MINANI vs MUKARUSANGA NABANDI

# MINANI vs MUKARUSANGA NABANDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2023-05-16 - Case/document no.: RS/INJUST/RCOM 00003/2022/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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MINANI v MUKARUSANGA N’ABANDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RS/INJUST/RCOM 00003/2022/CA (Munyangeli, P.J., Ngagi na Kamere, J.) 16 Gicurasi 2023] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza zasabiwe gusuburishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane – Akarengane gasuzumirwa mu mbibi z’icyaburanweho mu rubanza rwasabiwe gusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane. Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza – Kubyutsa urubanza – Icyemezo cy’Urukiko kirebana n’ikirego gisaba kubyutsa urubanza ntikijuririrwa – Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 28/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza mbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, Ingingo ya 55, igika cya 5. Incamake y’ikibazo: Minani yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi arega Mukarusanga, RDB na COGEBANQUE Ltd avuga ko Mukarusanga, Umuhesha w’inkiko w’umwuga yagurishije mu cyamunara umutungo we ubaruye kuri UPI: 4/05/03/01/1031 yari yaratanzeho ingwate ku mwenda yahawe na COGEBANQUE Ltd, mu buryo bunyuranije n’amategeko, kuko hatubahirijwe imihango ya cyamunara, ariko ko iyo cyamunara yaje kwemezwa n’Umwanditsi Mukuru muri RDB, maze asaba Urukiko gutesha agaciro iyo cyamunara. Ku munsi w’iburanisha ry'urwo rubanza Minani ntiyitabye, maze abaregwa basaba ko urubanza rusibwa. Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwemeje ko urubanza rusibwe Minani yatanze ikirego asaba kubyutsa urwo rubanza, avuga ko impamvu atitabye ku munsi w’iburanisha ari uko yari arwaye ndetse n’umwunganizi we yagiye mu nteko rusange y’Urugaga rw’Abavoka. Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi nyuma yo gusuzuma impamvu yatanze zatumye atitabira iburanisha, rwemeza ko Minani atemerewe kubyutsa urwo rubanza, Minani yajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, arusaba gusuzuma niba ikirego cye kitaragombaga kwakirwa kigasuzumwa hashingiwe ku mpapuro z'uburwayi yahawe na muganga gakondo. Mukarusanga yatanze inzitizi asaba Urukiko kutakira ubujurire bwa Minani. COGEBANQUE Plc ivuga ko yemeranwa n'ibivugwa na Mukarusanga ko ubujurire bwa Minani budakwiye kwakirwa. Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko ubujurire bwa Minani butakiriwe, Minani nyuma yo kutishimira icyo cyemezo yatakambiye Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, asaba ko urubanza rusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, nyuma yo gusuzuma ubusabe bwe, Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire yandikira Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga amusaba kwemeza ko urwo rubanza rusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, maze mu cyemezo cye Nº 099/CJ/2022, Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga yemeza ko urwo rubanza rusubirwamo ku

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mpamvu z’akarengane, arwoherereza Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kugira ngo rube ari rwo ruzaruburanisha. Minani mu miburanire ye mu rubanza rwasabiwe gusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, avuga ko akarengane ke gashingiye kukuba imihango ya cyamunara itarubahirijwe kandi akaba atarahawe raporo ya Cyamunara bityo akavugako ko kuba urubanza byaremejwe ko rusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane rukwiye ku buranishwa mu mizi. Uregwa avuga ko akarengane kagomba gusuzumirwa mu rubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwemeje ko urubanza rusibwa; bityo akavugako mu karengane hatasumwa urubanza mu mizi kandi Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rutarasuzumye urubanza mu mizi. Uregwa akomeza avuga ko Minani yatangiriye urubanza rwe mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, mu iburanisha ntiyitaba ikirego cye kirasibwa, ajuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi narwo rwemeza ko ukubyutsa urubanza rwasibwe bitajuririrwa, rwemeza ko ubujurire bwe butakirwa; avugako Urukiko rudakwiye gusumira akarengane mu mizi y’urubanza ahubwo rwagasumira mu kubyutsa urubanza kuko aribyo byaburanweho. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Akarengane gasuzumiwa mu mbibi z’icyaburanweho mu rubanza rwasabiwe gusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, bityo umuburanyi ntiyasaba urukiko rw’ikirenga gusubiramo urubanza ku mpamvu z’akarengane, mu gihe ingingo avuga ko yarenganyijweho itigeze iburanwaho mu rukiko rwaciye urubanza asabira gusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane kuko byaba ari ukuva mu mbibi z’urubanza. 2. Icyemezo cy’Urukiko kirebana n’ikirego gisaba kubyutsa urubanza ntikijuririrwa, bityo umuburanyi wabyukije urubanza rwasibwe nyuma rukongera rugasibwa, ntiyavuga ko yarenganyijwe no kutakirirwa ubujurire, kuko niba kubyutsa urubanza ku nshuro ya kabiri bidashoboka bivuze ko no kujurira nabyo bidashoboka.

ikirego nta shingiro gifite. Amategeko yifashishijwe: Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 28/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza mbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, Ingingo ya 55. Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RS/ INJUST/ RC 00004/2019/SC; Mukamana vs Candali n’abandi rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’ikirenga ku wa 28/07/2020.

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Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Minani Jean d’Amour yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi arega Mukarusanga Florence, RDB na COGEBANQUE Ltd avuga ko Mukarusanga Florence, Umuhesha w’inkiko w’umwuga yagurishije mu cyamunara umutungo we ubaruye kuri UPI:4/05/03/01/1031 yari yaratanzeho ingwate ku mwenda yahawe na COGEBANQUE Ltd, mu buryo bunyuranije n’amategeko, kuko hatubahirijwe imihango ya cyamunara, ariko ko iyo cyamunara yaje kwemezwa n’Umwanditsi Mukuru muri RDB, maze asaba Urukiko gutesha agaciro iyo cyamunara, ikirego cye cyandikwa kuri RCOM 01999/2019/TC. [2] Ku munsi w’iburanisha ry'urwo rubanza Minani Jean d'Amour ntiyitabye, maze abaregwa basaba ko urubanza rusibwa. Ku wa 29/10/2019, Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwemeje ko urubanza RCOM 01999/2019/TC rusibwe, rutegeka Minani Jean d'Amour guha Mukarusanga Florence na COGEBANQUE Ltd 500.000 Frw y'igihembo cya Avoka kuri buri wese. [3] Ku wa 06/11/2019, Minani Jean d’Amour yatanze ikirego asaba kubyutsa urwo rubanza RCOM01999/2019/TC, avuga ko impamvu atitabye ku munsi w’iburanisha ari uko yari arwaye ndetse n’umwunganizi we yagiye mu nteko rusange y’Urugaga rw’Abavoka. Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi nyuma yo gusuzuma impamvu yatanze zatumye atitabira iburanisha, ku wa 19/12/2019 rwaciye urubanza RCOM 02342/2019/TC, rwemeza ko Minani Jean d'Amour atemerewe kubyutsa urubanza RCOM 01999/2019/TC, rumutegeka guha Mukarusanga Florence na COGEBANQUE Ltd 500.000 Frw y'igihembo cya Avoka kuri buri wese. [4] Minani Jean d'Amour yajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, arusaba gusuzuma niba ikirego cye kitaragombaga kwakirwa kigasuzumwa hashingiwe ku mpapuro z'uburwayi yahawe na muganga gakondo. [5] Mukarusanga Florence ashingiye ku ngingo ya 55 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubani, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, mu gika cyayo cya 4 n’icya 5 iteganya ko urubanza rwasibwe umuburanyi akarubyutsa rudashobora kongera kubyutswa ku nshuro ya kabiri mu gihe atitabye rugasibwa, naho igika cya 5 giteganya ko icyemezo gifashwe kitajuririrwa, asaba n'indishyi, yatanze inzitizi asaba Urukiko kutakira ubujurire bwa Minani Jean d'Amour. COGEBANQUE Plc ivuga ko yemeranwa n'ibivugwa na Mukarusanga Florence ko ubujurire bwa Minani Jean d’Amour budakwiye kwakirwa.

