MUKAMPARIRWA N’ABANDI v. NSABIMANA N’UNDI

# MUKAMPARIRWA N’ABANDI v. NSABIMANA N’UNDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2024-09-20 - Case/document no.: RCAA 00001/2023/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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MUKAMPARIRWA N’ABANDI v. NSABIMANA N’UNDI

[Rwanda URUKIKO RW’IBUJURIRE – RCAA 00001/2023/CA (Munyangeri, P.J., Ngagi na Kaliwabo, J.) 20 Nzeli 2024] Amategeko agenga Ububasha bw’Inkiko – Impamvu zimwe – Mu gusuzuma niba umuburanyi yaratsinzwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, harebwa icyaburanwaga n’imitekerereze ya buri rukiko (raisonnement juridique) mu kugaragaza impamvu zashingiweho, kugira ngo rugere ku cyemezo rwafashe, hitawe ku kureba niba ingingo zaburanywe mbere arizo zagarutsweho mu bujurire kandi ko inkiko zombi zazishubijeho mu buryo bumwe. Incamake y’ikibazo: Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent bavuga ko ari imfubyi za Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994, bavuga ko ubutaka basigiwe n’ababyeyi bwaje kwigarurirwa na Nsabimana Nicolette na Association UYISENGA NI IMANZI kuko bari bakiri bato, kandi baratatanye bamwe bari mu bigo by’imfumbyi. Ibyo byatumye baregera Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo, barusaba gutegeka ko basubizwa agaciro k’ibibanza bifite UPI: 1/02/07/01/244 na UPI:1/02/07/01/245 bifite agaciro k’amafaranga miliyoni magana abiri na mirongo itanu (250.000.000Frw) n’indishyi zibikomokaho.

Association UYISENGA NI IMANZI yireguye ivuga ko ikibanza yakiguze ku buryo bwemewe n’amategeko naho Nsabimana Nicolette we akavuga ko yagiye agura n’abaturage nyuma atererwa bornes n’Umujyi wa Kigali.

Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo rwemeje ko ikirego cyatanzwe na Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent nta shingiro gifite, bityo ko bishyura abo bareze amafaranga angana na 1.500.000Frw buri wese uko ari babiri. Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent bajuririye Urukiko Rukuru bavuga ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo rwirengagije inkomoko y’umutungo uburanwa, ko rwashingiye ku bimenyetso bivuguruzanya, kandi ko rwageneye abaregwa indishyi zidafite ishingiro. Nsabimana Nicolette yireguye avuga ko inkomoko y’umutungo itirengagijwe ahubwo Urukiko rwasanze batagaragaza ibimenyetso by’uko ubutaka buburanwa bwari gakondo yabo, ko ubutaka aregwa yabubonye abuguze, kandi ubwo bugure bukaba bwarakorewe imbere y’abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze zariho muri icyo gihe, bityo ko asaba indishyi zitandukanye.

Association UYISENGA NI IMANZI nayo yiregura ivuga ko ubutaka iregwa yabuguze n’uwitwa Twahirwa Manassé na we akaba yari yarabuguze na Bucyana Sosthène, uyu na we yarabuguze na Mubiligi Augustin, uyu na we yarahaguze na Karekezi Celestin, na we akaba yarahabonye ahaguze

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na Ruzindana mu mwaka wa 1985, kandi ko uyu yavaga inda imwe n’abarega kandi bose bakaba bari bene Kandinda Claver na Mukantagara Felicité, nayo isoza isaba indishyi zitandukanye. Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko Ubujurire bwa Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent nta shingiro bufite; bityo ko imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe idahindutse, uretse ku byerekeye amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka.

Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent bajuririye nanone mu Rukiko rw’ubujurire, maze hasuzumwa inzitizi ijyanye no kumenya niba abajuriye baratsinzwe mu nkiko zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe yazamuwe n’abarezwe aribo Association UYISENGA NI IMANZI hamwe na Nsabimana Nicolette. Abahagarariye Mukamparirwa Speciose na Mukarubayiza Providence bakanunganira Rubayiza Innocent mu kwiregura, bavuga ko ibyo abaregwa bashingiraho batanga iyo nzitizi atari byo, kuko mu rubanza rujuririrwa ntacyo Urukiko rwashingiyeho icyemezo cyarwo (manque de motivation qui vaut l’ absence de motivation), bityo bavuga ko basanga inkiko zombi zabanje mu gufata icyemezo zitarashingiye ku mpamvu zimwe. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Mu gusuzuma niba umuburanyi yaratsinzwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, harebwa icyaburanwaga n’imitekerereze ya buri rukiko (raisonnement juridique) mu kugaragaza impamvu zashingiweho, kugira ngo rugere ku cyemezo rwafashe, hitawe ku kureba niba ingingo zaburanywe mbere arizo zagarutsweho mu bujurire kandi ko inkiko zombi zazishubijeho mu buryo bumwe.

2. Mu gusuzuma ko impamvu zashingiweho umuburanyi atsindwa mu nkiko zombi ari zimwe, hatarebwa niba ibimenyetso ababuranyi batanze ku rwego rwa mbere ari byo byatanzwe no mu rwego rw’ubujurire, cyangwa ko zakoresheje amagambo amwe, ahubwo harebwa niba inkiko zombi zarashubije ku buryo bumwe ingingo zirebana n’ikiburanwa. Inzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ifite ishingiro. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, ingingo ya 52. Imanza zifashishijwe:

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Urubanza RS/INJUST/RCOM 00003/2020/SC, rwa SANLAM AG Plc na UR; rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 27/11/2020;

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Urubanza RS/INJUST/RCOM 00002/2020/SC rwa Road Solution Pavement Products na MAILCO Ltd, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 25/09/2020, igika cya 24;

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Urubanza RCOMAA 0038/16/CS- RCOMAA 0033/2016/CS rwa BANK OF KIGALI Ltd na Mulisa Kana Martin rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 21/04/2017;

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Urubanza RCOMAA 00010/2018/CA rwa KOPERATIVE DUKUNDUMURIMO (KOADU) na KING CONSTRUCTION AND SERVICE COMPANY (KICOSECA), rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 15/03/2019. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent bavuga ko ababyeyi babo bazize Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994, ndetse bagasigara ari abana bato, bamwe bakajya kurererwa mu bigo by’imfubyi, abandi mu nshuti zari iz’umuryango, ko ubutaka basigiwe n’ababyeyi bwaje kwigarurirwa na Nsabimana Nicolette na Association UYISENGA NI IMANZI kuko bari bakiri bato, kandi baratatanye bamwe bari mu bigo by’imfumbyi. Ibyo byatumye baregera Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo, barusaba gutegeka ko basubizwa agaciro k’ibibanza bifite UPI: 1/02/07/01/244 na UPI:1/02/07/01/245 bifite agaciro k’amafaranga miliyoni magana abiri na mirongo itanu (250.000.000Frw) n’indishyi zibikomokaho. [2] Association UYISENGA NI IMANZI yireguye ivuga ko ikibanza yakiguze ku buryo bwemewe n’amategeko naho Nsabimana Nicolette we akavuga ko yagiye agura n’abaturage nyuma atererwa bornes n’Umujyi wa Kigali. [3] Mu rubanza RC 00197/2018/TGI/GSBO rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo ku wa 02/05/2019, rwemeje ko ikirego cyatanzwe na Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent nta shingiro gifite, ko Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent bishyura Association UYISENGA NI IMANZI amafaranga miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana atanu (1.500.000 Frw), y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka, bakanishyura Nsabimana Nicolete amafaranga miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana atanu (1.500.000 Frw) y’indishyi z’akababaro, ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. [4] Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent bajuririye Urukiko Rukuru bavuga ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo rwirengagije inkomoko y’umutungo uburanwa, ko rwashingiye ku bimenyetso bivuguruzanya, no kuba rwarageneye abaregwa indishyi zidafite ishingiro. [5] Nsabimana Nicolette yireguye avuga ko inkomoko y’umutungo itirengagijwe ahubwo Urukiko rwasanze batagaragaza ibimenyetso by’uko ubutaka buburanwa bwari gakondo yabo, ko ubutaka aregwa yabubonye abuguze, kandi ubwo bugure bukaba bwarakorewe imbere y’abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze zariho muri icyo gihe. Asoza asaba indishyi zitandukanye. [6] Association UYISENGA NI IMANZI yiregura ivuga ko ubutaka iregwa bubaruwe kuri UPI: 1/02/07/01/244 yabuguze na Twahirwa Manassé na we akaba yari yarabuguze na Bucyana Sosthène, uyu na we yarabuguze na Mubiligi Augustin, uyu na we yarahaguze na Karekezi Celestin, na we akaba yarahabonye ahaguze na Ruzindana mu mwaka wa 1985, kandi ko uyu yavaga inda imwe n’abarega kandi bose bakaba bari bene Kandinda Claver na Mukantagara Felicité, isoza isaba indishyi zitandukanye.

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[7] Mu rubanza RCA 00257/2019/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 28/10/2022, rwemeje ko: - Ubujurire bwa Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent nta shingiro bufite; - Ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bwa Nsabimana Nicolette na Association UYISENGA NI IMANZI bufite ishingiro; - Imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe idahindutse, uretse ku byerekeye amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka; - Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent baha Nsabimana Nicolette amafaranga ibihumbi mirongo itanu (50.000Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza; - Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent baha Association UYISENGA NI IMANZI amafaranga ibihumbi magana ane (400.000Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka, n’amafaranga ibihumbi mirongo itanu (50.000Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza, amafaranga yatanzweho ingwate y’amagarama agahera mu Isanduku ya Leta. [8] Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent bajuririye uru Rukiko, ubujurire bwabo bwandikwa kuri RCAA 00001/2023/CA. [9] Iburanisha ryabaye mu ruhame ku wa 06/09/2024, Mukamparirwa Speciose na Mukarubayiza Providence bahagarariwe na Me Mulinga Kadage Laban afatanije na Me Munini Patrick bakanunganira Rubayiza Innocent, Nsabimana Nicolette ahagarariwe na Me Rugwizangoga Marcellin, naho Association UYISENGA NI IMANZI ihagarariwe na Me Ntigurirwa François; hasuzumwa inzitizi ijyanye no kumenya niba Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent baratsinzwe mu nkiko zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, ku buryo ubujurire bwabo butakwakirwa, naho izindi nzitizi abaregwa bari batanze harimo ijyanye n’uko abajuriye badafite inyungu n’ijyanye n’agaciro kikiburwa abaregwa barazireka1.

II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA 1.Kumenya niba Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent baratsinzwe ku mpamvu zimwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje ku buryo ubujurire bwabo butakwakirwa [10] Uhagarariye Nsabimana Nicolette n’uhagarariye Association UYISENGA NI IMANZI bashingiye ku ngingo ya 52, igika cya 3, y’Itegeko N°30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko iteganya ko ubujurire bwa kabiri budashobora kwakirwa ku muburanyi watsinzwe mu nkiko zombi hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, bavuga ko ubujurire bwa

1 Reba urupapuro rwa kabiri rw’inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha yo ku wa 06/09/2024.

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Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent budakwiye kwakirwa kuko batsinzwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe.

[11] Basobanura ko mu rubanza RC 00197/2018/TGI/GSBO, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo rwavuze ko abareze batabashije kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’uko umutungo baburana wari uw’ababyeyi babo, ko uretse kuvuga gusa ko uwo umutungo ari gakondo yabo kandi ko bahavukiye nta bimenyetso babitangiye, ko ibyo ari nabyo byagarutsweho mu rubanza RCA 00257/2019/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 28/10/2022, aho na rwo rwasanze nta bimenyetso abajuriye batanze byerekana ko imitungo ifite UPI: 1/02/07/01/244 na UPI: 1/02/07/01/245 yari iy’ababyeyi babo. Uhagarariye Association UYISENGA NI IMANZI yongeraho ko ku birebana na raporo yo ku Rwego rw’Umuvunyi, ku rupapuro rwa 9 igika cya 3, Urukiko Rukuru rwavuze ko rusanga nta hantu na hamwe iyo raporo igaragaza ko ubwo butaka buburanwa bwari gakondo y’ababyeyi babo, ko ahubwo bwari ubwa Ruzindana, ko n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo ari ko rwabibonye, maze rukavuga ko abarega batabashije kugaragaza ibimenyetso byerekana ko umutungo uburanwa ari gakondo y’abayeyi babo. Banzura ko Ubujurire bwa Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent butari mu bubasha bw’uru Rukiko kuko batsinzwe mu Nkiko zombi hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe. [12] Abahagarariye Mukamparirwa Speciose na Mukarubayiza Providence bakanunganira Rubayiza Innocent mu kwiregura ku nzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ishingiye ku kuba abajuriye baratsinzwe mu nkiko zombi hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, bavuga ko ibyo abaregwa bashingiraho batanga iyo nzitizi atari byo, kuko mu rubanza rujuririrwa ntacyo Urukiko rwashingiyeho icyemezo cyarwo (manque de motivation qui vaut l’ absence de motivation). Bityo ko bashingiye ku rubanza RS/INJUST/RCOM 00002/2020/SC rwaciwe ku wa 25/09/2020, aho Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwemeje ko mu gusuzuma niba umuburanyi yaratsinzwe mu nkiko zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, harebwa icyaburanwaga n’imitekerereze ya buri Rukiko kugira ngo rugere ku cyemezo rwafashe, basanga Inkiko zombi zabanje mu gufata icyemezo zitarashingiye ku mpamvu zimwe.

[13] Bavuga kandi ko Urukiko Rukuru mu gufata icyemezo rwavuze ko Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent batagaragaje uburyo umutungo uburanwa ari uwabo, rwirengagije ibyo barusobanuriye ko wari gakondo yabo, ko kandi rwashingiye ku nyandiko Nsabimana Nicolette yarushyikirije zivuguruzanya, aho zimwe zavugaga ko aguze ubutaka, izindi zikavuga ko yabuhawe n’Ubuyobozi, bityo ko impamvu zashingiweho n’inkiko zombi atari zimwe. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [14] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent baratsinzwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, byaramuka bigaragaye ko batsinzwe hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe mu nkiko zombi ubujurire bwabo ntibwakirwe kuko buba butari mu bubasha bw’uru Rukiko. [15] Ingingo ya 52, igika cya 3, y’Itegeko Nº 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, iteganya ibikurikira: “Icyakora kandi ubujurire bwa kabiri ntibushobora kwakirwa ku

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manza z’ababuranye bemera ibyo baregwa, cyangwa ku muburanyi watsinzwe mu nkiko zombi hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe”. [16] Ku bijyanye n’ibisobanuro by’impamvu zimwe, Urukiko rurasanga nk’uko byafashweho umurongo mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ndetse n’uru Rukiko, mu gusuzuma niba umuburanyi yaratsinzwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, harebwa icyaburanwaga n’imitekerereze ya buri rukiko (raisonnement juridique) mu kugaragaza impamvu zashingiweho, kugira ngo rugere ku cyemezo rwafashe, hitawe ku kureba niba ingingo zaburanywe mbere arizo zagarutsweho mu bujurire kandi ko inkiko zombi zazishubijeho mu buryo bumwe 2. Ibi kandi byumvikanisha ko impamvu zimwe zisuzumirwa mu mbago z’ibyajuririwe hashingiwe ku ihame risanzwe mu micire y’imanza rivuga ko umucamanza wo mu rwego rwa mbere yita ku igenzura ry’ibimenyetso n’amategeko ugereranyije n’ikiburanwa, naho umucamanza wo mu rwego rw’ubujurire akibanda cyane cyane ku kugenzura niba amategeko ku rwego rwa mbere yarubahirijwe uko bikwiye hakurikijwe ibisobanuro n’ibimenyetso byari byatanzwe muri urwo rubanza, byaba ngombwa agakosora aho bikenewe3. [17] Na none mu rubanza RCOMAA 0048/16/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 19/05/2017, haburana RRA na SODAR Ltd4, urwo Rukiko rwasobanuye ko mu gusuzuma ko impamvu zashingiweho umuburanyi atsindwa mu nkiko zombi ari zimwe, hatarebwa niba ibimenyetso ababuranyi batanze ku rwego rwa mbere ari byo byatanzwe no mu rwego rw’ubujurire, cyangwa ko zakoresheje amagambo amwe, ahubwo harebwa niba inkiko zombi zarashubije ku buryo bumwe ingingo zirebana n’ikiburanwa. [18] Nk’uko bigaragara mu rubanza RC 00197/2018/TGI/GSBO rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo ku wa 02/05/2019, urwo Rukiko rwasuzumye ikibazo kijyanye no kumenya niba ibibanza biregerwa ari ibya Kandinda Claver na Mukantagara Felicité ku buryo Nsabimana Nicolette na ASSOCIATION UYISENGA N’IMANZI bagomba gusubiza abazungura ba Kandinda Claver agaciro k’ikibanza kangana n’amafaranga 250,000,000Frw, niba abaregwa basubiza agaciro k’imitungo iregerwa n’ikijyanye n’indishyi. [19] Mu rubanza RCA 00257/2019/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 28/10/2022, urwo Rukiko rwasuzumye ingingo zikurikira: kumenya niba Urukiko rwarirengagije inkomoko y’umutungo uburanwa ko ari uw’abarega, kumenya niba Urukiko rwarashingiye ku bimenyetso bivuguruzanya, n’ikibazo cy’indishyi zinyuranye.

2 Reba urubanza RS/INJUST/RCOM 00003/2020/SC rwaciwe ku wa 27/11/2020, haburana SANLAM AG Plc na UR; Urubanza RS/INJUST/RCOM 00002/2020/SC hagati ya Road Solution Pavement Products na MAILCO Ltd, rwaciwe ku wa 25/09/2020, igika cya 24, Urubanza RCOMAA 0038/16/CS- RCOMAA 0033/2016/CS hagati ya Bank of Kigali Ltd na MULISA KANA Martin rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 21/04/2017, igika cya 21. Reba kandi igika cya 12 cy’urubanza rubanziriza urundi mu rubanza RCOMAA 00010/2018/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 15/03/2019, haburana KOPERATIVE DUKUNDUMURIMO (KOADU) na KING CONSTRUCTION AND SERVICE COMPANY (KICOSECA).

3 Reba igika cya 23 cy’urubanza RS/INJUST/RCOM 00003/2020/SC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 27/11/2020, haburana SANLAM Assurance Générales Plc na UNIVERSITY OF RWANDA (UR).

4 Reba igika cya 18 cy’urwo rubanza.

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[20] Mu rwego rwo kumenya niba Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent baratsinzwe mu nkiko zombi hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, haritabwa ku bibazo by‘ingenzi inkiko zombi zasuzumye, n’uburyo inkiko zasubije ibyo bibazo. Ikibazo cy’ingenzi inkiko zahuriyeho n’icyo kumenya niba hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko ibibanza biburanwa ari gakondo y’abarega ku buryo basubizwa agaciro k’imitungo iregerwa. [21] Ku kibazo cyo kumenya niba hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko ibibanza biburanwa ari gakondo y’abarega, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo, nyuma yo gusesengura ibyo buri ruhande rushingiraho rushaka kugaragaza ko ibibanza biburanwa ari ibyarwo, rwasanze Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent batagaragaza uburyo umutungo baregera ari uw’ababyeyi babo, naho abaregwa bo bakaba bagaragaza ibimenyetso bashingiraho55, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 12 y’itegeko N 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi n’ingingo ya 2 n’iya 3 z’Itegeko Nº 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/6/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo ryakoreshwaga urubanza rucibwa. Ku byerekeye kuba basubizwa agaciro k’ibibanza baregera, Urukiko rwasanze kuba abarega badafite ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko umutungo ari uwabo, nta n’impamvu rwaheraho ruvuga ko basubizwa agaciro kawo. [22] Kuri iki kibazo, Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze ibimenyetso Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent bashingiraho bavuga ko ibibanza biburanwa ari gakondo yabo birimo raporo yo ku Rwego rw’Umuvunyi, rwasanze iyo raporo itagaragaza ko ubwo butaka bwari Kuri iki kibazo, Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze ibimenyetso Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent bashingiraho bavuga ko ibibanza biburanwa ari gakondo yabo birimo raporo yo ku Rwego rw’Umuvunyi, rwasanze iyo raporo itagaragaza ko ubwo butaka bwari gakondo y’ababyeyi b’abarega, ahubwo iyo raporo igaragaza ko ubutaka bwagurishijwe mu mwaka wa 1985, n’umuvandimwe w’abarega, kandi ababyeyi bari bakiriho. Ibi bigaragaza ko ubutaka butari ubwa gakondo, kuko iyo biza kuba ari uko bimeze, ko uyu muvandimwe atari kubugurisha, ahubwo nk’uko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo rwabyemeje, bigaragara ko ubu butaka bwari ubwa Ruzindana wabugurishije, aho kuba gakondo y’ababyeyi be. Ibyo kuba uyu Ruzindana atari kubugurisha kandi yari adafite imyaka y’ubukure ntibyashingirwaho kuko uretse kubivuga gusa, abarega nta kimenyetso babigaragariza. Urukiko rwasanze ikindi kimenyetso abarega bashingiraho ari raporo y’Umurenge wa Kacyiru, iyo raporo itafatwa nk’ikimenyetso cyirengagijwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo, kubera ko ntaho igaragaza ko ubwo butaka bwari gakondo y’abarega. Ku bijyanjye no kuba abarega basubizwa agaciro k’ibibanza ndetse n’izindi ndishyi basabaga, Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze ntabyo bahabwa kuko batashoboye kugaragariza urukiko ko ubutaka baregera ari ubwabo6. [23] Hashingiwe ku bisobanuro bimaze gutangwa, Urukiko rurasanga, inkiko zombi zabanje zarahurije ku kuba Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent nta bimenyetso batanze bigaragaza ko ibibanza biburanwa byari gakondo yabo cyangwa mu yandi

5 Reba igika cya 10 kugeza ku cya 13 by’urubanza RC 00197/2018/TGI/GSBO rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo ku wa 02/05/2019.

6 Iri sesengura riboneka mu gika cya 8 kugeza ku cya 10 by’urubanza RCA 00257/2019/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 28/102022

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magambo umutungo w’ababyeyi babo, mu gihe abaregwa bo bagaragaza ibimenyetso bashingiraho byemeza ko ibibanza biburanwa ari ibyabo, ko nta n’agaciro k’ibyo bibanza bagomba guhabwa kuko nta bimenyetso abarega batanze byerekana ko ari ibyabo; bityo impamvu zashingiweho n’inkiko zombi kuri iki kibazo ni zimwe. [24] Ku byo abahagarariye Mukamparirwa Speciose na Mukarubayiza Providence bakanunganira Rubayiza Innocent bavuga ko batatsinzwe ku mpamvu zimwe mu nkiko zombi, kuko inkiko zabanje zitagaragaje ibyo zashingiyeho mu gufata icyemezo (manque de motivation qui vaut l’ absence de motivation), Urukiko rurasanga nta shingiro bifite, kuko nk’uko byagaragajwe haruguru, haba Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo, haba Urukiko Rukuru, zombi zagaragaje impamvu zashingiyeho zemeza ko umutungo Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent baregera atari gakondo yabo nk’uko babivuga, kandi imitekerereze y’izo nkiko zombi ni imwe, kuko zombi zahurije ku kuba abarega batagaragaza ibimenyetso byerekana ko umutungo baregera ari gakondo yabo cyangwa se wasizwe n’ababyeyi babo, bityo ko agaciro k’uwo mutungo basaba ntako bagomba guhabwa. 2.Kumenya niba indishyi, amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka bisabwa muri uru rubanza bifite ishingiro. [25] Uhagarariye Association UYISENGA NI IMANZI avuga ko Association UYISENGA NI IMANZI isaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka abajuriye kuyiha amafaranga y'ikurikiranarubanza n'igihembo cya Avoka angana na miliyoni ebyiri (2.000.000 Frw). [26] Uhagarariye Nsabimana Nicolette avuga ko asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka abajuriye guha abarezwe indishyi zingana na miliyoni eshatu (3.000.000Frw) kubera gukomeza kubashora mu manza ku buryo bamaze kugera mu nkiko eshatu (3) zose, miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana atanu (1.500.000Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka na miliyoni imwe (1.000.000 Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza. [27] Abahagaraririye Mukamparirwa Speciose na Mukarubayiza Providence bakanunganira Rubayiza Innocent bavuga ko indishyi abaregwa basaba nta shingiro zifite, kubera ko batunze ubutaka buburanwa mu buryo UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [28] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ibikurikira: “Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe”. [29] Urukiko rurasanga, kuba Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent barajuriye byaratumye Association UYISENGA NI IMANZI na Nsabimana Nicolette bakurikirana urubanza kuri uru rwego, banashaka Abavoka bo kubaburanira, hashingiwe rero ku ngingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryibukijwe haruguru, birumvikana ko amafaranga y’ibyagiye ku rubanza basaba afite ishingiro, ariko ayo basaba akaba ari menshi

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harebwe ko urubanza rugarukiye ku nzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’uru Rukiko; bityo mu bushishozi bwarwo rukaba rugeneye Association UYISENGA NI IMANZI na Nsabimana Nicolette, buri wese, amafaranga ibihumbi magana atanu (500,000 Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka n’amafaranga ibihumbi magana abiri (200,000 Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza, aya mafaranga akaba agomba gutangwa na Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [30] Rwemeje ko inzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire yatanzwe na Association UYISENGA NI IMANZI na Nsabimana Nicolette ifite ishingiro. [31] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Mukamparirwa Speciose, MUkarubayiza Providence na RUBAYIZA Innocent butakiriwe kuko butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. [32] Rutegetse Mukamparirwa Speciose, Mukarubayiza Providence na Rubayiza Innocent gufatanya kwishyura Association UYISENGA NI IMANZI na Nsabimana Nicolette, buri wese, amafaranga ibihumbi magana atanu (500.000 Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka n’amafaranga ibihumbi magana abiri (200.000 Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza kuri uru rwego. [33] Ruvuze ko ingwate y‘amagarama yatanzwe ihwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza.