MUKANDAYISENGA vs. UNGUKA BANK Plc

# MUKANDAYISENGA vs. UNGUKA BANK Plc

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2023-11-01 - Case/document no.: RS/INJUST/RSOC 00010/2022/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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MUKANDAYISENGA vs. UNGUKA BANK Plc [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RS/INJUST/RSOC 00010/2022/CA– (Rukundakuvuga, P.J., Munyangeri na Kamere, J.) 24 Ugushyingo 2023] Amategeko agenga imanza z’umurimo – Amasezerano y’umurimo – Gusezererwa mu kazi ku mpamvu y’ubukungu – Kumenyesha Umugenzuzi w’umurimo urutonde rwabasezererwa ku mpamvu y’ubukungu ntabwo ari umuhango gusa, mu gihe kurumumenyesha mbere ari ukugira ngo agire umwanya uhagije wo kugenzura niba amategeko n’amabwiriza byarubahirijwe. Amategeko agenga imanza z’umurimo – Amasezerano y’umurimo – Iseswa ry’amasezerano y’umurimo – Itangwa ry’integuza – Mu gihe umukoresha nta nteguza yatanze ariko akayivunja mu mafaranga nta tegeko aba yishe, bityo nta ndishyi zijyanye nabyo yongera gutanga. Incamake y’ikibazo: Mukandayisenga wari umukozi uhoraho muri Unguka Bank Plc maze akaza gusezererwa mu kazi ku mpamvu z’ubukungu, yareze iyo Banki mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge avuga yamwirukanye mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko kuko nta nteguza yahawe bityo akaba abisabira indishyi zitandukanye. Unguka Bank Plc yireguye ivuga ko iki kirego nta shingiro gifite kubera ko Urega yirukanywe mu kazi kubera impamvu z’ubukungu ndetse ahabwa ibyo amategeko amuteganyiriza. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwemeje ko ikirego cy’Urega gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe maze rutegeka ko ahabwa indishyi zitandukanye zijyanye no kuba yarirukanywe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. Iki cyemezo Uregwa yakijuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru ndetse n’Urega nawe atanga ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi ariko Urukiko rwemeza ko ubwo bujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite, ko ubw’Uregwa aribwo bufite ishingiro, ko urubanza rujuririrwa ruteshejwe agaciro mu ngingo zarwo zose kuberako Urega yahawe amafaranga mu mwanya w’integuza ndetse akaba yari ari ku rutonde rw’abakozi bagomba gusezererwa kubera impamvu z’ubukungu, rwashyikirijwe umugenzuzi w’umurimo. Urega yasabye ko urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane maze rwoherezwa muri uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire kugirango rwongere ruburanishwe, aho Urega yagaragaje akarengane ke ko gashingiye kukuba mu rubanza rusubirishwamo Urukiko rwaremeje ko kuba umukoresha yaramenyesheje Umugenzuzi w’umurimo urutonde rw’abakozi basezererwa k’umunsi umwe n’uwo yasezereweho nta kosa ririmo, ko rwitiranyije inshingano y’umukoresha yo gutanga integuza n’iyo gutanga indishyi mu gihe hatatanzwe integuza, ko rutamugeneye ikinyuranyo cy’umushahara atahembwaga mu gihe yari mu mwanya wa “manager” rwitwaje ko nta bimenyetso yabitangiye. Bityo akaba asaba uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire kwemeza ko ikirego cye gifite ishingiro kuri byose ndetse no gutegeka Uregwa kumusubiza amafaranga yose yamwishyuye harangizwa urwo rubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru. Uregwa yireguye avuga ko iki kirego nta shingiro gifite kuko mu manza zaciwe mbere ku kibazo kimeze nk’iki, urukiko rwemeje ko nta kosa rihari mu gihe umukoresha ashyikirije umugenzuzi w’umurimo urutonde rw’abakozi basezererwa k’umunsi umwe n’uwo basezereweho dore ko nta gihe nta rengwa umushingamategeko yateganyije cyo kurumushyikiriza, ndetse ko nta tegeko ryishwe mu gihe umukozi usezerewe ahawe amafaranga mu mwanya w’integuza. Asoza avuga ko mu gihe ikirego

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cy’Urega gihawe ishingiro ndetse hakagaragazwa ko urubanza rusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane rwarangijwe, azasubiza amafaranga yamwishyuye harangizwa urwo rubanza. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Kumenyesha Umugenzuzi w’umurimo urutonde rwabasezererwa ku mpamvu y’ubukungu ntabwo ari umuhango gusa, mu gihe kurumumenyesha mbere ari ukugira ngo agire umwanya uhagije wo kugenzura niba amategeko n’amabwiriza byarubahirijwe. 2. Mu gihe umukoresha nta nteguza yatanze ariko akayivunja mu mafaranga nta tegeko aba yishe, bityo nta ndishyi zijyanye nabyo yongera gutanga. Ikirego cyo gusubirishamo urubanza ku mpamvu z’akarengane, gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda ryo muri 2003 nk’uko ryavuguruwe kugeza ubu, ingingo ya 30. Itegeko No 13/2009 ryo ku wa 27/05/2009 rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda, ingingo ya 2, 29, 30, 32, 33, 34 n’iya 35. Itegeko No 25/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, ingingo ya 3. Imanza zifashishijwe: RS/INJUST/RSOC 00001/2019/SC, Niwemugeni Jeannette na KCB Bank Rwanda Plc, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 31/01/2022. RSOCAA 0014/12/CS, Musoni Rwihimba Désiré na Banki ya Kigali, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 18/01/2013. RS/INJUST/RC 00020/2022/CA, Niyibizi Vincent na SANLAM AG Plc rwaciwe n’uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 13/06/2023. RS/INJUST/RSOC 00009/2022/CA, Uwineza Alliance na Unguka Bank Plc rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 20/04/2023. RS/INJUST/RSOC 00011/2022/CA, Nyirabwiza Justine na Unguka Bank Plc rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 20/04/2023. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Mukandayisenga Gentille yakoreye Unguka Bank Ltd kuva ku wa 26/03/2007, bigeze ku wa 30/07/2018 ahabwa ibaruwa imuhagarika ku kazi isobanura ko bikozwe ku mpamvu z’ubukungu. Avuga ko kuba yarasezerewe nta nteguza, bifatwa ko yirukanywe mu buryo bunyuranyije

