu nama ntegurarubanza ababuranyi basinyiye itariki ya 17/11/2020 nyuma Urukiko rwimura itariki y’iburanisha ruyishyira ku wa 16/11/2020 kandi nta muburanyi rumenyesheje ndetse n’itariki ihindurwa mu rubanza rumwe urundi biguma uko byari bisanzwe, kuko imanza zahujwe ari ebyiri (2). [11] Avuga ko mu guhindura itariki y’iburanisha Urukiko nta tegeko rwishe, ariko ko ubusanzwe iyo umuburanyi asinyiye itariki ari yo afata, ko rero hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 34 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryibukijwe haruguru ababuranyi bagombaga guhamagarwa kuri telefoni, kuko no mu nama ntegurarubanza nabwo bahamagawe kuri telefoni. [12] Me Kalimba Daniel, uburanira Kanamugire Emmanuel, avuga ko Umwanditsi w’Urukiko atamenyesheje ababuranyi impinduka zabaye kandi bari basinyiye kuburana taliki ya 17/11/2020, akaba asanga iyo ari impamvu ikomeye kuko ababuranyi bahinduriwe itariki ntibabimenyeshwa. Avuga ko Urukiko rwemerewe guhindura itariki, ariko ababuranyi bakamenyeshwa hakurikijwe uburyo bwose bushoboka. Yongeraho ko mu nama ntegurarubanza babajijwe niba ku wa 16/11/2020 baboneka basanga bataboneka, bahitamo tariki ya 17/11/2020 nyuma batanganzwa no kubona Urukiko rwarahinduye itariki ntirwamenyesha ababuranyi ku buryo bwose bushoboka. [13] Me Twizeyimana Innocent, uburanira Nkongori Pacifique, avuga ko Urukiko nta Tegeko rwishe, kuko rwahinduye itariki maze rubimenyesha ababuranyi muri system ya IECMS kandi

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byakozwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko, kuko aba Avoka bose bahujwe n’urubanza. Avuga ko uburanira Mbabazi Kanamugire Deborah yagombaga kuba yaramufungurije compte muri system kugira ngo abone ibikorerwa muri dosiye byose. Asoza avuga ko ibivugwa n’abarega ko imanza zahujwe ari ebyeri (2), ariko ko ibyo kwimura itariki bigaragara mu rubanza rumwe nta shingiro byahabwa, kuko kuba izo manza zarahujwe, ibiboneka muri dosiye imwe bihita biboneka no mu yindi. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [14] Ingingo ya 34 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ibikurikira: “Guhamagaza cyangwa kumenyesha umuburanyi bikorwa n’urukiko hakoreshejwe ubutumwa butanzwe mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga. Iyo bidashoboka, inyandiko ihamagara umuburanyi inyuzwa ku muhesha w’inkiko wabiherewe ububasha igashyikirizwa umuburanyi kugira ngo yitabe urukiko”. Naho ingingo ya 55 igika cya mbere, y’iri Tegeko igira iti : “Iyo urubanza rwasibwe mu bitabo by’urukiko, mu rwego urwo ari rwo rwose, ku mpamvu z’ushaka kurubyutsa, icyo kibazo cye nticyakirwa atabanje kugaragaza impamvu idasanzwe kandi ikomeye yamubujije kuza kuruburana mbere”. [15] Ku birebana n’uru rubanza, dosiye igaragaza ko inama ntegurarubanza yo ku wa 14/10/2020 ababuranyi bose bayitabiriye bahagarariwe nk’uko bahagarariwe ubu, bamenyeshwa ko urubanza ruzaburanishwa ku wa 17/11/2020 barabisinyira. [16] Dosiye igaragaza na none ko ku wa 22/10/2020, Ubwanditsi bw’Urukiko bwamenyesheje ababuranyi muri system ya IECMS ahagenewe note ko urubanza rwimuriwe ku wa 16/11/2020 saa mbiri n’igice (8h30), kandi Abavoka b’ababuranyi bose bigaragara ko bahujwe n’urubanza. [17] Imikirize y’urubanza RCAA00004/2020/CA-RCAA 00012/2020/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 16/11/2020 igaragaza ko uwo munsi saa mbiri n’igice (8h30), urubanza rwahamagawe, Urukiko rusanga nta muburanyi n’umwe witabye kandi baramenyeshejwe mu buryo buteganywa n’amategeko ndetse nta n’impamvu zatanzwe, maze rufatiye icyemezo mu ntebe rwemeza ko urubanza rusibwe mu bitabo by’Urukiko. [18] Urukiko rurasanga ibivugwa n’abarega ko Urukiko rwimuye itariki y’iburanisha ntirwabamenyesha izo mpindika nta shingiro byahabwa, kuko nk’uko byagaragajwe haruguru, ku wa 22/10/2020 Umwanditsi w’Urukiko yamenyesheje ababuranyi ko iburanisha ry’urubanza ryimuriwe ku wa 16/11/2020 kandi bikorwa habura iminsi 29, bikaba rero bitumvikana ukuntu umu Avoka amara iminsi 29 atareba muri dosiye y’urubanza akurikirana. [19] Ku birebana n’ibivugwa n’abarega ko Urukiko rwagombaga kumenyesha ababuranyi ko rwimuye itariki rukoresheje telefoni, Urukiko rurasanga nta shingiro byahabwa, kuko mu kumenyesha ababuranyi igihe iburanisha ryimuriwe byakozwe hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 34 y’Itegeko n° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 yavuzwe haruguru, kandi n’abahagarariye abarega muri uru rubanza bivugira ko nta Tegeko Urukiko rwishwe.

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[20] Ku birebana n’ibivugwa na Me Kalimba Daniel ko mu nama ntegurarubanza babajijwe niba ku wa 16/11/2020 baboneka bagasanga bataboneka, bagahitamo tariki ya 17/11/2020, Urukiko rurasanga nabyo nta shingiro byahabwa, kuko nta kigaragaza ko ibyo avuga byaba byaravuzweho mu nama ntegurarubanza. Urukiko rurasanga niyo biza kuba bigaragara muri raporo y’inama ntegurarubanza nabyo bidahagije kugira ngo urubanza rube rwabyutswa, mu gihe nta cyo ababuranyi bamenyesheje Urukiko kubijyanye n’impinduka zabaye. [21] Urukiko rushingiye kuri ibyo byose byavuzwe haruguru, rurasanga Mbabazi Kanamugire Deborah na Kanamugire Emmanuel batagaragaza impamvu ikomeye kandi idasanzwe yatumye batitabira iburanisha ry’urubanza RCAA00004/2020/CA-RCAA 00012/2020/CA ryabaye ku wa 16/11/2020 basabira kubyutsa nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 55 y’Itegeko n° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryibukijwe haruguru, bityo ikirego cyabo cyo kubyutsa urwo rubanza kikaba kitakiriwe. Kumenya niba hari amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ay’ikurikiranarubanza yagenwa muri urubanza [22] Nkongori Pacifique avuga ko mu gihe iki kirego kitakiriwe, yahabwa 3.000.000 Frw y'ikurikiranarubanza n'igihembo cya Avoka, kuko gukurikirana urubanza byahereye mu rubanza rwasibwe. [23] Me Semuhoza Victor avuga ko amafaranga asabwa na Nkongori Pacifique atayakwiye, kuko nawe atitabye mu iburanisha ry’urubanza rusabirwa kubyutswa. [24] Me Kalimba Daniel avuga ko ayo mafaranga nta shingiro afite, kuko Urukiko ari rwo rwasibye urubanza kandi ko ari uburenganzira bw’uwo aburanira gusaba kubyutsa urubanza. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [25] Ingingo ya 111, y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 28/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza mbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ibikurikira: “Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe”. [26] Urukiko rurasanga amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka asabwa na Nkongori Pacifique afite ishingiro, kuko yashatse umunyamategeko wo kumuburanira kandi akagira ibyo atakaza ku rubanza, ariko kuko ayo asaba ari menshi, mu bushishozi bwarwo, rumugeneye 500.000Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 100.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza akazishyurwa na Mbabazi Kanamugire Deborah afatanyije na Kanamugire Emmanuel. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [27] Rwemeje ko ikirego cyo kubyutsa urubanza RCAA00004/2020/CA-RCAA 00012/2020/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 16/11/2020, kitakiriwe;

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[28] Rwemeje ko ikirego gisaba ibyagiye ku rubanza cyatanzwe na Nkongori Pacifique gifite shingiro ; [29] Rutegetse Mbabazi Kanamugire Deborah gufatanya na Kanamugire Emmanuel kwishyura Nkongori Pacifique 500.000Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 100.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza ; [30] Ruvuze ko amagarama yatanzwe ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza.