MUKANSANGA v. UMUTONI N’ABANDI

# MUKANSANGA v. UMUTONI N’ABANDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2014-05-23 - Case/document no.: RCAA 0022/11/CS - Collection: Supreme Court

## Text

## Page 1

MUKANSANGA v. UMUTONI N’ABANDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA – RCAA 0022/11/CS (Mukamulisa M., P.J., Gatete G. na Hitiyaremye, J.) 23 Gicurasi 2014] Amategeko y’umuryango – Izungura rikurikije umuco – Igihe izungura ritangirira – Ikigomba gukoreshwa hagati y’umuco n’itegeko n° 22/99 ryo ku wa 12/11/1999 ryuzuza igitabo cya mbere cy’urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano kandi rishyiraho igice cya gatanu cyerekeye imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe, impano n’izungura – Izungura ritangira iyo uzungurwa apfuye, kandi itariki y’urupfu rwe niyo baheraho bagena urutonde rw’abazungura n’ingano y’umutungo ugomba kuzungurwa – Mu izungura ry’umutungo w’umuntu wapfuye mbere y’uko itegeko n° 22/99 ryo ku wa 12/11/1999 ryuzuza igitabo cya mbere cy’urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano kandi rishyiraho igice cya gatanu cyerekeye imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe, impano n’izungura rijyaho, hagomba kwiyambazwa amategeko y’umuco yariho icyo gihe – Amategeko y’umuco ntiyemereraga umugore kuzungura umugabo, ahubwo yamwemereraga guhabwa ibimutunga iyo umugabo yabaga amaze gupfa, umutungo usigaye akawucungira abana kugeza bakuze – Umutungo wose wasizwe na nyakwigendera ugomba kuzungurwa n’abana bose yasize ku buryo bungana hatitawe ku babyawe n’umugore wa mbere cyangwa uheruka. Amategeko y’imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano – Ibirego bishya ku rwego rw’ubujuririre – Ingingo itaraburanweho mu rubanza rujuririrwa ntiyakirwa mu bujurire kuko iberego bishya mu rwego rw’ubujurire bibuzanyijwe – Itegeko n° 21/2012 ryo kuwa 14/06/2012 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 168. Incamake y’ikibazo: Urubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gicumbi, abana Cakadende Jean Baptiste yabyaranye na Mukangarambe Christine mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko aribo Umutoni Marie Jeanne, Uwanjye Marie Odette, Uwacu Marie Claire na Cakadende Jean Claude, barega Mukansanga Béatrice basaba izungura ku mutungo wa se. Uyu Mukansanga Béatrice nawe yari yarashakanye na Cakadende Jean Baptiste kuwa 19/01/1995 nyuma y’urupfu rw’umugore we wa mbere kuwa 12/02/1992 banabyarana abana babiri ari bo Cakadende Jean Paul na Cakadende Marie Vianney. Uru rukiko rwemeje ko abarega batsindiye izungura basabye ariko batsindirwa uko rikozwe kuko uko basabaga kugabana bidakurikije amategeko, naho Mukansanga atsindiwe igabana, ariko akaba atsindiye uburyo rikozwemo. Abarega bajuririye Urukiko Rukuru maze rwemeza urutonde rw’umutungo ugomba kuzungurwa ugizwe n’inzu yo kubamo iri ku Ruyaga, Akagari ka Gacurabwenge, Umurenge wa Byumba; inzu y’ubucuruzi iri ku Gisuma, imodoka ifite plaque RAA 836 I n’umwenda wayo wa Rwanda Revenue Authority, ishyamba riri ahitwa i Muhondo, amafaranga ibihumbi magana atatu (300.000) Mukansanga yahawe na SORAS ngo asane inzu

## Page 2

yari yagonzwe, ibikoresho byo mu nzu bigizwe n’ibitanda, intebe, televiziyo na “magneto” ndetse na “cuisinière” kandi ko ugomba kugabanywa abazungura bose ku buryo bungana. Uregwa Mukansanga Béatrice ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza maze arujuririra mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga avuga ko Urukiko rwirengagije ko yari yarashakanye na Cakadende mu buryo bw’ivangamutungo, ko na we yari afite uruhare ku mutungo uzungurwa. Abaregwa na bo batanze ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bavuga ko abana ba Mukansanga bagenewe umugabane w’ikirenga ndetse na Mukansanga akaba atarahererejweho umutungo yagurishije nta burenganzira abifitiye. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Izungura ritangira iyo uzungurwa apfuye, kandi itariki y’urupfu rwe niyo baheraho bagena urutonde rw’abazungura n’ingano y’umutungo ugomba kuzungurwa. 2. Mu izungura ry’umutungo w’umuntu wapfuye mbere y’uko itegeko n° 22/99 ryo ku wa 12/11/1999 ryuzuza igitabo cya mbere cy’urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano kandi rishyiraho igice cya gatanu cyerekeye imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe, impano n’izungura rijyaho, hagomba kwiyambazwa amategeko y’umuco yariho icyo gihe. Ayo mategeko ntiyemereraga umugore kuzungura umugabo, ahubwo yamwemereraga guhabwa ibimutunga iyo umugabo yabaga amaze gupfa, umutungo usigaye akawucungira abana kugeza bakuze bakawuzungura. 3. Umutungo wose wasizwe na nyakwigendera ugomba kuzungurwa n’abana bose yasize ku buryo bungana hatitawe ku babyawe n’umugore wa mbere cyangwa uheruka, bityo Mukansanga agomba guhabwa 20 % y’umutungo wose wasizwe na Cakadende, Umutoni Marie Jeanne agahabwa 16,6 %, Uwanjye Marie Odette agahabwa 16,6 %, Uwacu Marie Claire agahwabwa 16,6 % na Cakadende Jean Claude agahabwa 16,6 % aba bose akaba ari abana Cakadende yabyaranye n’umugore we wa mbere, naho Cakadende Nshizirungu Jean Paul na Cakandende Marie Vianney, buri wese agahabwa 6,6%. 4. Ingingo itaraburanweho mu rubanza rujuririrwa ntiyakirwa mu bujurire kuko ibirego bishya mu rwego rw’ubujurire bibuzanyijwe. 5. Ku birebana n’amafaranga Mukansanga yahawe na SORAS angana n’ibihumbi magana atatu (300.000) yo gusana inzu, Urukiko rurasanga aya mafaranga agomba kujya mu mitungo igomba kugabanywa kuko Mukansanga atagaragaza icyo yayakoresheje. 6. Ku birebana n’umutungo Mukansanga yagurishije, yari afite uburenganzira busesuye bwo gucunga umutungo Cakadende yasize nyuma yo gupfa, muri uko kuwucunga hakaba harimo no gukemura ibibazo byose byo mu rugo, harimo n’inshingano yo kurera abana yasigaranye, bityo kuwugurisha akaba atanabitangira indishyi kuko umutungo wakoreshejwe Mukansanga yuzuza inshingano yari yarahawe n’urukiko.

## Page 3

7. Ku birebana n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy‘avoka ndetse n’ay’indishyi z’akababaro ntagomba gutangwa ku rwego rw’ubujurire mu gihe hari ibyo Mukansanga atsindiye. Ubujurire bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe. Ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe. Amagarama y’urubanza aherereye ku baburanyi bose. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko n° 21/2012 ryo kuwa 14/06/2012 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 168. Nta manza zifashishijwe. Inyandiko z’abahanga zifashishijwe: C., Jubault, Droit Civil - Les successions - Les libéralités, édition Montchrestien, 2005, p. 37, § 59. N., Ruhashyankiko, Le Droit Coutumier Rwandais et Africain, janvier 1977, p. 187, section III : Ouverture de la succession. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Umutoni Marie Jeanne, Uwanjye Marie Odette, Uwacu Marie Claire na Cakadende Jean Claude, babyawe na Cakadende Jean Baptiste na Mukangarambe Christine mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko. Uyu Mukangarambe yaje gupfa ku itariki ya 12/02/1992, nyuma y’aho ku itariki ya 19/01/1995 Cakadende Jean Baptiste ashaka undi mugore witwa Mukansanga Béatrice mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko. Cakadende Jean Baptiste nyuma na we yaje gupfa ku itariki ya 24/3/1997 asiga abyaranye abana babiri (2) n’umugore wa kabiri, ari bo Cakadende Jean Paul na Cakadende Marie Vianney. [2] Abana b’umugore wa mbere ari bo Umutoni Marie Jeanne, Uwanjye Marie Odette, UWACU Marie Claire na Cakadende Jean Claude baje kutumvikana na Mukansanga Béatrice ku mitungo yasizwe na Cakadende Jean Baptiste, maze batanga ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gicumbi basaba kuyizungura.

## Page 4

[3] Uru rukiko rwaciye urubanza RC 0049/08/TGI/GIC ku wa 15/07/2009, rwemeza ko Umutoni Marie Jeanne, Uwanjye Marie Odette, Uwacu Marie Claire na Cakadende Jean Claude batsindiye izungura basabye, ko ariko batsindiwe uko rikozwe kuko uko basabaga kugabana bidakurikije amategeko, ko Mukansanga atsindiwe igabana, ariko akaba atsindiye uburyo rikozwemo. Rwategetse kandi Mukansanga na Umutoni Marie Jeanne, Uwanjye Marie Odette, Uwacu Marie Claire na Cakadende Jean Claude gufatanya gutanga amagarama y’urubanza angana na 13.500 Frw, buri wese agatanga amafaranga angana n’ibihumbi bibiri na magana arindwi (2.700). [4] Umutoni Marie Jeanne, Uwanjye Marie Odette, Uwacu Marie Claire na Cakadende Jean Claude ntibishimiye imikirize y’urubanza maze barujuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru. Uru Rukiko rwaciye urubanza RCA 0149-0152/09/HC/KIG kuwa 14/01/2011 rwemeza kandi rutegeka ko umutungo Cakadende Jean Baptiste yasize ugihari ugomba kuzungurwa ari: inzu yo kubamo iri ku Ruyaga, Akagari ka Gacurabwenge, Umurenge wa Byumba; inzu y’ubucuruzi iri ku Gisuma, imodoka ifite plaque RAA 836 I n’umwenda wayo wa Rwanda Revenue Authority, ishyamba riri ahitwa i Muhondo, amafaranga ibihumbi magana atatu (300.000) Mukansanga yahawe na SORAS ngo asane inzu yari yagonzwe, ibikoresho byo mu nzu bigizwe n’ibitanda, intebe, televiziyo na “magneto” ndetse na “cuisinière”. [5] Urukiko rwategetse ko iyi mitungo igomba kugurishwa, amafaranga avuyemo agakurwamo ayishyura umwenda wa Rwanda Revenue Authority, asigaye akagabanywa ku buryo bungana abana Cakandende Jean Baptiste yasize ari bo Umutoni Marie Jeanne, Uwanjye Marie Odette, Uwacu Marie Claire, Cakadende Jean Claude, Cakadende Nshizirungu Jean Paul na Cakadende Marie Vianney. Rwanategetse ko mu gihe kubigabana bitashoboka bitewe n’uko biteye kubera ko Cakadende Jean Paul na Cakadende Marie Vianney batari buzuza imyaka y’ubukure, uruhare rwabo ruzahabwa nyina Mukansanga Béatrice agakomeza kurubacungira kugeza bageze igihe cyo kuzungura. [6] Uru rukiko kandi rwategetse Mukansanga Béatrice guha Umutoni Marie Jeanne, Uwanjye Marie Odette, Uwacu Marie Claire na Cakadende Jean Claude amafaranga ibihumbi magana abiri (200.000 Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka wababuraniye, agatanga kandi n’amafaranga ibihumbi makumyabiri n’umunani na magana inani (28.800) y’amagarama y’urubanza. [7] Mukansanga Béatrice ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza maze arujuririra mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga avuga ko Urukiko rwirengagije ko yari yarashakanye na Cakadende mu buryo bw’ivangamutungo, ko na we yari afite uruhare ku mutungo uzungurwa. [8] Abaregwa na bo batanze ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bavuga ko abana ba Mukansanga bagenewe umugabane w’ikirenga ndetse na Mukansanga akaba atarahererejweho umutungo yagurishije nta burenganzira abifitiye.

## Page 5

[9] Iburanisha mu ruhame ryabaye ku itariki ya 22/4/2014, Mukansanga Béatrice ahari yunganiwe na Me Munyandatwa Nkuba Milton naho Umutoni Marie Jeanne, Uwanjye Marie Odette, Uwacu Marie Claire na Cakadende Jean Claude baburanirwa na Me Mbera Ferdinand. II. IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYABYO. A. Kumenya niba MUKANSANGA hari uruhare yagombaga kugira ku mitungo ya Cakadende. [10] Me Nkuba Milton wunganira Mukansanga Béatrice avuga ko Urukiko rwirengagije ko Mukansanga Béatrice ashyingiranwa na Cakadende Jean Baptiste basezeranye ivangamutungo bakabyarana abana babiri, ndetse agasigara arera abo Mukangarambe Christine yasize amaze gupfa, izo nshingano zose akaba yarazujuje nk’umubyeyi abana bose abarera kimwe nta vangura hagati yabo. Akomeza avuga ko na Mukansanga yagize uruhare mu gushaka umutungo usabirwa kuzungurwa, ko kuba rero Urukiko rwarategetse ko umutungo wose ukiriho ugomba kugurishwa, akava no mu nzu kandi hari abana yabyaranye na Cakadende Jean Baptiste batarageza ku myaka y’ubukure, byaba ari ukumuvutsa uburenganzira bwe. [11] Mukansanga Béatrice avuga ko hari umwenda yafashe kwa Masumbuko Aloys wa 1.409.000 Frw kugira ngo imodoka ijye muri “contrôle technique” ariko Urukiko ntirwabiha agaciro kugira ngo na wo ubarwe mu bigomba kugabanywa, akavuga ko Urukiko rwagiye rufata ibintu bitari mu mutungo wa Cakadende rukavuga ko bigomba kugabanywa kandi ntabyo yamusanganye, muri ibyo avugamo nka telefoni yo mu nzu, “magnéto”, réfrigérateur na televiziyo, akavuga ko yabishakanye na Cakadende Jean Baptiste kuko ibyo bari bafite mbere byazimiye mu gihe cya jenoside. Asoza avuga ko Urukiko rutahaye agaciro ibisobanuro yatanze ku mafaranga yahawe na SORAS yagombaga gusana inzu yashenywe n’imodoka. [12] Me Mbera Ferdinand uburanira abaregwa avuga ko kuba Mukansanga Béatrice avuga ko Urukiko rwirengagije ko ari umugore w’isezerano wa Cakadende atari byo, ko ahubwo ingingo ya 70 y’itegeko ryo mu 1999 ivuga ko umugore w’isezerano atazungura, ko acungira umutungo abazungura. Kuvuga ko umutungo yawushakanye na Cakadende, abaregwa bavuga ko mu gushakana na Mukansanga Béatrice, Cakadende yagombaga gufata ¼, agacungira abana yabyaranye na Mukangarambe ¾, bakavuga ko ubu Mukansanga yihariye 4/4 aho gucungira kuri ¼ yasanganye Cakadende bavanga imitungo, hakaba rero nta kuntu umwana wa Mukansanga Béatrice akwiye kunganya umugabane n’uwa Mukangarambe Christine kuko yaba amuteye kuri ¾ by’umutungo atawufiteho uburenganzira, Urukiko rukaba rwarabahaye ibyo badakwiye. [13] Ku birebana n’inzu yo guturamo, Me Mbera avuga ko inzu yasigaye ari imwe, kandi abana ba Mukansanga bakaba batayikeneye kuko batayibamo ahubwo abayikeneye ari abo Cakadende yabyaranye na Mukangarambe kuko batagira aho baba bitewe n’uko izindi Mukansanga yazigurishije.

## Page 6

[14] Ku bijyanye n’umwenda wafashwe kwa Masumbuko ungana na 1.409.000 Rwf wakoreshejwe ku modoka, Me Mbera avuga ko Urukiko rwasanze nta shingiro bifite kuko n’iyo modoka yakoreraga amafaranga kandi akaba ari Mukansanga wayikoreshaga, ikaba yarashoboraga rero kwikoresha kuko bitabaye ibyo ntacyo yari kuba imaze, ko Mukansanga atakwitwaza imicungire ye mibi ngo ajye kugira ibyo asaba Urukiko. [15] Ku birebana n’amafaranga ibihumbi magana atatu (300.000) Mukansanga yahawe na SORAS yo gusana inzu, Me Mbera Ferdinand avuga ko na we ubwe yivugira ko atayakoresheje icyo yayaherewe ari na byo umucamanza yahereyeho ategeka ko ajya mu bigomba kuzungurwa, ko ibisobanuro bindi yasanze nta shingiro bifite. [16] Ku birebana n’imitungo igomba kugurishwa Mukansanga avuga ko itari mu byo Cakadende yigeze atunga, Me Mbera avuga ko iyo mitungo ari we n’abo aburanira bayibwiye Urukiko mu kuburana, Mukansanga akaba ntacyo yigeze ayivugaho, ko hatabayeho gushaka kuyihisha yose ikaba igomba gushyirwa mu bigomba kugabanwa. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA. [17] Ingingo ya 49, igika cyayo cya kabiri, y’itegeko n° 22/99 ryo ku wa 12/11/1999 ryuzuza igitabo cya mbere cy’urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano kandi rishyiraho igice cya gatanu cyerekeye imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe, impano n’izungura, iteganya ko izungura ritangira iyo umuntu amaze gupfa. Ibi byemezwa kandi n’abahanga mu mategeko barimo Henri de Page na René Dekkers mu gitabo cyitwa «Droit Civil Belge, T.9, Les successions, 2ème éd., Bruxelles, 1974, p.41, aho bavuga ko izungura rifungurwa iyo uzungurwa apfuye (la succession s’ouvre par le décès), n’undi witwa Christian Jubault mu gitabo cyitwa Droit Civil - Les successions - Les libéralités uvuga ko izungura ritangira iyo uzungurwa apfuye, ko itariki y’urupfu ari yo baheraho bagena urutonde rw’abazungura n’ingano y’umutungo ugomba kuzungurwa (La succession s’ouvre par la mort. La date du décès, nous le savons, fixe la liste des successibles et arrête un état de la composition du patrimoine...)1 no mu muco nyarwanda akaba ari ko byari bimeze nk’uko byemezwa na Bwana Nicodème Ruhashyankiko mu gitabo yise Le Droit Coutumier Rwandais et Africain aho avuga ko impamvu zituma hatangira izungura atari nyinshi, ko abantu yabajije bose bemeje ko urupfu ari rwo rutuma hababo izungura. Akavuga ko hari n’abandi bake bagiye bavuga izindi mpamvu nko kuzimira, ubumuga n’ubusaza2. [18] Ku birebana n’uru rubanza, Urukiko rurasanga mu izungura ry’umutungo wa Cakadende Jean Baptiste wapfuye mu 1997 itegeko ryavuzwe haruguru ritarajyaho atari ryo rigomba gukoreshwa, ahubwo hagomba kwiyambazwa amategeko y’umuco yariho icyo gihe, ayo 1 Christian Jubault, Droit Civil - Les successions - Les libéralités, édition Montchrestien, 2005, p. 37, § 59. 2 Kureba : Nicodème Ruhashyankiko, Le Droit Coutumier Rwandais et Africain, janvier 1977, p. 187, section III : Ouverture de la succession.

## Page 7

mategeko akaba ataremereraga umugore kuzungura umugabo, ahubwo akaba yaramwemereraga guhabwa ibimutunga iyo umugabo yabaga amaze gupfa, umutungo usigaye akawucungira abana kugeza bakuze. [19] Urukiko rurasanga umutungo wasizwe na Cakadende ugomba kuzungurwa ugizwe n’inzu yo kubamo iri ku Ruyaga, Akagari ka Gacurabwenge, Umurenge wa Byumba, inzu y’ubucuruzi iri ku Gisuna, imodoka ifite plaque RAA 836 I n’umwenda wayo wa Rwanda Revenue Authority, ishyamba riri ahitwa i Rwasama n’irindi riri ahitwa i Muhondo, amafaranga ibihumbi magana atatu (300.000) Mukansanga yahawe na SORAS ngo asane inzu yari yagonzwe n’imodoka, ibikoresho byo mu nzu bigizwe n’ibitanda, intebe, televiziyo na “magnéto” ndetse na “cuisinière”. [20] Kubera iyo mpamvu Urukiko rurasanga, umutungo wose wasizwe na Cakadende nk’uko umaze kuvugwa ugomba kuzungurwa n’abana yasize ku buryo bungana, abo akaba ari Umutoni Marie Jeanne, Uwanjye Marie Odette, Uwacu Marie Claire, Cakadende Jean Claude, Cakadende Nshizirungu Jean Paul na Cakadende Marie Vianney. [21] Urukiko rurasanga nyamara ariko hashingiwe ku mategeko y’umuco, hanitawe kandi ku ruhare Mukansanga yagize mu gushaka umutungo Cakadende Jean Baptiste yasize, agomba guhabwa ibimutunga muri uwo mutungo, bityo akaba yagenerwa 20 % y’umutungo wose Cakandende yasize, na we igihe azaba atakiriho uyu mutungo akawuzungurwaho n’abana yabyaranye na Cakadende ari bo Cakadende Nshizirungu Jean Paul na Cakadende Marie Vianney. [22] Urukiko rero rurasanga Mukansanga agomba guhabwa 20 % y’umutungo wose wasizwe na Cakadende, Umutoni Marie Jeanne agahabwa 16,6 %, Uwanjye Marie Odette agahabwa 16,6 %, Uwacu Marie Claire agahwabwa 16,6 % na Cakadende Jean Claude agahabwa 16,6 % aba bose akaba ari abana Cakadende yabyaranye n’umugore we wa mbere, naho Cakadende Nshizirungu Jean Paul na Cakandende Marie Vianney, buri wese agahabwa 6,6%. [23] Ku birebana n’amafaranga Mukansanga yahawe na SORAS angana n’ibihumbi magana atatu (300.000) yo gusana inzu, Urukiko rurasanga aya mafaranga agomba kujya mu mitungo igomba kugabanywa kuko mu gihe cy’iburanisha mu Rukiko Rukuru Mukansanga yari yiyemereye ko ayo mafaranga atayasanishije inzu kandi ari cyo SORAS yari yayamuhereye avuga ko yabonaga ari make, ariko ntagaragaza icyo yayakoresheje, akaba rero nayo agomba kujya mu bigomba kugabanywa. [24] Ku bijyanye n’umwenda ungana na 1.409.000 Rwf Mukansanga avuga ko yafashe kwa Masumbuko ngo wo gutuma imodoka ye ijya muri “contrôle technique“, Urukiko rurasanga mu rubanza rujuririrwa iyo ngingo itarigeze iburanwaho, bityo rushingiye ku ngingo ya 168, igika cya mbere, y’itegeko n° 21/2012 ryo ku wa 14/6/2012 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza

## Page 8

z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi ibuza gutanga ibirego bishya ku rwego rw’ubujuririre3, iyo ngingo y’ubujurire ntigomba kwakirwa. B. Ku birebana n’Ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi. [25] Me Mbera uburanira abarega yatanze ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi avuga ko Urukiko rwirengagije ingingo ya 70,8° rugenera abana ba Mukansanga umugabane w’ikirenga, ko aba bana bari kuzungura kuri ¼ cy’umutungo Cakadende yasize, kuko ¾ by’uwo mutungo yabicungiraga abana yari yarabyaranye na Mukangarambe. [26] Indi ngingo y’ubujuririre bwuririye ku bundi Me Mbera atanga, ni iy’uko urukiko rwirengagije guherereza kuri Mukansanga umutungo yagurishije nta nama y’izungura ibimuhereye uburenganzira, amafaranga yavuye muri uwo mutungo akaba atarayakoresheje yita ku nshingano zo kurera abana b’umugabo we Cakadende, aha akavuga nk’ikibanza yagurishije amafaranga yavuyemo abana ntibamenye irengero ryayo. [27] Me Nkuba wunganira Mukansanga avuga ko itegeko ryo mu 1999 ritagomba gukurikizwa uko ryakabaye kuko ritari ririho igihe Cakadende yashakanaga na Mukansanga ndetse n’igihe yapfiriye, ko rero harebwa umuco, cyakora itegeko ryavuzwe rikaba ryakwifashishwa gusa ku bintu bimwe na bimwe. [28] Ku birebana no kuba Mukansanga hari umutungo yagurishije, Me NKUBA avuga ko nta mategeko yarenzeho adasaba uburenganzira inama y’izungura kuko iyo nama itabagaho, hakaba haragendewe ku cyizere yagiriwe kuko n’ubundi yari nyina wabo w’abana ba Cakadende baburana. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [29] Urukiko rurasanga itegeko uburanira abaregwa asaba ko ryakurikizwa atari ryo rigomba gukurikizwa muri uru rubanza ku bijyanye n’uburyo izungura ryagombaga gukorwa kuko ritari ririho ubwo izungura ryatangiraga (ouverture de la succession) nk’uko byasobanuwe hejuru mu bika bya 17 na 18, ahubwo hakurikizwa amategeko y’umuco yariho igihe Cakadende yapfaga, bityo izungura rikaba rigomba gukorwa nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru mu bika bya 21 na 22. [30] Ku birebana n’umutungo Mukansanga yagurishije, Urukiko rurasanga nk’uko byemejwe mu rubanza rujuririrwa, yari afite uburenganzira busesuye bwo gucunga umutungo Cakadende yasize nyuma yo gupfa, muri uko kuwucunga hakaba harimo no gukemura ibibazo byose byo mu rugo, harimo n’inshingano yo kurera abana yasigaranye, hakaba nta kigaragaza ko izo nshingano atazishoje neza kuko ntawigeze abiregera. Ikibazo kikaba cyari kuba iyo aza kugurisha umutungo agamije gukenesha abana cyangwa se mu nyungu ze bwite kandi atabifitiye uburenganzira. 3 Ingingo ya 168, igika cya mbere igira iti : Ku rwego rw’ubujurire ntihashobora kuregerwa ikirego gishya keretse kuregera guhwanya imyenda, cyangwa gutanga ikirego cyo kwiregura ku kirego cy’ibanze cyatanzwe mu rwego rw’ubujurire.

## Page 9

C. Ku birebana n’indishyi zisabwa muri uru rubanza. [31] Me Mbera Ferdinand uburanira abaregwa asaba indishyi mbonezamusaruro zingana na 10.000.000 Frw zikomoka ku mutungo Mukansanga yihariye nk’amashyamba yagiye asarura na we adahakana, inzu y’ubucuruzi ikodeshwa amafaranga ibihumbi ijana na mirongo icyenda na bitanu (195.000) n’ubu agitangwa, n’inzu iri ku Ruyaga ikodeshwa gutyo kuva muri 2008, igihembo cya Avoka cy’amafaranga 700.000 Frw n’indishyi z’akababaro zingana na 4.000.000 Frw. [32] Me Nkuba Milton wunganira Mukansanga, avuga ko indishyi abo baburana basaba zikomoka ku mashyamba yasaruwe na Mukansanga, ibiti byatemwe n’ibindi bavuze, ko byose Mukansanga yabikoresheje mu kurera abana bato no kubishyurira amashuri, akaba asanga izo ndishyi zidakwiye. Ku birebana n’igihembo cya avoka, avuga ko Urukiko rwazazibagenera mu ngano y’uko rusanzwe rubikora nibaramuka batsinze. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [33] Ku birebana n’indishyi zasabwe muri uru rubanza abaregwa bavuga ko zikomoka ku mutungo Mukansanga yikubiye, Urukiko rurasanga izi ndishyi zitatangwa kuko nk’uko byasobanuwe hejuru mu gika cya 30, umutungo wakoreshejwe Mukansanga yuzuza inshingano yari yarahawe n’urukiko. [34] Ku birebana n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya avoka ndetse n’ay’indishyi z’akababaro, Urukiko rurasanga na yo atagomba gutangwa kuri runo rwego mu gihe hari ibyo Mukansanga atsindiye. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [35] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Mukansanga bufite ishingiro ku bijyanye n’umugabane buri mwana ndetse na we ubwe agomba kubona, [36] Rwemeje ko kuba Mukansanga yari umugore w’isezerano wa Cakadende Jean Baptiste agomba guhabwa ibimutunga igihe cyose akiriho ku mutungo umugabo we yasize; [37] Rwemejo ko, nk’uko byari byategetswe mu rubanza rujuririrwa, imitungo Cakadende yasize igomba kuzungurwa ari inzu yo kubamo iri ku Ruyaga, Akagari ka Gacurabwenge, Umurenge wa Byumba, inzu y’ubucuruzi iri ku Gisuna, imodoka ifite plaque RAA 836 I n’umwenda wayo wa Rwanda Revenue, ishyamba riri ahitwa i Rwasama n’irindi riri ahitwa i Muhondo, amafaranga ibihumbi magana atatu (300.000) Mukansanga yahawe na SORAS ngo asane inzu yari yagonzwe n’imodoka, ibikoresho byo mu nzu bigizwe n’ibitanda, intebe, televiziyo na “magnéto” ndetse na cuisinière.

## Page 10

[38] Rwemeje ko iyo mitungo yose igurishwa ikagabanywa mu buryo bukurikira: Mukansanga agomba guhabwa 20 %, Umutoni Marie Jeanne agahabwa: 16,6 %, Uwanjye Marie Odette agahabwa 16,6 %, Uwacu Marie Claire agahabwa 16,6 % na Cakadende Jean Claude agahabwa 16,6 %, Cakadende Nshizirungu Jean Paul agahabwa 6,6 % ndetse na Cakandende Marie Vianny agahabwa 6,6 %. [39] Ruvuze ko urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ruhindutse gusa ku bijyanye n’uburyo igabanwa ry’umutungo wasizwe na Cakadende Jean Baptiste rigomba gukorwa. [40] Rutegetse ababuranyi bose bafatanyije kwishyura amagarama y’urubanza angana n’ibihumbi mirongo ine na bitanu n’amafaranga magana ane (45.400 Frw).