METROPOLE MOTORS Ltd vs. COGEBANQUE Plc

# METROPOLE MOTORS Ltd vs. COGEBANQUE Plc

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2022-05-20 - Case/document no.: RS/REV/RCOM 00001/2021/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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METROPOLE MOTORS Ltd vs. COGEBANQUE Plc [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RS/REV/RCOM 00001/2021/CA (Kamere, P.J.) 20 Gicurasi 2022] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza – Inzitizi – Kwakira ikirego – Gusubirishamo urubanza ingingo nshya – Ikimenyetso gishya – Ikirego gisaba gusubirishamo urubanza ingingo nshya kirakirwa iyo ikimenyetso cyatanzwe cyiswe gishya kitari kiriho mu gihe urubanza rusubirishwamo ingingo nshya rwaburanishwaga cyangwa se ababuranyi batashoboraga kukigeraho. Incamake y’ikibazo: Sosiyete Metropole Motors Ltd ivuga ko yagiranye amasezerano y’inguzanyo atandukanye na COGEBANQUE Plc, maze nayo itanga ingwate, ariko ko itahawe izo nguzanyo ku gihe ndetse ikanayiha amafaranga make ugereranije nayari yumvikanywe mu masezerano y’inguzanyo impande zombi zagiranye, ivuga kandi ko ibyo byose byatumye itagera ku ntego yari yasabiye inguzanyo maze biyitera igihombo ndetse bituma idashobora kwishyura inguzanyo uko bikwiye bikayiviramo kugurishirizwa imitungo ye mu cyamunara. Nyuma yaho, Sosiyete Metropole Motors Ltd irega banki mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ivuga ko itubahirije amasezerano y’inguzanyo bagiranye. Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwaciye urubanza, rusanga nta kosa COGEBANQUE Ltd yakoze mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amasezerano yagiranye na Metropole Motors Ltd kuko nayo itishyuraga umwenda yayihaye. Sosiyete Metropole Motors Ltd yajuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, ivuga ko Urukiko rubanza rwirengagije gusuzuma amakosa yakozwe na COGEBANQUE Ltd mu masezerano y’inguzanyo bakoranye. Nyuma y’isesengura, hashingiwe kuri raporo y’umuhanga, urukiko rwasanze ahubwo ko Metropole Motors Ltd yahawe amafaranga arenze ayo yari yarasezeranyijwe, bityo ko nta kosa yakoze ryaba ryarateje Metropole Motors Ltd igihombo. Metropole Motors Ltd yajuririye nanone urwo rubanza mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, ivuga ko COGEBANQUE Ltd yayiteje igihombo kubera kudatangira amafaranga y’inguzanyo ku gihe, bityo ko igomba kubimuhera indishyi. Urukiko rwasanze nta kimenyetso na kimwe Metropole Motors Ltd yagaragaje cyerekana amakosa banki yayikoreye mu gushyira mu bikorwa amasezerano y’inguzanyo bagiranye, bityo ko indishyi isaba itazihabwa kuko ntaho zishingiye. Metropole Motors Ltd yatanze nanone ikirego mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, isaba gusubirishamo urubanza ingingo nshya ivuga ko hari ikimenyetso gishya yabonye kigizwe n’inyandiko yatanzwe na Transunion Rwanda Limited ihereye ku makuru yahawe na Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu igaragaza umwenda wishyuzwa aho wari ugeze. COGEBANQUE Plc yatanze inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego cyatanzwe na Metropole Motors Ltd gisaba ko urubanza rusubirishwamo ingingo nshya kuko inyandiko yashingiyeho asanga itafatwa nk’ikimenyetso gishya kuko ari inyandiko buri wese yasaba muri CRB mu gihe akeneye amakuru ku mwenda yaba abereyemo Banki runaka kandi ko mu gihe urubanza rwari rukiburanishwa yashoboraga kuyihabwa.

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Incamake y’icyemezo: Ikirego gisaba gusubirishamo urubanza ingingo nshya kirakirwa iyo ikimenyetso cyatanzwe cyiswe gishya kitari kiriho mu gihe urubanza rusubirishwamo ingingo nshya rwaburanishwaga cyangwa se ababuranyi batashoboraga kukigeraho. Inzitizi ifite ishingiro; Amagarama y’urubanza ahwanye n’ibyarukozwemo. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 22/2018 y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 170. Nta manza zifashishijwe. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Mu bihe bitandukanye Metropole Motors Ltd yagiranye amasezerano y’inguzanyo atandukanye na COGEBANQUE Ltd kuri ubu yahindutse COGEBANQUE Plc itanga n’ingwate. Metropole MOTORS Ltd ivuga ko COGEBANQUE Ltd itashoboye kubahiriza ayo masezerano ngo kuko itatangiraga ku gihe cyumvikanyweho iyo nguzanyo, ndetse ikanayiha amafaranga atari agaragara mu masezerano impande zombi zagiranye, bigatuma itagera ku ntego yari yiyemeje yo kubaka ishuri no kugura ibikoresho, bikayitera n’igihombo. Ibyo byatumye Metropole Motors Ltd irega COGEBANQUE Ltd mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, ikirego cyayo cyandikwa kuri RCOM 02174/2017/TC/NYGE, ivuga ko COGEBANQUE Ltd itubahirije amasezerano y’inguzanyo yo ku wa 28/9/2015, aho ivuga ko yahawe amafaranga 75.089.369Frw mu mwanya w’amafaranga 120.000.000Frw aboneka mu masezerano impande zombi zagiranye, kandi ko habayeho ubukererwe mu gutanga icyiciro cya kabiri cy’iyi nguzanyo. Ivuga kandi ko COGEBANQUE Ltd itubahirije amasezerano yo ku wa 17/06/2016, aho ivuga ko yahawe amafaranga 33.400.000Frw mu mwanya w’amafaranga 35.000.000Frw aboneka mu masezerano, ko na yo yayahawe nyuma y’igihe kinini ibikoresho by’umushinga byaratinze muri gasutamo, ibyo ngo bikaba byarayiteye igihombo ndetse bigatuma idashobora kwishyura inguzanyo uko bikwiye kandi ko byayiviriyemo kugurishirizwa umutungo mu cyamunara. [2] Ku birebana n’amasezerano yo ku wa 11/09/2014 ajyanye n’inguzanyo ya 480.000.000Frw, uburanira Metropole Motors Ltd yavuze ko nta kibazo Metropole Motors Ltd iyafiteho, uretse kuba yaratangiye kwishyuzwa mbere y’uko « période de grace » irangira. Yasabye ko COGEBANQUE Ltd yategekwa kuvugurura amasezerano y’inguzanyo no gutanga amafaranga ataratanzwe hakurikijwe ibikubiye mu masezerano, ko kandi yategekwa gutanga 50.000.000Frw y’indishyi ku gihombo yateje no gutanga indishyi z’akababaro n’iz’ikurikiranarubanza. [3] Ku

wa

17/07/2018,

Urukiko

rw’Ubucuruzi

rwaciye

urubanza RCOM02174/2017/TC/NYGE, rusanga nta kosa COGEBANQUE Ltd yakoze mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amasezerano yagiranye na Metropole Motors Ltd kandi ko byari mu burenganzira bwayo gusesa amasezerano kuko Metropole Motors Ltd itishyuraga umwenda. Rutegeka

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Metropole Motors Ltd guha COGEBANQUE Ltd 600.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 50.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza. [4] Metropole Motors Ltd yajuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, ivuga ko Urukiko rubanza rwirengagije gusuzuma amakosa yakozwe na COGEBANQUE Ltd mu masezerano y’inguzanyo yayihaye, ko itagomba kwishyuzwa inyungu z’amafaranga itahawe kandi ko igomba guhabwa indishyi zikomoka ku gihombo yatejwe na COGEBANQUE Ltd. Urwo rubanza rwanditswe kuri RCOMA 00724/2018/CHC/HCC. [5] Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, mbere yo guca urubanza, rwashyizeho umuhanga mu ibaruramari impande zombi zemeranywaho, agaragaza imiterere y’amasezerano y’inguzanyo, amafaranga akubiye mu masezerano y’inguzanyo n’ayageze kuri konti ya Metropole Motors Ltd, ndetse n’ayo yishyuzwa ku itariki raporo y’umuhanga yakoreweho. [6] Ku wa 20/09/2019, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rumaze gusesengura raporo yatanzwe n’umuhanga mu ibaruramari n’icyo impande zombi ziyivugaho, rwaciye urubanza RCOMA00724/2018/CHC/HCC, rusanga amafaranga 701.000.000 Frw Metropole Motors Ltd yahaweho inguzanyo arenze ayo yari yarasezeranyijwe, rusanga kandi amafaranga Metropole Motors Ltd ivuga ko atageze kuri konti yayo ari ayo COGEBANQUE Ltd yiyishyuye ku bw’ibirarane by’umwenda uwagurijwe atari yarishyuye, n’ayishyuwe abafatanyabikorwa ba Metropole Motors Ltd hashingiwe ku masezerano bagiranye. Rwasanze nta ndishyi COGEBANQUE Ltd ikwiye gucibwa kuko nta kosa yakoze ryaba ryarateje Metropole Motors Ltd igihombo. Rushingiye kandi kuri raporo y’umuhanga, rwasanze ku itariki ya 30/04/2019 Metropole Motors Ltd yari ibereyemo COGEBANQUE Ltd umwenda ungana na 1.089.908.597Frw. Rutegeka Metropole Motors Ltd kwishyura COGEBANQUE Ltd 1.000.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka, runayitegeka gutanga ubwishyu buhwaye na 2.000.000 Frw bwari busigaye ku gihembo cy’umuhanga mu ibaruramari ari we ZENICO Ltd. [7] Metropole Motors Ltd yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, ivuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwaciye urubanza rushingiye gusa kuri raporo y’umuhanga ZENICO Ltd rwirengagije ibitekerezo byatanzwe n’umuhanga washyizweho na Metropole Motors Ltd, ko rwirengagije ko Metropole Motors Ltd yatangiye kwishyuzwa umwenda mbere y’uko “période de grâce” yahawe irangira. Ivuga kandi ko Urukiko rwirengagije ko inguzanyo y’amafaranga 480.000.000Frw itayihawe uko yakabaye kuko hari amafaranga COGEBANQUE Ltd yishyuye “Business partners” ba Metropole Motors Ltd batabyumvikanyeho, ko kandi ku nguzanyo y’amafaranga 120.000.000Frw yahawe gusa 75.089.369Frw, naho mu mwanya w’amafaranga 35.000.000Frw akubiye mu masezerano ya gatatu ikaba yarahawe 33.400.000Frw. Ivuga kandi ko COGEBANQUE Ltd yayiteje igihombo kubera kudatangira amafaranga y’inguzanyo ku gihe, bityo ko igomba kubimuhera indishyi z’amafaranga 50.000.000Frw. Ubwo bujurire bwanditswe kuri RCOMAA 00057/2020/CA. [8] Ku ruhande rwa COGEBANQUE Ltd mu kwiregura kuri ubwo bujurire yavuze ko umuhanga mu ibaruramari ZENICO Ltd yashyizweho n’Urukiko impande zombi zimwemeranyijweho, ko ibitekerezo bya Metropole Motors Ltd bivuguruza raporo ya ZENICO Ltd bidakwiye gufatwa nk’indi raporo y’umuhanga. Ivuga ko amasezerano arebana n’inguzanyo y’amafaranga 480.000.000Frw adakwiye kugibwaho impaka kuko mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi

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Metropole Motors Ltd yivugiye ko nta kibazo iyafiteho, kandi ko amafaranga yose Metropole MOTORS Ltd yishyuzwa yayahaweho inguzanyo nk’uko byagaragajwe n’umuhanga. [9] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwasuzumye ikibazo kirebana n’inenge Metropole Motors Ltd ivuga ko zaranze amasezerano y’inguzanyo yahawe na COGEBANQUE Ltd, n’ikirebana n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. [10] Ku birebana n’inenge Metropole Motors Ltd ivuga ko zaranze amasezerano y’inguzanyo yahawe na COGEBANQUE Ltd, uburanira Metropole Motors Ltd yavuze ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwaciye urubanza rushingiye gusa kuri raporo y’umuhanga ZENICO Ltd, nyamara ngo rwirengagiza isesengura ryakozwe n’umuhanga wa Metropole Motors Ltd ryagaragaje ko COGEBANQUE Ltd yishe amasezerano y’inguzanyo. [11] Uburanira COGEBANQUE Ltd yavuze ko umuhanga washyizweho n’Urukiko nyuma y’uko ababuranyi bombi bamwumvikanyeho kugira ngo asuzume ibyerekeye inguzanyo yatanzwe ari ZENICO Ltd, ko nta wundi muhanga wiyambajwe, kandi ko ibitekerezo Metropole Motors Ltd yatanze kuri raporo y’umuhanga ari imiburanire yayo bwite kandi ko yagiweho impaka. Yavuze ko kuba Urukiko rutarabishingiyeho mu gufata icyemezo atari ikosa mu gihe rusanze nta shingiro iyo miburanire ifite, ko kandi umuhanga washyizweho yatunganyije imirimo neza akurikije «termes de référence» yahawe ari zo: "kwemeza ingano y’umwenda watanzwe, kumenya niba hari amafaranga Metropole Motors Ltd itahawe, kumenya aho umwenda wari ugeze ku munsi raporo yakoreweho no gutanga ibindi bisobanuro byaba ngombwa". [12] Uburanira COGEBANQUE Ltd yasobanuye ko mu gika cya mbere cy’urubanza RCOMA00724/2018/CHC/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi Metropole Motors Ltd yivugiye ko nta kibazo ifite ku masezerano yo ku wa 11/09/2014 arebana n’umwenda ungana na 480.000.000Frw, bityo ko idashobora kubigarukaho mu bujurire. Yavuze ko inguzanyo y’amafaranga 480.000.000Frw yatanzwe mu rwego rwo kugura umwenda (rachat de crédit) Metropole Motors Ltd yari ifitiye abandi bafatanyabikorwa « Business partners », uwo mwenda ukaba wari ugeze ku mafaranga 405.000.000, naho amafaranga angana na 75.000.000 asagutse akaba ari yo yahawe Metropole Motors Ltd kugira ngo ikomeze imirimo y’umushinga wayo, kandi ko ayo mafaranga yayahabwaga hakurikijwe aho imirimo y’ubwubatsi yabaga igeze, ikaba ntaho yahera ivuga ko habaye ubukererwe mu guhabwa amafaranga. [13] Uburanira COGEBANQUE Ltd yasobanuye kandi ko inguzanyo COGEBANQUE Ltd yahaye Metropole Motors Ltd, n’ubwo yatanzwe mu bice 3 ariko ko amasezerano avuga ko umwenda utanzwe ukorerwa «consolidation des engagements» n’uwatanzwe mbere, ari yo mpamvu mu gihe COGEBANQUE Ltd yatangaga umwenda wa 120.000.000 Frw yavanyemo ibirarane Metropole Motors Ltd itishyuye ku mwenda wa mbere, igahabwa 75.089.369Frw mu mwanya wa 120.000.000Frw. Ku birebana n’iyo nguzanyo kandi, COGEBANQUE yavuze ko yishyuraga buri fagitire itanzwe na Metropole Motors Ltd nk’uko byari bikubiye mu masezerano, kandi ko nta mucuruzi wigeze avuga ko yishyuwe akererewe. Yasobanuye kandi ko igice cya gatatu cy’inguzanyo COGEBANQUE Ltd yatanze cyari kigenewe kwishyura umusoro w’ibikoresho Metropole Motors Ltd yatumije, kandi ko umusoro waciwe ari wo wishyuwe. COGEBANQUE yanasabye Urukiko kugenera COGEBANQUE Ltd amafaranga angana na

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2.000.000 y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ay’ikurikiranarubanza kuri urwo rwego, no kutagenera Metropole Motors Ltd ayo yasabye kuko yajuriye igambiriye kuburizamo ubwishyu iyigomba. [14] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire nyuma yo gusesengura ibisobanuro byatanzwe n’ababuranyi n’ibimenyetso rwashyikirijwe, rwabihuje n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 150 y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, mu gace kayo ka 6, iteganya ko umwanzuro w’ubujurire ugomba kuba ukubiyemo ibisobanuro kuri buri nenge cyangwa kuri buri kibazo bigaragaza amakosa hashingiwe ku mategeko n’ibimenyetso n’igisabwa Urukiko, ingingo ya 154 y’iryo Tegeko iteganya ko ku rwego rw’ubujurire hadashobora gutangirwa ikirego gishya, n’ngingo ya 64 y’Itegeko Nº 45/2011 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano, iteganya ko: «Amasezerano akozwe ku buryo bukurikije amategeko aba itegeko ku bayagiranye. Ashobora guseswa ari uko babyumvikanyeho cyangwa ku mpamvu zemewe n'amategeko. Agomba kubahirizwa nta buriganya». [15] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwasanze mu gika cya mbere cy’urubanza RCOMA00724/2018/HCC/CHC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi Metropole Motors Ltd yarivugiye ubwayo ko nta kibazo ifite ku masezerano Nº 1273/2014 yo ku wa 11/09/2014 arebana n’inguzanyo y’amafaranga 480.000.000Frw yahawe na COGEBANQUE Ltd, gusa igaruka ku nenge yo kuba harirengagijwe «période de grâce» ivugwa muri aya masezerano, naho muri uru Rukiko abayiburanira, hejuru yo kugaruka kuri « période de grâce » bavuga ko habayeho ubukererwe mu gutanga amafaranga y’inguzanyo. [16] Urukiko rwasanze ku birebana n’amasezerano Nº1273/2014 yo ku wa 11/09/2014, ubujurire bwa Metropole Motors Ltd bugomba gusuzumwa gusa ku birebana na «période de grâce» kuko ari yo ngingo yaburanyweho mu rubanza rujuririrwa, ko ibirebana n’igice cy’amafaranga yaba yaratanzwe akerewe bitagomba gusuzumwa kuko bwari ubwa mbere biburanishijwe, mu gihe mu Nkiko zabanje Metropole Motors Ltd yari yivugiye ko nta kibazo kirebana n’amasezerano avugwa. [17] Urukiko rwasanze nk’uko bigaragara mu masezerano y’inguzanyo nº 0386/2016 yo ku wa 17/06/2016, impande zombi zaremeranyijwe imbere ya notaire ko inguzanyo zose uko ari eshatu Metropole Motors Ltd yahawe ziteranyirizwa hamwe «consolidation des engagements», impande zombi zikaba zaremeranyijwe ku ngano y’umwenda kuri uwo munsi ihwanye na 704.899.908Frw (principal + intérêts) ndetse zemeranywa ku buryo bushya bwo kwishyura inguzanyo, aho uwagurijwe yahawe igihe cy’imyaka 10 cyo kwishyura kandi akemererwa amezi atatu ya «période de grâce». [18] Urukiko rwasanze kuba harabayeho ihuzwa ry’imyenda ryakurikiwe n’uburyo bushya bwo kwishyura ndetse na «période grâce» ibarwa kuva igihe impande zombi zashyiriye umukono ku masezerano mashya bitavanaho ibyakozwe n’impande zombi zishingiye ku masezerano nº1273/2014 yo ku wa 11/09/2014 arebana n’inguzanyo y’amafaranga 480.000.000Frw yagombaga gutangira kwishyurwa ku wa 30/06/2015, ko kuba COGEBANQUE Ltd yariyishyuye ku wa 30/11/2015 itishe amasezerano nº 0386/2016 yo ku wa 17/06/2016 kuko aya masezerano yari atarabaho, ahubwo hubahirijwe ibikubiye mu masezerano nº 1273/2014 yo ku wa 11/09/2014 kuko ari yo yarebanaga n’iyo nguzanyo, kandi ko kuba Metropole Motors Ltd ivuga ko yagombaga gutangira kwishyura umwenda ku wa 30/09/2016 ari ukwigiza nkana kuko

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yari izi neza ko mbere yo gukora «consolidation des engagements» hari umwenda w’ibanze yari ifite kandi yagombaga kuba yaratangiye kwishyura tariki ya 30/06/2015. [19] Urukiko rwasanze nta kosa ryakozwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi kuko rwasobanuye neza ibikubiye mu masezerano y’inguzanyo nº 1273/2014 yo ku wa 11/09/2014, avuga ko Metropole Motors Ltd ihawe « période de grâce» y’amezi 6 ikazatangira kwishyura umwenda ku wa 30/06/2015, kuba rero ku wa 30/11/2015 COGEBANQUE Ltd yari yishyuye amafaranga 8.288.473 yari kuri konti ya Metropole Motors Ltd bikaba bitagize ikosa risabirwa indishyi kuko «période de grâce » yari irenzeho andi mezi atanu. [20] Urukiko rwasanze ku birebana n’ingingo y’ubujurire Metropole MotorS Ltd itanga yo kuba COGEBANQUE Ltd yarishe amasezerano y’inguzanyo nº 0730/15 yo ku wa 28/09/2015 ngo kuko yatanze amafaranga 75.089.369 mu mwanya w’amafaranga 120.000.000 akubiye mu masezerano, ubwayo idahakana ko kuri iyo tariki yari ibereyemo COGEBANQUE Ltd kandi ko hari amafaranga Banki yiyishyuye iyavana ku nguzanyo yari yayigeneye. [21] Urukiko rwasanze nk’uko na Metropole MotorS Ltd yabyiyemereye mu Nkiko zibanza, impande zombi zaremeranyijwe ko inguzanyo Metropole Motors Ltd ihabwa mu bice bitandukanye zigendera ku ihame rya « consolidation des engagements», ibyo bikaba bisobanura impamvu yatumye COGEBANQUE Ltd yatanze umwenda ungana na 120.000.000Frw ikabanza kwiyishyura ibirarane Metropole Motors Ltd yari iyifitiye, bikomoka ku nguzanyo ya mbere ya 480.000.000Frw kuko izo nguzanyo zari zimaze guhurizwa hamwe. Kandi Metropole Motors Ltd kuvuga ko itahawe amafaranga 44.910.631 nta shingiro bifite mu gihe idahakana ko ayo mafaranga yishyuye umwenda yari ibereyemo COGEBANQUE Ltd. Rwasanze kandi imbere ya Noteri, ku wa 26/04/2016 Metropole Motors Ltd yariyemereye ingano y’umwenda ya 704.899.908Frw habariwemo inguzanyo ya 120.000.000Frw, ndetse n’umuhanga washyizweho, amaze gusuzuma uburyo inguzanyo zatanzwe na «historique » ya konti ya Metropole Motors Ltd yaremeje ko amafaranga 120.000.000 yatanzwe habanje kuvanwamo ubwishyu bw’ibirarane Metropole Motors Ltd yari ifitiye Cogebanque Ltd, ibyo na byo bikaba byerekana ko ibivugwa na MetropolE Motors Ltd ko yatejwe igihombo n’amafaranga yakoreshejwe mu kwishyura ibirarane by’umwenda wabanjirije uyu kandi wabaye umwe binyuze muri «consolidation des engagements » impande zombi zemera, nta shingiro bifite. [22] Ku birebana n’amasezerano nº 0386/2016 yo ku wa 17/06/2016, Metropole Motors Ltd inenga ko ku nguzanyo y’amafaranga 35.000.000 avugwa muri ayo masezerano, yahawe gusa amafaranga 33.400.000 ariko ikaba yishyuzwa umubumbe wa yose, kandi ko kudahabwa amafaranga 1.600.000 yasigaye byayiteye igihombo. [23] Urukiko rwasanze imiburanire ya Metropole Motors Ltd inyuranye n’amasezerano y’inguzanyo yishyiriyeho umukono, kuko buri cyiciro cy’amasezerano y’inguzanyo yakiriye yuzuzaga icyiciro kiyibanziriza bigahinduka umwenda umwe ndetse hakubiyemo n’ibirarane by’inguzanyo itarishyuwe, ari yo mpamvu umuhanga mu ibaruramari yagereranyije amasezerano yashyizweho umukono n’impande zombi na déblocage de crédits, akerekana ko ikinyuranyo kirimo kitavuga ko hari amafaranga Metropole Motors Ltd itahawe, ko ahubwo biterwa no kuba Banki yarabanzaga kwiyishyura ibirarane by’icyiciro kibanza mbere yo gutanga icyiciro gikurikiyeho.

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[24] Urukiko rwasanze mu masezerano yo ku wa 17/06/2016 impande zombi zashyizeho umukono imbere ya Noteri, Metropole Motors Ltd yariyemereye ko ihawe inyongera y’inguzanyo majoration des engagements y’amafaranga 35.000.000, ituma amafaranga yose y’inguzanyo hamwe n’inyungu z’ubukererwe ku birarane bitishyuwe agera ku mafaranga 704.899.908, raporo y’umuhanga ikaba igaragaza ko Metropole Motors Ltd yakiriye amafaranga yose ku nguzanyo yasabye, ndetse ko COGEBANQUE Ltd yatanze amafaranga arenze ayo yari yasezeranye, kuko yarekuye amafaranga 701.000.000 mu mwanya w’amafaranga 635.000.000 yari yemeye gutanga. Urukiko rukaba rutabona aho Metropole Motors Ltd ihera ivuga ko itemera ingano y’umwenda yahawe. [25] Urukiko rwasanze nta kimenyetso na kimwe Metropole Motors Ltd yagaragaje cyerekana amakosa COGEBANQUE Ltd yayikoreye mu gushyira mu bikorwa amasezerano y’inguzanyo bagiranye, bityo n’indishyi zingana n’amafaranga 50.000.000 isaba itazihabwa kuko ntaho zishingiye. [26] Ku bijyanye n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka, Metropole Motors Ltd na COGEBANQUE Ltd, buri ruhande rwasabye kugenerwa amafaranga 2.000.000 akubiyemo ay’ikurikiranarubanza n’ay’igihembo cya Avoka. [27] Urukiko rushingiye ku bisobanuro byatanzwe n’impande zombi, ku ngingo ya 111 y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018, iteganya ko: "Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ari ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza”, ku ngingo ya 34 y’Amabwiriza nº 01/2014 yo ku wa 18/07/2014 agena ibihembo mbonera by’Abavoka, iteganya ko: Avoka afite uburenganzira bwo kugena igihembo ashyize mu gaciro ariko kitari munsi ya 500.000 Frw kandi kitarenze 3.000.000 Frw, no ku ngingo ya 33 y’ayo mabwiriza, iteganya ko mu bujurire Avoka w’urega n’uw’uregwa bafite uburenganzira kuri kimwe cya kabiri cy’igihembo cyumvikanyweho ku rwego rwa mbere, rwasanze nta mafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza Metropole Motors Ltd ikwiye guhabwa kuko itsindwa urubanza yajuririye, ahubwo COGEBANQUE Ltd yarezwe mu bujurire ikaba ari yo iyakwiye kuko ntacyo iryozwa mu ngingo zose yarezwe. Rwasanze ariko amafaranga angana na 2.000.000 COGEBANQUE Ltd isaba idasobanura aho iyashingira, ahubwo ikwiye kugenerwa amafaranga 1.000.000 akubiyemo ay’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka agatangwa na Metropole Motors Ltd itsinzwe urubanza. [28] Ku wa 12/02/2021 Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwakijije urwo rubanza, maze rwemeza ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Metropole Motors Ltd nta shingiro bufite, ko kandi nta gihindutse ku mikirize y’urubanza RCOMA00724/2018/CHC/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 20/09/2019. Rutegeka Metropole Motors Ltd guha COGEBANQUE Ltd amafaranga angana na 1.000.000Frw akubiyemo ay’ikurikiranarubanza n’ay’igihembo cya Avoka kuri urwo rwego, rutegeka kandi ko ingwate y’amagarama yatanzwe na Metropole Motors Ltd irega ihera mu Isanduku ya Leta kuko ihwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza. [29] Ku wa 27/08/2021 Metropole Motors Ltd yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, gihabwa

RS/REV/RCOM

00001/2021/CA,

isaba

gusubirishamo

urubanza RCOMAA00057/2020/CA ingingo nshya hashingiwe ku nyandiko yatanzwe na Transunion Rwanda Limited ihereye ku makuru yahawe Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu y’Igihugu, igaragaza ko

## Page 8

muri raporo yatanzwe na COGEBANQUE Plc ijyanye n’umwenda aho wari ugeze ku itariki ya 31/05/2021 ari amafaranga 700.705.885Frw. [30] Urubanza rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame ku wa 04/05/2022, Metropole Motors Ltd ihagarariwe na Me Nyembo Emelyne na Me Nsengiyumva Yussuf, naho COGEBANQUE Plc ihagarariwe na Me Kayitare Serge. Urukiko rushyira isomwa ryarwo ku wa 20/05/2022 kandi hakabanza gusuzumwa ibijyanye n’iyakirwa ry’iki kirego. II.IBIBAZO BIGIZE URU RUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYABYO 1.Gusuzuma ishingiro ry’inzitizi yatanzwe na COGEBANQUE Plc yo kutakira ikirego cyo gusubirishamo urubanza ingingo nshya cyatanzwe na Metropole Motors Ltd [31] Me Kayitare Serge uburanira COGEBANQUE Plc avuga ko ikirego cyatanzwe na Metropole Motors Ltd kitagomba kwakirwa, kuko igishingira ku ngingo ya 170 ku gace ka 3 y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, isaba ko urubanza rwasubirishwamo ingingo nshya hashingiwe ku kimenyetso gishya yabonye kigizwe n’inyandiko yatanzwe na Transunion Rwanda Limited ihereye ku makuru yahawe Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu igaragaza ko muri raporo yatanzwe na COGEBANQUE Ltd umwenda wishyuzwa Metropole Motors Ltd wari ugeze ku mafaranga 700.705.885 ku wa 31/05/2021. [32] Me Kayitare Serge akomeza avuga ko icyo kimenyetso kitashingirwaho, kuko kugira ngo icyo kimenyetso cy’inyandiko yatanzwe na Transunion Rwanda Limited cyitwe ko ari gishya ari uko Metropole Motors Ltd yari kuba itarashoboraga kukibona mu gihe urubanza rwaburanishwaga. Avuga ko iyo nyandiko itafatwa nk’ikimenyetso gishya kuko ari inyandiko buri wese yasaba muri CRB mu gihe akeneye amakuru ku mwenda yaba abereyemo Banki runaka kandi ko mu gihe urubanza rwari rukiburanishwa yashoboraga kuyihabwa. [33] Me Kayitare Serge avuga kandi ko agace ka 3 k’ingingo ya 170 yavuzwe hejuru haruguru gateganya ko ikimenyetso gishya kigomba kuba kimara impaka, ariko ko inyandiko Metropole Motors Ltd itanga itamara impaka, kuko hari indi nyandiko na COGEBANQUE Plc ifite kandi nayo yatanzwe na CRB ariko igaragaza ingano y’umwenda wa 1.089.908.597Frw (igaragara kuri attachment no 41 muri IECMS), ko kandi icyo Metropole Motors Plc igaragaza nk’ikimenyetso gishya kitasimbura raporo ya Expertise yakozwe n’umuhanga washyizweho n’Urukiko yemeranyijweho n’ababuranyi bombi, na we akaba yaremeje ko uwo mwenda ugeze kuri 1.089.908.597Frw. Bityo ko gusubirishamo urubanza ingingo nshya kutakwakirwa kuko kunyuranye n’ibitegaywa n’iyo ngingo Metropole Motors Ltd ishingiraho irega. [34] Metropole Motors Ltd isaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kwemeza ko urubanza RCOMAA00057/2020/CA rusubirishwamo ingingo nshya hashingiwe ku nyandiko yatanzwe na Transunion Rwanda Limited (igaragara kuri attachment no1 muri IECMS) ihereye ku makuru yahawe na Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu y’Igihugu, iyo nyandiko ikaba igaragaza ko muri raporo yatanzwe na COGEBANQUE Plc ijyanye n’umwenda aho wari ugeze ku itariki ya 31/05/2021 ari amafaranga 700.705.885Frw.

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[35] Ababuranira Metropole Motors Ltd basobanura ko amakuru akubiye muri iyo nyandiko agaragaza umwenda nyakuri Metropole Motors Ltd igomba kwishyura COGEBANQUE Plc utandukanye n’uwagaragajwe mu rubanza RCOMAA00057/2020/CA, ngo kuko ingano y’umwenda yategetswe kwishyura yongerewe kugira ngo Urukiko rubone ko ari ruharwa kubera kwambura COGEBANQUE Plc amafaranga menshi. [36] Metropole Motors Ltd isaba Urukiko guha ishingiro icyo kimenyetso ibona ko ari gishya kandi cya kamarampaka mu gusubirishamo urubanza rwaciwe, gikurikije ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 170 CPCCSA, maze Urukiko rukazemeza ko umwenda Metropole Motors Ltd ibereyemo COGEBANQUE Plc ungana na 700.705.885 Frw aho kuba ayemejwe mu rubanza rusubirishwamo ingingo nshya. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [37] Ingingo ya 170, igika cya 1, agace ka 3, y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ibikurikira : “Urubanza rushobora gusubirishwamo ingingo nshya iyo, kuva aho urubanza ruciriwe, habonetse ikimenyetso gishya kimara impaka kigaragaza neza akarengane katewe n’urubanza rusabirwa gusubirwamo”. [38] Iyo ngingo ya 170 mu gika cya 2 n’icya 3 iteganya kandi ibikurikira : “Haseguriwe ibivugwa mu gace ka gatatu (3) k'iyi ngingo, ikimenyetso gishya ni ikimenyetso umuburanyi atashoboraga kumenya ko cyaba gihari, akakibona nyuma cyangwa akaba atarabashaga kukigeraho igihe yaburanaga. Ikimenyetso n’iyo ari gishya gihabwa agaciro gusa iyo gishobora kuvuguruza ibyari byashingiweho mu ica ry’urubanza rusabirwa gusubirishwamo ingingo nshya”. [39] Ingingo ya 4 y’Itegeko N°15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo iteganya ko urukiko ruca urubanza rwaregewe hakurikijwe ibimenyetso bihuje na kamere y’ikiburanwa. [40] Hasesenguwe ibikubiye mu ngingo ya 170 y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 imaze kuvugwa haruguru, Urukiko rurasanga birumvikana ko ibimenyetso bya kamarampaka byabonetse kuva aho urubanza rusubirishwamo ingingo nshya rwaciwe ari ibimenyetso byari biriho mu gihe urwo rubanza rwaburanishwaga n’Urukiko rwaruciwe burundu, ariko ababuranyi batashoboraga kugeraho cyangwa se byaragaragajwe nyuma yicibwa y’urwo rubanza kandi bikaba bimara impaka bafitanye. [41] Hashingiwe kuri ibyo bisobanuro, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ikimenyetso cy’inyandiko yatanzwe na Transunion Rwanda Limited ihereye ku makuru yahawe na Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu, atanzwe na COGEBANQUE Ltd yerekana aho umwenda Metropole Motors Ltd iyibereyemo wari ugeze ku wa 31/05/2021,atari ikimenyetso cya kamarampaka gihuye n’ikivugwa mu ngingo ya 170 y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ryavuzwe haruguru, kuko uretse no kuba ari ikimenyetso cyari kiriho mu gihe urubanza rusubirishwamo ingingo nshya rwari rukirimo kuburanishwa gusa kikaba cyarashakishijwe nyuma y’isomwa ry’urwo rubanza, nta n’ubwo cyamara impaka hagati y’ababuranyi bombi ku

## Page 10

bijyanye n’ingano y’umwenda ugomba kwishyurwa kuko kidashobora kuvuguruza amakuru agenda atangwa na COGEBANQUE Plc kuri uwo mwenda ; bityo kuba icyo kimenyetso kitubahirije ibivugwa muri iyo ngingo ikirego cya Metropole Motors Ltd cyo gusubirishamo ingingo nshya urubanza rwavuze haruguru kikaba kitakwakirwa. Kubera izo mpamvu zose, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego cya Metropole Motors Ltd ifite ishingiro. 2.Ibijyanye n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’ay’igihembo cya Avoka asabwa n’ababuranyi [42] Me Nyembo Emelyne uhagarariye Metropole Motors Ltd ashingiye ku ngingo ya 111 y’Itegeko Nº22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka COGEBANQUE Plc guha Metropole Motors Ltd amafaranga angana na miliyoni imwe (1.000.000Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka. [43] Me Kayitare Serge uhagarariye COGEBANQUE Plc we avuga ko kuba ikirego cyatanzwe na Metropole Motors Ltd kidakwiye kwakirwa kuko impamvu gishingiyeho zidahuye n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 170 y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru, COGEBANQUE Plc isanga nta ndishyi ikwiye gusabwa. Asaba ahubwo Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka Metropole Motors Ltd kuyisubiza amafaranga yose ikomeje gutanga kuri uru rubanza angana na miliyoni imwe (1.000.000Frw). UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [44] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, iteganya ibikurikira : Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo. ʺ Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe”. [45] Ingingo ya 34 y’Amabwiriza Nº 01/2014 yo ku wa 18/07/2014 agena ibihembo mbonera by’Abavoka, iteganya ko: “Avoka afite uburenganzira bwo kugena igihembo ashyize mu gaciro ariko kitari munsi ya 500.000 Frw kandi kitarenze 3.000.000 Frw”. Ingingo ya 33 y’ayo mabwiriza, igateganya ko “mu bujurire Avoka w’urega n’uw’uregwa bafite uburenganzira kuri kimwe cya kabiri cy’igihembo cyumvikanyweho ku rwego rwa mbere". [46] Ku bijyanye n’amafaranga y’ibyagenze kuri uru rubanza asabwa na COGEBANQUE Plc kuri uru rwego, Urukiko rurasanga afite ishingiro ikaba ikwiye kuyahabwa kuko byabaye ngombwa ko ishyiraho Avoka ikanakurikirana uru rubanza yarezwemo na Metropole Motors Ltd ariko nk’uko bimaze gusobanurwa haruguru rukaba rurangiriye aha kuko ikirego kitujuje ibisabwa n’amategeko kugira ngo cyakirwe. Mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko rukaba rugeneye COGEBANQUE Plc kuri uru rwego amafaranga ibihumbi magana arindwi (700.000 Frw) agizwe na 500.000Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 200.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza.

## Page 11

III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [47] Rwemeje ko inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego cya Metropole Motors Ltd yatanzwe na COGEBANQUE Plc ifite ishingiro ; [48] Rwemeje kutakira ikirego cya Metropole Motors Ltd gisubirishamo ingingo nshya urubanza RCOMAA 00057/2020/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 12/02/202; [49] Rutegetse Metropole Motors Ltd kwishyura COGEBANQUE Plc amafaranga ibihumbi magana arindwi (700.000Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka n‘ikurikiranarubanza kuri uru rwego; [50] Ruvuze ko amafaranga yatanzweho ingwate y’amagarama y’uru rubanza ahwanye n’ibyarukozwemo.