MUA INSURANCE RWANDA Ltd v. VILLAGE HEALTH WORKS (VHW) N’ UNDI

# MUA INSURANCE RWANDA Ltd v. VILLAGE HEALTH WORKS (VHW) N’ UNDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2022-11-30 - Case/document no.: RCOMAA 00007/2022/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

## Text

## Page 1

MUA INSURANCE RWANDA Ltd v. VILLAGE HEALTH WORKS (VHW) N’ UNDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW UBUJURIRE – RCOMAA 00007/2022/CA (Munyangeri, P.J.,) 30 Ugushyingo 2022] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’ imanza z’ ubucuruzi – Inzitizi – Ingwate itangwa n’ abanyamahanga – Sosiyete y inyamahanga iri mu gihugu kigize umunyamuryango w’Umuryango w’Ibihugu bya Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (EAC) isonewe gutanga ingwate itangwa n’abanyamahanga – Inzitizi irebana n’ ingwate itangwa n’abanyamahanga yakirwa mu rukiko iyo bigaragara ko itanzwe gusa ubwa mbere mu bujurire – Itegeko N°22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 91 niya 92. Incamake y’ ikibazo: Sosiyete Village Health Works (VHW) yagiranye na sosiyete ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd amasezerano yo kubaka ibitaro by’abagore mu gihugu cy’u Burundi. Village Health Works (VHW) isobanura ko yahaye Roko Construction avansi yo gutangira imirimo, ariko ibanje kuyisaba ubwishingizi (advance bond), no kuyigaragariza ubwishingizi bwo kurangiza imirimo neza (performance bond). ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd yumvikanye na sosiyete y ubwishingizi MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd kugira ngo iyihe ubwo bwishingizi (bond), irabyemera, maze itanga 1.954.949 US Dollars y’ubwishingizi bwo gutangira imirimo (advanced bond) na 977.474 US Dollars y’ubwishingizi bwo kurangiza imirimo neza (performance bond), kandi ko izo bond zombi yagombaga kuzishyura ari uko Village Health Works (VHW) imaze kuyigaragariza ko ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd itakoze inshingano zayo zo gushyira mu bikorwa amasezerano yo kubaka ibitaro. Village Health Works (VHW) yareze MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, irusaba kuyitegeka kubahiriza amasezerano y’ubwishingizi ikishyurwa. MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd yasabye ko ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd na Mark Walter Koehler zigobokeshwa ku gahato muri urwo rubanza nk’abishingizi ba avansi zatanzwe, kugira ngo mu gihe yaba itsinze abe ari bo bazayishyura, isaba na none Urukiko gutegeka Village Health Works (VHW) gutanga ingwate itangwa n’abanyamahanga. ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd na yo yatanze inzitizi, igaragaza ko iki kirego kigomba kuburanishwa n’ubukemurampaka, bityo ko Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rudafite ububasha bwo kuruburanisha kuko ikibazo ifitanye na Village Health Works (VHW) gishingiye ku kuba nta “final account” ku bikorwa by’inyubako y’ibitaro. MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd ivuga ko ikirego cya Village Health Works (VHW) nta shingiro kigomba guhabwa, kubera ko habayeho uburiganya mu kubona bonds zombi, bujyanye no kuba itaramenyeshejwe.

## Page 2

Village Health Works (VHW) yasheshe amasezerano yari ifitanye na ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd, ivuga ko nyuma yo kubona ubwishingizi bushya (bonds) yishe amasezerano ikoresha avansi ibyo itari igenewe. Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwemeje ko inzitizi zatanzwe nta shingiro zifite, bityo ko advance bond ifite agaciro gahwanye na 1.954.949 US Dollar na “Performance bond” ifite agaciro ka 977.474 US Dollar ziteshejwe agaciro. Village Health Works (VHW) yajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, ivuga ko Urukiko rubanza rutategetse ko amasezerano y’ubwishingizi yabaye hagati yayo na MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd yubahirizwa.

Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwasuzumye ibibazo bijyanye no kumenya niba bonds nº KIG17APB 000025/E2 na “Performance bond” Nº KIG17PB 000166/E2 zitaragombaga guteshwa agaciro, runasuzuma niba hari indishyi zatangwa. Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Village Health Works (VHW) bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe, bityo ko imikirize y’urubanza RCOM 00760/2020/TC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ihindutse. MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd yajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire ivuga ko mu Nkiko zabanje yasabye ko mbere y’iburanisha, Village Health Works nka sosiyete ifite ubuzimagatozi, ikagira n’ubwenegihugu bwa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za America (USA), bufite nº 45-054535 n’icyicaro gikuru muri Leta ya New York, itanga ingwate isabwa ku banyamahanga, Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwanga kwakira iyo nzitizi ruvuga ko yatanzwe impitagihe, ko yongeye kubisaba ku rwego rw’ubujurire, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwo rukavuga ko isonewe iyo ngwate, kuko ifite ubwenegihugu bw’igihugu cy’Uburundi, bityo ko Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwakosora ayo makosa, rugategeka Village Health Works gutanga iyo ngwate itangwa n'abanyamahanga ingana na 200.000 US Dollars ikazavamo indishyi mu gihe yaba itsinzwe kubera ko nta mutungo utimukanwa ifite ushobora kuvamo ubwishyu. Sosiyete Village Health Works yiregura ivuga ko ingwate isabwa abanyamahanga isabwa n’uregwa, bityo ko kuba aregwa mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd itagomba gusaba ko iyo ngwate itangwa kandi irega. Sosiyete y ubwishingizi MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd ivuga ko isanga umucamanza yaraciriye urubanza ku kitararegewe, ivuga kandi ko sosiyete ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd yari yasabye “extension” itanga impamvu zitari zo, ikaba ivuga ko yibaza niba bishoboka ko hishingirwa imirimo itagihari, kuko nta cyo kwishingira cyariho. Incamake y icyemezo: Sosiyete y’ inyamahanga iri mu gihugu kigize umunyamuryango w’Umuryango w’Ibihugu bya Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (EAC) isonewe gutanga ingwate itangwa n’abanyamahanga. Inzitizi irebana n ingwate itangwa n’abanyamahanga yakirwa mu rukiko iyo bigaragara ko itanzwe gusa ubwa mbere mu bujurire.

## Page 3

Ubujurire nta shingiro. Amagarama ahwanye n’ ibyakozwe mu rubanza. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N°22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 91 niya 92. Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RCOMAA 00037/2019/CA rwaciwe ku wa 13/12/2019 hagati ya SORAS AG Ltd na NAEB. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA

[1] Ku wa 06/09/2016, Village Health Works (VHW) yagiranye na ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd amasezerano yo kubaka ibitaro by’abagore ahitwa Kigutu mu gihugu cy’u Burundi. Village Health Works (VHW) isobanura ko yahaye Roko Construction avansi yo gutangira imirimo, ariko ibanje kuyisaba ubwishingizi (advance bond), no kuyigaragariza ubwishingizi bwo kurangiza imirimo neza (performance bond). ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd yumvikanye na MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd kugira ngo iyihe ubwo bwishingizi (bond). Ku wa 04/12/2019, MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd yemeye gutanga 1.954.949 US Dollars y’ubwishingizi bwo gutangira imirimo (advanced bond) na 977.474 US Dollars y’ubwishingizi bwo kurangiza imirimo neza (performance bond), kandi ko izo bond zombi yagombaga kuzishyura ari uko Village Health Works (VHW) imaze kuyigaragariza ko ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd itakoze inshingano zayo zo gushyira mu bikorwa amasezerano yo kubaka ibitaro byavuzwe haruguru.

[2] Village Health Works (VHW) ivuga ko ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd itashoboye kubahiriza amasezerano bagiranye, kuko yakoresheje avansi yari yahawe mu bindi bikorwa bitajyanye n’icyo yari igenewe, ibyo bituma imirimo yo kubaka ibyo bitaro idindira. Ku wa 02/03/2020, Village Health Works (VHW) yandikiye MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd, iyimenyesha ko ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd itubahirije inshingano zayo nk’uko zikubiye mu masezerano zagiranye, inasaba kwishyurwa, ku wa 09/03/2020, MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd iyisubiza ko igomba kugaragaza ko ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd itubahirije amasezerano bagiranye.

## Page 4

[3] Village Health Works (VHW) yareze MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, irusaba kuyitegeka kubahiriza amasezerano y’ubwishingizi ikishyurwa. MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd yasabye ko ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd na Mark Walter Koehler zigobokeshwa ku gahato muri urwo rubanza nk’abishingizi ba avansi zavuzwe haruguru, kugira ngo mu gihe yaba itsinze abe ari bo bazayishyura, isaba na none Urukiko gutegeka Village Health Works (VHW) gutanga ingwate itangwa n’abanyamahanga. ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd na yo yatanze inzitizi, igaragaza ko iki kirego kigomba kuburanishwa n’ubukemurampaka, ko Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rudafite ububasha bwo kuruburanisha kuko ikibazo ifitanye na Village Health Works (VHW) gishingiye ku kuba nta “final account” ku bikorwa by’inyubako y’ibitaro.