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n’amategeko, ari yo mpamvu yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, arusaba gutegeka Unguka Bank Ltd kumuha indishyi zo kwirukanwa binyuranyije n’amategeko, imperekeza, ikinyuranyo cy’imishahara atahawe, amafaranga asimbura ikiruhuko n’imisanzu ya RSSB, amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. [2] Unguka Bank Ltd yireguye ivuga ko indishyi Mukandayisenga Gentille asaba nta shingiro zifite, kubera ko yasezerewe ku mpamvu z’ubukungu kandi akaba yarahawe ibyo amategeko amuteganyiriza byose. [3] Mu rubanza RSOC 00180/2019/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge ku wa 05/05/2020, urwo Rukiko rushingiye ku ngingo za 30, 33 na 34 z’Itegeko No 13/2009 ryo ku wa 27/05/2009 rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda, ku murongo wafashwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza RSOCAA 0014/12/CS1, haburana Musoni Rwihimba Désiré na Banki ya Kigali, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 18/01/2013, rwemeje ko: - ikirego cya Mukandayisenga Gentille gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe; - Mukandayisenga Gentille yahawe indishyi z’integuza, imperekeza na konji muri “décompte” yo ku wa 30/07/2018; - Unguka Bank Plc iha Mukandayisenga Gentille indishyi zo kwirukanwa mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko zingana n’amafaranga miliyoni esheshatu, ibihumbi ijana na mirongo icyenda n’umunani na magana inani na mirongo inani n’atanu (6.198.885 Frw); - Unguka Bank Plc iha Mukandayisenga Gentille amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka angana n’amafaranga ibihumbi magana arindwi (700.000 Frw); - Unguka Bank Plc gusubiza Mukandayisenga Gentille amafaranga ibihumbi makumyabiri (20.000 Frw) yatanzeho ingwate y’amagarama urubanza rukimara kuba ndakuka, itahita iyamuha ikajya iyatangira inyungu za 4% buri munsi w’ubukererwe. [4] Unguka Bank Plc yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru, ivuga ko yategetswe gutanga indishyi kandi nta Tegeko yishe kuko yahaye Mukandayisenga Gentille amafaranga y’integuza, ndetse ko na we yari ku rutonde rw’abakozi bagombaga guhagarikwa rwahawe umugenzuzi w’umurimo. [5] Mukandayisenga Gentille yireguye avuga ko ubujurire bwa Unguka Bank Plc nta shingiro bufite kuko yamwirukanye ku kazi mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko ntinamuhe ibyo yemererwa. Yaboneyeho kandi gutanga ubujurire bwuririye ku bwa Unguka Bank Plc, avuga ko yabariwe indishyi mu buryo butari bwo, anasaba indishyi kuri urwo rwego. Yongeyeho kandi indi ngingo yerekeranye n’amanota yahawe mu isuzumamikorere adahuje n’ukuri avuga ko ishimangira uburyo yirukanywe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. [6] Mu rubanza RSOCA 00126/2020/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 27/01/2022, urwo Rukiko rushingiye ku Itegeko No 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu 1 Mu rubanza RSOCAA 0014/12/CS, haburana Musoni Rwihimba Désiré na Banki ya Kigali, rwaciwe ku wa 18/01/2013, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwasobanuye ko kumenyesha Umugenzuzi w’umurimo urutonde rw’abakozi bagomba gusezererwa atari umuhango

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manza n’itangwa ryabyo, ku kuba Mukandayisenga Gentille yarahawe amafaranga mu mwanya w’integuza, ku kuba nta gihe ntarengwa Umushingamategeko yagennye cyo gushyikiriza umugenzuzi w’umurimo urutonde rw’abakozi bagomba gusezererwa, no kuba Mukandayisenga Gentille yarasezerewe ku mpamvu z’ubukungu, rwemeje ko: - ubujurire bwa Unguka Bank Plc bufite ishingiro; - ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bwatanzwe na Mukandayisenga Gentille, nta shingiro bufite; - impamvu zose Mukandayisenga Gentille yatanze avuga ko yasezerewe ku murimo mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, nta shingiro zifite; - urubanza rwajuririwe RSOC 00180/2019/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge ku wa 05/05/2020, ruteshwa agaciro mu ngingo zarwo zose; - Mukandayisenga Gentille aha Unguka Bank Plc amafaranga miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana ane (1.400.000 Frw) akubiyemo ibyo yatanze ku rubanza ku rwego rwa mbere no ku rwego rw’ubujurire; - Mukandayisenga Gentille asubiza Unguka Bank Plc igarama yishyuye itanga ikirego. [7] Mukandayisenga Gentille yasabye ko urubanza RSOCA 00126/2020/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 27/01/2022 rusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, maze mu cyemezo nimero 206/CJ/2022 cyo ku wa 03/10/2022, Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga yemeza ko rusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, rukazaburanishwa n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. Urwo rubanza rwanditswe kuri RS/INJUST/RSOC 00010/2022/CA, nyuma y’imihango y’inama ntegurarubanza hemezwa ko ruzaburanishwa ku wa 04/10/2023. [8] Uwo munsi ababuranyi bose baritabye, Mukandayisenga Gentille ahagarariwe na Me Nkuba Munyandatwa Milton afatanyije na Me Ntaganda Rwamilima Anicet, Unguka Bank Plc ihagarariwe na Me Niyondora Nsengiyumva, Urukiko rubagira inama yo gukemura ikibazo mu bwumvikane, impande zombi ziyemeza kujya kubigerageza, iburanisha rirasubikwa. Nyuma ababuranyi baje kumenyesha Urukiko ko ubwumvikane butakunze, iburanisha risubukurwa ku wa 27/10/2023, ababuranyi bahagarariwe nka mbere. [9] Mu myanzuro no mu miburanire, Mukandayisenga Gentille avuga ko: - kuba mu mwanya w’integuza yarahawe amafaranga, bitavanaho ko yasezererwe ku murimo nta nteguza; - uburyo ingingo ya 34 y’Itegeko No 13/2009 ryo ku wa 27/05/2009 ryagengaga umurimo mu Rwanda igihe amasezerano y’umurimo yaseswaga yasobanuwe n’uburyo igomba kumvikana ataribyo; - atahawe imishahara ku mwanya wa “manager”, mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. Asoza asaba uru Rukiko gutegeka Unguka Bank Plc kumusubiza amafaranga yaciwe mu rubanza rusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane n’indishyi zinyuranye.

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[10] Uhagarariye Unguka Bank Plc asubiza ko ibyo Mukandayisenga Gentille yakorewe akarengane mu rubanza RSOCA 00126/2020/HC/KIG nta shingiro bifite. Avuga ko amafaranga Mukandayisenga Gentille yategetswe agomba kugumaho, ko umushahara ku mwanya wa “manager” ntawo akwiye kuko ahagarikwa mu kazi atakoraga kuri uwo mwanya kandi ko igihe cyose yakoreye muri iyo banki, yahabwaga umushahara bumvikanyeho. Naho ku byerekeye indishyi asaba kuri uru rwego akaba atagomba kuzihabwa kubera ko yahagaritswe ku kazi kubera ingorane z’ubukungu kandi akaba yarahawe ibyo amategeko amuteganyiriza. [11] Harebwe impaka ziri muri uru rubanza, harasuzumwa ibibazo bikurikira: a. Kumenya niba mu gusesa amasezerano y’umurimo hagati ya Unguka Bank Plc na Mukandayisenga Gentille ingingo ya 34 y’Itegeko No 13/2009 ryo ku wa 27/05/2009 rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda yarubahirijwe; b. kumenya niba kuba Mukandayisenga Gentille yarahawe amafaranga mu mwanya w’integuza, byafatwa ko yasezerewe ku kazi nta nteguza; c. Kumenya niba Mukandayisenga Gentille yararenganyijwe mu kutagenerwa imishahara atahawe ku mwanya wa manager; d. kumenya niba Mukandayisenga Gentille yasubizwa amafaranga Urukiko Rukuru rwamutegetse kwishyura Unguka Bank Plc; e. Ibyerekeye indishyi zo gushorwa mu rubanza, amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’avoka bisabwa. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA 1. Kumenya niba mu gusesa amasezerano y’umurimo hagati ya Unguka Bank Plc na Mukandayisenga Gentille ingingo ya 34 y’Itegeko No 13/2009 ryo ku wa 27/05/2009 rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda yarubahirijwe [12] Abahagarariye Mukandayisenga Gentille bavuga ko gushyikiriza umugenzuzi w’umurimo urutonde rw’abakozi bagomba gusezererwa ku munsi umwe n’uwo bari busezererweho nta kosa ririmo kuko Umushingamategeko atatanze igihe ntarengwa cyo gutanga urwo rutonde. Bavuga ko uburyo abahagarariye Unguka Bank Plc basobanura ingingo ya 34 y’Itegeko No13/2009 ryo ku wa 27/05/2009 rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda ari ukwirengagiza ibisobanuro byatanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza RSOCAA 0014/12/CS, haburana Musoni Rwigimba Désiré na Banki ya Kigali, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 18/01/20132. [13] Bakomeza bavuga ko umurongo wafashwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ari na wo wagendeweho n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu rubanza RS/INJUST/RSOC 00009/2022/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 20/04/2023 haburana Uwineza Alliance na Unguka Bank Plc ndetse no mu 2 Mu gika cya 28 cy’urubanza RSOCAA 00014/12/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 18/01/2013, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwasobanuye ko gukora urutonde rw’abakozi bagomba gusezererwa ku mpamvu zivugwa mu ngingo ya 34 y’Itegeko ryavuzwe haruguru no kurumenyesha Umugenzuzi w’Umurimo atari umuhango gusa, ahubwo ari ukugira ngo arusuzume neza, bityo arebe ko ibisabwa n’amategeko byubahirijwe.