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[6] Ku wa 21/02/2020, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwaciye urubanza RCOMA 01034/2019/HCC, rwemeza ko ubujurire bwa MINANI Jean d'Amour butakiriwe, rumutegeka guha COGEBANQUE 500.000 Frw y’ibyo yakoresheje mu rubanza harimo n'igihembo cya Avoka no guha Mukarusanga Florence 300.000 Frw y’ibyo yakoresheje mu rubanza. [7] Minani Jean d'Amour yatakambiye Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, asaba ko urubanza RCOMA 01034/2019/HCC rusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, nyuma yo gusuzuma ubusabe bwe, Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire yandikiye Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga amusaba kwemeza ko urwo rubanza rusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, maze mu cyemezo cye Nº 099/CJ/2022, Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga yemeza ko urwo rubanza rusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, arwoherereza Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kugira ngo rube ari rwo ruzaruburanisha, ikirego cyandikwa kuri RS/INJUST/RCOM 00003/2022/CA. [8] Iburanisha mu ruhame ryabaye ku wa 08/05/2023, Minani Jean d'Amour yunganiwe na Me Ntuyenabo Jean de Dieu, Mukarusanga Florence yunganiwe na Me Nyangezi Bonane, COGEBANQUE Plc ihagarariwe na Me Kayitera Canisius, naho RDB ititabye, Urukiko rufata icyemezo ko urubanza ruburanishwa RDB idahari, ariko urubanza ruzacibwa rugafatwa nk’aho ababuranyi bose bari bahari, hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 57 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryibukijwe haruguru. Muri uru rubanza harasuzumwa ikibazo cyo kumenya niba Urukiko rwasuzuma ibijyanye no gutesha agaciro cyamunara n’icyo kumenya niba hari akarengane kari mu rubanza RCOMA 01034/2019/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 21/02/2020. IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYABYO

1. Kumenya niba Urukiko rwasuzuma ibijyanye no gutesha agaciro cyamunara no kumenya niba hari akarengane kari mu rubanza RCOMA 01034/2019/HCC [9] Minani Jean d'Amour n’umwunganira bavuga ko akarengane yagiriwe gashingiye ku kuba imihango ya cyamunara itarigeze yubahirizwa, no kuba atarahawe raporo ya cyamunara. Babajijwe impamvu bavuga ko akarengane kabo gashingiye ku kutubahiriza imihango ya cyamunara kandi urubanza basubirishijemo ku mpamvu z’akarengane rutaraburanishijwe mu mizi, basubiza ko iyo Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga yemeje ko urubanza rusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane ruburanishwa mu mizi. Bityo ko bashingiye ku ngingo ya 55 y’Itegeko rigena ububasha bw’inkiko basanga kuba Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga yaremeje ko uru rubanza rusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane nta mpamvu rutaburanishwa mu mizi. [10] Mukarusanga Florence n’umwunganira bavuga ko akarengane kagomba gusuzumirwa ku rubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwemeje ko urubanza rwasibwe rutajuririrwa.

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Ko rero mu karengane hatasuzumwa urubanza mu mizi kandi Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rutarasuzumye urubanza mu mizi, bityo ko nta karengane Minani Jean d'Amour yagiriwe. [11] Basobanura ko urubanza RCOM 01999/2019/TC rwasibwe kubera ko uwareze atitabye, akaza kurubyutsa mu rubanza RCOM 02342/2019/TC maze Urukiko rwemeza ko kubyutsa urubanza kutakiriwe, hanyuma arujuririra mu rubanza RCOMA 01034/2019/HCC, maze Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rushingiye ku kuba kubyutsa urubanza bitajuririrwa rwemeza ko ubujurire bwe butakiriwe. Ko kugeza uyu munsi urubanza rutigeze ruburanishwa mu mizi, ko rero akarengane ke kadashingiye mu mizi y’urubanza. Bityo ko ibyo Urukiko rukwiye gusuzuma ari ibirebana no kubyutsa urubanza kuko ari cyo inkiko zafasheho icyemezo. [12] Uhagarariye COGEBANQUE Plc avuga ko imiburanire ya Banki ari imwe n’iya Mukarusanga Florence. Ko icyo Urukiko rwasuzuma ari ukureba niba urubanza rwasibwe rutajuririrwa kuko aribyo Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwafasheho icyemezo. Asobanura ko kuva uru rubanza rwatangira mu Rukiko rw'Ubucuruzi rutigeze ruburanishwa mu mizi, ko rero ibyo MInani Jean d'Amour asaba Urukiko gusuzuma bidakwiye gusuzumwa kuko byaba ari ukwinjira mu mizi y'urubanza. Bityo ko asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kwemeza ko nta karengane yagiriwe. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [13] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba Urukiko rwasuzuma ibijyanye no gutesha agaciro cyamunara mu gihe bitaburanweho mu rubanza rubirishwamo kumpamvu z’akarengane, no kumenya niba hari akarengane kari mu rubanza RCOMA 01034/2019/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 21/02/2020.

a. Kumenya niba Urukiko rwasuzuma ibijyanye no gutesha agaciro cyamunara mu gihe bitaburanweho mu rubanza rubirishwamo kumpamvu z’akarengane [14] Nk’uko byagaragajwe haruguru, urubanza rusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane ni urubanza RCOMA 01034/2019/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 21/02/2020. Muri urwo rubanza ikibazo nyamukuru cyasuzumwe n’icyo kumenya niba inzitizi yo kutakira ubujurire bwa Minani Jean d'Amour yatanzwe na Mukarusanga Florence ifite ishingiro, hanyuma urwo Rukiko rwemeza ko ubujurire bwa Minani Jean d'Amour butakiriwe kuko icyemezo kitemerera umuburanyi kubyutsa urubanza kitajuririrwa. [15] Mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga zirimo urubanza RS/ INJUST/ RC 00004/2019/SC 1, muri izo manza Urukiko rwasobanuye ko kuba ingingo ya 63 y’ Itegeko 1 Ingero ni urubanza Nº RS/INJUST/RC 00024/2018/CS rwaciwe ku wa 21/02/2020, haburana NGIZWENINSHUTI Albert na MUHIMA Giovanni n‘urubanza Nº RS/INJUST/RC 00007/2018/SC rwaciwe ku wa

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nº 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko iteganya ko Urukiko rushyikirijwe urubanza rusabirwa gusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, rurusuzuma mu mizi bundi bushya abarubayemo ababuranyi bose bahamagajwe bitavuga ko umuburanyi yakwitwaza iyo nzira kugira ngo abe yazana ibirego bishya bitari mu murongo w’ibyaregewe urubanza rugishingwa ku rwego rwa mbere cyangwa ingingo zitasuzumwe mu rubanza rusabirwa gusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane kuko yaba avuye mu mbibi z’urwo rubanza, umuburanyi akaba atavuga ko yagize akarengane ku kibazo atigeze asaba Urukiko gusuzuma. [16] Urukiko rurasanga icyaburanwe kandi kigafatwaho icyemezo mu rubanza RCOMA 01034/2019/HCC rusubirishwamo mu mpamvu z’akarengane ari ikijyanye n’inzitizi yatanzwe na Mukarusanga Florence asaba Urukiko kutakira ubujurire bwa Minani Jean d'Amour kuko kubyutsa urubanza bitajuririrwa, hanyuma Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwemeza ko ubujurire bwe butakiriwe kuko icyemezo kitemerera umuburanyi kubyutsa urubanza kitajuririrwa. Urukiko rurasanga icyaburanweho muri urwo rubanza aricyo kigomba gusuzumirwamo akarengane nk’uko byemejwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu manza zavuzwe haruguru, aho zemeje ko ikitasuzumwe mu rubanza rubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane umuburanyi atavuga ko Urukiko rwakimurenganyijeho. [17] Urukiko rurasanga ibivugwa na Minani Jean d'Amour ko akarengane yagiriwe gashingiye ku kuba imihango ya cyamunara itarigeze yubahirizwa, no kuba atarahawe raporo ya cyamunara bitasuzumwa muri uru rubanza kuko bitigeze bisuzumwa mu rubanza RCOMA 01034/2019/HCC asubirishamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, kuko urwo rubanza icyo rwafasheho icyemezo gusa ari ikijyanye n’uko icyemezo kitemerera umuburanyi kubyutsa urubanza kitajuririrwa, bikaba rero bitumvikana uburyo Minani Jean d'Amour avuga ko yarenganyijwe n’uko imihango ya cyamunara itubahirijwe kandi bitarigeze bisuzumwa. [18] Ku byo avuga ko iyo Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga yemeje ko urubanza rusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane ruburanishwa mu mizi, Urukiko rurasanga nta shingiro bifite kuko nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru akarengane gasuzumirwa mu mbibi z’icyaburanweho mu rubanza rusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane kandi mu rubanza rwa Minani Jean d'Amour, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi nti rwigeze rusuzuma ibijyanye no gutesha agaciro cyamunara, bikaba rero byumvikana ko bitagomba gusuzumwa muri uru rubanza. Bityo icyo uru Rukiko rusuzuma muri uru rubanza ni ukumenya niba hari akarengane kari mu rubanza RCOMA 01034/2019/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi mu kutemerera Minani Jean d’Amour kujuririra icyemezo cyo kutakira ikirego cye kibyutsa urubanza rwari rwarasibwe kuko ari byo byaburanweho.

b. Kumenya niba hari akarengane kari mu rubanza RCOMA 13/03/2020, haburana NDITIRIBAMBE Samuel, GATERA Jason na NYAMASWA Faustin ndetse n’Urunbanza Nº RS/ INJUST/ RC 00004/2019/SC rwa HAVUGIMANA n’abandi na CANDALI rwaciwe ku wa 28/ 07/2020.

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01034/2019/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 21/02/2020 [19] Ingingo ya 55, igika cya 1, y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko iyo urubanza rwasibwe mu bitabo by’urukiko, mu rwego urwo ari rwo rwose, ku mpamvu z’ushaka kurubyutsa, icyo kibazo cye nticyakirwa atabanje kugaragaza impamvu idasanzwe kandi ikomeye yamubujije kuza kuruburana mbere. Mu gika cya 2, ivuga ko kurubyutsa bikorwa mu gihe cy’iminsi cumi n’itanu (15) kuva umunsi urubanza rwasibiweho. Mu gika cya 3 ivuga ko Urukiko rwaregewe ari rwo rufite ububasha bwo kubimwemerera iyo rusanze impamvu atanga zumvikana. Mu gika cya 4 igira iti : ibyo ari byo byose, ntabwo urubanza rwasibwe umuburanyi akarubyutsa rushobora kongera kubyutswa ku nshuro ya kabiri mu gihe atitabye rugasibwa. Naho mu gika cya 5 iteganya ibikurikira : Icyemezo rufashe ntikijuririrwa. [20] Urukiko rusesenguye ibikubiye mu ngingo imaze kuvugwa rusanga yumvikanisha ko urubanza rwasibwe rubyutswa gusa ari uko ushaka kurubyutsa agaragaje impamvu idasanzwe kandi ikomeye yamubujije kuza kuruburana mbere, bigakorwa mu minsi 15 kuva urubanza rusibwe. Yumvikanisha kandi ko Urukiko rwasibye urubanza ari rwo ruregerwa ibijyanye no kurubyutsa, ko iyo umuburanyi wabyukije urubanza atitabye rugasibwa rudashobora kongera kubyutswa ku nshuro ya kabiri, ko kandi icyemezo urwo Rukiko rwafashe kitajuririrwa. Urukiko rurasanga igika cya 5 giteganya ko icyemezo Urukiko rufashe kitajuririrwa cyumvikanisha ko icyemezo kitajuririrwa ari ikitemera kubyutsa urubanza rwasibwe, kuko nta kuntu umushingamategeko yari kuvuga ko icyemezo cyo gusiba urubanza rwabyukijwe kitajuririrwa kandi yateganyije ko rudashobora kongera kubyutswa bwa kabiri mu gihe uwarubyukije atitabye niba rero rutabyutswa birumvikana ko nta bujurire bwabaho, ahubwo icyemezo kitajuririrwa ni ikitemera kubyutsa urubanza. Mu yandi magambo igika cya 5 giteganya ko icyemezo Urukiko rufashe kitajuririrwa kijyanye n’ibikubiye mu gika cya 3 cy’iyi ngingo, ntabwo rero byashoboka ko kireba ibikubiye mu gika cya 4. [21] Ku birebana n’uru rubanza Minani Jean d'Amour yaregeye Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi arusaba gutesha agaciro cyamunara yakozwe hagurishwa ingwate ifite UPI : 4105/03/01/1031, ku munsi w’iburanisha ntiyitaba, urubanza RCOM 01999/2019/TC rurasibwa, hanyuma atanga ikirego cyo kurubyutsa gihabwa RCOM 02342/2019/TC, ku wa 19/12/2019, urwo Rukiko rwemeza ko MINANI Jean d'Amour atemerewe kubyutsa urubanza RCOM 01999/2019/TC. Minani Jean d'Amour ajuririra Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, maze mu rubanza RCOMA 01034/2019/HCC rwaciwe ku wa 21/02/2020, urwo Rukiko rwemeza ko ubujurire bwe butakiriwe kuko urubanza ajuririra rutajuririrwa. [22] Nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru, kutemererwa kubyutsa urubanza rwasibwe ntabwo bijuririrwa, kuba rero Minani Jean d'Amour yarajuririye icyemezo cy’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi cyamwangiye kubyutsa urubanza RCOM 01999/2019/TC, hanyuma Urukiko Rukuru

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rw’Ubucuruzi rukemeza ko ubujurire butakiriwe kuko icyo cyemezo kitajuririrwa, Urukiko rurasanga Minani Jean d'Amour atararenganyijwe n’urwo rubanza, bityo ikirego cye cyo gusubirishamo urubanza RCOMA 01034/2019/HCC ku mpamvu z’akarengane nta shingiro gifite.

2. Kumenya niba amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka asabwa muri uru rubanza afite ishingiro [23] Minani Jean d'Amour n’umwunganira basaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka Mukarusanga Florence kumuha indishyi z’akababaro zingana na 10.000.000 Frw, kubera amakosa yakoze nk’Umuhesha w’inkiko yo kutubahiriza imihango ya cyamunara, akagurisha umutungo w’umuryango we muri cyamunara mu buryo bunyuranije n'amategeko. Asaba kandi Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka COGEBANQUE Plc kumuha indishyi zingana 8.000.000 Frw kubera amakosa yakoze yo kwanga kumwongerera igihe cyo kwishyura inguzanyo nk’umukiliya wishyuraga neza, kuko yaje kubinanirwa kubera ingorane yahuye na zo, no gutegeka RDB kumuha indishyi zingana na 5.000.000 Frw, kubera uruhare yagize rwo gutanga uburenganzira bwo kugurisha umutungo we hatubahirijwe amategeko, igashyigikira amakosa y’umuhesha w'inkiko. Anarusaba gutegeka abaregwa bose gufatanya kumwishyura 3.000.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka no kumusubiza 80.000 Frw y’ingwate y'amagarama yatanze arega. [24] Uhagarariye Mukarusanga Florence n’umwunganira biregura ku ndishyi z’akababaro Minani Jean d’Amour asaba avuga ko nta shingiro zifite, kuko ikibazo cy’indishyi kitigeze gisuzumwa mu rubanza RCOMA 01034/2019/HCC asubirishamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, cyane ko Urukiko rutaburanishije urubanza mu mizi, ngo haburanwe ibirebana n’imihango ya cyamunara avuga ko itubahirijwe, ko Urukiko rukwiye kubanza gusuzuma gusa ibirebana n’akarengane ko kuba Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rutarakiriye ikirego cye cyasabaga kubyutsa urubanza. [25] Bavuga kandi ko basaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka Minani Jean d’Amour guha Mukarusanga Florence indishyi zingana na 5.000.000 Frw kubera gukomeza kwangiza isura ye, avuga ko yakoze cyamunara mu ibanga rikomeye agamije guhombya umutungo we n’izindi nyungu yakuyemo ku giti cye. Ko ibyo ari ugusebanya kuko ibirebana no kugurisha mu cyamunara atari gupfa kubikora uko yiboneye cyangwa uko we abishaka, kuko Umwanditsi Mukuru ari we utanga izo nshingano ndetse akaba ari na we ushyikirizwa raporo ya cyamunara, kugira ngo mbere yo kuyemeza abanze asuzume ko ikurikije amategeko, rero ko ibyo avuga ntaho abikura cyane ko nta n’ahandi hantu bari basanzwe baziranye cyangwa ngo babe bafite icyo bapfa. Ko kandi bidakwiye gukoresha imvugo zisesereza, zisebanya, ariko ko Minani Jean d’Amour we yabigize akamenyero, aho yanandikishije iyo nyandiko (article) y’ibya cyamunara asebya Mukarusanga Florence mu Kinyamakuru cyitwa “Umuseke”, akaba n’ubu akomeje kumwibasira akoresha imvugo nk’izi mu Rukiko.

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[26] Uhagarariye COGEBANQUE Plc yiregura avuga ko ibyo Minani Jean d’Amour asaba nta shingiro byahabwa, ko ahubwo kubera gukomeza gushora COGEBANQUE Plc mu manza z’amaherere kandi akiyiberemo umwenda nk’uko abyiyemerera muri uru rubanza, indishyi zose asaba ari we ukwiye kuziha iyi Banki, akanayiha 1.000.000Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [27] Ku birebana n’amafaranga y’ibyagiye ku rubanza, ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 28/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza mbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ibikurikira : Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe. [28] Urukiko rurasanga amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka COGEBANQUE Plc isaba muri uru rubanza afite ishingiro, kuko uru rubanza rwatumye ishaka Avoka uyiburanira, ariko ayo isaba ni menshi hakurikijwe ibyakozwe mu rubanza, mu bushishozi bwarwo ruyigeneye 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka. Naho ayo Minani Jean d'Amour asaba nta shingiro afite kuko ikirego cye nta shingiro cyahawe. [29] Ku birebana n‘indishyi Minani Jean d’Amour, COGEBANQUE Plc na Mukarusanga Florence basaba, Urukiko rurasanga zitasuzumirwa muri uru rubanza kuko zitaregewe mu rubanza rusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane. ICYEMEZO CY ‘URUKIKO [30] Rwemeje ko ikirego cyatanzwe na Minani Jean d'Amour cyo gusubirishamo ku mpamvu z'akarengane urubanza RCOMA 01034/2019/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 21/02/2020, nta shingiro gifite. [31] Rutegetse Minani Jean d'Amour kwishyura COGEBANQUE Plc amafaranga ibihumbi magana atanu (500.000 Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka.