UBUSHINJACYAHA v MUKAMANA

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v MUKAMANA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-05-28 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00678/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v MUKAMANA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE - RPAA 00678/2024/CA (Ndahayo, P.J) 28 Gicurasi 2025] Amategeko agenga imanza nshinjabyaha – Igihano – Impamvu nyoroshyacyaha – Iyo umucamanza yemeje impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ashobora kugabanya igihano ku buryo igifungo cya burundu gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Mukamana mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyagatare bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo gucuruza no gufatanywa ibiyobyabwenge nyuma yuko inzego z’umutekano zimufatanye we n’umuvandimwe we urumogi mu nzu babanamo rungana n’udupfunyika 65. Urwo Rukiko rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko uregwa ahamwa n’ibyaha rumuhanisha igihano k’igifungo kingana n’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25) n’ihazabu ingana na miriyoni cumi n’eshanu (15.000.000 Frw). Uregwa ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, ajurira mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana, avuga ko yaburanye yemera icyaha, akaba ari ubwa mbere akurikiranyweho icyaha mu butabera mu buryo buzwi ariko Urukiko ngo rwanze kumugabanyiriza ibihano akaba ariyo mpamvu ngo yasabaga Urukiko Rukuru kumugabanyiriza ibihano. Urwo Rukiko urubanza rumugabanyiriza ibihano, rwemeza ko ahanishwa igihano k’igifungo kingana n’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu ingana na miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000 Frw). Nanone yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire asaba kongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano kuko yaburanye yemera icyaha mu buryo budashindikanwaho kuva agifatwa ndetse asaba n’imbabazi. Ubushinjacyaha bwo buvuga ko uregwa atagomba kongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano kuko yagabanyirijwe mu buryo buhagije aho yahanishijwe igihano cy’igifungo kingana n’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ingana na 5.000.000frw; akaba rero yaragabanyirijewe ibihano hashingiwe ku biteganywa mu ngingo ya 2 agace ka (a) na (d) y’itegeko nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. Incamake y’icyemezo: Iyo umucamanza yemeje impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ashobora kugabanya igihano ku buryo igifungo cya burundu gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Amategeko yakoreshejwe: Ingingo ya 2 agace ka (a) na (d) y’itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. Ingingo ya 11 y’Itegeko N° 69/2019 ryo ku wa 08/11/2019 rihindura Itegeko N°68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. Nta manza zifashishijwe.

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Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku wa 08/03/2021 mu masaha ya saa kumi n’imwe n’igice z’umugoroba (17h30) inzego z’umutekano zafatanye Mukamana Jeanette n’umuvandimwe we Mukandayisenga Marcelline urumogi mu nzu babanamo rungana n’udupfunyika 65. [2] Iki kibazo cyashyikirijwe inzego z’ubutabera, Mu ubugenzacyaha abaregwa bemeraga icyaha cyo gucuruza urumogi, aho Mukamana Jeanette yavugaga ko urwo rumogi arucuruza mu rwego rwo gushaka ibitunga abana. [3] Ubushinjacyaha bwaregeye Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyagatare, rumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo gucuruza no gufatanywa ibiyobyabwenge, bugasaba ko uregwa ahanishw aigihano k’igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu ingana na 20.000.000 Frw. [4] Mukamana Jeanette yaburanye yemera icyaha, agasobanura ako asanzwe acuruza urumogi ashaka imibereho y’abana. [5] Mu rubanza RP 00351/2021/TGI/NYG rwaciwe ku wa 22/07/2021, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyagatare, rwemeje ko uregwa ahamwa n’icyaha ashinjwa, rumuhanisha igihano k’igifungo kingana n’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25) n’ihazabu ingana na miriyoni cumi n’eshanu (15.000.000 Frw), Mu gufata icyemezo urwo Rukiko rwashingiye ku mvugo z’uregwa wiyemerera ko urumogi yafatanywe arucuruza na raporo y’inzego z’ibanze imushinja ko asanzwe acuruza urumogi. [6] Mukamana Jeanette ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, ajurira mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana, avuga ko yaburanye yemera icyaha, akaba ari ubwa mbere akurikiranyweho icyaha mu butabera mu buryo buzwi ariko Urukiko ngo rwanze kumugabanyiriza ibihano akaba ariyo mpamvu ngo yasabaga Urukiko Rukuru kumugabanyiriza ibihano. [7] Mu rubanza RPA 01213/2021/HC/RWG rwaciwe ku wa 28/06/2024, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana rwamugabanyirije ibihano, rwemeza ko ahanishwa igihano k’igifungo kingana n’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu ingana na miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000 Frw). [8] Mu gufata icyemezo, Urukiko Rukuru rwashingiye ku kuba ari ubwa mbere akurikiranyweho icyaha mu nzego z’ubutabera mu buryo buzwi, ndetse no mu rwego rwo guhuza igihano n’uburemere bw’icyaha, bimubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zituma agabanyirizwa ibihano hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 2 y’itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. [9] Mukamana Jeanette yongeye kujurira mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza ruhabwa No RPAA 00678/2024/CA ruburanishwa ku wa 09/05/2025, yunganiwe na Me UWIMABERABeatha, Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Ndagijimana Charles, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’igihugu.

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[10] Mu mwanzuro utanga ubujurire wa Mukamana Jeanette asobanura ko asaba kongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano kuko yaburanye yemera icyaha mu buryo budashindikanwaho kuva agifatwa ndetse asaba n’imbabazi. [11] Mu mwanzuro w’inyongera watanzwe n’umwunganizi we, asobanura ko yasobanuriye uregwa ko abona yaragabanyirijwe ibihano ku buryo buhagije hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 2 y’itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange.1 [12] Ubushinjacyaha busobanura ko Mukamana Jeanette atagoba kongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano kuko yagabanyirijwe mu buryo buhagije aho yahanishijwe igihano cy’igifungo kingana n’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ingana na 5.000.000frw; akaba rero yaragabanyirijewe ibihano hashingiwe ku biteganywa mu ngingo ya 2 agace ka (a) na (d) y’itegeko nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, kuko ibihano yahawe ari byo bito biteganyirizwa icyaha yahamijwe. [13] Impaka muri uru rubanza zishingiye ku ukumenya niba Mukamana Jeanette yakongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano yahanishijwe mu rubanza yajuririye. II. ISESENGURA RY’IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA  Kumenya niba Mukamana Jeanette yakongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano yahanishijwe mu rubanza yajuririye [14] Mukamana Jeanette n’umwunganizi we bavuga ko yajuriye asaba kongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano kubera ko aho yabajijwe hose yemeye icyaha, kuba atararuhije inzego z’ubutabera, akaba akomeza gutakamba asaba kongera kugabanyirizwa. Bityo, kuko baganiriye bagasanga igihano yahawe aricyo gito gishoboka giteganywa n’amategeko, akaba asaba ko urukiko kuzashishoza rukareba ibyo amategeko ateganya, rukamugabanyiriza igihano. [15] Uburanira Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko Ubushinjacyaha busanga kuba Mukamana Jeannette yarahanishijwe igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya miliyoni eshanu, yaragabanyirijwe bihagije kuko aricyo gihano gito itegeko riteganya bityo akaba asang igihano yahanishijwe cyagumaho. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [16] Impaka kuri iki kibazo zishingiye ku kumenya niba hari aho urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwahera rwongera kugabanyiriza Mukamana Jeannette igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15 ans) n’ihazabu ya miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000 Frw) yahanishijwe mu rubanza yajuririye. [17] Dosiye igaragaza ko Mukamana Jeannette igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ ihazabu y’ amafaranga miliyoni eshanu (5. 000. 000 Frw). [18] Urukiko rurasanga kuba Mukamana Jeannette n’umwunganira bavuga ko urukiko rwashishoza rukagabanya igihano nta shingiro bifite kuko igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15 ans) n’ihazabu ya miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000 Frw) yahanishijwe, aricyo gihano gito giteganywa n’itegeko ku cyaha yakoze cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi

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kuko igihano giteganyirijwe icyo cyaha ari igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda arenze miliyoni makumyabiri (20.000.000FRW) ariko atarenze miliyoni mirongo itatu (30.000.000 FRW) nk’uko biteganyijwe mu ngingo ya 11 y‘Itegeko no 69/2019 ryo ku wa 08/11/2019 rihindura Itegeko n°68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. [19] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rero rurasanga igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ ihazabu y’ amafaranga miliyoni eshanu (5. 000. 000 Frw), Mukamana Jeanette yahanishijwe mu rubanza yajuririye kidashobora kongera kugabanywa hashingiwe biteganyijwe mu ngingo ya 2 agace ka (a) na (d) y’itegeko nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange iyo ngingo ikaba iteganya ko Iyo umucamanza yemeje impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ashobora kugabanya igihano ku buryo igifungo cya burundu gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15, bityo igihano Mukamana Jeannette yahanishijwe kikaba kitagomba guhinduka, n’ubujurire yashyikirije Urukiko rw’Ubujurire bukaba nta shingiro bufite. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [20] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Mukamana Jeannette nta shingiro bufite; [21] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza RPA 01213/2021/HC/RWG, rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana ku wa 28/06/2024 igumyeho, bityo ko MUKAMANA Jeannette akomeza guhanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ ihazabu y’ amafaranga miliyoni eshanu (5. 000. 000 Frw). [22] Rutegetse ko Mukamana Jeanette asonewe gutanga amagarama y’urubanza kuko aburana afunze.