[4] MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd ivuga ko ikirego cya Village Health Works (VHW) nta shingiro kigomba guhabwa, kubera ko habayeho uburiganya mu kubona bonds zombi, bujyanye no kuba itaramenyeshejwe ko ku wa 20/11/2019, Village Health Works (VHW) yasheshe amasezerano yari ifitanye na ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd, kuba Village Health Works (VHW) nyuma yo kubona ubwishingizi bushya (bonds) yarasabye ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd inyandiko yo kwemera ko yishe amasezerano ikoresha avansi ibyo itari igenewe, mu rwego rwo gushaka ikimenyetso izashingiraho isaba MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd kuyishyura agaciro k’ubwishingizi kangana na 2.932.423 US Dollar, no kuba yararegeye amafaranga ari kuri za bonds kandi izi neza ko yahawe bond imaze guha ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd avansi ihwanye na 802.526,98 US Dollar, inayemerera ko hari 602.974 US Dollar yishubije, ndetse ko ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd yanahaye sous contractant CSI 682.457,5 US Dollar, amafaranga yose hamwe Village Health Works (VHW) yishubije akaba angana na 1.303.432 US Dollar. Ivuga kandi ko ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd yakoresheje neza avansi yahawe na Village Health Works (VHW) kuva ku wa 11/11/2016 kugeza ku wa 05/06/2017, kuko iyo iza kuyikoresha nabi itari kuyiha indi avansi.

[5] Mu rubanza RCOM 00760/2020/TC rwaciwe ku wa 04/12/2020, Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwemeje ko inzitizi zatanzwe nta shingiro zifite, ko advance bond ifite agaciro gahwanye na 1.954.949 US Dollar na “Performance bond” ifite agaciro ka 977.474 US Dollar zo ku wa 04/12/2019 ziteshejwe agaciro, rutegeka Village Health Works (VHW) kwishyura MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd 2.000.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka wayiburaniye, na 400.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza, abandi baburanyi ntibagenerwa indishyi.

[6] Village Health Works (VHW) yajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, iyijuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, ivuga ko Urukiko rubanza rutategetse ko amasezerano y’ubwishingizi yabaye hagati yayo na MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd yubahirizwa, kuba rutarategetse MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd kuyishyura bonds no kuyiha indishyi.

[7] Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwasuzumye ibibazo bijyanye no kumenya niba bonds nº KIG17APB 000025/E2 na “Performance bond” nº KIG17PB 000166/E2 zitaragombaga

## Page 5

guteshwa agaciro, MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd igategekwa kwishyura 1.954.949 US Dollar agaragara muri bond nº KIG17APB 000025/E2, no kwishyura 977,474 US Dollar agaragara muri “performance bond” ifite nº KIG17PB 000166/E2, runasuzuma niba hari indishyi zatangwa.

[8] Mu rubanza RCOMA 00011/2021/HCC rwaciwe ku wa 22/10/2021, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Village Health Works (VHW) bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe, ko imikirize y’urubanza RCOM 00760/2020/TC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 04/12/2020 ihindutse, rutegeka MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd kwishyura Village Health Works (VHW) 1.333.974,47 US Dollar aturuka kuri advance bond nº KIG17APB 000025/E2, 977.474 US Dollar aturuka kuri “performance bond” nº KIG17PB 000166/E2, 1.560.000 Frw akubiyemo 300.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza, 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka ku rwego rwa mbere, 20.000 Frw y’ingwate y’amagarama ku rwego rwa mbere, 200.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza ku rwego rw’ubujurire, 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka ku rwego rw’ubujurire na 40.000 Frw y’ingwate y’amagarama ku rwego rw’ubujurire.

[9] Ku wa 19/11/2021, MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd yajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, ubujurire bwayo bwandikwa kuri RCOMAA 00007/2022/CA, ivuga ko inenga kuba Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwaremeje ko “bonds” zo ku wa 04/12/2019 ari inyongera kuri “bonds” zo ku wa 21/06/2017, kuba rwaremeje ko “bonds” zishyurwa rwirengagije ibimenyetso bihamya ko hagati ya Village Health Works na ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd habayeho uburiganya, kuba rwarategetse kwishyura igiciro kigaragara kuri “bonds” cyose kandi hari avansi zitandukanye zatanzwe, no kuba yaraciwe indishyi nyamara hari ibyo Village Health Works na yo yatsindiwe.

[10] Urubanza rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame ku wa 07/11/2022, MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd ihagarariwe na Me Bizumuremyi Isaac, Village Health Works ihagarariwe na Me Bizimana Emmanuel afatanyije na Me Kabera Jean Claude, ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd ihagarariwe na Me Niyitegeka Epaphrodite.

II. IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYABYO

A. UBUJURIRE BWATANZWE NA MUA INSURANCE (RWANDA) Ltd

1. Kumenya niba ubujurire bwatanzwe na MUA INSURANCE RWANDA Ltd ku ngingo irebana n’inzitizi y’ingwate itangwa n’abanyamahanga bwakwakirwa

## Page 6

[11] Me Bizumuremyi Isaac uhagarariye MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd avuga ko mu Nkiko zabanje, uwo ahagarariye yasabye ko mbere y’iburanisha, Village Health Works nka sosiyete ifite ubuzimagatozi, ikagira n’ubwenegihugu bwa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za America (USA), bufite nº 45-054535 n’icyicaro gikuru muri Leta ya New York, itanga ingwate isabwa ku banyamahanga, Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwanga kwakira iyo nzitizi ruvuga ko yatanzwe impitagihe, ko yongeye kubisaba ku rwego rw’ubujurire, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwo rukavuga ko isonewe iyo ngwate, kuko ifite ubwenegihugu bw’igihugu cy’Uburundi.

[12] Asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gukosora ayo makosa, rugategeka Village Health Works gutanga iyo ngwate itangwa n'abanyamahanga ingana na 200.000 US Dollars izavamo indishyi mu gihe yaba itsinzwe, kubera ko nta mutungo utimukanwa ifite ushobora kuvamo ubwishyu. Avuga ko iyi nzitizi yari yayiretse mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi bitewe n’uko umucamanza waburanishaga urubanza rujuririrwa ari na we wari wafashe icyemezo ku bujurire bw’icyemezo cy’ubwanditsi bw’Urukiko cyari cyayifatiweho, uwo mucamanza abaza niba yaburanisha urwo rubanza kandi yararufashemo icyo cyemezo, ababuranyi bumvikana ko aruburanisha mu rwego rwo kwihutisha imiburanishirize yarwo, ko rero mu uwo ahagarariye ataretse iyi nzitizi kuko n’itegeko ritabuza ko yatangirwa no mu bujurire. [13] Me Bizimana Emmanuel uhagarariye Village Health Works avuga ko ingwate isabwa abanyamahanga isabwa n’uregwa, ko kuba uwo ahagarariye aregwa mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd itagomba gusaba ko iyo ngwate itangwa kandi irega kandi ko asanga urega adashobora kwizitira kuko mu gihe Village Health Works yaba itishyuye iyo ngwate itangwa n’abanyamahanga ikavanwa mu rubanza, hagumaho imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe kandi yatsinze, bikaba byagira ingaruka kuri MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd yategetswe kugira ibyo yubahiriza.

[14] Me Bizimana Emmanuel akomeza avuga ko umwanditsi w’uru Rukiko wayoboye inama ntegurarubanza, yafashe icyemezo cyo kutakira ubujurire bwa MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd kuri iyi nzitizi, ntiyakijuririra kwa Perezida w’Urukiko, ko rero kuba itarakijuririye, byumvikanisha ko yemeye icyemezo cy’umwanditsi.

[15] Me Kabera Jean Claude avuga ko mu gihe cy’iburanisha mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd yavuze ko iretse inzitizi irebana n’ingwate itangwa n’abanyamahanga, ko rero itahindukira mu bujurire bwa kabiri, ngo isabe ibyo yamaze kwiyambura.

[16] Me Niyitegeka Epaphrodite uhagarariye ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd, avuga ko kuba Village Health Works iregwa muri ubu bujurire bwa kabiri, bitayikuriraho ko yategekwa gutanga iyo ngwate, bityo ko Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rukwiye gukosora iyo nenge yakozwe n’Inkiko zabanje, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 91 y’itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi.

## Page 7

Uko Urukiko rubibona

[17] Ingingo ya 91 y’itegeko N°22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko “Usibye igihe baregera ibyabo bavukijwe kandi babifitiye ibimenyetso, umunyamahanga wese uretse uwo mu bihugu by’Umuryango w’Afurika y’Iburasirazuba, ureze bwa mbere cyangwa ugobotse mu rubanza, bisabwe n’uregwa, mbere y’iyindi nzitizi mu rubanza, agomba gutanga amafaranga y’ingwate ashobora kuvamo amagarama n’indishyi z’akababaro ashobora gucibwa, uretse igihe haba hariho amasezerano ibihugu by’amahanga byaba byaragiranye n’u Rwanda asonera abaturage babyo ingwate. Uregwa ashobora gusaba kandi ko ingwate itangwa bwa mbere mu rwego rw’ubujurire. Umunyamahanga uregwa asonerwa gutanga ingwate mu mafaranga, iyo yatanze ingwate y’umutungo utimukanwa afite mu Rwanda ushobora kuvamo ingwate isabwa”.

[18] Ingingo ya 92, igika cya gatatu y’itegeko rimaze kuvugwa iteganya ko” Umuburanyi utishimiye icyemezo cy’umwanditsi ku ngwate itangwa n’abanyamahanga ashobora kukijuririra mu gihe kitarenze amasaha mirongo ine n’umunani (48) kwa Perezida w’Urukiko, akagifataho icyemezo mu rwego rw’ubuyobozi. Ubwo bujurire butuma inama ntegurarubanza iba isubitswe kugeza igihe icyemezo gifatiwe”. Ingingo ya 156, igika cya kabiri y’iryo tegeko iteganya ko” Urukiko rufata icyemezo ku ngingo zatumye uwatanze ubujurire cyangwa uwabwuririyeho na we akajurira”.

[19] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza ko mu rubanza RCOMA 00011/2021/HCC, umwanditsi w’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, yafashe icyemezo ku wa 04/05/2021, cyemeza ko Village Health Works idategekwa gutanga ingwate itangwa n’abanyamahanga, akaba yaragifashe ashingiye ku kuba Village Health Villages ifite ubwenegihugu bw’Uburundi kandi icyo gihugu kikaba ari umunyamuryango w’Umuryango w’Ibihugu bya Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (EAC). Ababuranyi bemeranya ko iki cyemezo cy’umwanditsi w’Urukiko, MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd yakijuririye kwa Perezida w’urwo Rukiko, ubwo bujurire ntibwahabwa ishingiro.

[20] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza kandi ko mu iburanisha ry’urubanza RCOMA 00011/2021/HCC ryo ku wa 23/09/2021, umucamanza waburanishaga uru rubanza yabajije ababuranyi niba bumva batekanye ku buryo yababuranisha kandi ari we wafashe icyemezo ku bujurire bw’icyemezo ku nzitizi y’ingwate itangwa n’abanyamahanga cyari cyafashwe n’umwanditsi warwo, Avoka wari uhagarariye Village Health Works asubiza ko nta kibazo afite, na ho Avoka wari uhagarariye MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd, asubiza ko iyo nzitizi ayiretse.

[21] Mu nama ntegurarubanza y’urubanza RCOMAA 00007/2022/CA, umwanditsi w’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire wayiyoboye ku wa 01/09/2022, ashingiye ku ngingo ya 92 y’itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi ryavuzwe haruguru, yemeje ko Village Health Works itagomba gutegekwa gutanga ingwate itangwa n’abanyamahanga, kubera ko MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd yaretse iyo

## Page 8

nzitizi ku rwego rw’ubujurire bwa mbere, uwo mwanditsi akaba yaragaragaje muri icyo cyemezo, ko nta muburanyi ukijuririye.

[22] Urukiko rurasanga ibivugwa n’uhagarariye MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd ko yaretse inzitizi y’ingwate itangwa n’abanyamahanga mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi mu rwego rwo kwihutisha urubanza nta shingiro byahabwa kandi ko bidakuraho ko yaretse iyo nzitizi nyine, akaba atayigarura mu bujurire bwa kabiri, mu gihe yayiretse nta gahato ashyizweho na cyane ko niba ari mu bujurire, agomba kugaragaza icyo anenga ku cyemezo cyayifatiwe mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi kandi urwo Rukiko rukaba nta cyemezo rwayifasheho kuko nyine yari yaretse iyo nzitizi.

[23] Urukiko rurasanga kandi ibivugwa n’uhagarariye MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd ko bitabujijwe ko iyo nzitizi itangirwa ku rwego rw’iubujurire na byo nta shingiro bigomba guhabwa, kuko nk’uko byagaragajwe mu bika bibanza, itegeko riteganya ko iyo nzitizi ishobora gutangwa bwa mbere mu bujurire, ikigaragara rero, iyi nzitizi nta bwo yaba igiye gutangirwa bwa mbere mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, ahubwo bigaragara ko yatangiwe bwa mbere mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd igeze mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi irayireka, ikaba idakwiye kongera kuyitanga muri uru Rukiko kuko atari ubwa mbere yaba itanzwe.

[24] Urukiko rurasanga kandi kuba MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd itarajuririye kwa Perezida w’uru Rukiko icyemezo cyafashwe n’umwanditsi warwo ku wa 01/09/2022 ku nzitizi y’ingwate itangwa n’amahanga nk’uko biteganywa n’amategeko, hari inzira y’imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi yirengagije, ikaba itagarura iyo nzitizi imbere y’Urukiko, kuko nyine mu gihe itajuririye icyo cyemezo, byumvikanisha ko yemeye ibigikubiyemo. Rukaba rusanga yagombye kugarura iyo nzitizi imbere y’inteko iburanisha urubanza, avuga ku cyo yaba atarishimiye mu cyemezo cyafashwe na Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku bujurire bw’icyemezo kuri iyo nzitizi.

[25] Hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’ingingo z’itegeko zagaragajwe ndetse no ku bisobanuro bitanzwe, Urukiko rurasanga ubujurire bwatanzwe na MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd ku ngingo irebana n’inzitizi y’ingwate itangwa n’abanyamahanga, butagomba kwakirwa.

2. Kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwaraciriye urubanza ku kitararegewe

[26] Me Bizumuremyi Isaac avuga ko Village Health Works yatanze ikirego isaba kwishyurwa ubwishingizi bwo ku wa 04/12/2019, inagaragaza numero zazo (advance bond na performance bond), nyamara umucamanza w’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi afata ubwo ku wa 21/06/2017 abuhuza n’ubwo ku wa 04/12/2019, avuga ko ubwo ku wa 04/12/2019 bwongeraga ubwo ku wa 21/06/2017 nyamara mu myanzuro yayo, Village Health Works nta ho ivuga ubwishingizi bwo muri 2017, akaba asanga umucamanza yaraciriye urubanza ku kitararegewe.

## Page 9

[27] Me Bizimana Emmanuel avuga ko mu gika cya 61 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, harimo “bonds” zigomba kwishyurwa, asaba uru Rukiko kuzasuzuma niba “bonds” zigomba kwishyurwa atari zo zaregewe kandi ko kuva mu gika cya 34 kugeza ku cya 38, umucamanza yatanze igisubizo ku kibazo cyari kibajijwe “bonds” zishyujwe mu gihe zari zishingiwe.

Uko Urukiko rubibona

[28] Ingingo ya 10 y’itegeko N˚ 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko “Umucamanza aca urubanza ku cyasabwe cyose kandi kuri icyo cyonyine”. Na ho ingingo ya 156 y’iryo tegeko iteganya ko” Urukiko rwajuririwe ruburanisha gusa ubujurire mu mbibi z’icyajuririwe. Rufata icyemezo ku ngingo zatumye uwatanze ubujurire ajurira cyangwa uwabwuririyeho na we akajurira”.

[29] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza ko mu gutanga ikirego mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, Village Health Works yasabaga MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd kuyishyura 1,954,949 USD ya avansi yo gutangira imirimo (advance bond) na 977,474 USD yo kurangiza imirimo neza (performance bond). [30] Bigaragara ko mu bibazo byasuzumwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, harimo icyo kumenya niba advance bond na performance bond zo ku wa 04/12/2019 zigomba guteshwa agaciro cyangwa niba zahabwa agaciro ku buryo MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd yazishyura, rufata icyemezo cyo kuzitesha agaciro, bityo ko MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd itagomba kuzishyura.

[31] Mu bibazo byasuzumwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, harimo icyo kumenya niba bond n˚ KIG 17 APB 000025/E2 na Performance bond n˚ KIG PB 000166/E2 zitaragombaga guteshwa agaciro, rwanzura ko zigomba ugumana agaciro kazo zikaba zigomba kwishyurwa.

[32] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga hakurikijwe ikibazo cyasuzumwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ari na cyo cyasuzumwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku rwego rw’ubujurire, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rutaraciriye urubanza ku kitararegewe kuko ikibazo kibajijwe cyari kigamije kugera ku mwanzuro wo kumenya niba bonds Village Health Works yaregeraga ikwiye kuzishyurwa cyangwa kutazishyurwa. Bityo, iyi ngingo y’ubujurire ya MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd, ikba nta shingiro ifite.

3. Kumenya niba ubwishingizi (bond) bwo ku wa 04/12/2019 bwarongereraga igihe ubwo ku wa 21/06/2017

## Page 10

[33] Me Bizumuremyi Isaac avuga ko Village Health Works yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi nyuma y’amabaruwa abiri yandikiye MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd ku wa 02/03/2020 isaba kwishyurwa ubwishingizi (guarantees) bwombi, aho yavuze ko yishyuza guarantees zifite n°KIG17APB 000025/E2 na n˚ KIG17PB 000166/E2 zatanzwe ku wa 04/12/2019, ko iyo izo guarantee ziza kuba zarongerewe igihe cy’izo ku wa 21/06/2017 nk’uko byavuzwe mu bika bya 34 - 38 by’urubanza rujuririrwa, byajyaga kuba byaravuzwe neza muri izo bonds zo ku wa 04/12/2019, ariko ko nta hantu na hamwe usangamo ko zongerera igihe izo ku wa 21/06/2017 (no reference made to the bonds issued on 21/06/2017), ko iyo biba kongerera igihe bonds za mbere, MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd itari gutanga izindi zifite nimero zitandukanye na nimero zo kuri bonds zatanzwe ku wa 21/06/2017, ahubwo yari kwandika ibaruwa gusa, ivuga ko bonds zo ku wa 21/06/2017 zongerewe igihe cyo kugeza ku wa 26/03/2020 cyangwa ikavuga ko zongera igihe cy’iza mbere kugeza ku itariki runaka, ko icyo anenga ari uko Urukiko rwemeje ko habayeho kongera igihe cy’izo ku wa 21/06/2017 kandi nta byabayeho. [34] Akomeza avuga ko hari ubutumwa MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd yandikiye ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd ibaza impamvu ishaka “extension” inayimenyesha ko niba ishaka “extension” igomba kugarura inyandiko z’umwimerere (originals) z’ubwishingizi bwa mbere kubera ko iza mbere zari zigifite agaciro kandi bidashoboka ko habaho ubwishingizi bubiri bushingiye ku kintu kimwe, mu gusubiza, ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd ivuga ko imirimo yiyongereye, bituma umubare uzamuka, kandi ko kuba imirimo yariyongereye n’igihe kiyongereye.

[35] Avuga kandi ko ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd yatangiye isaba “extension”, birangira itabaye “extension” y’ubwishingizi bwa mbere, ahubwo hatanzwe ubwishingizi bushyashya, kubera ko Village Health Works yanze gutanga imyimerere ya “bonds” zari zatanzwe mbere, ko ikigaragaza ko yahawe inshyashya ari uko yayitangiye “premium” (prime d’assurance) ingana n’igihe cy’amezi cumi n’atanu (15) kandi ko “conditions” ziri mu masezerano y’ubwishingizi bwo ku wa 04/12/2019, zitandukanye n’izikubiye mu masezerano y’ubwishingizi bwo ku wa 21/06/2017, harimo: -Condition ya mbere: muri “Bonds” zo ku wa 21/06/2017 harimo condition y’uko Village Health Works yagombaga gutanga ibimenyetso by’uko ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd yishe amasezerano, ariko izatanzwe ku wa 04/12/2019 zikaba zarakuwemo iyo conditions; -Condition ya kabiri: kuri “advance bond” yo ku wa 21/06/2017 nta “expiration date” yariho, bitandukanye n’iyatanzwe ku wa 04/12/2019 yo ifite “date expiration date” ya 26/03/2020; -Condition ya gatatu: havugwa ko “bonds” zo ku wa 04/12/2019 zasimbuye izo ku wa 21/06/2017, kandi ku wa 04/12/2019 “performance bond” yari igifite agaciro kugeza ku wa 26/12/2019, bivuze ko iyo biba ari “extension” y’igihe, yari guhera ku wa 27/12/2019 kuko “extension” itangira igihe agaciro k’iya mbere karangirira. [36] Me Bizumuremyi Isaac avuga kandi ko ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd yari yasabye “extension” itanga impamvu zitari zo, akaba asanga iyo umucamanza aza kubisuzuma neza, yari

## Page 11

kubona ko ubwishingizi bwo ku wa 04/12/2019 atari inyongera y’ubwo ku wa 21/06/2017, kubera ko mu gihe ubwishingizi bwo ku wa 04/12/2019 bwatangwaga, nta cyo kwishingira cyari kigihari kubera ko amasezerano hagati ya Village Health Works na ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd yari yarasheshwe ku wa 20/11/2019, akaba yibaza niba bishoboka ko hishingirwa imirimo itagihari, ko rero haba harabaye “extension” cyangwa itarabayeho, nta cyo kwishingira cyariho. [37] Me Bizumuremyi Isaac akomeza avuga ko hanasuzumwe inyandiko za “bonds” zigaragaza itandukaniro ryazo, (izo ku wa 21/06/2017 n’izo ku wa 04/12/2019), ndetse no kuba Village Health Works ubwayo yariyemereye neza ko “bonds” zo ku wa 04/12/2019 zasimbuye iza mbere, bigaragaza ko nta ho Urukiko rwari guhera rufata icyemezo ko “performance bonds” zo ku wa 04/12/2019 zifite agaciro, kubera ko zongeraga izari zisanzweho kandi zari zifite agaciro icyo gihe. MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd ikaba isanga ko n’iyo haba harabaye kongera igihe, Urukiko rwari gusuzuma niba impamvu zatanzwe na ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd, isaba kongera igihe yari ukuri ku buryo ukwiyemerera kwa MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd, kwari gushingiye ku makuru y’ukuri.

[38] Akomeza avuga ko “performance bond” itangwa ku kintu kiriho, ko itangwa ku bintu bizaza, ko rero ku wa 04/12/2019, nta mirimo yariho yishingirwaga, kandi ko na nyuma yo gusesa amasezerano ku wa 20/11/2019, Village Health Works yakomeje kwandikira ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd iyishyiraho igitutu iyisaba kuzana amasezerano kandi ko ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd yari yasabye ko inyandiko z’ubwishingizi bwo muri 2017 zidahamagazwa batarakorana “décompte final”, ko yari yasabye ko habanza gukorwa amasezerano yo kwihanganirana hagati ya ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd na Village Health Works.

[39] Me Bizimana Emmanuel avuga ko bonds zishyujwe mu gihe zari zishingiwemo kandi ko MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd itanga ubwishingizi imaze gusuzuma neza inyandiko zirebana na bwo, ikabikorana ubushishozi, Village Health Works ikaba nta ho ihurira na MUA, kubera ko MUA yakoranaga mu buryo butaziguye na ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd, ko rero ikwiye kubahiriza amasezerano yagiranye n’uruhande rwa gatatu (tierce partie), kubera ko niba yaragiranye ikibazo na ROKO, bidakwiye kugira ingaruka kuri VHW, ko mu gihe udafite imyimerere ya bonds MUA idashobora kwishyura, ikaba itanashobora kuguha “bonds” nshyashya udasubije imyimerere y’iza mbere, ari yo mpamvu VHW yemeye gusubiza imyimerere ya “bonds” za mbere, ubwishingizi bwariho mbere bwimurirwa muri “bonds” nshya.

[40] Akomeza avuga ko impamvu y’ubujurire yatanzwe na MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd nta shingiro ifite, kuko bigaragara ko yayitanze itabanje gusoma urubanza rujuririrwa, ko mu bika bya 32 na 33 by’urubanza rujuririrwa no mu nyandiko MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd yatanze yemera kongerera agaciro bonds zo ku wa 21/06/2017, ari uko bonds zo ku wa 04/12/2019 zatanzwe zongerera igihe izari zaratanzwe ku wa 21/06/2017 kuko na MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd yasabye ko Village Health Works iyigarurira cyangwa iyishyikiriza imyimerere yazo nk’uko mu gika cya 32 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwavuze ko ku wa 08/11/2019, umuyobozi wa MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd yandikiye ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd ibaruwa ifite impamvu yitwa “Extension of Performance Guarantee P-KIG-17-401-

## Page 12

PB-000166”, ahavuga ngo: “We refer to your request for us to extend your performance guarantee number P-KIG-17-401-PB 000166 in respect of Village Health Works at Kigutu in Burundi for an amount of 1.085.658 US Dollar which is bigger than the original bond. […] Return to us the original guarantee that was previously issued so that we be able to issue the extension guarantee. This is a prerequisite for us to be able to issue the extension guarantee”.

[41] Me Bizimana Emmanuel avuga na none ko mu gika cya 33 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwavuze ko ibikubiye mu ibaruwa yanditswe n’umuyobozi wa MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd, icyaganirwagaho hagati ya MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd na ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd hanarebwe impamvu y’iyo baruwa, kwari ukongerera igihe “performance guarantee n° P-KIG-17-401-PB 000166”, ko iyi igaragazwa na bond ifite n°P- KIG-17-401-PB-000166 yo ku wa 21/06/2017 yari yatanzwe na Phoenix of Rwanda Assurance Company Ltd, iyi bond ikaba yaragombaga kurangira bitarenze tariki ya 26/12/2019 (no later than 26th day of December 2019), bikaba byumvikanisha ko bond yo ku wa 21/06/2017 yongerewe igihe ku wa 04/12/2019 igifite agaciro, kuko ako yari ifite katari kurenza itariki ya 26/12/2019.

[42] Avuga kandi ko ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd ari yo yasabye ko “Performance Guarantee P-KIG-17-401-PB000166” yongererwa igihe, MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd na yo ikaba yaremeye kongerera igihe bonds ari uko igaruriwe imyimerere y’iza mbere ari na byo byakozwe, kuko asanga byari kubera ikibazo MUA iyo itazisaba kuko VHW yashoboraga kwishyuza inshuro ebyiri, ariko ko kuba yarasubije imyimerere ya bonds za mbere, byatumye VHW ikomeza kwishyuza umubare utarahindutse, ndetse ko nyuma y’iyisesengura ryakozwe mu gika cya 32 na 33 by’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwatanze igisubizo mu gika cya 34, rusanga bonds zo ku wa 04/12/2019 atari bonds nshyashya, zishingira igitandukanye n’ikishingiwe nk’uko MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd yashakaga kubyumvikanisha, ahubwo ko bonds zari zisanzweho (zatanzwe ku wa 21/06/2017), ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd igasaba ko zongererwa igihe, MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd isaba ko bayigarurira iza mbere kugira ngo ibone gutanga izindi ndetse inagaragaza ko agaciro kishingiwe karuta akari muri bonds yasabirwaga kongererwa igihe (an amount of 1.085.658 US Dollar which is bigger than the original bond), nyuma haza guhuzwa agaciro kari muri bonds zo muri 2017 n’izo muri 2019 kaba 977.474 US Dollars”.

[43] Me Bizimana Emmanuel avuga kandi ko mu gika cya 35 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwagaragaje impamvu rwashingiyeho icyemezo cyarwo cy’uko bonds zatanzwe atari nshya ahubwo ari izongera igihe, binashimangirwa n’ibyo Warren Collins (Commercial Manager/ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd) yandikiye Paul Moores wakurikiranaga iby’inyubako ku ruhande rwa Village Health Works, amumenyesha ko “bonds” zo muri 2017 zizasubizwa hagatangwa izindi nshyashya “[…] As previously communicated the original bonds of 2017 were issued to VHW and i have previously requested these be returned in order for us to raise the new and extended bonds”.

## Page 13

[44] Asoza avuga ko ibi byemeza ko MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd nk’umunyamwuga, yiyemereye ko yongereye igihe amasezerano ya bonds yari asanzwe, Village Health Works ari yo igenewe (bénéficiaire) kandi bikaba nta kaga na gato byayishyiragamo kuko yari yishingiwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko, ko icy’ingenzi cyari gikwiye kumvikana, ari uko n’ubundi Village Health Works yari ifite “bonds” zari zigifite agaciro mbere yo guhabwa izindi, bisobanuye ko n’ubwo amasezerano y’ubwubatsi yari yarasheshwe, “bonds” zari zigifite agaciro ko n’iyo Village Health Works itari guhabwa izindi “bonds”, n’ubundi yari gusaba ubwishyu, ishingiye kuri “bonds” zari zisanzwe zihari kuko zombi zari ubwoko bumwe kandi zinganya agaciro k’ubwishingizi, ndetse ko kuba Village Health Works yari yemerewe kwishyurwa kuri 26/12/2019 ikemera kongeraho amezi atatu (3) nta kibazo MUA yagombye kuba ifite ahubwo cyakagombye kugirwa n’uwo ahagarariye kuko ari we wagize ikibazo cyo gutinda kwishyurwa.

[45] Me Kabera Jean Claude avuga ko Village Health Works yambuwe uburenganzira bwayo bwo kwishyurwa mu gihe cyari giteganyijwe mu masezerano, ko mu ihame ry’ubwisanzure ku bushake (principe d’autonomie de la volonté) nta bindi birebwa, akaba nta rengayobora umwishingizi yakwitwaza yanga kwishyura, ari yo mpamvu asanga MUA igomba kwishyura.

[46] Me Niyitegeka Epaphrodite avuga ko asanga imisesengurire y’Urukiko atari yo, ko kuba rwaravuze ko “bonds” zo muri 2019 ari “extension” y’iza 2017 atari byo, ko “bonds” zo muri 2019 zitagombaga kubaho kuko nta cyo zishingiraga. Asobanura ko kugira ngo ROKO ihabwe amasezerano mashya, VHW yayihaye ibyo igomba kuzuza (conditions), ariko bikorwa nk’ubushukanyi ngo kubera ko VHW imaze guhabwa “bonds” nshya, yanze gutanga amasezerano yari isanganywe, ndetse ko VHW yanasabye ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd kuyisinyira ko amafaranga ya avansi itayakoresheje mu byo yari agenewe, ROKO itanga iyo nyandiko, ariko yongeramo ko ibiyikubiyemo atari byo kuko yari izi ko amafaranga ya avansi yahawe yayakoresheje mu byo yari agenewe, kubera izi mpamvu, akaba asanga MUA itaragombaga gutegekwa kwishyura izo “bonds”.

Uko Urukiko rubibona

[47] Ingingo ya 64 y’itegeko N˚ 45/2011 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano iteganya ko “Amasezerano akozwe ku buryo bukurikije amategeko aba itegeko ku bayagiranye. Ashobora guseswa ari uko babyumvikanyeho cyangwa ku mpamvu zemewe n’amategeko. Agomba kubahirizwa nta buriganya”.Ingingo ya 3 y’itegeko n˚ 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo iteganya ko” Buri muburanyi agomba kugaragaza ukuri kw’ibyo aburana. Umucamanza ashobora nyamara gutegeka umuburanyi wese gutanga gihamya y’ibimenyetso afite”.

[48] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza ko ku wa 21/06/2017, Ohoenix of Rwanda Assurance Company Ltd yahindutse MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd, yahaye Village Health Works “bonds” ebyiri zigizwe na Performance guarantee ifite n˚ P-KIG-17-4018PB-000166 yari ifite agaciro

## Page 14

kugeza ku wa 26/12/2019, ifite agaciro kangana na 977,474 USD na Advance bond n˚ P-KIG- 17-4018 PB 000025 (iyi ntigaragaza igihe izamara) yari ifite agaciro kangana na 1,954,949 USD.

[49] Dosiye igaragaza na none ko ku wa 08/11/2019, umuyobozi wa MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd, yandikiye ROKO Construction ibaruwa ifite impamvu irebana no kongerera igihe performance guarantee P-KIG-17-401-PB 000166, asaba ko kugira ngo ibyo bikorwe, hagomba kubanza gusubizwa umwimerere w’ubwishingizi bwa mbere.

[50] Dosiye igaragaza kandi ko ku wa 20/11/2019, amasezerano y’ibanze (Principal Building Agreement) Village Health Works yari ifitanye na ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd yasheshwe, aseswa “bonds” ziyishingira zatanzwe ku wa 21/06/2017 zigifite agaciro kuko zagezaga ku wa 26/12/2019.

[51] Ku wa 04/12/2019, MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd yandikiye Village Health Works iyishyikiriza “bonds” ebyiri zikurikira: Ifite n˚ KIG 17 APB 00025/E2 ya “advance bond” ifite agaciro kangana na 1,954,949 USD n’indi ifite n˚ KIG 17 PB 000166/E2 ya “performance bond” ifite agaciro kangana na 977,474 USD, izi bonds zombi zikaba zaragombaga kurangira ku wa 26/03/2020.

[52] Ku wa 05/12/2019, ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd yatanze icyemezo yemera ko avansi yahawe yo gutangira imirimo yayikoresheje mu bitari biteganyijwe mu masezerano (The contractor isi in breach of its obligations under the Principal Building Agreement because the contractor used the advance payment for purposes other than performing its obligation under the Principal Building Agreement).

[53] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga kuba hari ibaruwa MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd yandikiye ubwayo ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd igaragaza ko impamvu yayo (Re) irebana no kongerera igihe “performance guarantee P-KIG-17-401-PB 000166” inasaba ko igarura imyimerere y’izatanzwe mbere, hanyuma ku wa 04/12/2019, hagatangwa “advance bond” n˚ KIG 17 APB 000025/E2 na “performance bond” n˚ KIG 17 PB 000166/E2, nta gushidikanya ko habayeho kongerera igihe amasezerano y’ubwishingizi yo ku wa 21/06/2017.

[54] Urukiko rurasanga kandi ibivugwa na MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd ko hatari kwishingirwa ibitariho hashingiwe ku kuba Village Health Works yari yarasheshe amasezerano yari ifitanye na ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd ku wa 20/11/2019 nta shingiro byahabwa, kubera ko ubwishingizi bwo gutangira imirimo n’ubwishingizi bwo kurangiza imirimo neza (advance bond na performance bond) ari ubwishingizi butandukanye n’amasezerano yo gukora imirimo ubwayo Village Health Works yagiranye na ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd, kuko mu by’ukuri amasezerano yasheshwe atarebaga MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd, kwambura inshingano ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd, bikaba bitararebaga MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd na cyane ko n’ubundi amasezerano yongerewe igihe, yagombaga kurangiza igihe ku wa

## Page 15

26/12/2019, bivuze ko n’ubundi MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd yo yari ikiri mu gihe cy’inshingano ziyireba hagati yayo na Village Health Works.

[55] Ku birebana no kuba MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd ivuga ko Village Health Works itatanze imyimerere ya “bonds” zari zatanzwe mbere mu gihe Village Health Works yo ivuga ko yazigaruriye MUA, Urukiko rurasanga ibivugwa na MUA nta shingiro byahabwa, mu gihe mu ibaruwa yavuzwe haruguru, yari yasabye ko kugira ngo yongerere “bonds” igihe, ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd igomba kugarura imyimerere ya “bonds” za mbere, kuba rero byagaragaye ko “bonds” zo ku wa 04/12/2019 zongereraga igihe izo ku wa 21/06/2017, bikaba byumvikanisha ko MUA yagaruriwe iyo myimerere ya “bonds” za mbere.

[56] Hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’amategeko ndetse no ku bisobanuro bitanzwe, Urukiko rurasanga impamvu y’ubujurire ya MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd irebana no kuvuga ko “bonds” zo ku wa 04/12/2019 zitongerera igihe izo ku wa 21/06/2017, nta shingiro ifite.

4. Kumenya niba ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd yarikuyeho inshingano

[57] Me Bizumuremyi Isaac avuga ko mu masezerano ayo ari yo yose, iyo hari uruhande rugaragaje ko hari icyo rwifasheho (reserve), uko kwifata guhabwa agaciro, bigatuma amasezerano yose adahabwa agaciro. Asobanura ko ROKO yohereje icyemezo kivuga ko avansi yahawe yayikoresheje mu bitarateganyijwe mu masezerano, ariko ivuga ko iyohereje mu rwego rwo kugira ngo Village Health Works itishyuza ubwishingizi bwari bugifite igihe cyo kwishyurwa, ko rero ibyo bigaragaza ko itemeraga ko avansi yahawe yayikoresheje mu byo itagenewe, bikaba bigaragaza igitutu ROKO ivuga yashyizweho, ko kuba VHW yarasheshe amasezerano yarangiza igasaba n’ibindi, bikomeza gushimangira uburiganya, igasaba ko hitabwa ku kwifata kwa ROKO guherekeje icyo cyemezo.

[58] Akomeza avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’ubucuruzi rwahaye agaciro ukwiyemerera kwa ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd ko itubahirije amasezerano, rwirengagije ibikubiye muri e-mail yoherezaga iyo baruwa, aho ivuga ko itemera ibiyikubiyemo (disclaimer/clause de non- responsabilité), akaba asaba uru Rukiko kubikosora.

[59] Akomeza avuga ko ROKO yemeye kwemeza ko avansi yahawe yayikoresheje ibyo itagenewe, igira ngo batayigarurira guaranties kuko yatekerezaga ko baramutse bazigaruye, MUA na yo yahindukira ikayishyuza, kandi ko muri “extension”, “montant” na “langage” bidahinduka kandi ko ibyavuzwe n’umunyamategeko wa Village Health Works ko yasubije “bonds” yari yarahawe mbere.

[60] Avuga kandi ko ingingo za 11 kugeza ku ya 16 z’itegeko rigenga ubwishingizi ryo muri 1975 ziteganya ko iyo habayeho kubeshya mu masezerano, ayo masezerano ateshwa agaciro

## Page 16

kandi ko binateganywa n’ingingo za 50, 51 na 52 z’itegeko n˚ 45/2011 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano.

[61] Me Bizimana Emmanuel avuga ko mu rubanza rujuririrwa, umucamanza yasobanuye ko kuba imirimo itararangiye kandi amasezerano yarasheshwe, bidakuraho MUA inshingano zo kwishyura.

[62] Akomeza asobanura kandi ko ibyo MUA Insurance Rwanda ivuga by’uko kuba amasezerano y’ubwubatsi yarasheshwe izo bonds zitatangwa nta gaciro byahabwa, kuko iryo seswa ritatesha agaciro bonds nk’uko Urukiko rwabisobanuye neza mu bika bya 36 – 38 by’urubanza rujuririrwa, ko ingingo za 12.2.3, 12.2.4, 27.4, 29.12 z’amasezerano y’ubwubatsi Village Health Works yagiranye na ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd zakomeje kugira agaciro, aho ziteganya ibikurikira :

a.sub-clause 3.2 nayo iteganya ko amasezerano azakomeza kubahirizwa kugeza igihe cya defect liability kirangiye, hatitawe ku kuba yasheshwe … ;

b.sub-clause 11.7 y’amasezerano y’ubwubatsi ikavuga ko ubwishingire bwakorewe uruhande rumwe buzaba bugamijwe kubahiriza inshingano z’urundi ruhande ziteganywa n’amasezerano y’ubwubatsi ;

c.sub-clause 27.4 y’amasezerano y’ubwubatsi ivuga ko iyo aya masezerano yamaze guseswa, urundi ruhande rushobora gusaba kwishyurwa ku bwishingizi. Ibi biragaragaza ko hari hateganyijwe ko n’iyo amasezerano y’ubwubatsi yaseswa, bitakuraho gukurikirana ubwishyu ku mwishingizi ;

d.sub-clause 29.7: yerekeye gusesa amasezerano bikozwe na Village Health Word.ks, igateganya ko imaze gutanga integuza ku mwubatsi, ishobora kwaka indishyi ku mwubatsi kuva igihe amasezerano yashesherejwe ariko bitagarukiye ku kiguzi cyo kurangiza imirimo isigaye ;

e.sub-clause ya 29.12 iteganya ko gusesa imirimo y’ubwubatsi nta ngaruka ebizagira ku burenganzira bwa Village Health Works. Bumwe muri ubwo burenganzira harimo kwishyurwa avansi yahaye ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd, kandi ko ubwo burenganzira ari bwo Village Health Works iri gukoresha isaba MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd kwishyura ″bonds″ yatanze ;

f.sub-clause 29.32 ivuga ku gusesa amasezerano n’uburenganzira abayagiranye bagira nyuma y’uko amaze guseswa ;

## Page 17

[63] Akomeza avuga ko MUA ari sosiyete y’ubwishingizi mpuzamahanga, akaba yibaza niba ROKO ishobora kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’uburiganya, ko nta wavuga ko yashyizweho igitutu cyo kwishyura kandi yarishyuje mu gihe yari yemerewe kwishyuza, ko ibyakozwe na MUA ari ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi yakoraga kandi yarabyishyuwe, akaba asanga MUA ikwiye kubahiriza inshingano zayo.

[64] Me Niyitegeka Epaphrodite avuga ko inyandiko ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd yanditse itari igamije kwemera amakosa yo gukoresha nabi amafaranga ya avansi kuko itayakoresheje nabi, ko ahubwo hanasuzumwe gusa agaciro k’imirimo yari imaze gukora kandi ko kagaragariraga buri wese ko karutaga kure ingano y’amafaranga ya avansi yahawe. Akomeza avuga ko muri email yohereje iyo nyandiko, ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd yasobanuye ko iyo nyandiko itagomba gufatwa nko kwemera amakosa kuko nta yo yakoze, ko kuba rero Urukiko rwararenze ku byo impamde zombi zumvikanye, ari amakosa Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rukwiriye gukosora, hakemezwa ko iriya nyandiko itagomba gufatwa nk’ikimenyetso kigaragaza ko ROKO Construction Rwanda Plc yiyemereye ko yakoresheje amafaranga ya avansi mu byo atari agenewe.

[65] Akomeza avuga ko iyo nyandiko idakwiye kuba ikimenyetso cy’uko yemeye amakosa, ko ahubwo igomba gufatwa nk’uburiganya kuko yateguwe na Village Health Works, hanyuma ikayiyoherereza ngo iyisinye nka condition yo guhabwa amasezerano mashya y’ubwubatsi, nyuma yo gusabwa no gutanga bonds nshya nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru, ko ibyari biyikubiyemo atari ko byagenze, ahubwo bwari uburiganya Village Health Works yari yarateguye, yizeza guha ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd amasezerano, aho kuyayiha ijya kwishyuza bonds.

Uko Urukiko rubibona

[66] Ingingo ya 3 y’itegeko N˚ 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo iteganya ko” Buri muburanyi agomba kugaragaza ukuri kw’ibyo aburana. Umucamanza ashobora nyamara gutegeka umuburanyi wese gutanga gihamya y’ibimenyetso afite”. [67] Ku birebana no kuba MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd ivuga ko habaye uburiganya hagati ya Village Health Works na ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd, uburiganya bwayigejeje ku gusinya amasezerano y’ubwishingizi yo ku wa 04/12/2019, ndetse na ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd ikemeza ko habayeho uburiganya, Urukiko rurasanga nta shingiro byahabwa, kubera ko yaba ROKO Construction Rwanda Ltd ndetse na MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd, nta n’umwe ushobora kugaragaza ikimenyetso cy’ubwo buriganya uretse kubivuga gusa cyane ko buri ruhande rushyira umukono ku masezerano rumaze gusoma neza no gusobanukirwa ibiyakubiyemo.

## Page 18

[68] Urukiko rurasanga kandi ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd itagaragaza cyangwa ngo isobanure igitutu yaba yarashyizweho na Village Health Works kugira ngo itange icyemezo cyemeza ko yakoresheje avansi yahawe mu byo itari iteganyijwe, kuvuga ko yabyanditse bitarimo ukuri, bikaba nta shingiro byahabwa.

5. Kumenya niba 682,457.5 USD akubiye mu nyandiko yo ku wa 07/02/2020 yari akwiye kuvanwa mu yo Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwategetse MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd kwishyura

[69] Me Bizumuremyi Isaac avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’ubucuruzi rutahaye agaciro inyandiko yo ku wa 07/02/2020 Village Health Works yitangiye igaragaza ko 682,457.5 USD ari avansi ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd yari yarahawe na yo ikayaha sub contractor witwa CSI Energy Ltd wakomeje imirimo ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd yari yarahawe, ko rwirengagije n’ikimenyetso cya “décompte final” cyo ku wa 13/03/2020 kigaragaza ko avansi yari isigaje yanganaga na 985,172.46 USD, ikomoka kuri avansi ya 1,333,974.47 USD yari isigaye Village Health Works yakwiyishyuraho 348,802 USD, hagasigara 985,172.46 USD ari na yo yagombaga kuvanwamo 682,457.5 USD. Asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ko rusanze MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd igomba kwishyura Village Health Works, havanwamo 682,457.5 USD.

[70] Me Bizimana Emmanuel avuga ko iyi ngingo y’ubujurire nta shingiro yahabwa, kuko yasobanuwe neza mu gika cya 49 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd ikaba nta hantu yigeze igaragariza uko iyo avansi ingana na 682,457.5 USD yatanzwe n’uburyo ki yavanwa mu yo yishyuzwa, ko kuvuga gusa ko hari avansi yahawe umu subcontractor witwa CSI Energy bidaherekejwe n’ibisobanuro n’ibimenyetso, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwasanze rutabiheraho rwemeza ko iyo avansi ivanwa muri 1,954, 949.46 USD. Akomeza avuga ko ukuri kutagibwaho impaka ari uko CSI Energy Ltd yari subcontractor wa ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd atari subcontractor wa Village Health Works, ko rero nta nshingano zari hagati ya Village Health Works na CSI Energy Ltd ari na yo mpamvu inshingano zikomoka ku byo bumvikanye zitareba Village Health Works, ahubwo zireba ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd.

[71] Kuri iyi ngingo, Me Bizimana Emmanuel asoza avuga ko “bonds” zigomba kwishyurwa uko zatanzwe, ko nta wemerewe kugabanya ubwishyu buteganyijwe muri “bonds”, ko gutanga “décompte final” hatari hagamijwe kwerekana imirimo CSI Energy Ltd yakoreye Village Health Works, kuko CSI Energy itigeze iyikorera. Avuga ko niba 682,457.5 USD yarahawe CSI Energy Ltd, atahawe Village Health Works kandi ko 5% afatirwa atareba umwishingizi, ahubwo afatirwa kugira ngo azakoreshwe mu gihe imirimo itarangiye, akaba ari yo mpamvu ibihumbi magana atatu na cumi by’amadolari atareba MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd kuko yo irebwa na “bonds” gusa, na ho ayafatiriwe akaba areba umwubatsi.

[72] Me Niyitegeka Epaphrodite avuga ko CSI Energy Ltd ari subcontractor washyizweho na Village Health Works ngo akore imwe mu mirimo yari yarahawe ROKO Construction (Rwanda)

## Page 19

Ltd, akaba yaragenzurwaga na ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd mu kazi kayo, ariko afitanye amasezerano na Village Health Works, akaba ari muri urwo rwego, amadolari ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd yari yahawe ya avansi angana na 682,457.5 USD, yahawe CSI Energy Ltd kugira ngo iyishyure Village Health Works, ko rero kuba Urukiko rutarategetse ko ayo madolari akurwa mu yo ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd yagombaga kwishyuzwa ari akarengane,kuko “bonds” y’amadolari ya avansi itagombaga kwishyuzwa nk’uko byasobanuwe.

Uko Urukiko rubibona

[73] Ingingo ya 64 y’itegeko N˚ 45/2011 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano ivuga ko “Amasezerano akozwe ku buryo bukurikije amategeko aba itegeko ku bayagiranye. Ashobora guseswa ari uko babyumvikanyeho cyangwa ku mpamvu zemewe n’amategeko. Agomba kubahirizwa nta buriganya”. [74] Nk’uko byagaragajwe mu bika bibanza, ku wa 04/12/2019, MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd yandikiye Village Health Works iyishyikiriza “bonds” ebyiri zikurikira: Ifite n˚ KIG 17 APB 00025/E2 ya “advance bond” ifite agaciro kangana na 1,954,949 USD n’indi ifite n˚ KIG 17 PB 000166/E2 ya “performance bond” ifite agaciro kangana na 977,474 USD, izi bonds zombi zikaba zaragombaga kurangira ku wa 26/03/2020. [75] Ikibazo gisa n’iki cyatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu rubanza RCOMAA 00037/2019/CA rwaciwe ku wa 13/12/2019 hagati ya SORAS AG Ltd na NAEB, aho rwasobanuye ko “Abahanga mu mategeko bavuga ko muri ibi bihe, umwishingizi ahita yishyura akibisabwa nta nzitizi atanze zirebana n’inshingano ziri mu masezerano y’uwo yishingiye, ko uburyo bwo kubahiriza inshingano ze bureberwa mu byo yiyemeje mu masezerano yakoze. “

[76] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ku birebana n’inshingano MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd yiyemeje yo kwishyura ikimara kugaragarizwa ubusabe, igomba gutanga ubwishyu nk’uko yabyiyemeje mu nyandiko y’amasezerano, ibyo kuvuga ko hagomba kuvanwamo avansi yahawe CSI Energy Ltd, bikaba nta shingiro byahabwa.

6. Kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rutarahaye agaciro imyiregurire ya MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd ku birebana na 1,152,422 USD ya avansi

[77] Me Bizumuremyi Isaac avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rutahaye agaciro imyiregurire yayo ku madolari angana na 1,152,422 USD ya avansi Village Health Works yahaye ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd itarahabwa “guarantee” ku wa 21/06/2017, kandi ko MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd yaje gusanga Village Health Works yarahaye ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd 1,152,422 USD kandi itarahabwa ubwishingizi, bityo ko itagomba kuyishyura, kuko ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd mu gusaba ubwishingizi, yagaragaje ibaruwa Village Health Works yayandikiye, iyimenyesha ko kugeza kuri iyo tariki imaze kuyiha

## Page 20

802, 000 USD, ko asigaye izayahabwa imaze guhabwa “guarantee” ya avansi yo gutangira imirimo, ko ariko byagaragaye ko Village Health Works yayihaye andi angana na 1,152,422 USD, MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd itaratanga “guatantee”, bityo ko asaba ko avanwa mu yo yishingiye kuko habayeho kutavugisha ukuri.

[78] Me Bizimana Emmanuel avuga ko iyi ngingo y’ubujurire nta cyo yayivugaho, kuko na MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd itagaragaza icyo inenga icyemezo cy’Urukiko n’icyo ishingiraho. [79] Me Kabera Jean Claude avuga ko yatanze urubanza rwatanze umurongo uvuga ko amafaranga ya avansi atagomba kuvanwa mu bigomba kwishyurwa (urubanza RCOMAA 00026/2018/CA hagati ya Radiant Insurance Company Ltd na RAB), ko urwo rubanza rwasobanuye ko avansi atari ubwishyu, ko igomba gusubizwa urwego rwatanze isoko, bityo ko Village Health Works ikwiye guhabwa avansi yose hatagize amadolari akurwamo.

[80] Me Niyitegeka Epaphrodite avuga ko mu masezerano ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd yagiranye na MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd, afite icyo yateganije ku mafaranga azishyurwa n’uburyo azaba yatanzwe, ko niba hari amafaranga yatanzwe mbere y’uko yishingirwa, atagomba kwishyuzwa.

Uko Urukiko rubibona

[81] Ingingo ya 64 y’itegeko n˚ 45/2011 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano ivuga ko “Amasezerano akozwe ku buryo bukurikije amategeko aba itegeko ku bayagiranye. Ashobora guseswa ari uko babyumvikanyeho cyangwa ku mpamvu zemewe n’amategeko. Agomba kubahirizwa nta buriganya”.

[82] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nk’uko byasobanuwe mu gusesengura no kwanzura ku kibazo (issue) kibanziriza iki, MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd igomba kubahiriza ibyo yiyemeje mu masezerano y’ubwishingizi, igatanga agaciro ka avansi kavugwa muri ayo masezerano kuko hagaragajwe ko nta zindi nzitizi zigomba kuzamurwa mu kwishyura avansi.

B. UBUJURIRE BWURIRIYE KU BWA MUA INSURANCE (RWANDA)Ltd BWATANZWE NA VILLAGE HEALTH WORKS

7. Kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rw'Ubucuruzi rwaragombaga gutegeka ko advance bond ingana na 1,954,949.46 USD yishyurwa yose

## Page 21

[83] Me Bizimana Emmanuel asaba Urukiko rw’ubujurire ko rwashingira kuri ″bonds″ zatanzwe na MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd, rukemeza ko amafaranga yose agaragazwa kuri ″advance bond″, Village Health Works igomba kuyahabwa nk’uko MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd yayemeye muri ″bonds″ yatanze. Ashingira ku ngingo ya 152 y’itegeko n˚ 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 64 n’iya 113 z’itegeko n˚ 45/2011 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano.

[84] Ashingira kandi ku murongo watanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu rubanza RCOMAA 00026/2018/CA rwaciwe ku wa 08/02/2019, haburana Radiant Insurance Company Ltd na Rwanda Agriculture Board (RAB), aho mu gika cyarwo cya 22, Urukiko rwavuze ko avansi atari ubwishyu ku buryo isubizwa ryayo ryareberwa ku gaciro k’imirimo yari imaze gukorwa, ahubwo igomba gusubizwa urwego rwatanze isoko, na ho mu gika cya 18, ruvuga ko avansi yo gutangira imirimo ari amafaranga ahabwa uwatsindiye isoko kugira ngo abashe gutangira gushyira mu bikorwa isoko yatsindiye, ko nta gice cy’umurimo runaka aba yishyuriwe ku buryo yafatwa nk’ubwishyu, ahubwo ari uko uwatsindiye isoko agenda yishyuza agaciro k’imirimo yakoze. Asoza asaba ko MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd yategekwa kwishyura Village Health Works amafaranga yose ya ″advance bond″ angana na 1,954,949.46 USD nk’uko yari yayemeye muri ″bonds″ yari yayihaye.

[85] Me Bizumuremyi Isaac avuga ko ubujurire bwa Village Health Works nta shingiro bufite, kubera ko iyo Village Health Works yajyaga kwishyura facture ya ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd hari amadolari yavanagamo yiyishyura avansi yatanze, ikaba rero idakwiye kwishyurwa amadolari yose agaragara muri ″bonds″ kuko byaba ari ukwikungahaza nta mpamvu.

[86] Me Niyitegeka Epaphrodite avuga ko nk’uko biteganywa mu masezerano y'ibanze y'ubwubatsi no mu masezerano y'ingwate (bonds), nta hagaragara ko hazishyurwa 1,954,949.46 USD, kandi ko Village Health Works yiyemerera ko muri ayo madolari ya avansi yatanze hari ayo yishyuwe, ko kwishyuza ayo madolari yose uko yakabaye byaba ari ukwikungahaza nta mpamvu, ndetse bitanemewe nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 136 y’itegeko rigenga amasezerano.

Uko Urukiko rubibona

[87] Ingingo ya 64 y’itegeko N˚ 45/2011 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano ivuga ko “Amasezerano akozwe ku buryo bukurikije amategeko aba itegeko ku bayagiranye. Ashobora guseswa ari uko babyumvikanyeho cyangwa ku mpamvu zemewe n’amategeko. Agomba kubahirizwa nta buriganya”.

## Page 22

[88] Ingingo ya 113, igika cya mbere y’itegeko rimaze kuvugwa iteganya ko” Amasezerano agira inkurikizi ku bayagiranye gusa, ntabangamira undi wese kandi amugirira akamaro gusa mu biteganyijwe bijyanye no gusezerana ibifitiye undi akamaro.

[89] Ingingo ya 12, igika cya kabiri y’itegeko N˚ 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko “Uvuga ko atagitegetswe gukora icyo yategekwaga cyagaragajwe n’ibimenyetso, agomba kugaragaza impamvu zakimukuyeho. Iyo abiburiye ibimenyetso, uwo baburana aramutsinda”.

[90] Mu gika cya 48 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwavuze ko mu madolari MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd igomba kwishyura Village Health Works, hakurwamo 620,974.99 USD yemera ko yishyuje, hagasigara ubwishyu bungana na 1,333,974.47 USD.

[91] Urukiko rurasanga nk’uko byasobanuwe mu bika bibanza, MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd yiyemeza kuzishyura ubwishingizi bufite agaciro kangana na 1, 954,949.46 USD muri bond n˚ KIG 17 APB 000025/E2, MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd ikaba nta “clause” yigeze ishyira muri iyo amasezerano ivuga ko izasubiza ubwishyu buzaba busigaye bwonyine mu gihe izaba isabwe kwishyura kandi rero nk’uko byasobanuwe mu rubanza rwatanze umurongo ku kibazo nk’iki, mu gihe umwishingizi yishyujwe, aba agomba kubahiriza ibikubiye mu masezerano nta zindi nzitizi abyukije.

[92] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd igomba kwishyura ubwishyu bwose buteganyijwe mu masezerano yavuzwe haruguru, bungana na 1,954,949.46 USD kubera ko nta mpamvu n’imwe iyivana muri izo nshingano.

8. Kumenya ishingiro ry’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka asabwa n’ababuranyi

[93] Me Bizimana Emmanuel asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd kwishyura Village Health Works amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza angana na 10,000 USD n’igihembo cya Avoka kingana na 25,000 USD kuri uru rwego, yiyongera ku yari yasabwe mu bujurire bwa mbere angana na 25,000 USD. [94] Me Bizumuremyi Isaac avuga ko amafaranga asabwa na Village Health Works nta shingiro afite, kuko Village Health Works ari yo yashoye urubanza kandi ikirego cyayo kikaba nta shingiro gifite. Asaba ahubwo ko VHW iha MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd 167,000 USD akubiyemo indishyi zo gushorwa mu manza, indishyi zo guharabikwa n’igihembo cya Avoka, ikanayisubiza kandi 50, 000 Frw y’ingwate y’amagarama yatanze ijurira.

## Page 23

[95] Me Niyitegeka Epaphrodite asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka Village Health Works kwishyura ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd amafaranga angana na miliyoni imwe 1.000.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza, na 5.000.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka kuva urubanza rwatangira kugeza aha, kubera uburiganya bwayo bwayigizeho ingaruka zatumye itakaza amafaranga menshi.

[96] Me Bizimana Emmanuel avuga ko amafaranga asabwa na MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd nta shingiro afite, kubera ko n’ubujurire bwayo nta shingiro bufite, ndetse ko nta n’ishingiro ry’asabwa na ROKO Construction (Rwanda) Ltd, kubera ko atari yo yayishoye mu manza.

Uko Urukiko rubibona

[97] Ingingo ya 111 y’itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko “Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikiye ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe.”

[98] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga zaba indishyi z’akababaro, amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka bisabwa na MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd, itagomba kubihabwa, kubera ko hagaragajwe ko ubujurire bwayo nta shingiro bufite.

[99] Urukiko rurasanga kandi amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka ROKO Consyruction (Rwanda) Ltd isaba guhabwa na Village Health Works nta yo igomba kugenerwa, kuko nta kosa yayikoreye byatuma igira ibyo iryozwa muri uru rubanza.

[100] Urukiko rurasanga kuba hagaragajwe ko Village Health Works ifite ukuri muri uru rubanza, MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd yayishoye mu rubanza igomba kugira ibyo iyisubiza ku byo yatakaje irukurikirana, ariko kubera ko ibyo isaba ari ikirenga ndetse ikaba itanabitangira ibisobanuro, mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko, rukaba rugeneye Village Health Works 800.000 Frw akubiyemo amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka.

III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO

[101] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd, nta shingiro bufite.

## Page 24

[102] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwuririye ku bwa MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd bwatanzwe na Village Health Works, bufite ishingiro.

[103] Rwemeje ko urubanza RCOMA 00011/2021/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 22/10/2021, ruhindutse ku birebana n’ubwishyu bwa avansi MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd igomba guha Village Health Works.

[104] Rutegetse MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd gusubiza Village Health Works 1,954,949.46 USD ya avansi bemeranyijwe mu masezerano bagiranye.

[105] Rutegetse MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd guha Village Health Works 800.000 Frw akubiyemo amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka kuri uru rwego.

[106] Rutegetse ko amafaranga y’ingwate y’amagarama yatanzwe na MUA Insurance (Rwanda) Ltd ijurira, ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza.