MUKANGOGA n’undi vs MUTETERI n’abandi

# MUKANGOGA n’undi vs MUTETERI n’abandi

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2021-07-16 - Case/document no.: RCAA 00029/2018/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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MUKANGOGA n’undi vs MUTETERI n’abandi. [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RCAA 00029/2018/CA (GAKWAYA P.J; TUGIREYEZU na KALIWABO, J.) 16 Nyakanga 2021] Amategeko agenga imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe – abashyingiranywe mu buryo budakurikije amategeko – Umwe mu babanaga batarasezeranye ku igabana ry’umutungo bashakanye bituma umutungo washatswe cyangwa wongerewe n’abantu babana utikubirwa n’umuntu umwe, bityo bagomba kuwugabana mu buryo bungana waba uzanywe n’umugore cyangwa umugabo kabone n’ubwo baba batagiye gutandukana. Amategeko agenga imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe – imicungire y’umutungo w’abatandukanye ku bushake (separation de faits) – Kuba umugabo yaratandukanye n’umugore we ku bushake (separation de faits) agashaka undi mugore umwe cyangwa benshi abo yashatse bagira uburenganzira ku mutungo bashakanye kabone nubwo atatandukanye n’umugore wa mbere mu buryo amategeko abiteganya. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiye mu rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge Mukangoga na Mugiramana barega abavandimwe babo bakomoka kuri Ngoboka yabyaranye n’abandi bagore babiri yashatse nyuma yuko se atandukanye na nyina mu 1975 kugeza ubwo yaje kwitaba Imana mu mwaka wa 1994 badatandukanye mu buryo buteganyijwe n’amategeko kandi barasezeranye uko amategeko abiteganya, basaba kuzungura umutungo wa se utaragurishwa no kugabana amafaranga yavuye mu mutungo wagurishijwe hiyongereyeho n’inyungu ziyakomokaho. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwasanze Ngoboka yarashatse abagore batatu buri wese amushakira umutungo we, bityo mu izungura buri mwana akaba agomba gukurikira umutungo wahawe nyina nk’uko byakorwaga hashingiwe ku muco, rwemeje kandi ko umutungo wari uwa Ngoboka bwite, ugomba kuzungurwa n’abamukomokaho bose. Mukangoga na Mugiramana, bajuriye mu Rukiko Rukuru bavuga ko umutungo wose ari uw’abashyingiranywe, ko rero abana batavuka ku isezerano bagomba kuzungura ku ruhande rwa se gusa, ko umutungo n’ubwo wari wanditse ku bagore ba Ngoboka ariko wari uwe. Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze Mukangoga na Mugiramana nta kimenyetso bagaragaje cyemeza ko imitungo abandi bagore ba Ngoboka bari batuyemo yari yarahashywe na Nikuze na Ngoboka, rwemeza ko ubujurire bwabo nta shingiro bufite. Mukangoga na Mugiramana ntibishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, bajuririra Urukiko rw’Ubujurire bavuga ko Urukiko rukwiye gusuzuma niba Nikuze na Ngoboka bari basangiye umutungo cyangwa se wari uwa Ngoboka wenyine ku buryo yari afite uburenganzira bwo kuwutanga uko yishakiye no kumenya uko wazungurwa. Uhagarariye abaregwa, avuga ko abo ahagarariye batemera ko Nikuze na Ngoboka basezeranye, ko ukurikije igihe bamaranye n’igihe batandukaniye, nta kimenyetso abarega bagaragaje cyemeza mu buryo budashidikanywaho ko imitungo iregerwa Nikuze na Ngoboka bayishakanye, ahubwo ko imitungo yabonetse nyuma y’uko batandukanye, asobanura kandi ko nta kosa Urukiko Rukuru

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rwakoze mu kwemeza ko imitungo ari iy’abagore ku giti cyabo. Bongeraho kandi ko abarega nta kimenyetso bagaragaza cyemeza ko Ngoboka yahaye abo bagore imitungo iburanwa, ahubwo ko iyo mitungo ari iy’abagore ba Ngoboka kuko babanaga mu buryo budakurikije amategeko. Urukiko rwemeje ko imitungo yagurishijwe igaherera kuri buri ruhande rwayigurishije, abana Nikuze yabyaranye na Ngoboka bakazungura kimwe cya kabiri (½) cy’umutungo Ngoboka yari atunganye na Nikuze kugeza mu mwaka wa 1975 nk’uruhare rwa nyina, ndetse bakanazungura bafatanyije n’abana bose bakomoka kuri Ngoboka uruhare rwa se rwasigaye kuri kimwe cya kabiri ( ½) cy’imitungo yari atunganye na Nikuze, naho imitungo yanditse kuri Ngoboka wenyine ikazungurwa n’abana be bose bamukomokaho bakiriho. Urukiko rw’ubujurire rwemeje kandi ko n’ubwo nta Rukiko rwigeze rubatandukanya, kuba igihe cyose bamaze batabana nta wongeye kugira aho ahurira n’undi mu guteza imbere umutungo bari basangiye, bikwiye kumvikana ko buri wese yakomeje gukora ukwe. ku bw’ibyo, igihe abashakanye batagisangiye inshingano zo guteza imbere umutungo bahuriyeho ku bushake bwabo, mu mwanya w’ivangamutungo rusange bikwiye guhinduka bagafatwa nk’aho bagengwa n’ivanguramutungo kugirango hatabaho kwikungahaza nta mpamvu (enrichissement sans cause). Incamake y’icyemezo:1. igihe abashakanye batagisangiye inshingano zo guteza imbere umutungo bahuriyeho ku bushake bwabo, mu mwanya w’ivangamutungo rusange bikwiye guhinduka bagafatwa nk’aho bagengwa n’ivanguramutungo, kuko bitabaye bityo uwitwaza ivangamutungo rusange yatwara igice cy’umutungo washatswe n’undi, akanagira uruhare ku mutungo atashatse, bityo bigatera kwikungahaza nta mpamvu (enrichissement sans cause) cyangwa agafata ibyemezo bibangamira urundi ruhande. 2.Umwe mu babanaga batarasezeranye ku igabana ry’umutungo bashakanye bituma umutungo washatswe cyangwa wongerewe n’abantu babana utikubirwa n’umuntu umwe, bityo bagomba kuwugabana mu buryo bungana waba uzanywe n’umugore cyangwa umugabo kabone n’ubwo baba batagiye gutandukana. Kuba umugabo yaratandukanye n’umugore we ku bushake (separation de faits) agashaka undi mugore umwe cyangwa benshi abo yashatse bagira uburenganzira ku mutungo bashakanye kabone nubwo atatandukanye n’umugore wa mbere mu buryo amategeko abiteganya.

Ubujuririre bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe. Ukugoboka gufite ishingiro kuri bimwe. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 27/2016 ryo ku wa 08/07/2016 rigenga imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe, impano n’izungura ingingo ya 76,100, 101 Itegeko N° 59/2008 ryo ku wa 10/09/2008 rikumira kandi rihana ihohoterwa iryo ari ryo ryose rishingiye ku gitsina ingingo ya 39. Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi ingingo ya 12,111 Itegeko Nº 45/2011 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano, ingingo ya 113.

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Imanza zifashishijwe: RS/REV/INJUST/CIV0007/15/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 04/12/2015 haburana NYIRAKAMANA n’abandi v. MUKASHARANGABO n’abandi, igika cya 27. RS/Inconst/Pén. 0003/10/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 07/01/2011 ku kirego cyatanzwe na GATERA Johnson na KABALISA Teddy, igika cya 5. RCAA0014/15/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 07/12/2017 haburana Mutoni K. Jackline na NIWENSHUTI na MUKAMBUGUJE, igika cya 35 RCAA00045/2016/SC rwo ku wa 24/05/2019, igika cya 26 Inyandiko z’abahanga zifashishijwe. Alain BENABENT, Droit civil: Les contrats spéciaux civils et commerciaux, 7ème édition, Montchretien, 2006, p. 26, n° 29. Urubanza IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ngoboka Jean yashakanye mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko na Nikuze Ancille mu mwaka wa 1969, babyarana abana batatu ari bo: Mukangoga Marie Louise, Mugiramana Rosine na Ngoga Jean-Paul witabye Imana. Nyuma Nikuze Ancille aza kwahukana mu mwaka wa 1975, ntiyongera kubana n’umugabo kugeza ubwo yitabye Imana muri jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994. Hagati aho, Ngoboka Jean yashatse abandi bagore babiri ari bo Mwanayire Jeanne d’Arc na Kankindi Marie, bose babyarana abandi bana; nawe yitaba Imana mu mwaka wa 2000 azize indwara. [2] Haje kuvuka ibibazo mu bazungura ba Ngoboka Jean ku buryo Mukangoga Marie Louise na Mugiramana Rosine batanze ikirego, urubanza rutangirira mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, abo bombi barega abavandimwe babo bakomoka kuri Ngoboka Jean n’abandi bagore be bavuzwe haruguru, basaba kuzungura umutungo wa se utaragurishwa no kugabana amafaranga yavuye mu mutungo wagurishijwe hiyongereyeho n’inyungu ziyakomokaho. [3] Mu rubanza RC0125/14/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe ku wa 13/01/2015, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwasanze Ngoboka Jean yarashatse abagore batatu buri wese amushakira umutungo we, bityo mu izungura buri mwana akaba agomba gukurikira umutungo wahawe nyina nk’uko byakorwaga hashingiwe ku muco, rwemeza ko umutungo wari uwa Ngoboka Jean bwite, ugizwe n’ishyamba n’amazu abiri ari mu Gakinjiro ugomba kuzungurwa n’abamukomokaho bose, naho igipangu kirimo amazu abiri na annexes biri Niboye-Kicukiro, bikaguma mu maboko y’abana Ngoboka Jean yabyaranye na Kankindi Marie, rutegeka ko imitungo igizwe n’ishyamba riri mu Mudugudu wa Muganza, Akagari ka Kigali, Umurenge wa Kigali, Akarere ka Nyarugenge n’amazu abiri ari mu Gakinjiro, Umudugudu wa Kinyambo, Akagari ka Kora, Umurenge wa Gitega, Akarere ka Nyarugenge, Umujyi wa Kigali, bigurishwa, ikiguzi kivuyemo kikagabanywamo 3, buri