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rubanza RS/INJUST/RSOC 00011/2022/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 20/04/2023 haburana Nyirabwiza Justine na Unguka Bank Plc, zagaragaje ko kuba urutonde rw’abakozi bagomba gusezererwa rwarashyikirijwe Umugenzuzi w’Umurimo ku munsi umwe n’uwo abakozi basezereweho, bifatwa ko birukanywe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. [14] Uhagarariye Unguka BANK Plc yiregura kuri iyi ngingo avuga ko nta shingiro ifite kubera ko Urukiko Rukuru rwasobanuye neza ko kuba nta nshingano Umushingamategeko yahaye umugenzuzi w’umurimo yo kuba yagira icyo akora ku rutonde rw’abakozi bagomba gusezererwa, kumuha urwo rutonde mbere y’uko ruhabwa umukozi bireba nta cyo biba byishe. Avuga ko imanza Mukandayisenga Gentille avuga ko zasobanuye uko ingingo ya 34 y’Itegeko rigenga umurimo ryavuzwe haruguru igomba kumvikana, zidahuye n’uru rubanza kubera ko zo umukoresha atari yarashyikirije umugenzuzi w’umurimo urutonde rw’abakozi bagomba gusezererwa, naho muri uru, Unguka Bank Plc ikaba yararumushyikirije. Akomeza avuga ko ku birebana n’urubanza RSOCAA 0014/12/CS urega aburanisha, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rutigeze rusobanura igihe urutonde rw’abakozi bagomba gusezererwa rugomba kuba rwashyikirijwe umugenzuzi w’umurimo, icyo uwo mugenzuzi w’umurimo arukoraho n’igihe agomba kuba yagikozemo; kuri we rero akaba asanga gushyikiriza Umugenzuzi w’Umurimo urwo rutonde bihagije. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [15] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba kuba umukoresha yamenyesha Umugenzuzi w’Umurimo urutonde rw’abakozi bagomba gusezererwa ku munsi umwe n’uwo umukozi yahereweho ibaruwa imuhagarika ku kazi byaba binyuranyije n’ingingo ya 34 y’Itegeko No 13/2009 ryo ku wa 27/05/2009 rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda ryakoreshwaga igihe Mukandayisenga Gentille yasezererwaga. [16] Impaka nk’izi zakemuwe mu rubanza RS/INJUST/RSOC 00009/2022/CA haburana Uwineza Alliance na Unguka Bank Plc no mu rubanza RS/INJUST/RSOC 00011/2022/CA haburana Nyirabwiza Justine na Unguka Bank Plc, zaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 20/04/2023. Muri izo manza abahagarariye abarega bavugaga ko kuba Unguka Bank Plc yaramenyesheje Umugenzuzi w’Umurimo urutonde rw’abakozi bagomba gusezererwa ku munsi umwe n’uwo bahereweho ibaruwa ibasezerera bifatwa ko basezerewe mu kazi mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. Urukiko rwifashishije umurongo wafashwe mu rubanza RSOCAA 00012/13/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 18/12/2013 rwavuzwe haruguru, rwanzura ko kuba urwo rutonde rutarahawe Umugenzuzi w’Umurimo mbere y’uko umukozi asezererwa kugira ngo agenzure niba ruhuje n’ibiteganywa n’Itegeko, rusanga barasezerewe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’Itegeko3. [17] Ku byerekeranye n’ibyo uhagarariye Unguka Bank Plc avuga ko urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rudakwiye gushingirwaho kubera ko rwo umukoresha atari yahaye Umugenzuzi w’Umurimo urutonde rw’abakozi bagomba gusezererwa, uru Rukiko rusanga ikibazo kiri mu manza zaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire zavuzwe mu gika kibanziriza iki, gisa neza neza n’ikiri muri uru rubanza, bityo umurongo wazitanzwemo akaba ari nawo uru rugomba gukurikiza. 3 Reba urubanza RS/INJUST/RSOC 00009/2022/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 20/04/2023 haburana Uwineza Alliane na Unguka Bank Plc, igika cya 37 n’urubanza RS/INJUST/RSOC 00011/2022/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 20/04/2023 haburana Nyirabwiza Justine na Unguka Bank Plc, igike cya 27.

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[18] Koko rero, kimwe no muri izo manza, muri uru rubanza nabwo, urutonde rw’abakozi bagomba gusezererwa rwahawe umugenzuzi w’umurimo ku munsi umwe n’uwo Mukandayisenga Gentille yabimenyesherejweho, kandi ibyo impande zombi zibyemeranyaho. Urukiko rukaba rusanga rero ibyo binyuranye n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 34 y’Itegeko No 13/2009 ryo ku wa 27/05/2009 rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda nk’uko byasobanuwe mu manza zaciwe zavuzwe, zemeje ko kumenyesha umugenzuzi w’umurimo urutonde atari umuhango, ko ahubwo agomba kurumenyeshwa mbere y’igihe kugira ngo agire umwanya uhagije wo kugenzura niba amategeko n’amabwiriza byarubahirijwe4. [19] Hashingiwe ku bisobanuro byatanzwe mu murongo wafashwe mu manza zasuzumye ikibazo gisa n’iki, uru Rukiko rurasanga Mukandayisenga Gentille yarirukanywe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko; bityo kuri iyi ngingo, ikirego cye kikaba gifite ishingiro. 2. Kumenya niba kuba Mukandayisenga Gentille yarahawe amafaranga mu mwanya w’integuza byafatwa ko yasezerewe ku kazi nta nteguza [20] Abahagarariye Mukandayisenga Gentille bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwitiranyije inshingano y’umukoresha yo gutanga integuza n’iyo gutanga indishyi mu gihe hatatanzwe integuza. Basobanura ko ingingo ya 4 n’iya 10 z’amasezerano y’umurimo Unguka Bank Plc yari yagiranye na Mukandayisenga Gentille ziteganya ko mu gihe bibaye ngombwa ko aseswa, igihe cy’integuza kigomba kubahirizwa kandi ko kuba Unguka Bank Plc yaramuhaye amafaranga asimbura igihe cy’integuza batabyumvikanyeho, bikwiye gufatwa nk’aho yirukanywe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. [21] Bakomeza bavuga ko ingingo ya 29 y’Itegeko N° 13/2009 rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda ryavuzwe haruguru ivuga ko amasezerano y’akazi y’igihe kitazwi ashobora guseswa igihe cyose iyo umwe mu bayagiranye abishatse ariko ku mpamvu zumvikana. Iryo seswa ribanzirizwa n’integuza itangwa n’urishaka, uretse iyo impande zombi zibyumvikanyeho, naho ingingo ya 30 yaryo ikavuga ko integuza igomba kumenyeshwa mu nyandiko uruhande ireba hagaragazwa n’impamvu zituma amasezerano aseswa. Naho ingingo ya 2,21º y’Itegeko rimaze kuvugwa igateganya ko umukozi afatwa nk’uwirukanwe nta mpamvu, iyo habayeho guhagarika amasezerano y’akazi bikozwe n’umukoresha nta mpamvu igaragara cyangwa hadakurikijwe uburyo bwateganyijwe n’amategeko. Ko kandi inyandiko z’abahanga mu mategeko harimo uwitwa Nsengiyumva Metusera, agira ati: “Le préavis se définit comme une notification du délai, c’est ā dire un avertissement par lequel l'auteur (l'employeur ou le travailleur) informe ou préavise la victime de la rupture du moment auquel le contrat prendra fin”, ko ugenekereje mu rurimi rw’Ikinyarwanda bishatse kuvuga ko integuza ari ukumenyesha uruhande rurebwa n’iseswa ry'amasezerano, igihe ayo masezezerano azahagararira. [22] Ku birebana n’urubanza RS/INJUST/RSOC 00001/2019/SC uhagarariye Unguka Bank Plc yavuze ko rwatanze umurongo uvuga ko kuba umukoresha yatanga amafaranga mu mwanya w’integuza nta Tegeko riba ryishwe, bavuga ko urwo rubanza rutagereranywa n’ikibazo gisuzumwa muri uru rubanza ngo kuko n’ubwo rwasuzumye ikibazo cy’integuza, muri urwo rubanza, umukozi atashoboraga gusaba integuza kubera ko yirukanywe kubera amakosa yakoze, na ho Mukandayisenga Gentille akaba yarahagaritswe ku mpamvu z’ubukungu. Anongeraho ko ingingo ya 32 y’Itegeko No 4 Reba urubanza RS/INJUST/RSOC 00009/2022/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 20/04/2023 haburana Uwineza Alliance na Unguka Bank Plc, igika cya 40 n’urubanza RS/INJUST/RSOC 00011/2022/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 20/04/2023 haburana Nyirabwiza Justine na Unguka Bank Plc, igika cya 28.

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13/2009 ryo ku wa 27/05/2009 rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda ryakomeje kuvugwa, iteganya ko umukozi ahabwa amafaranga mu mwanya w’integuza, ari uko impande zombi zibyumvikanyeho. [23] Uhagarariye Unguka Bank Plc yiregura kuri iyi ngingo avuga ko kuba umukoresha yaha umukozi usezerewe ku kazi amafaranga ahwanye n’igihe cy’integuza byafashweho umurongo mu rubanza RS/INJUST/RSOC 00001/2019/SC, haburana Niwemugeni Jeannette na KCB Bank Rwanda Plc, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 31/01/2022, aho rwemeje ko gutanga amafaranga mu mwanya w’integuza nta Tegeko riba ryishwe cyangwa ikosa ririmo, ko rero asanga uyu murongo ari wo ukwiye gukurikizwa n’izindi nkiko. Avuga kandi ko hari na kopi y’urubanza abahagarariye Mukandayisenga Gentille bishyiriye muri dosiye y’uru rubanza haburana Unguka Bank Plc na Uwineza Alliance mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, aho uru Rukiko rwasuzumye ikibazo cyo kumenya niba kuba yarahawe amafaranga mu mwanya w’integuza bivuze ko yahawe integuza, maze rushingiye ku murongo wafashwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza rwa Niwemugeni Jeannette na KCB Bank Rwanda Plc rwavuzwe haruguru, rwanzura ko Uwineza Alliance yahawe integuza. Akomeza asaba ko kuba abanyamategeko ba Mukandayisenga Gentille ari na bo baburaniye Uwineza Alliance kandi ko uyu na we yakoreraga ku masezerano y’akazi yagiranye na Unguka Bank Plc, bakwiye kubahiriza umurongo wafashwe kuri iki kibazo. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [24] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba kuba umukozi asezerewe ku kazi agahabwa amafaranga mu mwanya w’integuza, byafatwa ko yasezerewe adahawe integuza. [25] Ibyerekeye guha amafaranga umukozi usezerewe ku kazi mu mwanya w’integuza byafashweho umurongo n’uru Rukiko mu rubanza RS/INJUST/RSOC 00009/2022/CA rwaciwe ku wa 20/04/2023 haburana Uwineza Alliance na Unguka Bank Plc. Muri urwo rubanza, Uwineza Alliane yavugaga ko kuba Unguka Bank Plc yaramuhaye amafaranga mu mwanya w’integuza kandi batabyumvikanyeho, bifatwa ko yirukanwe nta nteguza, ko rero yirukanwe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. Urukiko rushingiye ku murongo wafashwe mu rubanza RS/INJUST/RSOC 00001/2019/SC no ku nyandiko z’abahanga, rwanzuye ko kuba Unguka Bank Plc itaratanze igihe cy’integuza ariko igaha Uwineza Alliance indishyi zihwanye n’amafaranga y’umushahara n’andi mashimwe umukozi yagombaga kubona mu gihe cy’integuza kandi Uwineza Alliance akaba adahakana ko yabihawe, rusanga Unguka Bank Plc yarubahirije ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 32 y’Itegeko No 13/2009 ryo ku wa 27/05/2009 rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda5. [26] Muri uru rubanza, abahagarariye Mukandayisenga Gentille na bo bavuga ko kuba Unguka Bank Plc yaramuhaye amafaranga mu mwanya w’integuza batabyumvikanyeho, bifatwa ko yasezerewe ku kazi nta nteguza, ko rero yasezerewe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. Urukiko rusanga rero hashingiwe ku murongo wafashwe n’uru Rukiko mu rubanza rwavuzwe haruguru, ndetse n’uburyo ibintu byagenze hagati ya Mukandayisenga Gentille na Unguka Bank Plc, bigaragara ko bihura n’uko byagenze hagati ya Uwineza Alliane na Unguka Bank Plc, bityo umurongo wafashwe kuri icyo kibazo ukaba ugomba kubahirizwa no muri uru rubanza. 5 Reba urubanza RS/INJUST/RSOC 00009/2022/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 20/04/2023, haburana Uwineza Alliance na Unguka Bank Plc, igika cya 54.

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[27] Mu yandi magambo, nk’uko byemejwe mu manza zavuzwe haruguru, uru Rukiko rusanga guhabwa amafaranga mu mwanya w’integuza nyir’izina nta tegeko biba byishe. Kubera izo mpamvu, ibyo Mukandayisenga Gentille avuga kuri iyi ngingo bikaba nta shingiro bifite. 3. Kumenya niba Mukandayisenga Gentille yararenganyijwe mu kutagenerwa imishahara atahawe ku mwanya wa manager [28] Abahagarariye Mukandayisenga Gentille bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rutamugeneye ikinyuranyo cy’umushara atahembwaga mu gihe yari mu mwanya wa manager rwitwaje ko nta bimenyetso yabitangiye ngo nyamara yari yagaragaje amazina y’abo bari ku rwego rumwe, igihe batangiriye akazi n’umushahara bahembwaga, ko rero kuba rutarakoze iperereza cyangwa ngo rutegeke Unguka Bank Plc, kugaragaza ibyo bimenyetso, asanga harabaye kwirengagiza ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 30 y’Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda ryo muri 2003 nk’uko ryavuguruwe kugeza ubu, ivuga ko abantu bakora akazi kamwe bagomba guhembwa umuhashara ungana, kandi ko rwirengagije ibikubiye mu nyandiko z’abahanga mu mategeko, zivuga ku kuringaniza umushahara ku bantu bakora umurimo umwe. Bavuga rero ko uko kwirengagiza umushahara yakagombye kuba yarahembwaga, byagize ingaruka ku bijyanye n’umushara uherwaho mu kumubarira imperekeza n’amafaranga y’imisanzu y’ubwiteganyirize. [29] Basobanura ko uwo bahagarariye yakoze ku mwanya wa manager kuva mu mwaka wa 2016 kugeza muri Gashyantare 2018 ariko ntiyabihemberwa kandi ko abandi bakozi bari kuri urwo rwego bahembwaga umushahara mbumbe ungana n’amafaranga miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi ijana na mirongo cyenda n’icyenda na magana cyenda na mirongo ine n’icyenda (1.199.949 Frw) harimo uwitwa Bandorayingwe na we waburanye na Unguka Bank Plc, Urukiko Rukuru rukamubarira imperekeza rushingiye ku mushahara ungana na miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi ijana na mirongo cyenda n’icyenda na magana cyenda na mirongo ine n’icyenda (1.199.949 Frw), naho Mukandayisenga Gentille akaba yarasezerewe ku kazi ahembwa umushahara wa chef comptable. Bakomeza bavuga ko nta nyandiko ihari Mukandayisenga Gentille yaba yarandikiye Unguka Bank Plc asaba guhabwa iyo mishahara atahembwe ko ariko yabyibukije mu magambo ubwo bari bamaze gusesa amasezerano y’umurimo bari bafitanye, ntiyahabwa igisubizo. [30] Uhagarariye Unguka Bank Plc yiregura avuga ko banki igira ba managers benshi koko, ko ariko bose badahembwa umushahara ungana, ko buri wese ahembwa umushahara bitewe n’inshingano afite kubera ko n’umuyobozi w’ishami rya banki yitwa manager ndetse ko kubera ko umukozi na banki bumvikana ku ngano y’umushahara azakorera, usanga abakozi batayinganya bitewe n’ibyo bumvikanye mu biganiro bagiranye mbere yo gushyira umukono ku masezerano y’umurimo. Ku birebana no kuba abahagarariye urega bavuga ko kuba atarahembwe umushahara wa manager byagize ingaruka ku ngano y’amafaranga y’imperekeza yahawe, uhagarariye Unguka Bank Plc avuga ko ibyo bavuga atari ko bimeze, kubera ko ingingo ya 35 y’Itegeko No 13/2009 ryo ku wa 27/05/2009 ryagengaga umurimo mu Rwanda igihe Mukandayisenga Gentille yasezererwaga ku kazi, iteganya uko imperekeza zibarwa kandi ko haherwa ku mushahara umukozi yasezerewe ahembwa. [31] Akomeza yemeza ko Mukandayisenga Gentille asezererwa ku kazi atakoraga ku mwanya wa “manager”, ahubwo kuva ku wa 15/02/2018 kugeza ku wa 30/07/2018 amasezerano y’umurimo aseswa, yari ku mwanya wa business banker akora akazi ko kujya hanze (kuri terrain) ashakira banki abakiliya, umushahara mbumbe (salaire brut) kuri uwo mwanya ukaba waranganaga n’amafaranga

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ibihumbi magana atandatu na mirongo inani n’umunani na magana arindwi na mirongo itandatu n’atanu (688.765 Frw), agatahana mu rugo (salaire net) ungana n’amafaranga ibihumbi magana ane na mirongo itanu n’umunani na magana inani na cumi n’atatu (458.813 Frw) kandi ko uwo mushahara yahembwaga ari wo yari yarumvikanye na banki mu masezerano, akaba ari na wo yahembwaga akiri ku mwanya wa manager kuko ubwo yahindurirwaga inshingano atahinduriwe umushahara ndetse ari nawo wahereweho abarirwa amafaranga y’imperekeza n’integuza. [32] Uhagarariye Unguka Bank Plc asoza avuga ko kuba Mukandayisenga Gentille atabasha kugaragaza ibimenyetso byemeza ko atahembwe umushahara wa manager, ntaho yahera avuga ko yarenganye. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [33] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba hari ibimenyetso byirengagijwe bigaragaza ko Mukandayisenga Gentille yagombaga guhembwa umushahara wa “Manager” akaba atarawuhawe, bikagira n’ingaruka ku mperekeza yahawe. [34] Ingingo ya 3 y’Itegeko No 25/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo iteganya ko buri muburanyi agomba kugaragaza ukuri kw’ibyo aburana. Iyi ngingo y’Itegeko yumvikanisha ko buri muburanyi ategetswe kugaragariza Urukiko ibimenyetso byose byakwifashishwa kugira ngo ukuri kwe kugaragare. [35] Dosiye y’urubanza irimo inyandiko y’ubuyobozi bwa Unguka Bank Plc yahawe Mukandayisenga Gentille ku wa 30/07/2018, igaragaza ko kuva ku wa 26/03/2007 kugeza ku wa 30/07/2018 yayikoreye imirimo ikurikira: “Teller; Accountant; Internal Auditor Assistant; Chef de Service de Trésorerie et Budget; Chief Accountant; Payment System and Clearing Manager; Business Banker”. Hari inyandiko yo ku wa 01/04/2016 igaragaza ko kuva kuri iyo tariki, Mukandayisenga Gentille akuwe ku mwanya wa “Chief Accountant” agashyirwa ku mwanya wa “Payment System and Clearing Manager”, inyandiko yo ku wa 15/02/2018 yashyikirijwe Mukandayisenga Gentille ku wa 20/03/2018, imumenyesha ko kuva ku wa 19/02/2018, ahinduriwe inshingano akaba agizwe “business banker”. Muri iyo nyandiko hagaragajwemo ko babanje kugirana ibiganiro ku wa 12/02/2018, kandi ko nta gihindutse mu masezerano y’umurimo asanzwe uretse umwanya w’umurimo (The terms and conditions of your employment contract remain unchanged except job position). [36] Dosiye irimo kandi inyandiko zatanzwe na Unguka Bank Plc zigaragaza umushahara Mukandayisenga Gentille yahembwaga mu myaka itatu ya nyuma, aho bigaragara ko: - mu kwezi kwa Mutarama 2016 yahembwaga umushahara mbumbe (Gross salary) ungana n’amafaranga ibihumbi magana atandatu na mirongo inani n’umunani na magana arindwi na mirongo itandatu n’atanu (688.765 Frw), agacyura mu rugo (Take home) umushahara ungana n’amafaranga ibihumbi magana ane na mirongo itandatu na magana atanu na mirongo irindwi n’abiri (460.572 Frw); - mu kwezi k’Ukuboza 2017 Mukandayisenga Gentille yahembwe umushahara mbumbe (Gross salary) ungana n’amafaranga ibihumbi magana atandatu na mirongo inani n’umunani na magana arindwi na mirongo itandatu n’atanu (688.765 Frw), atahana mu

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rugo (Take home) ungana n’amafaranga ibihumbi magana ane na mirongo ine na bine na magana abiri na cumi n’ane (444.214 Frw); - mu kwezi kwa Nyakanga 2018 Mukandayisenga Gentille yahembwe umushahara mbumbe (Gross salary) ungana n’amafaranga ibihumbi magana atandatu na mirongo inani n’umunani na magana arindwi na mirongo itandatu n’atanu (688.765 Frw), atahana mu rugo (Take home) ungana n’amafaranga ibihumbi magana ane na mirongo ine na bine na magana abiri na cumi n’atanu (444.215 Frw). [37] Ubuyobozi bwa Unguka Bank Plc bwanditse inyandiko yo ku wa 01/11/2023, bwemeza ko muri iyo banki, imishahara iganirwaho hagati y’umukozi na banki kandi hashingirwa ku bintu byinshi harimo: urwego rw’umurimo (job position); ubumenyi umukozi afite (staff’s skills); amashuri yize (qualifications), ubunararibonye (experience). [38] Urukiko rusanga nta mushahara wihariye uzwi uhembwa abari ku rwego rwa “managers” muri bank nk’uko byanasobanuwe na Unguka Bank Plc mu nyandiko yayo yavuzwe mu gika kibanziriza iki kandi Mukandayisenga Gentille akaba ataragaragaje ikimenyetso kivuguruza iyo mvugo ya Bank; ngo agaragaze nibura ko ba “managers” koko bose bahembwaga umushahara umwe. Mu gihe rero adashobora kuvuguruza ko buri “manager” ahembwa umushahara umukozi yumvikanyeho n’umukoresha, akaba atabasha kugaragaza ko hari n’uwo yari yumvikanye na Bank kuri uwo mwanya ntawuhabwe, nta n’aho yahera avuga ko yarenganyijwe kuko ibyo bituma atabasha no kugaragaza umushahara nyakuri yagombaga guhabwa, ngo Urukiko rubone aho ruhera rugenzura ko atawubonye. Kubera izo, mpamvu ibyo avuga kuri iyi ngingo bikaba nta shingiro bifite. [39] Kubera izo mpamvu kandi, uru Rukiko rusanga ibyo avuga ko yabariwe imperekeza nabi, nabyo nta shingiro bifite kuko yazibariwe hashingiwe ku mushahara yagombaga guhembwa, ari nawo yahembwaga ubwo yasezererwaga, nk’uko amategeko abiteganya. Bityo amafaranga yari yabariwe nk’indishyi zo kwirukanwa mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko angana na miliyoni esheshatu n’ibihumbi ijana na mirongo cyenda n’umunani na magana inani na mirongo inani n’atanu (6.198.885 Frw) akaba atagomba guhinduka. 4. Kumenya niba Mukandayisenga Gentille yasubizwa amafaranga Urukiko Rukuru rwamutegetse kwishyura Unguka Bank Plc [40] Abahagarariye Mukandayisenga Gentille basaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ko mu gihe ikirego cyo gusubirishamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane urubanza RSOCA 00126/2020/HC/KIG cyahabwa ishingiro, rwategeka Unguka Bank Plc gusubiza uwo bahagarariye amafaranga miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana ane na mirongo ine (1.440.000 Frw) yishyuye Unguka Bank Plc harangizwa urwo rubanza. [41] Uhagarariye Unguka Bank Plc avuga ko ikirego cya Mukandayisenga Gentille kiramutse gihawe ishingiro kandi akagaragaza ko urubanza rusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane rwarangijwe, izasubiza ayo mafaranga. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA

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[42] Urukiko rurasanga nta kimenyetso Mukandayisenga Gentille yarugaragarije cyerekana ko yishyuye amafaranga angana na miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana ane na mirongo ine (1.440.000 Frw) harangizwa urubanza RSOCA 00126/2020/HC/KIG. Kubera izo mpamvu, rukaba rusanga ntaho rwahera rutegeka Unguka Bank Plc kuyamusubiza mu gihe atagaragaza ko hari ayo yatanze koko. 5. Ibyerekeye indishyi zo gushorwa mu manza, amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’avoka bisabwa [43] Uhagarariye Mukandayisenga Gentille asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka Unguka Bank Plc kumuha amafaranga miliyoni ebyiri n’ibihumbi magana atanu (2.500.000 Frw) y’indishyi zo gushorwa mu manza, amafaranga miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana atanu (1.500.000 Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza yo ku nzego zose kubera ibyo yatakaje akurikirana urubanza n’amafaranga miliyoni eshatu n’ibihumbi magana atanu (3.500.000 Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka kuri uru rwego, yiyongera ku yo yategetswe mu rwego rwa mbere. Ku mafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka Unguka Bank Plc isaba gusubizwa, bavuga ko nta shingiro afite, kuko uwo ahagarariye yaje mu rubanza kubera akarengane yagiriwe mu rubanza asubirishamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane. [44] Abahagarariye Unguka Bank Plc bavuga ko ikibazo cy’indishyi zo gushorwa mu manza kidakwiye gusuzumirwa kuri uru rwego kubera ko atari yo mpamvu Mukandayisenga Gentille yashingiyeho asubirishamo urubanza ku mpamvu z’akarengane kandi ko yishimiye imikirize y’urubanza rwaciwe ku rwego rwa mbere, kuko mu bujurire bwuririye ku bundi, yatanze impamvu imwe yonyine y’ubujurire. Ku byerekeye amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza asaba, avuga ko nta shingiro yahabwa, ko agomba kwirengera ikiguzi cyose atanga akurikirana imanza kubera ko ari we wazishoyemo. Ku byerekeye amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka, avuga ko Mukandayisenga Gentille akwiye kuyirengera kuko ari we wakomeje gushora imanza kandi akazitsindwa, azi neza ko amasezerano y’umurimo yaseshwe ku mpamvu z’ubukungu. Asaba ahubwo Urukiko gutegeka Mukandayisenga Gentille kwishyura Unguka Bank Plc amafaranga miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana atanu (1.500.000 Frw) akubiyemo ay’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [45] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba ababuranyi bahabwa amafaranga basaba muri uru rubanza, harimo ay’indishyi zo gushorwa mu manza, ay’ikuririkiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. [46] Ibyerekeye amafaranga y’ibyagiye ku rubanza byafashweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu rubanza RS/INJUST/RC 00020/2022/CA rwaciwe n’uru Rukiko ku wa 13/06/2023, haburana Niyibizi Vincent na SANLAM AG Plc. Muri urwo rubanza buri muburanyi yasabaga Urukiko gutegeka mugenzi we kumwishyura amafaranga y’ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza, Urukiko rubonye ko mu ngingo zasuzumwe hari izo buri ruhande rwatsindiye izindi rukazitsindirwa, rwanzuye ko buri muburanyi agomba kwirengera ibyo yatakaje mu rubanza. [47] Muri uru rubanza, bigaragara ko Mukandayisenga Gentille yatsindiye gusa ibyerekeye kuba yarirukanwe mu buryo budakurikije amategeko, naho izindi ngingo zose arazitsindirwa, bivuze ko Unguka Bank Plc ariyo yazitsindiye.

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[48] Kubera izo mpamvu, kuba yaba Mukandayisenga Gentille na Unguka Bank Plc hari ingingo buri wese yatsindiye hakagira n’izo atsindirwa, Urukiko rurasanga nta ruhande rukwiye kugenerwa amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka nk’uko byatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza rwavuzwe haruguru. [49] Urukiko rurasanga amafaranga Mukandayisenga Gentille asaba avuga ko ari ay’indishyi zo gushorwa mu manza ku maherere atagomba kuyahabwa, kubera ko ari we watangije urubanza kandi akaba ataragiye ahabwa ukuri ku ngingo yaregeraga zose. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [50] Rwemeje ko ikirego cyatanzwe na Mukandayisenga Gentille cyo gusubirishamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane urubanza RSOCA 00126/2020/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 27/01/2022, gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe. [51] Rwemeje ko Mukandayisenga Gentille yirukanwe mu buryo budakurikije amategeko ariko ko atirukanwe nta nteguza. [52] Rwemeje ko nta ndishyi zo gushorwa mu manza, amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’avoka bigomba gutangwa. [53] Rutegetse Unguka Bank Plc guha Mukandayisenga Gentille amafaranga angana na miliyoni esheshatu n’ibihumbi ijana na mirongo cyenda n’umunani na magana inani na mirongo inani n’atanu (6.198.885 Frw) y’indishyi zo kwirukanwa mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko.