UBUSHINJACYAHA v MUKANSANGA

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v MUKANSANGA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2024-12-20 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00290/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v MUKANSANGA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE - RPAA 00290/2024/CA (Rugabirwa, P.J.) 20 Ukuboza 2024] Amategeko agenga imanza z’inshinjabyaha – Igabanya gihano – Kugabanyirizwa igihano si ihame ndakuka - Urukiko ntirutegetswe kugabanya igihano niyo hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ahubwo rugena igihano mu bushishozi bwarwo rurebye imikorere y’icyaha uregwa akurikiranyweho cyangwa uburyo cyakozwemo. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rukomoka ku bwicanyi bwakozwe na Mukansanga ubwo yahengereye umugabo we witwa Rucamubyuma aryamye amwica akoresheje inyundo, urucyezo n’ifuni amujugunya inyuma y’urugo akajya abwira abaturanyi ko yamubuze. Nyuma abaturage baje kubona uwo murambo hakekwa Mukansanga ko ariwe waba wamwishe, akorerwa dosiye ubushinjacyaha bumurega mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Karongi icyaha cy’ubwicanyi. Mu iburanisha, Mukansanga yabanje guhakana icyaha ariko nyuma aza kucyemera avuga ko yamujijije amakimbirane bari bafitanye. Urukiko rushingiye kuri uko kwemera icyaha no gusaba imbabazi no kuba umubiri wa nyakwigendera warashegeshwe n’ibikoresho byakoreshejwe amwica, rwamukatiye igifungo cy’imyaka 25. Uregwa yajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko Rukuru avuga ko ari ubwa mbere yari akoze icyaha kandi akaba yaraburanye yemera anasaba imbabazi, asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano no gusubikirwa. Urukiko rushingiye ku bugome bwakoreshejwe mu kwica Rucamubyuma aho Mukansanga yamukereye ijosi, rwasanze atakongera kugabanyirizwa igihano ruhamishaho igifungo cy’imyaka 25. Mukansanga ntiyanyuzwe maze ajuririra icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire asaba kugabanyrizwa igihano, uru rukiko rusuzuma ikibazo cyo kumenya niba yakongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano kubera ko yemera icyaha akanagisabira imbabazi. Asobanura ko yaburanye yemera icyaha ku buryo budashidikanywaho kandi ko ari ubwa mbere akoze icyaha ndetse ko afite abana bato 3 bakeneye kurerwa bityo ko akwiye kugabanyirizwa igihano byaba ngombwa kikanasubikwa. Ubushinjacyaha nabwo busanga hashingiwe ku mpamvu uregwa yagaragaje, yagabanyirizwa agahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka 15. Incamake y’icyemezo: Urukiko ntirutegetswe kugabanya igihano niyo hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ahubwo rugena igihano mu bushishozi bwarwo rurebye imikorere y’icyaha uregwa akurikiranyweho cyangwa uburyo cyakozwemo. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Nta mategeko yashingiweho Imanza zifashishijwe: RPAA 0021/14/CS - RPAA 0022/14/CS, Ubushinjacyaha na Uzabakiriho rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 13/10/2017;

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RPAA 00610/2022/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Nahimana Christophe rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 25/09/2024; RPAA 00528/2023/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Murego Charles rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 25/09/2024. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ubushinjacyaha bwakurikiranyeho Mukansanga Verediana icyaha cy’ubwicanyi kubera ko yahengereye umugabo we Rucamubyuma Boniface aryamye amwica akoresheje ibikoresho birimo inyundo, agafuni n’agakerezo, arangije, akururira umurambo we hafi y’urugo awuta aho, ahubwo abeshya abaturage ko yamubuze. Mukansanga Verediana yabanje guhakana icyaha ariko agezaho aburana yemera icyaha anagisabira imbabazi, asobanura ko yamwishe amuziza amakimbirane bari basanganywe. [2] Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Karongi rwaregewe, rushingiye ku kwemera icyaha kwa Mukansanga Verediana, no ku kuba umubiri wa RucamubyuMA Boniface warashegeshwe n’ibikoresho yakoresheje kumwica birimo inyundo, ifuni n`ibindi byanafatiriwe, rwasanze yarakoze icyaha cy’ubwicanyi, ruca urubanza Nº RP 00188/2022/TGI/KNG ku wa 16/05/2022, rwemeza ko Mukansanga Verediana ahamwa n’icyaha cy’ubwicanyi, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 25, aho kuba igifungo cya burundu, kubera ko yemeye icyaha anagisabira imbabazi n’ubwo yagikoranye ubugome bukabije. [3] Mukansanga Verediana yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi, arusaba kumugabanyiriza ibihano birebire yahanishijwe ku rwego rwa mbere kandi yaraburanye yemera icyaha, no kuba aribwo bwa mbere agikoze, asaba gusubikirwa ibihano. [4] Naho uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko uregwa atagabanyirizwa ibihano kubera uburemere bw’icyaha yakoze, ndetse ko atanasubikirwa ibihano. Urwo Rukiko rushingiye ku buremere bw’icyaha cyakozwe na Mukansanga Verediana wambuye ubuzima umugabo we ntacyo amuhoye, akamwica amukereye ijosi, rwaciye urubanza Nº RPA 00220/2022/HC/RSZ rwaciwe ku wa 11/04/2024, rwemeza ko urubanza rwajuririwe rudahindutse, ko igifungo cy’imyaka 25 yahanishijwe kigumyeho. [5] Mukansanga Verediana yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, ubujurire bwe buhabwa Nº RPAA 00290/2024/CA, urubanza ruburanishwa mu ruhame ku wa 05/12/2024, Mukansanga Verediana yunganiwe na Me Mukakalisa Jean d’Arc, naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Mukunzi Faustin, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [6] Mu mwanzuro w’ubujurire no mu miburanire, Mukansanga Verediana n’umwunganira bavuga ko akwiye kongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano kubera ko yemeye icyaha anagisabira imbabazi, kuba aribwo bwa mbere akoze icyaha, no kuba yarasize abana batatu (3) mu rugo badafite ubitaho.

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[7] Naho uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko Mukansanga Verediana atagabanyirizwa igihano cy’imyaka 25 yahawe kubera ubugome bukabije yakoranye icyaha. [8] Urukiko ruhereye kuri izo mpaka, rurasanga ikibazo gikwiye gusuzumwa muri uru rubanza ari icyo kumenya niba Mukansanga Verediana yakongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano kubera ko yemera icyaha akanagisabira imbabazi. II.ISESENGURA RY’IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA Kumenya niba Mukansanga Verediana yakongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano kubera ko yemera icyaha akanagisabira imbabazi. [9] Mukansanga Verediana n’umwunganira bavuga ko hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 49 y’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo kuwa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, iteganya ibishingirwaho mu gutanga igihano, ndetse no ku ngingo ya 2 y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo kuwa 30/08/2018 ryavuzwe, akwiye kongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano birebire yahawe kubera ko yemeye icyaha akanagisabira imbabazi, kuba aribwo bwa mbere akoze icyaha, no kuba yarasize abana batatu (3) mu rugo badafite ubitaho, agahanishwa igihano gito kiri munsi y’imyaka 25 yahawe kugira ngo ajye kurera abo bana yasize mu rugo rwe badafite ubitaho. [10] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko n’ubwo Mukansanga Verediana atagaragaje inenge ziri mu rubanza rujuririrwa kuko yakoranye icyaha ubugome bukabije, ahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 25 kubera ko yemeye icyaha akanagisabira imbabazi, akwiye kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano agahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka 15, kubera ko yemeye icyaha anagisabira imbabazi nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 2 y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 ryavuzwe haruguru, iteganya ko iyo hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, uwari guhanishwa igifungo cya burundu ashobora kugabanyirizwa igihano agahanishwa gifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka 15. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [11] Ikibazo cy’uko Urukiko rudategetswe kugabanya igihano kabone n’iyo hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha cyatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza Nº RPAA 0021/14/CS-Nº RPAA 0022/14/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 13/10/2017 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Uzabakiriho, aho rwasobanuye ko “Urukiko ntirutegetswe kugabanya igihano niyo hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ahubwo rugena igihano mu bushishozi bwarwo rurebye imikorere y’icyaha uregwa akurikiranyweho cyangwa uburyo cyakozwemo”. Uyu murongo ninawo wagiye ushingirwaho mu zindi manza zaciwe n’uru Rukiko nk’urubanza Nº RPAA 00610/2022/CA rwaciwe n’uru Rukiko ku wa 25/09/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nahimana Christophe (igika cya 12). [12] Na none ikibazo cy’uko uregwa atagabanya igihano kubera ubugome bukabije yakoranye icyaha cyatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza Nº RPAA 0021/14/CS - Nº RPAA 0022/14/CS rwaciwe ku wa 13/10/2017 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Uzabakiriho, Uyu murongo ninawo wagiye ushingirwaho mu zindi manza zaciwe n’uru Rukiko nk’urubanza Nº RPAA 00528/2023/CA rwaciwe ku wa 25/09/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Murego Charles.

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[13] Nk’uko bigaragarira muri bika 13-16 by’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rwasobanuye ko igifungo cy’imyaka 25 Mukansanga Verediana yahanishijwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye kigumyeho kubera uburemere bw’icyaha yakoze cyo kwambura ubuzima umugabo we amukereye ijosi ntacyo amuhoye kuko atagaragaza ko uwo mugabo yigeze kumukubita kugira ngo bibe byaba intandaro y’icyaha yakoze. [14] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nk’uko n’Urukiko Rukuru rwabibonye, n’ubwo Mukansanga Verediana akomeje kwemera icyaha akanagisabira imbabazi, atakongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano kubera ubugome bukabije yakoranye icyaha nk’uko byanatanzweho umurongo mu manza nyinshi zirimo urubanza Nº RPAA 0021/14/CS - Nº RPAA 0022/14/CS rwaciwe ku wa 13/10/2017 rwavuzwe haruguru, ubwo yicaga umugabo we akoresheje ibikoresho birimo inyundo, agafuni n’agakerezo, yarangiza kumuca ijosi akajya guta umurambo we hafi y’urugo rwabo, akajya abeshya abaturage ko yamubuze, bityo igifungo cy’imyaka 25 yahanishijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru gikwiye kugumaho kuko gikwiranye n’uburemere bw’icyaha cy’ubwicanyi yakoranye ubugome bukabije nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru. [15] Hashingiwe ku bisobanuwe haruguru, Urukiko rurasanga nta kosa Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Urugereko rwa Rusizi, rwakoze mu kutagabanyiriza Mukansanga Verediana igihano, bivuze ko ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite, bityo hakaba hagumyeho imikirize y’urubana rwajuririwe. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [16] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Mukansanga Verediana nta shingiro bufite. [17] Ruvuze ko imikirize y’urubanza Nº RPA 00220/2022/HC/RSZ rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi, ku wa 11/04/2024, idahindutse, ko igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25) Mukansanga Verediana yahanishijwe n’urwo Rukiko kigumyeho. [18] Rutegetse ko amagarama y’urubanza aherera ku Isanduku ya Leta.