UBUSHINJACYAHA vs MBARUSHIMANA

UBUSHINJACYAHA vs MBARUSHIMANA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-04-17 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00598/2022/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA vs MBARUSHIMANA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00598/2022/CA (Rukundakuvuga, P.J.) 17 Mata 2025] Amategeko mpanabyaha – Ubujurire – kugabanyirizwa igihano – Iyo abaregwa nta kindi banenga urubanza rwajuririwe uretse kuvuga gusa ko batagabanyirijwe ibihano, buri mucamanza ku rwego urwo ari rwo rwose, yemerewe gutanga igihano mu bushishozi bwe kijyanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha ndetse n’ingaruka zacyo. Amategeko mpanabyaha – impamvu nyoroshyacyaha – kwemera icyaha – Kwemera icyaha bibera ubiburanisha impamvu nyoroshyacyaha iyo ushinjwa abikoze mu ntangiriro z’iburanisha ku rwego rwa mbere, ndetse akabikora mu buryo budashidikanywaho. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiye Ubushinjacyaha burega Mbarushimana mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana utaruzuza imyaka 14 y’amavuko, bumusabira igifungo cya burundu. Mbarushimana yaburanye ahakana icyaha avuga ko nubwo yakemeye mu bugenzacyaha yabitewe n’inkoni. Urukiko mu rubanza RP01188/2019/TGI/NYGE, rwamuhamije icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, rumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu rushingiye ku Kuba mu nzego z’iperereza yaremeye icyaha, ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya n’ icyemezo cy’amavuko y’umwana kigaragaza ko yavutse mu 2013. Mbarushimana ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, ajuririra Urukiko Rukuru avuga ko atari we wasambanyije umwana ko bamwitiranyije ko yasambanyijwe

n’uwitwa Mutabazi Aloys. Urukiko mu rubanza RPA02029/2019/HC/KIG, rwasanze ubujurire bwa Mbarushimana nta shingiro bufite, ruhamishaho imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe rushingiye ku kuba atarabashije kuvuguruza ibimenyetso byashingiweho n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rumuhamya icyaha, no ku kuba ibipimo byafashwe mu gitsina cy’umwana bihura neza na ADN ya Mbarushimana. Mbarushimana ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, ajurira mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, avuga ko hirengagijwe impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zari gushingirwaho akagabanyirizwa igihano zirimo kuba yaremeye icyaha mu nzego z’iperereza, kandi ko Umucamanza atabujijwe kugabanya igihano hahuzwa uburemere bw’icyaha n’igihano. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko kwemera icyaha kwa Mbarushimana akoreye bwa mbere mu rwego rw’ubujurire ntacyo byamumarira. Urukiko mu rubanza RPAA00598/2022/CA, rwemeje ko Mbarushimana agabanyirizwa igihano agahabwa igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’irindwi kuko ari ubwa mbere akurikiranywe mu Nkiko ku buryo buzwi kandi akaba yarakoze icyaha aribwo akiva mu bwana. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Iyo abaregwa nta kindi banenga urubanza rwajuririwe uretse kuvuga gusa ko batagabanyirijwe ibihano, buri mucamanza ku rwego urwo ari rwo rwose, yemerewe gutanga igihano mu bushishozi bwe kijyanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha ndetse n’ingaruka zacyo.

2. Kwemera icyaha bibera ubiburanisha impamvu nyoroshyacyaha iyo ushinjwa abikoze mu ntangiriro z’iburanisha ku rwego rwa mbere, ndetse akabikora mu buryo budashidikanywaho. Ubujurire bufite ishingiro.

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Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko No 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura itegeko No 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RPA00060/2021/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Nsabimana Callixte alias Sankara na bagenzi be, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 04/04/2022, igika cya 252-254 Urubanza RPAA00864/2024/CA haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nshimiyimana rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 14/03/2025, igika cya 10. Urubanza RPAA 00154/2023/CA, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Kwizera Paterne rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 29/01/2025, igika cya 18. Urubanza RPAA 00461/2023/CA haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nzayisingiza Silas rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28/11/2024. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku wa 25/09/2019, mu gihe cya saa-munani (14h00) z’amanywa, uwitwa Mbarushimana Isaac, yaketsweho kuba ari mu Mudugudu wa Muganza, Akagari ka Kimisagara, Umurenge wa Kimisagara, Akarere ka Nyarugenge, Umujyi wa Kigali, yarashutse umwana w'umukobwa witwa N.N.U1 wavutse kuwa 27/12/2013, ngo naze ajye kumugurira biscuit, agamije kumusambanya. Mama we yaramushatse aramubura, nyuma aza guhura nawe ava amaraso ku munwa, amubajije aho yari ari n’icyo yabaye amubwira ko Mbarushimana Isaac yamujyanye mu ishyamba amurya iminwa amushyiramo n’ikintu ke, akaba arimo kubabara, barebye umwana neza basanga arimo kuva andi maraso mu kibuno no mu

gitsina ke, hakekwa ko yamusambanyije. [2] Mbarushimana Isaac yarafashwe ashyikirizwa ubugenzacyaha. Nyuma y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwamureze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana utaruzuza imyaka 14 y’amavuko, bumusabira igifungo cya burundu. Mbarushimana Isaac n’ubwo yari yaremeye icyaha mu ibazwa rye mu Bugenzacyaha agasobanura neza n’uburyo yagikozemo, yageze mu Rukiko aragihakana, asobanura ko kuba yaracyemeye mu Bugenzacyaha yabitewe n’inkoni. [3] Mu rubanza RP01188/2019/TGI/NYGE, rwaciwe kuwa 23/10/2019, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwamuhamije icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, rumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu rushingiye ku mpamvu zikurikira: Kuba mu nzego z’iperereza yaremeye icyaha ndetse agasobanura neza uburyo yasambanyije uwo mwana n’uburyo yafashwemo; Ku buhamya bw’umwana wasambanijwe, ubwa Uwamungu wemeje ko Mbarushimana yemereye abamufashe ko yasambanyije uriya mwana, ndetse imvugo ze zigahura n’iza Mukamurigo nyina w’umwana; Kuba icyemezo cy’amavuko y’umwana kigaragaza ko yavutse mu 2013, bivuze ko yasambanyijwe afite imyaka 6 gusa. [4] Mbarushimana Isaac ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, ajuririra Urukiko Rukuru avuga ko atari we wasambanyije umwana ko bamwitiranyije, ko umwana yasambanyijwe n’uwitwa Mutabazi Aloys.

1 Hakoreshejwe impine y’amazina mu rwego rwo kubungabunga umutekano we.

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[5] Mu rubanza RPA02029/2019/HC/KIG rwaciwe kuwa 12/10/2022, Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze ubujurire bwa Mbarushimana Isaac nta shingiro bufite, ruhamishaho imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe rushingiye ku mpamvu zikurikira: Kuba atarabashije kuvuguruza ibimenyetso byashingiweho n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rumuhamya icyaha birimo imvugo ze mu bugenzacyaha yemera ko ariwe wasambanyije umwana, imvugo z’abatangabuhamya bamubonye ari kumwe n’umwana, imvugo z’umwana ndetse na raporo ya muganga yemeza ko umwana yasambanyijwe. Kuba ibipimo byafashwe mu gitsina cy’umwana bihura neza na ADN ya Mbarushimana Isaac. [6] Mbarushimana Isaac ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, ajurira mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza rwe ruhabwa RPAA00598/2022/CA, iburanisha mu ruhame rishyirwa ku wa 03 Mata 2025. Uwo munsi ugeze Mbarushimana Isaac, yitabye yunganiwe na Me Komezusenge Deogratias, naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Habimana Jean Cabin, Umushinjacyaha ku Rwego rw’Igihugu. [7] Mu bujurire bwe, Mbarushimana Isaac avuga ko hirengagijwe impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zari gushingirwaho akagabanyirizwa igihano zirimo kuba yaremeye icyaha mu nzego z’iperereza, kandi ko Umucamanza atabujijwe kugabanya igihano hahuzwa uburemere bw’icyaha n’igihano. [8] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko kwemera icyaha kwa Mbarushimana Isaac akoreye bwa mbere mu rwego rw’ubujurire ntacyo byamumarira kuko bigira akamaro gusa iyo ushinjwa

abikoze mu ntangiriro z’iburanisha ku rwego rwa mbere, ndetse akabikora mu buryo budashidikanywaho. [9] Muri uru rubanza harasuzumwa niba Mbarushimana Isaac ashobora kugabanyirizwa igihano. II. ISESENGURA RY’IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA Kumenya niba MBARUSHIMANA Isaac ashobora kugabanyirizwa igihano [10] Mbarushimana Isaac avuga ko atagabanyirijwe ibihano kandi hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zari gushingirwaho akagabanyirizwa, zirimo kuba yaremeye icyaha mu nzego z’iperereza, kuba ari ubwa mbere yari akurikiranwe mu nkiko kandi akaba yari asanzwe yitwara neza, kuba igihe yakoraga icyaha yari afite ubunararibonye buke bitewe n’uko yari ari mu busore. Asaba uru Rukiko kumugabanyiriza ibihano kubera izo mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha ndetse hakanahuzwa uburemere bw’icyaha n’igihano nk’uko byemejwe mu manza RS/INJUST/SPEC/2019/SC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga kuwa 04/12/2019 n’urubanza RPAA00042/2020/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kuwa 31/01/2022. [11] Me Komezusenge Deogratias, umwunganira nawe asaba ko yagabayirizwa ibihano hashingiwe ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha zagaragajwe na Mbarushimana Isaac akongeraho no kuba icyaha yakoze nta ngaruka z’ uburwayi budakira cyateje. Asaba Urukiko gushingira ku ngingo ya 2 y’ Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange no ku manza zaciwe zagabanyije ibihano ku bantu bakoze

icyaha nk’icye no mu buryo bumwe nk’ubwe maze akagabanyirizwa igihano kugeza ku gifungo cy’imyaka 15. [12] Me Komezusenge avuga ko mu manza zashingirwaho mu kugabanyiriza Mbarushimana Isaac harimo urubanza RPAA00488/2021/CA rwaciwe ku wa 27/1/2023 Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Hafashimana Silas, aho muri urwo rubanza Urukiko rwamugabanyirije igihano rushingiye ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha yo kuba yarakoze icyaha afite imyaka cumi n’icyenda (19) rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 15 aho kuba icya burundu yari yahawe ku rwego rubanza ku cyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’umuhungu w’imyaka itanu (5).

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[13] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko kwemera icyaha kwa Mbarushimana Isaac akoreye bwa mbere mu rwego rw’ubujurire, ntacyo kwamumarira nk’impamvu nyoroshyacyaha kuko byemerwa gusa iyo ushinjwa abikoze mu ntangiriro z’iburanisha ku rwego rwa mbere, ndetse akabikora mu buryo budashidikanywaho nk’uko ingingo ya 59 y’Itegeko riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, agace kayo ka 3° ribiteganya, akaba adakwiye kugabanyirizwa ibihano. Avuga ko ikibazo cyo kwemera icyaha bwa mbere mu bujurire cyatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza RPAA00048/2020/CA rwaciwe ku wa 26/05/2022, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Bimenyimana Jean Paul, rwemeje ko kwemera icyaha bwa mbere mu bujurire, bitagirira akamaro urega, kuko ujurira aba azanye ingingo nshya ataburanishije mu Nkiko zibanza kandi umucamanza w’ubujurire afite gusa inshingano yo gukosora amakosa yaba yarakozwe n’izo Nkiko. [14] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko Urukiko ruramutse rusanze izo mpamvu zifite ishingiro, nabwo atagabanyirizwa ibihano nk’uko byasobanuwe mu rubanza RPAA00312/2021/CA rwaciwe ku wa 29/07/2022 Ubushinjacyaha bubura na Mbonabucya Donatien, rwasobanuye ko Urukiko rudategetswe kugabanya igihano n’iyo haba hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ahubwo rugena igihano mu bushishozi bwarwo rurebye imikorere y’icyaha uregwa akurikiranyweho cyangwa uburyo cyakozwemo. [15] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko imirongo y’imanza Mbarushimana

Isaac, ashingiraho asaba kugabanyirizwa ibihano itashingirwaho kuko yagiyeho mbere y’uko itegeko rishya risohoka kandi bikaba byaratanzweho umurongo mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’uru Rukiko harimo : RPAA00387/2020/CA rwaciwe kuwa 22/12/2023, urubanza RPAA00006/2023/CA haburana ubushinjacyaha na Bahati Emmanuel, muri izo manza hemejwe ko umurongo wari uriho udashobora gukurikizwa mu gihe itegeko wari ushingiyeho ryavuyeho (cyangwa ryahinduwe).

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [16] Impaka muri uru rubanza zishingiye ku kumenya niba Mbarushimana Isaac ashobora kugabanyirizwaho igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu yahanishijwe n’Inkiko zibanza. [17] Ikibazo nk’iki cyatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza RPA00060/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 04/04/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nsabimana Callixte alias Sankara na bagenzi be mu gika cya 252-254, uwo murongo niwo wakomeje gukurikizwa mu manza zakurikiyeho, uruheruka akaba ari urubanza RPAA00864/2024/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 14/03/2025, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nshimiyimana (igika cya 10). Muri izo manza Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwavuze ko iyo abaregwa nta kindi banenga urubanza rwajuririwe uretse kuvuga gusa ko batagabanyirijwe ibihano, buri mucamanza ku rwego urwo ari rwo rwose, yemerewe gutanga igihano mu bushishozi bwe kijyanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha ndetse n’ingaruka zacyo. [18] Mbarushimana Isaac wakoze icyaha afite imyaka makumyabiri (20), mu Nkiko zombi zabanje yahamijwe icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’imyaka itandatu (6) ahanishwa igifungo cya burundu. Kuri uru rwego nta kindi anenga uretse kuba ataragabanyirijwe igihano kandi yaremeye icyaha mu iperereza, akaba yarakoze icyaha akiri umusore ataragira ubushishozi buhagije kandi akaba ari ubwa mbere yari akurikiranwe mu nkiko. Umwunganizi we asaba ko yagabanyirizwa igihano hakurijwe urubanza RPAA00488/2021/CA

rwaciwe ku wa 27/01/2023 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Hafashimana Silas wakoze icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’umuhungu ufite imyaka itanu (5) we afite imyaka cumi n’icyenda (19) agahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) aho kuba icya burundu yari yahawe ku rwego rubanza. [19] Uru rukiko rurasanga ibyo kwemera icyaha Mbarushimana Isaac aburanisha avuga ko bikwiye kumubera impamvu nyoroshya icyaha nta shingiro bifite kuko byemerwa gusa iyo ushinjwa abikoze mu ntangiriro z’iburanisha ku rwego rwa mbere, ndetse akabikora mu buryo budashidikanywaho nk’uko

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byemejwe mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’uru Rukiko ; uruheruka muri zo akaba ari urubanza RPAA00154/2023/CA, rwaciwe ku wa 29/01/2025, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Kwizera Paterne (igika cya 18), nyamara Mbarushimana Isaac we mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye ndetse no mu Rukiko Rukuru akaba yaraburanye ahakana icyaha. Rurasanga kandi Urubanza RPAA00488/2021/CA rwavuzwe mu gika kibanziriza iki rudashobora gushingirwaho mu kugabanya igihano kuko rwaciwe mbere y’uko itegeko No 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura itegeko No 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ryashyizeho uburyo bushya bwo kugabanya ibihano, risohoka kandi nyuma y’uko risohoka, uru Rukiko rukaba rwaragennye uburyo bushya bwo kugabanya ibihano butandukanye n’ubwakoreshwe muri urwo rubanza. [20] Uru Rukiko rurasanga ariko hari izindi manza rwaciye zijya gusa n’uru, ku bantu bari mu kigero kimwe n’icya Mbarushimana Isaac basambanyije abana bari mu kigero kijya kungana n’icy’uwo yasambanyije baburanye bahakana icyaha nkawe, Urukiko rwagabanyirije igihano rukajya munsi y’igifungo cya burundu kubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zirimo izo nawe yagaragaje : kuba ari ubwa mbere akurikiranwe mu nkiko no kuba yari akiva mu bwana. Muri izo manza harimo Urubanza RPAA00461/2023/CA rwaciwe ku wa 28/11/2024, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nzayisingiza Silas wagabanyirijwe igihano hashingiwe ku kuba ari ubwa mbere

akurikiranwe mu nkiko mu buryo buzwi, kuba yarakoze icyaha akiva mu bwana (afite imyaka 20) no kuba icyaha yakoze nta ngaruka zikomeye cyateje ; ahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 16 aho kuba igifungo cy’ imyaka 20 yahanishijwe n’Urukiko rubanza ku cyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’imyaka 7. [21] Uru Rukiko rurasanga Mbarushimana Isaac we yarasambanyije umwana w’imyaka 6, afite imyaka 20, akaba ari ubwa mbere akurikiranwe mu Nkiko mu buryo buzwi kandi yarakoze icyaha akiva mu bwana, uburyo yakozemo iki cyaha bukaba budatandukanye cyane n’uwakoze icyaha mu rubanza rumaze kuvugwa mu gika kibanziriza iki. Rusanga ariko ubukana (brutalité) yakoranye icyo cyaha bwaratumye uwo mwana ababara ku buryo bugaragara kandi nawe akabibona kuko yamuvushije amaraso ku munwa, mu kibuno no mu gitsina ; ibyo bikaba bigomba gutuma ahabwa igihano kisumbuye ku cyari cyahawe Nzayisingiza Silas wavuzwe mu gika kibanziriza iki ; agahanishwa igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’irindwi (17). III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [22] Rwemeje ko Ubujurire bwa Mbarushimana Isaac bufite ishingiro; [23] Rwemeje ko Urubanza RPA02029/2019/HC/KIG, rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 12/10/2022, ruhindutse ku birebana n’igihano gusa. [24] Rwemeje ko Mbarushimana Isaac ahanishwa igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’irindwi (17); [25] Rutegetse ko Mbarushimana Isaac asonewe gutanga amagarama y’urubanza kuko aburana afunze.