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mwana akagabana ku ruhare rwa nyina. Rwategetse kandi Muteteri Germaine, Niyonsenga, Mugiraneza Eric, Umutarutwa Françoise, Tuyisenge Irenée, Mukamazimpaka Joselyne na Hitiyise Jean-Luc guha Mukangoga Marie- Louise na Mugiramana Rosine amafaranga 5.000.000Frw y’uruhare rwabo ku mutungo bagurishije na Murenzi Théoneste. [4] Mukangoga Marie-Louise na Mugiramana Rosine, bajuririye Urukiko Rukuru bavuga ko umutungo wose ari uw’abashyingiranywe, ko rero abana batavuka ku isezerano bagomba kuzungura ku ruhande rwa se gusa, kuko Ngoboka Jean na Nikuze Ancille batigeze batandukana cyangwa ngo bagabane umutungo, ko umutungo n’ubwo wari wanditse ku bagore ba Ngoboka Jean, wari uwe, banavuga ko imitungo yihariwe n’abaregwa, basaba ko iyagurishijwe mu buryo butari bwo yagaruzwa. [5] Mu rubanza nº RCA 0060/15/HC/KIG rwaciwe ku wa 24/03/2016, Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze Mukangoga Marie-Louise na Mugiramana Rosine nta kimenyetso bagaragaje cyemeza ko imitungo abandi bagore ba Ngoboka Jean bari batuyemo yari yarahashywe na Nikuze Ancille na Ngoboka Jean, rwemeza ko ubujurire bwabo nta shingiro bufite, ko ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bwa Muteteri Germaine, Umutarutwa Françoise, Hitiyise Jean-Luc, Tuyisenge Irenée, Niyonsenga Alice, Utamuliza Macline na Mugiraneza Eric bufite ishingiro ndetse n’ubw’abagobotse mu rubanza, ko nta gihindutse ku rubanza rwajuririwe, rutegeka abajuriye kwishyura 1.500.000Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka no gukurikirana urubanza ku bwa Muteteri Germaine n’abavandimwe be, na 500.000Frw kuri buri wese wagobotse mu rubanza, akanahabwa 300.000Frw y’indishyi z’akababaro uretse Nyirinkindi Jean Marie Vianney utaritabye. Bapfakurera Robert we, yagenewe indishyi z’akababaro za 600.000Frw, kubera ko yarezwe gusa ntacyo asabwa. [6] Mukangoga Marie-Louise na Mugiramana Rosine ntibishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, bajuririra Urukiko rw’Ubujurire bavuga ko hakwiye kurebwa niba Nikuze Ancille na Ngoboka Jean bari basangiye umutungo cyangwa se wari uwa Ngoboka Jean gusa ku buryo yari afite uburenganzira bwo kuwutanga uko yishakiye no kumenya uko wazungurwa. Muri uru rubanza hagobotsemo Ngoga Placide ahagarariye inyungu za se Ngoga Jean-Paul (umwana wa Ngoboka Jean na Nikuze Ancille) witabye Imana, ubujurire bwabo buhabwa RCAA00029/2018/CA. [7] Urubanza rwatangiye kuburanishwa mu ruhame ku wa 23/05/2019, ariko rugenda rusubikwa ku mpamvu zitandukanye harimo n’iyo kugira ngo ababuranyi biyunge haba ku bwabo cyangwa bafashijwe n’Urukiko, ariko ubwiyunge burananirana, hemezwa ko iburanisha ry’urubanza rigomba gukomeza, ku wa 14/12/2020, akaba ari bwo ryimuriwe ku wa 15/02/2021 kugira ngo Utamuliza Macline, Mushimire Dusenge Didier, Musabirema Jackson na Uwera Cyuzuzo bashake Avoka wo kubaburanira. [8] Urubanza rwongeye kuburanishwa mu ruhame ku wa 15/02/2021, Mukangoga Marie-Louise na Mugiramana Rosine bahagarariwe na Me Mugenzi Elie, Muteteri Germaine, Umutarutwa Françoise, Hitiyise Jean-Luc, Tuyisenge Irenée, Mukamazimpaka Josiane, Niyonsenga Alice bahagarariwe na Me Francis Nzayisenga, Utamuliza Macline, Uwera Cyuzuzo, Mushimire Dusenge Didier, Musabirema Jackson na Mugiraneza Eric bahagarariwe na Me Mugenzi Olivier, Murenzi Théoneste aburanirwa na Me Audace Muhirwa Ngabo, Bapfakurera Robert ahagarariwe na Me Mucyo Donatien, Nkurunziza Emmanuel na Nyirinkindi Jean-Marie Vianney bahagarariwe na Me Jean Baptiste Nsabimana naho Ngoga Placide ahagarariwe na Me Paulin Murera, uwo munsi

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hasuzumwa inzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’Urukiko yatanzwe n’Abavoka b’abaregwa n’abagobokeshejwe, bavuga ko Mukangoga Marie-Louise na Mugiramana Rosine batsinzwe hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe mu nkiko zombi zibanza. Ku wa 19/03/2021, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ko inzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’Urukiko yatanzwe n’abaregwa n’abagobokeshejwe nta shingiro ifite, ko ubujurire bwa Mukangoga Marie-Louise na Mugiramana Rosine buri mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, rutegeka ko iburanisha rizakomeza ku wa 20/04/2021. [9] Kuri uwo munsi, Urukiko rwahamagaje urubanza rusanga Mukangoga Marie- Louise na Mugiramana Rosine bahagarariwe na Me Mugenzi Elie, Muteteri Germaine, Umutarutwa Françoise, Hitiyise Jean-Luc, Tuyisenge Irenée, Mukamazimpaka Josiane, Niyonsenga Alice na Mugiraneza Eric bahagarariwe na Me Francis Nzayisenga, Mutamuliza Macline, Uwera Cyuzuzo, Mushimire Dusenge Didier, Musabirema Jackson bahagarariwe na Me Mugenzi Olivier, Murenzi Théoneste aburanirwa na Me Audace Muhirwa Ngabo, Bapfakurera Robert ahagarariwe na Me Mucyo Donatien, Ngoga Placide ahagarariwe na Me Paulin Murera, naho Nkurunziza Emmanuel na Nyirinkindi Jean-Marie Vianney batitabye kandi batanahagarariwe ariko hafatwa icyemezo ko urubanza rukomeza badahari. Isomwa ry’urubanzwa ryashyizwe ku wa 28/05/2021. [10] Uwo munsi ugeze, Urukiko rwasanze hari ibibazo bigendanye n’umutungo uburanwa bigomba gusubizwa n’ababuranyi mbere y’uko Urukiko rufata icyemezo, rutegeka ko urubanza rupfundurwa ababuranyi bakagaragaza UPI z’igipangu Ngoboka Jean yabanagamo n’abana ba Nikuze Ancille na Mwanayire Jeanne d’Arc, UPI y’umutungo ugizwe n’inzu nini iri Nyakabanda zone C bavuga ko Ngoboka Jean yabanagamo na Kankindi Marie na UPI y’umutungo ugizwe n’inzu z’ubucuruzi ziri imbere ya station STIPAG, ruvuga ko iburanisha rizakomeza ku wa 15/06/2021. [11] Kuri uwo munsi, Urukiko rwahamagaje urubanza rusanga Mukangoga Marie- Louise na Mugiramana Rosine bahagarariwe na Me Mugenzi Elie, Muteteri Germaine, Umutarutwa Françoise, Hitiyise Jean-Luc, Tuyisenge Irenée, Mukamazimpaka Josiane, Niyonsenga Alice na Mugiraneza Eric bahagarariwe na Me Francis Nzayisenga, Murenzi Théoneste aburanirwa na Me Audace Muhirwa Ngabo, Bapfakurera Robert ahagarariwe na Me Mucyo Donatien, Ngoga Placide ahagarariwe na Me Paulin Murera, Nkurunziza Emmanuel na Nyirinkindi Jean-Marie Vianney bahagarariwe na Nsabimana Jean-Baptiste naho Mutamuliza Macline, Uwera Cyuzuzo, Mushimire Dusenge Didier, Musabirema Jackson batitabye kandi batanahagarariwe ariko hafatwa icyemezo ko urubanza rukomeza badahari. ISESENGURWA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA Kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwarakoze amakosa mu kugena imitungo izungurwa n’uburyo izungurwamo [12] Abahagarariye abajuriye mu rubanza bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwakoze amakosa rufata imitungo ya Ngoboka Jean ruyiha abandi bagore be nyamara hari abana bakomoka ku mugore w’isezerano, basobanura ko mu gihe bari barasezeranye urukiko rwagombaga kugaragaza ko umutungo utari uwa Ngoboka Jean gusa ku buryo yari kuwuha abagore be uko yishakiye atabyemerewe n’uwo bashakanye cyane ko, kuba Ngoboka Jean atari akibana na Nikuze Ancille

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bitakuyeho ivangamutungo ngo hamenyekane imitungo ya Nikuze Ancille n'iya Ngoboka Jean kandi ko n’iyo imitungo yaba yarabonetse nyuma, bitakwambura Nikuze Ancille uburenganzira mu gihe cyose bari bakivanze umutungo. [13] Abahagarariye abajuriye basoza bavuga ko imitungo yose yari iya Ngoboka Jean, ko rero ikwiye kugabanwa ku buryo 1/2 cyayo giherera kuri Nikuze Ancille (umugore w’isezerano) maze kikazungurwa n'abana be, naho 1/2 gisigaye kigabanywa abana bose bakomoka kuri Ngoboka Jean harimo n'abarega. [14] Me Murera Paulin, uhagarariye uwagobotse, avuga ko mu Rukiko Rukuru hirengagijwe ko Ngoboka Jean na Nikuze Ancille bahahanye imitungo yose Ngoboka Jean yaje gutuzamo abandi bagore batari ab’isezerano nk’uko bigaragara mu rubanza n RCA0060/15/HC/KIG mu gika cyarwo cya 11 aho Urukiko Rukuru rwavuze ko rusanga bigoye kubyemeza nyamara bizwi neza ndetse byaranagaragajwe ko Ngoboka Jean na Nikuze Ancille bashyingiwe byemewe n’amategeko bityo ibyo amategeko ateganya bikaba bigomba kubahirizwa. [15] Me Murera Paulin avuga kandi ko hakurikizwa Itegeko rikoreshwa ubu Nº 27/2016 ryo ku wa 08/07/2016 rigenga imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe, impano n’izungura hakarebwa ingingo ya 76 yaryo iteganya uburyo izungurwa rikorwamo mu gihe cy’ivangamutungo rusange, aho mu gace karyo ka kabiri (2) ahateganijwe ko “iyo bombi bapfuye basize abana, umutungo wose uzungurwa n’abana bose abapfuye basize. Iyo hari abana badahuriyeho, umutungo ugabanywamo kabiri (2), buri mwana akazungura umubyeyi we”, bikaba bihura n’ibiteganijwe mu ngingo yaryo ya 101 ahavugwa Itegeko rikurikizwa mu izungura igihe igabana ritaraba hakaba hateganijwe ko izungura ryafunguwe guhera ku itariki ya 1 Ukwakira 1990, ariko igabana rikaba ritaraba rizakorwa hakurikijwe iri tegeko. Mu gusoza asaba ko abazungura bose ba Ngoboka Jean bafatanya kugaragaza imitungo yose ya Ngoboka Jean igomba kuzungurwa, ndetse bakanagaragaza amafaranga yagiye ava mu bukode bw’imitungo ya Ngoboka Jean yagiye yakirwa na bamwe mu bazungura ndetse n'ibyayisaruwemo kugira ngo nayo azungurwe nk’uko amategeko abiteganya. [16] Me Francis Nzayisenga, uhagarariye Muteteri Germaine, Umutarutwa Françoise, Hitiyise Jean-Luc, Tuyisenge Irenée, Mukamazimpaka Josiane, Niyonsenga Alice na Mugiraneza Eric, avuga ko abo ahagarariye batemera ko Nikuze Ancille na Ngoboka Jean basezeranye, ko ukurikije igihe bamaranye n’igihe batandukaniye, nta kimenyetso abarega bagaragaje cyemeza mu buryo budashidikanywaho ko imitungo iregerwa Nikuze Ancille na Ngoboka Jean bayishakanye, ahubwo ko imitungo yabonetse nyuma y’uko batandukanye, ko rero Nikuze Ancille atagira uburenganzira ku mitungo atigeze agira uruhare mu ishakwa ryayo. Mu gusoza asobanura ko nta kosa Urukiko Rukuru rwakoze mu kwemeza ko imitungo ari iy’abagore ku giti cyabo ndetse no kuba Urukiko rwarategetse ko imitungo yari iya Ngoboka Jean ku giti cye igabanwa n’abamukomokaho bose ku buryo bungana bikurikije amategeko. [17] Me Mugenzi Olivier, uhagarariye Utamuliza Macline, Uwera Cyuzuzo, Mushimire Dusenge Didier na Musabirema Jackson, avuga ko abaregwa nta kimenyetso bagaragaza cyemeza ko Ngoboka Jean yahaye abo bagore imitungo iburanwa, ahubwo ko iyo mitungo ari iy’abagore ba Ngoboka Jean kuko babanaga mu buryo budakurikije amategeko, ko no mu kugurisha bayigurishaga mu mazina yabo.

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UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [18] Ingingo ya 100, igika cya 1, y’Itegeko Nº 27/2016 ryo ku wa 08/07/2016 rigenga imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe, impano n’izungura iteganya ko “Imanza zose zari mu nkiko mbere y’uko iri tegeko ritangira gukurikizwa ziburanishwa hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’iri tegeko ariko nta gihinduwe ku mihango y’iburanisha yakozwe”. [19] Ingingo ya 101 y’iryo Tegeko iteganya ko “Izungura ryafunguwe guhera ku itariki ya 1 Ukwakira 1990 ariko igabana rikaba ritaraba rizakorwa hakurikijwe iri tegeko”. [20] Ingingo ya 76, agace ka 2º, y’Itegeko nº 27/2016 ry’iryo Tegeko iteganya ko: “Iyo bombi bapfuye basize abana, umutungo wose uzungurwa n’abana bose abapfuye basize. Iyo hari abana badahuriyeho, umutungo ugabanywamo kabiri (2), buri mwana akazungura umubyeyi we”. [21] Ingingo ya 39, igika cya 2, y’Itegeko N° 59/2008 ryo ku wa 10/09/2008 rikumira kandi rihana ihohoterwa iryo ari ryo ryose rishingiye ku gitsina iteganya ko “Mu gihe umwe mu barebwa n’ibivugwa mu gika kibanziriza iki, yabanaga n’abagore cyangwa n’abagabo benshi, abanza kugabana ku buryo bungana na buri wese mu bo babanaga, umutungo bari bafitanye cyangwa bahahanye mbere y’uko ashyingirwa”. [22] Dosiye igaragaza ko ikirego cyatanzwe ku wa 28/01/2014, hakurikizwa Itegeko Nº 22/99 ryo ku wa 12/11/1999 ryuzuza Igitabo cya mbere cy’urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano kandi rishyiraho igice cya gatanu cyerekeye imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe, impano n’izungura, ariko urubanza rugeze mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire rutaraburanishwa, hasohotse Itegeko nº 27/2016 ryo ku wa 08/07/2016 rigenga imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe, impano n’izungura. [23] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza ko Ngoboka Jean na Nikuze Ancille babanye mu mwaka wa 1969 basezeraniye muri Komini Butamwa1 bitandukanya mu mwaka wa 1975 (séparation de fait), guhera ubwo ntibongera kubana, nyuma y’uko batandukanye Ngoboka Jean akaba yarabanye mu buryo budakurikije amategeko n’abandi bagore 2, aribo Mwanayire Jeanne d’Arc na Kankindi Marie. [24] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza kandi ko imitungo isabirwa kuzungurwa igizwe n’imitungo Nikuze Ancille yari atunganye na Ngoboka Jean ndetse n’iyo Ngoboka Jean yabonye nyuma y’uko bareka gukomeza kubana nk’umugore n’umugabo. Imitungo isabirwa kuzungurwa ni: igipangu kinini Ngoboka Jean yabanagamo n’abana ba Nikuze Ancille na Mwanayire Jean d’Arc cyagabanyijwemo ibice bibiri UPI: 1/03/09/03/573 yaguzwe na Nkurunziza Emmanuel na UPI: 1/03/09/03/449 yaguzwe na Sanday Francis nawe ayigurisha Bapfakurera Robert, igipangu kigizwe n’inzu zo gucururizamo imbere ya station STIPPAG hamwe na annexes zayo cyaguzwe na Murenzi Théoneste kibaruwe kuri UPI: 1/03/09/03/1204, imitungo yanditswe kuri Ngoboka Jean nk’uko byagaragajwe n’inyandiko zatanzwe n’Umubitsi w’Impapurompamo z’ubutaka ariyo: UPI: 1/03/09/03/308 uherereye mu Mujyi wa Kigali, Akarere ka Kicukiro, Umurenge wa Niboye, Akagari ka Nyakabanda, Umudugudu w’Inyarurembo, UPI: 1/01/01/06/108 na UPI: 1/01/01/06/109 iherereye mu Mujyi wa Kigali, Akarere ka Nyarugenge, Umurenge wa Gitega, Akagari ka Kora 1 Acte de marriage yatanzwe n’Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge wa Mageragere, ku wa 14/08/2013

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ndetse n’ishyamba riri mont Kigali ribaruye kuri UPI: 2124. Mu mitungo isabirwa kuzungurwa harimo kandi n’umutungo ungana na 96.400.000 Frw x 2 :192.800.000 Frw akomoka ku bukode bw’amazu abazwe kugeza igihe urubanza ruzarangirira n’indishyi mbonezamusaruro zikomoka ku mutungo w’ababyeyi abarega bavuga ko wihariwe n’abaregwa. [25] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza ko hari imitungo yagurishijwe na buri ruhande haba mu barega n’uwagobotse ndetse n’abaregwa, harimo umutungo wagurishijwe n’abana ba Kankindi Marie bagurisha Murenzi Théoneste ubaruwe kuri UPI: 1/03/09/03/1204, umutungo wagurishijwe na Mwanayire Jeanne d’Arc n’abana be bagurisha UPI: 1/03/09/03/573 yaguzwe Nkurunziza Emmanuel na UPI: 1/03/09/03/449 yaguzwe na Sunday Francis nawe awugurisha Bapfakurera Robert ndetse n’umutungo wari uwa Ngoboka Jean wari uherereye Nyagatovu, Kimironko munsi ya hôtel le Printemps wari warahawe abakomoka kuri Nikuze Ancille nk’uruhare rwe ugurishwa n’umuhungu we Ngoga Jean-Paul ugurwa na Rucibigango Robert. [26] Mu rubanza RCA0060/15/HC/KIG rwaciwe ku wa 24/03/2016, Urukiko Rukuru rwagaragaje ko nta kimenyetso cyagaragajwe n’abarega cyemeza ku buryo budashidikanywaho ko imitungo isabirwa kuzungura Nikuze Ancille yayishakanye na Ngoboka Jean, runavuga ko imitungo itimukanwa yari iy’abagore ba Ngoboka Jean kuko aribo bayiguze, ndetse haba mu kuyigura no kuyigurisha Ngoboka Jean akaba yarasinyaga nk’umugabo (témoin), rushimangira imikirize y’urubanza RC0125/14/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge ku wa 13/01/2015, ko hakwiye kuzungurwa umutungo wari uwa NgobokaJean bwite, ugizwe n’ishyamba n’amazu abiri ari mu Gakinjiro, naho igipangu kirimo amazu abiri na annexes biri Niboye-Kicukiro, bikaguma mu maboko y’abana Ngoboka Jean yabyaranye na Kankindi Marie. [27] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga mbere yo gusesengura ibibazo bindi bigize urubanza, rukwiye kubanza kugaragaza Itegeko rigomba gushingirwaho mu icibwa ry’uru rubanza, bityo hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 100 ndetse n’iya 101 z’Itegeko Nº 27/2016 ryo ku wa 08/07/2016 rigenga imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe, impano n’izungura ryavuzwe haruguru, itegeko rigomba gukoreshwa muri uru rubanza akaba ari Itegeko Nº 27/2016 ryo ku wa 08/07/2016 rigenga imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe, impano n’izungura hashingiwe ku kuba izungura ryafunguwe guhera ku itariki ya 1 Ukwakira 1990, ariko igabana rikaba ritaraba rizakorwa hakurikijwe iri Tegeko, ibyo bikaba bishimangirwa n’uko Nikuze Ancille izungura rye ryatangiye mu mwaka wa 1994 ubwo yitabaga Imana azize Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi naho Ngoboka Jean rikaba ryaratangiye mu 2000 kuko nawe aribwo yitabye Imana kandi igabana rikaba ritari ryaba. [28] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga hakurikijwe ikibazo Urukiko rwagejejweho hakwiye no kubanza gusobanurwa imitungo Nikuze Ancille afiteho uburenganzira nk’umugore w’isezerano wa Ngoboka Jean, ari nawo ugomba kuzungurwa n’abana be nk’uruhare rwa nyina, ndetse n’uburenganzira bw’abandi bana bakomoka ku bandi bagore babanye na Ngoboka Jean mu buryo budakurikije amategeko ku mitungo basangiye na Ngoboka Jean n’uburyo wazungurwa. [29] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga Nikuze Ancille ari we wari umugore w’isezerano nk’uko bigaragazwa n’icyemezo cy’ubushyingiranwe cyo ku wa 14/08/2013, nyamara akaba yari atakibana n’umugabo we kuva mu mwaka wa 1975 kugeza yitabye Imana mu mwaka wa 1994 azize Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, byumvikana ko nta ruhare yigeze agira mu gushaka indi mitungo yabonetse

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nyuma y’aho atandukaniye na Ngoboka Jean mu mwaka wa 1975, bityo, n’ubwo nta Rukiko rwigeze rubatandukanya, kuba igihe cyose bamaze batabana nta wongeye kugira aho ahurira n’undi mu guteza imbere umutungo bari basangiye, bikwiye kumvikana ko buri wese yakomeje gukora ukwe yireba ku giti cye nk’aho batari bagisangiye inyungu nk’umugore n’umugabo, ku bw’ibyo, igihe abashakanye batagisangiye inshingano zo guteza imbere umutungo bahuriyeho ku bushake bwabo, mu mwanya w’ivangamutungo rusange bikwiye guhinduka bagafatwa nk’aho bagengwa n’ivanguramutungo kugira ngo hatazagira uwitwaza ivangamutungo rusange agatwara igice cy’umutungo washatswe n’undi kuko aramutse agize uruhare ku byo atashatse, haba habayeho kwikungahaza nta mpamvu (enrichissement sans cause) cyangwa agafata ibyemezo bibangamira urundi ruhande. Uyu ni nawo murongo watanzwe n’urubanza RS/REV/INJUST/CIV0007/15/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwemeje ko mu gihe abashyingiranwe bitandukanyije bagabana umutungo wari uriho igihe batandukanaga2. [30] Ku birebana n’imvugo z’abarega n’uwagobotse ku bushake bashaka kumvikanisha ko kuba Nikuze Ancille yari yarashyingiranywe byemewe n’amategeko na Ngoboka Jean bihagije ko abamukomokaho bagira uruhare rwa kimwe cya kabiri (½) ku mitungo yose ya Ngoboka Jean kuko batatandukanyijwe n’inkiko, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nta shingiro byahabwa kuko hashingiwe ku byasobanuwe mu gika kibanziriza iki, kuba Ngoboka Jean na Nikuze Ancille baritandukanyije bakareka kubana kuva mu mwaka wa 1975 kugeza ubwo Nikuze Ancille yitaba Imana mu mwaka wa 1994, buri wese akaba yakomeje gukora ibye nta ruhare mugenzi we abigizemo, umwe aramutse agize uruhare mu byo urundi ruhande rwakoze kandi nta ruhare yabigizemo, byaba bibaye kwikungahaza nta mpamvu, bityo imitungo buri wese yabonye guhera mu mwaka wa 1975, ubwo barekaga kubana ikaba ikwiye kuba iya buri wese ku giti cye, ku bw’ibyo umutungo Nikuze Ancille yari asangiye na Ngoboka Jean akaba ari uwo bari bafitanye kugeza muri uwo mwaka wa 1975, akaba ari nawo gusa afiteho uburenganzira bwo kubonaho icya kabiri (½) nk’umugabane we ndetse akaba ari nawo ugomba kuzungurwa n’abana be nk’uruhare rwa nyina. [31] Ku birebana n’uburenganzira bw’abandi bagore babiri ba Ngoboka Jean aribo Mwanayire Jeanne d’Arc na Kankindi Marie bafite ku mutungo uburanwa, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga n’ubwo atari abagore b’isezerano, bigaragara ko batangiye kubana na Ngoboka Jean nyuma y’uko atari akibana na Nikuze Ancille kugeza ubwo Ngoboka Jean yitabaga Imana mu mwaka wa 2000 kandi muri icyo gihe cyose babanye bakaba barafatanyaga mu gushaka imwe mu mitungo iburanwa. [32] Ku birebana n’uburenganzira bw’ababanaga batarasezeranye mu buryo bukurikije amategeko, ingingo ya 39 y’Itegeko N° 59/2008 ryo ku wa 10/09/2008 rikumira kandi rihana ihohoterwa iryo ari ryo ryose rishingiye ku gitsina ivuga ko umugabo cyangwa umugore wabanaga n’abagore cyangwa n’abagabo benshi, ushaka gusezerana n’umugabo cyangwa n’umugore umwe, ikanavuga ko ariko muri icyo gihe babanza kugabana ku buryo bungana umutungo bari bafitanye cyangwa bahahanye mbere y’uko asezerana. [33] Mu rubanza RS/Inconst/Pen.0003/10/CS rwaciwe ku wa 07/01/2011 ku kirego cyatanzwe na Gatera Johnson na Kabalisa Teddy bavuga ko ingingo ya 39 y’Itegeko N° 59/2008 ryo ku wa 2 Urubanza n° RS/REV/INJUST/CIV0007/15/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 04/12/2015 haburana NYIRAKAMANA n’abandi v. MUKASHARANGABO n’abandi, igika cya 27.

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10/09/2008 ryavuzwe inyuranyije n’Itegeko Nshinga, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwasobanuye ko igihe ababanaga nk’umugabo n’umugore batarashyingiranywe bahagaritse kubana, kugira ngo bagabane umutungo bagomba kuba bari bawufitanye cyangwa barawushakanye; rwanasobanuye ko kugira uburenganzira ku mutungo bidashingiye gusa ku mpamvu y’uko abantu babanye nk’umugabo n’umugore batarashyingiranywe, ahubwo ko bigomba kuba bigaragara ko hari umutungo bafitanye cyangwa bafatanyije gushaka3. [34] Mu rubanza RS/INCONST/SPEC 00002/2019/SC rwaciwe ku wa 04/12/2019 ku kirego cyatanzwe na GLIHD, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwasobanuye ko n’ubwo mu rubanza n° RS/Inconst/Pen.0003/10/CS rutasubije ku buryo bw’umwihariko ku kibazo cy’uburenganzira bw’abatandukanye batagamije gushaka kuko atari cyo rwari rwaregewe, ariko ko rwasobanuye ko ishingiro ry’ukugabana kw’abari basanzwe babana ari uko nyine bafite umutungo bari basangiye cyangwa bashakanye, ko bikwiye kwerekana ko n’ababanaga batandukanye batagamije gushaka bashobora guhera kuri kiriya gisobanuro bakumva ko nabo ruriya rubanza rwabahaye uburenganzira bwo kugabana umutungo basangiye n’abo babanagaga nk’umugore n’umugabo kabone n’ubwo umwe muri bo yaba atagiye gushyingirwa. [35] Na none mu rubanza RCAA 0014/15/CS rwaciwe ku wa 07/12/2017, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwasobanuye ko mu kugabana umutungo w’ababanaga nk’umugabo n’umugore batarashyingiranywe mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko, atari ngombwa ko buri wese agomba kugaragaza ingano (quantité) y’ibyo yakoze kugira ngo umutungo ubeho cyangwa ngo yerekane ibyo yawushyizeho kugira ngo wiyongere agaciro, ahubwo uwo mutungo ugomba kuba warabonetse muri cya gihe kidashidikanywaho bombi babanaga kuko icya ngombwa ari uko muri iyo mibanire buri wese aba afite ibyo akora mu guteza imbere urugo kabone n’iyo umwe muri bo atabasha kugaragaza mu buryo burondoye (details) ibyo yakoze kugira ngo uboneke cyangwa utubuke4. [36] Hashingiwe ku bimaze gusobanurwa haruguru, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga iyi ngingo ya 39 y’Itegeko n° 59/2008 ryo ku wa 10/09/2008 ryavuzwe haruguru, ndetse n’izi manza zaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga byumvikanisha uburenganzira bw’umwe mu babanaga batarasezeranye ku igabana ry’umutungo bashakanye bituma umutungo washatswe cyangwa wongerewe n’abantu babana utikubirwa n’umuntu umwe, ikagaragaza mu buryo budashidikanywaho ko bagomba kuwugabana mu buryo bungana waba uzanywe n’umugore cyangwa umugabo kabone n’ubwo baba batagiye gutandukana. [37] Ku birebana n’uru rubanza, ibimaze gusobanurwa byumvikanisha ko abagore bandi babiri ba Ngoboka Jean aribo Mwanayire Jeanne d’Arc na Kankindi Marie nabo bafite uburenganzira ku mutungo bashakanye cyangwa bari bafitanye na Ngoboka Jean kuva batangiye kubana nk’umugore n’umugabo, bivuze ko imitungo Ngoboka Jean asangiye na buri mugore udakwiye kuba umwihariko w’umwe ngo witwe uwa Ngoboka Jean gusa cyangwa uw’umwe mu bagore be, ahubwo Ngoboka Jean akaba awusangiye na buri mugore bafatanyije kuwushaka, Urukiko 3 Urubanza RS/Inconst/Pén. 0003/10/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 07/01/2011 ku kirego cyatanzwe na GATERA Johnson na KABALISA Teddy, igika cya 5. 4 Urubanza n° RCAA 0014/15/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 07/12/2017 haburana Mutoni K. Jackline na NIWENSHUTI na MUKAMBUGUJE, igika cya 35.

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rw’Ubujurire rukaba rugomba rero gukosora ikosa ryakozwe n’Urukiko Rukuru aho rwafashe ko imitungo Ngoboka Jean yari yarahaye abagore be batari ab’isezerano, rukayihereza kuri abo bagore gusa ngo igabanwe n’abana ba buri mugore, hatabayeho kugena uruhare Ngoboka Jean yari ayifiteho ngo maze urwo ruhare narwo rugabanwe n’abana bose bakomoka kuri Ngoboka Jean. [38] Ku birebana n’uburyo umutungo uburanwa Ngoboka Jean yari atunganye na buri mugore wazungurwa, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga hakurikijwe uko byasobanuwe haruguru n’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 76, agace ka 2o y’Itegeko nº 27/2016 ryo ku wa 08/07/2016 ryavuzwe haruguru, buri mutungo Ngoboka Jean yashakanye na buri mugore ugomba kugabanywamo kabiri (2), ubundi buri mwana akuzungura umubyeyi we; bivuze ko imitungo iburanwa igomba kugabanywamo 2 hakagaragazwa igice cya Ngoboka Jean n’icya buri mugore batunganye uwo mutungo, ubundi buri mwana akazungura umubyeyi we, ku bw’ibyo abana Nikuze Ancille yabyaranye na Ngoboka Jean bakaba bafite uburenganzira bwo kuzungura kimwe cya kabiri (½) cy’umutungo Ngoboka Jean yari atunganye na Nikuze Ancille kugeza mu mwaka wa 1975 nk’uruhare rwa nyina, ndetse bakagira n’uburenganzira bwo kuzungura bafatanyije n’abana bose bakomoka kuri Ngoboka Jean uruhare rwa se Ngoboka Jean rwasigaye kuri kimwe cya kabiri (½) cy’imitungo yari atunganye na Nikuze Ancille, ndetse n’imitungo Ngoboka Jean yatunganye na Mwanayire Jeanne d’Arc na Kankindi Marie nayo kimwe cya kabiri (½) cyayo kigomba kugabanwa n’abana bose ba Ngoboka Jean nk’uruhare rwe, naho ikindi kimwe cya kabiri (½) cyayo kikagabanwa n’abana yabyaranye na buri mugore (Mwanayire Jeanne d’Arc na Kankindi Marie). [39] Ku birebana no kumenya imitungo Nikuze Ancille yari afitanye na Ngoboka Jean kugeza ubwo barekaga kubana mu mwaka wa 1975, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga abarega n’uwagobotse batagaragaza urutonde rw’imitungo yari ihari icyo gihe, ariko mu iburanisha ryo ku wa 15/06/2021, Muteteri Germaine akaba yarabwiye Urukiko ko Ngoboka Jean na Nikuze Ancille bashakaniye mu isambu iherereye kuri mont Kigali iri kuri UPI: 2124 igizwe n’ishyamba, ku bw’ibyo rero Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rukaba rusanga uwo mutungo ubaruwe kuri UPI: 2124, ugomba kugabanywamo kabiri, kimwe cya kabiri (½) kigahabwa abana ba Nikuze Ancille nk’uruhare rwa nyina naho kimwe cya kabiri (½) kindi kikagabanywa ku buryo bungana abana bose ba Ngoboka Jean naho Ngoga Jean-Paul witabye Imana agahagararirwa n’abazungura be. [40] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga kandi hari imitungo yanditse kuri Ngoboka Jean wenyine igizwe na UPI: 1/03/09/03/308 uherereye mu Mujyi wa Kigali, Akarere ka Kicukiro, Umurenge wa Niboye, Akagari ka Nyakabanda, Umudugudu w’Inyarurembo, UPI: 1/01/01/06/108 na UPI: 1/01/01/06/109 iherereye mu Mujyi wa Kigali, Akarere ka Nyarugenge, Umurenge wa Gitega, Akagari ka Kora, kandi ikaba itagaragarizwa ibimenyetso byerekana igihe iyo mitungo yabonekeye cyangwa se umugore baba barayitunganye cyangwa baba barafatanyije kuyishaka, ku buryo yagabanwa mu buryo bumaze gusobanurwa haruguru. Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga kugira ngo izungura kuri iyo mitungo rikorwe mu buryo buboneye, haba ku bana basizwe na Nikuze Ancille cyangwa aba Mwanayire Jeanne d’Arc na Kankindi Marie, abana bose ba Ngoboka Jean bakwiye kugabana iyo mitungo yanditse kuri Ngoboka Jean mu buryo bungana naho Ngoga Jean-Paul witabye Imana agahagararirwa n’abazungura be. [41] Ku birebana no kumenya imitungo Kankindi Marie na Mwanayire Jeanne d’Arc bahahanye na Ngoboka Jean n’uburyo yazungurwa, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga n’ubwo nta rutonde

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rwayo rugaragazwa n’ababuranyi, bigaragara ko imitungo yagiye igurishwa na buri mugore cyangwa abana bamukomokaho ari iyo Ngoboka Jean yabaga yaramweguriye, bityo ikaba ikwiye gufatwa nk’aho ari iyo yagiye ashakana na buri mugore ikazungurwa hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 39 y’Itegeko N° 59/2008 ryo ku wa 10/09/2008 ryavuzwe. Ibyo kuba ari imitungo Ngoboka Jean yabaga yarashakanye na buri mugore bishimangirwa n’uko ubwo amasezerano y’ubugure bw’imwe mu mitungo yagiye igurishwa Ngoboka Jean yari akiriho, ariko ntayatambamire cyangwa ikagurishwa ahari agasinya nk’umuhamya aha twavuga ubugure bw’inzu yo ku wa 21/08/1996 yabaye hagati ya Mwanayire Jeanne d’Arc na Nyirinkindi Jean-Marie Vianney muri aya masezerano Ngoboka Jean yari ahari akanasinya nk’umuhamya. [42] Ku birebana n’imitungo yagurishijwe n’uburyo yazungurwamo, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga abana ba Kankindi Marie baragurishije umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI: 1/03/09/03/1204, Mwanayire Jeanne d’Arc n’abana be bagurisha umutungo ugizwe n’igipangu cyaje gucibwamo imitungo ibaruwe kuri UPI: 1/03/09/03/573 na UPI: 1/03/09/03/449, naho Ngoga Jean-Paul akaba yaragurishije umutungo wari uwa Ngoboka Jean wari uherereye Nyagatovu, Kimironko munsi ya hôtel le Printemps wari warahawe abakomoka kuri Nikuze Ancille nk’uruhare rwe, amafaranga avuyemo ayagura imodoka, nayo nyuma iza kugurishwa na bashiki be (Mukangoga Marie-Louise na Mugiramana Rosine) kuko yakomokaga ku ruhare rwa nyina, ibyo byumvikanisha ko buri ruhande mu baburana (abarega, uwagobotse ku bushake ndetse n’abaregwa) rufite umutungo rwagurishije, kandi nta rundi ruhande rubigizemo uruhare; rurasanga kandi iyo mitungo yari ikwiye kuzungurwa mu buryo bwasobanuwe haruguru aho iyo mitungo yakagabanyijwemo kabiri, maze kimwe cya kabiri (½ ) kigatwarwa n’umwe mu bagore ba Ngoboka Jean, naho ikindi kimwe cya kabiri (½) kikaba uruhare rwa Ngoboka Jean kikanazungurwa n’abana bamukomokaho bose. Urukiko rushingiye ku kuba nta muburanyi wagaragaje ko hari uruhande rwagurishije imitungo myinshi cyangwa ifite agaciro kanini kurenza urundi; mu rwego rwo gukemura ikibazo mu buryo buboneye no kwirinda guhungabanya umudendezo w’abawuguze nta buryarya hirindwa n’izindi manza zavuka kuko abawuguze bamwe nabo bagiye bawugurisha abandi batagobokeshejwe muri uru rubanza, ku bw’ibyo mu izungura buri ruhande rugomba guherezwaho uwo mutungo rwagurishije. [43] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, rushingiye ku kuba nta rutonde ruhari rugaragaza imitungo yose Nikuze Ancille yari asangiye na Ngoboka Jean kugeza igihe barekaga kubana mu mwaka wa 1975, uretse ishyamba Muteteri Germaine yasobanuriye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ko ari ryo batunganye, rushingiye kuba nta rutonde rw’imitungo Mwanayire Jeanne d’Arc na Kankindi Marie bahahanye na Ngoboka Jean guhera igihe babaniye kugeza igihe Ngoboka Jean apfiriye, uretse iyo bigaragara ko bagurishije bashingiye ko ariyo Ngoboka Jean yari yarabeguriye, bivuze ko rero iyo mitungo ariyo bari barahahanye, rushingiye kandi ku kuba hari imitungo buri ruhande rw’abarega, uwagobotse ku bushake ndetse n’abaregwa bagiye bagurisha nta ruhare abandi babigizemo nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru, rushingiye ku kuba nta gaciro kagaragajwe n’abarega, uwagobotse ku bushake cyangwa abaregwa k’imitungo yagurishijwe na buri ruhande ngo Urukiko rube rwagashingiraho rugena uruhande rwaba rwaragurishije umutungo ufite agaciro kanini cyangwa gato n’icyo yagombye gusubiza abandi bazungura, rurasanga imitungo ikomoka kuri Ngoboka Jean ikwiye kugabanwa mu buryo bukurikira:

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Ku mitungo yagurishijwe, buri ruhande rukwiye guherezwaho mu izungura umutungo rwagurishije, ni ukuvuga abana ba Kankindi Marie bagaherezwaho mu izungura umutungo bagurishije ubaruye kuri UPI: 1/03/09/03/1204, abana ba Mwanayire Jeanne d’Arc bagaherezwaho igipangu bagurishije cyaje kugabanywamo umutungo ubaruwe kuri UPI: 1/03/09/03/573 na UPI: 1/03/09/03/449 naho abana ba Nikuze Ancille bagaherezwaho umutungo Ngoga Paul yagurishije wari uherereye Nyagatovu, Kimironko munsi ya hôtel le Printemps wari warahawe abakomoka kuri Nikuze Ancille nk’uruhare rwe, kuko amafaranga yavuyemo yaguzwe imodoka nayo nyuma iza kugurishwa na bashiki be (Mukangoga Marie-Louise na Mugiramana Rosine); Umutungo ubaruwe kuri UPI: 2124 ugizwe n’ishyamba riherereye kuri mont Kigali, Ngoboka Jean yari yarahahanye na Nikuze Ancille kugeza muri mwaka wa 1975, ugomba kugabanywamo kabiri, kimwe cya kabiri (½) kigahabwa abana ba Nikuze Ancille nk’uruhare rwa nyina, naho ikindi kimwe cya kabiri (½) kikagabanywa ku buryo bungana abana bose ba Ngoboka Jean bariho na Ngoga Jean-Paul wapfuye agahagararirwa n’abazungura be; Imitungo igizwe na UPI: 1/03/09/03/308 uherereye mu Mujyi wa Kigali, Akarere ka Kicukiro, Umurenge wa Niboye, Akagari ka Nyakabanda, Umudugudu w’Inyarurembo, UPI: 1/01/01/06/108 na UPI: 1/01/01/06/109 iherereye mu Mujyi wa Kigali, Akarere ka Nyarugenge, Umurenge wa Gitega, Akagari ka Kora byanditse kuri Ngoboka Jean wenyine ikagabanwa ku buryo bungana n’abana bose bamukomokaho, naho Ngoga Jean-Paul wapfuye agahagararirwa n’abazungura be. [44] Ku birebana no kugabana umutungo ungana na 96.400.000 Frw x 2:192.800.000Frw ukomoka ku bukode bw’amazu yihariwe na bamwe, hamwe n’indishyi mboneza musaruro zikomoka ku mutungo w’ababyeyi abarega bavuga ko wihariwe n’abaregwa, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ibisabwa n’abaregwa bitahabwa ishingiro kuko abarega uretse kubivuga gusa, nta kimenyetso bagaragaje cyerekana amazu akodeshwa n’ingano y’amafaranga y’ubukode nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 12 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi ivuga ko “Urega agomba kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’ibyo aregera. Iyo abibuze, uwarezwe aratsinda”. [45] Hashingiwe ku bimaze gusobanurwa mu bika bibanziriza iki, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga Urukiko Rukuru rwarakoze amakosa ku birebana no kugena imitungo izungurwa n’uburyo ikwiye kuzungurwamo aho rwemeje ko imitungo iburanwa yari iy’abagore ba Ngoboka Jean, rukemeza ko izungurwa n’abana b’abo bagore ba Ngoboka Jean bonyine, nyamara rutagaragaje ko nta ruhare rwa Ngoboka Jean rurimo n’uburyo rwazungurwa nyamara bigize icyaregewe, bityo icyemezo cyarwo kikaba kigomba guhinduka, imitungo yagurishijwe igaherera kuri buri ruhande rwayigurishije, abana Nikuze Ancille yabyaranye na Ngoboka Jean bakazungura kimwe cya kabiri (½) cy’umutungo ubaruwe kuri UPI: 2124 ugizwe n’ishyamba riherereye kuri mont Kigali Ngoboka Jean yari atunganye na Nikuze Ancille kugeza mu mwaka wa 1975 nk’uruhare rwa nyina, ndetse bakanazungura bafatanyije n’abana bose bakomoka kuri Ngoboka Jean uruhare rwa se Ngoboka Jean rwasigaye kuri kimwe cya kabiri ( ½) cy’imitungo yari atunganye na Nikuze Ancille, naho imitungo yanditse kuri Ngoboka Jean wenyine ikazungurwa

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n’abana be bose bamukomokaho bakiriho, maze Ngoga Jean-Paul wapfuye agahagararirwa n’abazungura be. Kumenya amaherezo y’amasezerano yakozwe na bamwe mu bazungura ku mutungo wa NGOBOKA Jean. [46] Me Mugenzi Elie, uhagarariye abajuriye, avuga ko hari imitungo ya Ngoboka Jean yagurishijwe n’abagore ba Ngoboka Jean batari ab’isezerano ndetse n’abana babakomokaho, nta ruhare abana bavuka ku mugore w’isezerano (Nikuze Ancille) babigizemo, ko rero ayo masezerano akwiye guteshwa agaciro imitungo ikagarurwa mu muryango ikazungurwa ku buryo bungana kandi ko ibyo ari byo abarega basabye Urukiko bashingiye ku masezerano yagurishije amazu y'umuryango wa Ngoboka Jean. [47] Me Murera Paulin, uhagarariye Ngoga Placide wagobotse ku bushake mu rubanza, avuga ko imitungo yagurishijwe yagarurwa mu muryango ikagabanywa hakurikijwe amategeko, ndetse ko ariyo mpamvu bifuje ko abagobokeshejwe mu rubanza barugumamo kugira ngo nihagira igihinduka bakimenye. Akomeza avuga ko imitungo yagurishijwe ari umutungo waguzwe na Murenzi Théoneste kuri 15.000.000Frw, uwaguzwe na Bapfakurera Robert, ndetse n’abandi. [48] Me Francis Nzayisenga, uhagarariye bamwe mu baregwa bagaragajwe haruguru, avuga ko iyo mitungo ari iy’abagore bandi ba Ngoboka Jean kubera ko aribo yari yanditseho, ndetse no mu kuyigurisha Ngoboka Jean akaba yaragiye abasinyira nk’umuhamya. [49] Me Mugenzi Olivier, uhagarariye Mutamuliza Macline, Uwera Cyuzuzo, Mushimire Dusenge Didier, Musabirema Jackson, avuga ko amasezerano nta nenge afite kuko imitungo yagurishijwe n’abana yari yanditse kuri ba nyina, akaba ntaho ihuriye na Ngoboka Jean, ko n’uwo Urukiko rwasanze wari uwa Ngoboka Jean wagurishijwe 15.000.000Frw, rwategetse ko ugabanywamo 3, abakomoka kuri Nikuze Ancille bagahabwa 5.000.000Frw. Asoza asaba Urukiko ko hagumaho imikirize y’urubanza rujuririrwa. [50] Me Muhirwa Ngabo Audace, uhagarariye Murenzi Théoneste, avuga ko mu manza zaciwe, ntacyo bavuze ku mutungo uwo ahagarariye yaguze, ahubwo ko ari mu rubanza kubera amasezerano y’ubugure, asobanura ko yaguze nta buryarya, ko yaguze n’abari bafite ububasha bwo kugurisha, kandi ko yaguze hari n’Ubuyobozi, ndetse ko yakoze ibyo yagombaga gukora biteganywa n’amategeko byose. [51] Murenzi Théoneste yasobanuriye Urukiko ko aho yaguze ari hirya y’ahahoze Alpha Palace Hôtel, ko ubwo yaguraga nta byangombwa bigaragaza nyir’ubutaka byabagaho, ko mu kugura yasinyishije Abayobozi b’Umudugudu n’ab’Akagari anabaza niba aho hantu nta bibazo bigendanye n’imanza za Gacaca birimo, bamubwira ko ntabyo, ndetse ko yagura n’abahagurisha nta kibazo, arangije arahagura, ko ahagura harimo amazu akuze, arahavugurura ahashyira inzu ifite amagorofa 7 (7 niveaux). [52] Muteteri Germaine, umwe mu bana ba Ngoboka Jean, akaba yaragize uruhare mu kugurisha Murenzi Théoneste uwo mutungo yasobanuriye Urukiko ko imitungo ya Ngoboka Jean yose nta byangombwa yabaga ifite, ko mu kugurisha na Murenzi Théoneste byakozwe n’abana bakomoka kuri Kankindi Marie na Ngoboka Jean, kandi ko mbere yo kuwugurisha bari babisabwe

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n’Abayobozi kugurisha kuko amazu yari yarasenyutse kandi badafite ubushobozi bwo kuyasana, ko yabibwiye Mukangoga Marie-Louise ko bagiye kuhagurisha we arabyanga avuga ko uwo mutungo ari uwa nyina wasezeranye mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko, ko bamaze kuhagurisha bose bagabanye amafaranga, ariko Mukangoga Marie-Louise we arayanga maze ayagombaga kuba uruhare rwe nayo barayagabana, ko ariko bahaye umugore wa Ngoga Jean-Paul5 (nyina wa Ngoga Placide wagobotse) amafaranga 2.000.000Frw nk’uruhare rw’Umugabo we, asobanura ko abana bakomoka kuri Mwanayire Jeanne d’Arc bo batabahaye ku mafaranga bagurishije uwo mutungo kuko hari undi mutungo ukomoka kuri NGOBOKA Jean nabo bari baragurishije ntibabaha. [53] Me Mucyo Donatien, uhagarariye Bapfakurera Robert, avuga ko uwo ahagarariye nta kimureba muri uru rubanza, uretse ubujurire bwuririrye ku bundi yatanze, avuga ko mbere hose yagiye asobanura ko nta mpamvu akwiye kugobokeshwa mu rubanza kuko imitungo atunze atayiguze na bene Ngoboka Jean, ahubwo ko yayiguze na Sunday Francis kandi akaba yari afite ibyangombwa bigararagaza ko ari umutungo we, ko kandi yaguze mu buryo bukurikije amategeko, ndetse anakorerwa n’ihererekanya ry’ubutaka kandi byose babanje kubireba, avuga ko hakabaye haragobokeshejwe Sunday Francis aho kuba ariwe bazana mu rubanza. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [54] Ingingo ya 113, igika cya 1, y’Itegeko Nº 45/2011 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano iteganya ko amasezerano agira inkurikizi ku bayagiranye gusa; ntabangamira undi kandi amugirira akamaro gusa mu biteganyijwe bijyanye no gusezerana ibifitiye undi akamaro. [55] Ingingo ya 113 ivuzwe haruguru isubiramo ihame risanzwe rizwi mu mategeko ryerekeye “effet relatif des contrats / relative effect of contracts”, ntisobanura uko bigenda igihe amasezerano abantu bagiranye abangamiye undi utarayagizemo uruhare. Abahanga mu mategeko bagiye batanga ibisobanuro birambuye kuri iki kibazo, ariko ibisobanuro bigarukwaho by’umwihariko muri uru rubanza, ni ibirebana n’amasezerano y’ubugure, igihe hari ugaragaza ko icyagurishijwe ari icye cyangwa agifiteho uruhare, kandi atarabaye muri ayo masezerano6. [56] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza ko amasezerano abarega n’uwagobotse basaba ko aseswa ari amasezerano y’ubugure bw’inzu yo ku wa 21/08/1996 yabaye hagati ya Mwanayire Jeanne d’Arc na Nyirinkindi Jean-Marie Vianney, muri aya masezerano Ngoboka Jean akaba yari umugabo (témoin), amasezerano y’ubugure bw’inzu yo ku wa 10/12/2000 yabaye hagati ya Nkurunziza Emmanuel na Mwanayire Jean d’Arc amasezerano y’ubugure bw’inzu yo ku wa 04/06/2007 yabaye hagati ya Murenzi Théoneste na bamwe mu bana ba Ngoboka Jean n’amasezerano yabaye hagati ya Bapfakurera Robert na Sunday Francis. Abarega n’uwagobotse bakavuga ko iyo mitungo bayifiteho uruhare ariko yagurishijwe nta ruhare babigizemo. [57] Ku birebana n’uko bigenda igihe icyagurishijwe gisangiwe n’uwagurishije ndetse n’abandi, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga abahanga mu mategeko barasobanuye ko iyo umwe mu basangiye umutungo awugurishije aba agarushije igice cy’ikintu cy’undi ariko ko amasezerano y’ubugure aba 5 Umugore wa NGOGA Jean Paul ntiyabaye umuburanyi muri uru rubanza 6 Ibisobanuro byatanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza RCAA00045/2016/SC rwo ku wa 24/05/2019, igika cya 26

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afite agaciro ku ruhare uwagurishije yari afite kuri uwo mutungo, bakomeza bagaragaza ko ku kindi gice kirenga ku ruhare rwe, ayo masezerano agira agaciro yose hashingiwe ku buryo igabana ryagenze, ko iyo, uwagurishije yeguriwe umutungo wose, amasezerano akomeza kugira agaciro kayo yose nk’aho yawugurishije ari uwe wose, naho mu gihe yaba ataweguriwe wose, bigafatwa ko yagurishije ikintu cy’undi ariko ko ayo masezerano nayo adateshwa agaciro “n’est pas nulle”, ariko akaba atagira ingaruka ku bandi basangiye icyagurishijwe “inopposable aux autres indivisaires”7. [58] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ku birebana n’uru rubanza amasezerano y’ubugure yagiye aba ku mitungo iburanwa yaragiye akorwa abayifiteho uburenganzira bose batabigizemo uruhare, ariko bikaba bidaha ububasha bwo gutesha agaciro ayo masezerano abatarayagize uruhare mu ikorwa ryayo kuko amasezerano agira inkurikizi ku bayagiranye gusa na cyane ko Urukiko rwasanze imitungo yagurishijwe na buri mugore cyangwa abamukomokaho ari iyo buri mugore yari yarashakanye na Ngoboka Jean, rurasanga kandi nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru mu rwego rwo gukemura ikibazo mu buryo burambye no kwirinda guhungabanya umudendezo w’abawuguze nta buryarya hirindwa n’izindi manza zavuka kuko bamwe mu bawuguze nabo bagiye bawugurisha abandi batagobokeshejwe muri uru rubanza, ko aho kugira ngo iyo mitungo itatu yamaze kugurishwa n’impande uko ari eshatu zivugwa muri uru rubanza (uruhande rwa Nikuze Ancille, uruhande rwa Mwanayire Jeanne d’Arc n’uruhande rwa Kankindi Marie) igaruzwe maze uruhare rwa buri mugore rujye ruzungurwa n’abana be, naho uruhare rwa Ngoboka Jean yashakanye na buri mugore rugabanywe n’abamukomokaho bose, ahubwo byaba bihuje n’ubutabera buboneye buri ruhande mu izungura, ruherejweho umutungo rwagurishije cyane ko ababurana bose batigeze bagaragariza Urukiko agaciro k’imitungo yagurishijwe ngo harebwe niba nta ruhande rwagurishije umutungo ufite agaciro kanini kurenza ak’urundi ruhande; bityo rero hashingiwe ku byagaragajwe n’abahanga ko mu gihe icyagurishijwe gisangiwe n’abantu benshi amasezerano yagikozweho agira agaciro yose mu gihe cy’igabana iyo icyagurishijwe cyose cyeguriwe uwakigurishije, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rukaba rusanga kuba rweguriye buri ruhande umutungo rwagurishije bituma amasezerano buri ruhande rwakoze kuri iyo mitungo agumana agaciro kayo yose uko yakabaye, bityo akaba atagomba guseswa cyangwa guteshwa agaciro nk’uko bisobanurwa n’abahanga mu mategeko bavuga uko bigenda mu gihe icyagurishijwe gisangiwe n’uwagurishije ndetse n’abandi, ko icyo gihe ayo masezerano agira agaciro nibura ku ruhare rw’uwagurishije, ariko akagira agaciro yose mu gihe cy’igabana, iyo icyagurishijwe cyose cyeguriwe uwakigurishije. [59] Hashingiwe ku bimaze gusobanurwa mu bika bibanziriza iki, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga amasezerano yakozwe ku mitungo yagurishijwe yavuzwe haruguru, agomba kugumana agaciro kayo, bityo icyemezo cy’Urukiko Rukuru kuri iyi ngingo kikaba kigomba guhinduka kuko rwari rwemeje ko umutungo wagurishijwe Murenzi Théoneste wari uwa Ngoboka Jean rutegeka abagurishije kugarura 15.000.000Frw bakiriye nyuma akagabanywamo 3 abakomoka kuri Nikuze 7 Le coindivisaire qui vend seul la chose indivise vend en partie la chose d’autrui, …Quelle est la portée de cette vente, évidemment inopposable aux indivisaires ? Tout d’abord elle vaut au moins pour la part indivise du vendeur et n’est donc nulle. Pour le surplus, tout dépend du partage qui interviendra entre les indivisaires si la chose vendue est attribuée à l’indivisaire vendeur, celui-ci est reputé en être propriétaire d’origine par l’effet déclaratif du partage, et la vente sera donc valable. Si elle ne lui est pas attribuée, il aura bien cédé la chose d’autrui: “la cession d’un bien indivis qui n’a été consentie par tous les coïndivisaires n’est pas nulle, elle est simplement inopposable aux autres indivisaires et son efficacité est subordonée au résultat du partage”, Alain BENABENT, Droit civil: Les contrats spéciaux civils et commerciaux, 7ème édition, Montchretien, 2006, p. 26, n° 29.

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Ancille bagahabwa 5.000.000Frw nyamara rutategetse ko abandi bagurishije indi mitungo bayigarura nayo ngo igabanywe buri wese mu bazungura abone uburenganzira bwe. Kumenya niba ababuranyi bahabwa indishyi basaba [60] Abarega bose hamwe barasaba ko Urukiko rutegeka abaregwa kubishyura 10.000.000rw y'igihembo cya Avoka, ikurikiranarubanza n'indishyi z'akababaro za 15.000.000Frw nk'uko bakomeje kubisaba na mbere kuko bashowe mu manza n'abaregwa bigabije ibitari ibyabo. [61] Ngoga Placide arasaba ko Urukiko rutegeka abaregwa kumusubiza igihembo cya Avoka cya 2.000.000Frw na 50.000Frw y'ingwate y'amagarama yatanze muri uru rubanza kubw'ibikorwa byabo byo kwigarurira imitungo izungurwa, ndetse bakanga ko izungurwa rikorwa neza nta manza. [62] Abaregwa bose, kubera gukomeza gushorwa mu manza z’amaherere, basaba ko Urukiko rwategeka abajuriye gutanga indishyi zo gukomeza gushorwa mu manza zingana na 5.000.000Frw, igihembo cya Avoka kingana na 3.000.000Frw, yiyongera kuyo baciwe hamwe n’amafaranga 1.000.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza. [63] Bapfakurera Robert asaba Urukiko gutegeka abaregwa kumuha indishyi z'akababaro zingana na 10.000.000Frw, n'igihembo cya Avoka wamuburaniye guhera mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye kugeza mu Rukiko rw'Ikirenga, kingana na 3.250.000Frw. [64] Nyirinkindi Jean-Marie Vianney na Nkurunziza Emmanuel basaba indishyi z'akababaro zihwanye na 3.000.000Frw kuri buri wese kubera ko bazanywe mu rubanza yari yakuwemo, 2.000.000Frw y'ikurikiranarubanza, 1.500.000Frw y'igihembo cya Avoka kubera gushorwa mu manza ku maherere. [65] Murenzi Théoneste avuga ko yashowe mu manza ku maherere, kandi yaraguze na ba nyir’umutungo, byamuteye igihombo, akaba abisabira indishyi z'akababaro za 500.000Frw, amafaranga y'ikurikiranarubanza 1.000.000Frw n'ay'igihembo cya Avoka kuva urubanza rutangiye angana na 3.000.000Frw. [66] Abarega n’uwagobotse bavuga ko indishyi zisabwa n’abaregwa n’abagobokeshejwe nta shingiro zifite, naho abaregwa n’abagobokeshejwe bakavuga ko indishyi zisabwa n’abarega n’uwagobotse nta shingiro zifite. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [67] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 28/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza mbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko: “Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ari ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo“. [68] Ku byerekeye amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga haba abarega, uwagobotse ndetse n’abaregwa mu rubanza, nta muburanyi ugomba guhabwa amafaranga asaba kuko buri ruhande rufite ibyo rutsindira n’ibyo rutsindirwa,

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aho abarega n’uwagobotse batsindira uruhare rwabo ku mitungo ya Ngoboka Jean, ariko bagatsindirwa ku byerekeye ingano yabyo, naho abaregwa bakaba batsindira uruhare rwabo bagomba kugenerwa ku ruhande rwa ba nyina. [69] Ku byerekeye amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka asabwa n’abagobokeshejwe kandi, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga bayakwiye, ariko kubera ko ayo basaba ari umurengera agenwe mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko, rurasanga abagobokeshejwe bose bakwiye guhabwa igihembo cya Avoka kingana na 500.000Frw na 200.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza kuri buri wese, uretse Nyirinkindi Jean-Marie na Nkurunziza Emmanuel bahuje Avoka bagomba guhabwa bombi igihembo cya Avoka kingana na 500.000Frw na 200.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza. Naho ku byerekeye abagomba kwishyura abagobokeshejwe ayo mafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga agomba gutangwa na Mukangoga Marie- Louise na Mugiramana Rosine kuko aribo babazanye mu rubanza nyamara bitari ngombwa. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [70] Rwemeje ko ubujuririre bwa Mukangoga Marie-Louise na Mugiramana Rosine bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe; [71] Rwemeje ko kugoboka kwa Ngoga Placide gufite ishingiro kuri bimwe; [72] Rwemeje ko mu izungura ry’imitungo yagurishijwe, buri ruhande ruherezwaho umutungo rwagurishije, bityo n’amasezerano y’ubugure yakozwe kuri iyo mitungo yasabirwaga guseswa, akaba agumanye agaciro kayo; [73] Rutegetse ko umutungo ubaruwe kuri UPI: 2124 ugizwe n’ishyamba riherereye kuri mont Kigali, Ngoboka Jean yahahanye na Nikuze Ancille ugomba kugabanywamo kabiri, kimwe cya kabiri (½) kigahabwa abana ba Nikuze Ancille nk’uruhare rwa nyina naho kimwe cya kabiri kindi (½) kikagabanywa ku buryo bungana abana ba Ngoboka Jean bose maze Ngoga Jean-Paul wapfuye agahagararirwa n’abazungura be; [74] Rutegetse ko imitungo igizwe na UPI: 1/03/09/03/308 uherereye mu Mujyi wa Kigali, Akarere ka Kicukiro, Umurenge wa Niboye, Akagari ka Nyakabanda, Umudugudu w’Inyarurembo, UPI: 1/01/01/06/108 na UPI: 1/01/01/06/109 iherereye mu Mujyi wa Kigali, Akarere ka Nyarugenge, Umurenge wa Gitega, Akagari ka Kora yanditse kuri Ngoboka Jean wenyine igabanwa ku buryo bungana n’abana bose bamukomokaho bakiriho, naho Ngoga Jean-Paul wapfuye agahagararirwa n’abazungura be; [75] Rutegetse Mukangoga Marie-Louise na Mugiramana Louise gufatanya kwishyura 500.000Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 200.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza buri wese mu bagobokeshejwe aribo Murenzi Théoneste na Bapfakurera Robert no guha 500.000Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 200.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza Nyirinkindi Jean-Marie Vianney na Nkurunziza Emmanuel kuko bahuje Avoka. [76] Ruvuze ko amagarama yatanzwe ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza.