MUNYAMPIRWA v BIMENYIMANA

# MUNYAMPIRWA v BIMENYIMANA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2024-03-26 - Case/document no.: RCA00001/2024/HC/MUS - Collection: High Court

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MUNYAMPIRWA v BIMENYIMANA [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU URUGEREKO RWA MUSANZE – RCA00001/2024/HC/MUS (Gasore, P.J.) 26 Werurwe 2024] Itegeko rigena ububasha bw’Inkiko – Ububasha bw’Urukiko Rwisumbuye – ibirego bitahariwe izindi nkiko – Iyo Urukiko Rwisumbuye ruciye urubanza ku kirego cyo gutesha agaciro irangiza rubanza rukemeza ko rutakiriye ikirego gitesha agaciro cyamunara, ruba ruciye urubanza ku kitararegewe, Bityo, icyo kirego kigomba kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye kuko nirwo rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ibirego bitahariwe kuburanishwa n’izindi nkiko. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiye Munyampirwa arega umuhesha w’inkiko witwa Bimenyimanana mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze asaba gutesha agaciro irangizarubanza ryakozwe ku bwumvikane harangizwa umwanzuro w’abunzi b’akagari ka Buruba № 308. Bimenyimana yatanze inzitizi asaba Urukiko kutakira ikirigo kuko rudafite ububasha n’indi nzitizi yo kuba icyo kirego cyarasuzumwe mu rubanza RC00021/2022/TGI/MUS. Munyampirwa yireguye ku nzitizi avuga ko nta shingiro zifite kuko mu rubanza RC00021/2022/TGI/MUS hateshwaga agaciro umwanzuro ufite nimero 366 naho ku bijyanye n’ububasha bw’Urukiko avuga ko impamvu yaregeye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye ari uko izindi nkiko ngo yazivuyemo. Urukiko mu rubanza RC00055/2022/TGI/ MUS Rwemeje ko rudafite ububasha bwo gusuzuma ikirego cya Munyampirwa cyo gutesha agaciro cyamunara, kuko iyo havutse impamvu ituma habaho ihagarikwa cyangwa iteshwa agaciro rya cyamunara, ikirego gishyikirizwa Urukiko rw’Ibanze rw’aho cyamunara igomba kubera cyangwa yabereye. Rwemeje ko ibyo ari ko bikwiye kugenda ku birego bisaba gutesha agaciro cyangwa guhagarika irangizarubanza ritanyuze muri cyamura kuko byose ikigenderewe aba ari ukurangiza imanza. Munyampirwa ntiyanyuzwe nicyo cyemezo akijuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, avuga ko impamvu z’ubujurire ari uko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze rwavuze ko nta bubasha rufite kandi nyamarara rufite ububasha. Abaregwa mu bujurire bavuze ko ikirego kitagombaga kwakirwa kuko gikomoka ku mpaka zavutse mu irangizwa ry’urubanza. Buri ruhande rwasabye indishyi zinyuranye ku rwego rw’ubujurire. Urukiko mu rubanza RCA00001/2024/HC/MUS rwemeje ko ikirego cya Munyampirwa cyagombaga kwakirwa n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Iyo Urukiko Rwisumbuye ruciye urubanza ku kirego cyo gutesha agaciro irangiza rubanza rukemeza ko rutakiriye ikirego gitesha agaciro cyamunara, ruba ruciye urubanza ku kitararegewe. Bityo, icyo kirego kigomba kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye kuko nirwo rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ibirego bitahariwe kuburanishwa n’izindi nkiko. 2. Indishyi ntizitangwa hatamenyekanye utsinze cyangwa utsinzwe. Bityo, iyo Urukiko rufashe icyemezo ku bujurire bw’inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego rukemeza ko kikomba kwakirwa, Urukiko ruburanisha urubanza mu mizi ni narwa rugomba gusuzuma ikibazo cy’indishyi. Ubujurire ku nzitizi yo kutakira ikirego bufite ishingiro.

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Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N°30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, Ingingo ya 31 Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi Ingingo ya 6, 158 Nta manza zifashishijwe. Urubanza. I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Munyampirwa Celestin yereze umuhesha w’inkiko Bimenyimana Blaise Gaspard na Havugimana Faustin mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze asaba gutesha agaciro irangizarubanza ryo ku wa 11/11/2021 harangizwa umwanzuro wabunzi b’akagari ka Buruba № 308 wo ku wa 1/4/2021. Bimenyimana Blaise Gaspard Umuhesha winkiko w’umwuga yatanze inzitizi asaba Urukiko kutakira ikirigo kuko rudafite ububasha n’indi nzitizi yo kuba icyo kirego cyarasuzumwe mu rubanza RC00021/2022/TGI/MUS. Munyampirwa Celestin yireguye ku nzitizi avuga ko nta shingiro zifite kuko mu rubanza RC00021/2022/TGI/MUS hateshwaga agaciro umwanzuro ufite nimero 366 naho ku bijyanye n’ububasha bw’Urukiko avuga ko impamvu yaregeye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye ari uko izindi nkiko yazivuyemo. [2] Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze rwarasesenguye rusanga hatitawe ku gaciro k’igitezwa cyamunara, ko iyo havutse impamvu ituma habaho ihagarikwa cyangwa iteshwa agaciro rya cyamunara, ikirego gishyikirizwa Urukiko rw’Ibanze rw’aho igomba kubera cyangwa yabereye iyo ari ugutesha gaciro cyamunara. Rwavuze ko ibyo ari ko bikwiye kugenda ku birego bisaba gutesha agaciro cyangwa guhagarika irangizarubanza ritanyuze muri cyamura kuko byose ikigenderewe aba ari ukurangiza imanza. Rwemeje ko rudafite ububasha bwo gusuzuma ikirego cya Munyampirwa Celestin cyo gutesha agaciro cyamunara. [3] Munyampirwa Celestin yajuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rukorera i Musanze. Yavuze ko icyamuteye kujurira ari uko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze rwavuze ko nta bubasha rufite kandi nyamarara rufite ububasha. Abaregwa bavuze ko ikirego kitagombaga kwakirwa kuko gikomoka ku mpaka zavutse mu irangizwa ry’urubanza. Hasabwe indishyi zinyuranye kuri uru rwego rw’ubujurire. Urubanza rwahawe nimero RCA00001/2024/HC/MUS. Rwaburanishijwe ku wa 07/03/2024, Munyampirwa Celestin yunganiwe na Me Ntunzwenimana Cassien, abandi baburanyi biburanira. [4] Urukiko rwasanze muri uru rubanza, hakwiye gusuzumwa ibibazo bikurikira: Kumenya niba hari ikosa ryakozwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye aho rwavuze ko nta bubasha rufite bwo kuburanisha ikirego cyerekeye gutesha agaciro irangizarubanza. Kumenya niba indishyi zasabwe kuri uru rwego rw’ubujurire zikwiye gutangwa. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIRI MU RUBANZA A.Kumenya niba hari ikosa ryakozwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye aho rwavuze ko nta bubasha rufite bwo kuburanisha ikirego cyerekeye gutesha agaciro irangizarubanza.

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[5] Munyampirwa Celestin yavuze ko urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko rubanza ruhindutse mu ngingo zarwo zose. Yavuze ko hakwiye kwemeza ko ikirego gisubizwa mu Rukiko rubanza, kigasuzumwa mu ngingo zacyo zose kuko nta cyamunara yabaye, ahubwo habaye kurengiza urubanza mu buryo busanzwe kandi iyo habayeho kutishimira uburyo urubanza rwarangijwe haregerwa Urukiko Rwisumbuye. [6] Havugimana Faustin yavuze ko ikirego cya Munyampirwa Celestin nta shingiro gifite 5. Hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 21 igika cya 7 y’Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano aho ivuga ko Umwanditsi w’Urukiko adashobora kwandika ikirego mu gihe urega atanze ubujurire ku cyemezo cyafashwe ku mpaka zivutse mu irangiza ry’urubanza, hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’iyi ngingo, ikirego cya Munyampirwa Celestin nticyagakwiye kwakirwa kuko ikirego cye gikomoka ku mpaka zakomotse mu irangizwa ry’urubanza ndetse izo mpaka zikaba zaratejwe na Munyampirwa Celestin. [7] Bimenyimana Blaise Gaspard yavuze ko mu guca urubanza hashingiwe ku kuba ngo harabaye cyamunara kandi nta cyamunara yigeze iba. Icyifuzo cye ni uko urubanza rwasubizwa mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze kugira ngo hasuzumwe icyari cyaregewe. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [8] Impaka ziri muri uru rubanza ni izo kumenya niba icyari cyaregewe ari cyo cyasuzumwe, no kumenya igikwiye gukurikiraho. Ikindi gikwiye gukemuka ni ukumenya niba Urukiko Rwisumbuye ari rwo ruburanisha ku rwego rwa mbere imanza zerekeye gutesha agaciro irangizarubanza ritarimo cyamunara. [9] Ingingo ya 31 y’ Itegeko N°30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko iteganya ko Inkiko Zisumbuye ziburanisha mu rwego rwa mbere imanza zose zitahariwe kuburanishwa n’izindi nkiko. Ingingo ya 6 y’ Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko Ikiburanwa kigenwa n’ibisabwa na buri muburanyi. Ibisabwa bigaragarira mu myanzuro iregera urukiko n’imyanzuro yo kwiregura, bigashimangirwa burundu mu nama ntegurarubanza ku manza iteganyijwemo. Mu iburanisha, umuburanyi ntashobora guhindura ikiburanwa ababuranyi bose batabyemeye. Naho ingingo ya 10 iteganya ko Umucamanza aca urubanza ku cyasabwe cyose kandi kuri icyo cyonyine. [10] Ingingo ya 158 y’ Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko iyo Urukiko rwajuririwe rusanze urubanza rwari rwaregewe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko urukiko rwaruciye ku rwego rubanza rukavuga ko rutakiriwe kandi rwaragombaga kwakirwa, Urukiko rwajuririwe rurarwakira, rukagaragaza ko rwagombaga kwakirwa ku rwego rwa mbere; rukarutesha agaciro maze rukarusubiza Urukiko rwari rwaruciye kugira ngo ruruburanishe mu mizi, nta yindi ngwate y’amagarama itanzwe. [11] Urukiko rurasanga mu gutanga ikirego, Munyampirwa Celestin yarasobanuye ko icyo aregera ari ugutesha agaciro irangizarubanza. Iryo rangizarubanza rikaba ryarabaye nta cyamunara ibayeho, ahubwo umuburanyi yashyikirijwe ibyo yatsindiye. Ibi na Bimenyimana Blaise Gaspard warangije urubanza na we yarabihamije. Mu guca urubanza, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwavuze ko ikirego rwaregewe gisaba gutesha agaciro cyamunara. Rwarasuzumye rusanga kuregera gutesha agaciro cyamunara biregerwa mu Rukiko rw’Ibanze. Rwafashe

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icyemezo cyo kutakira ikirego kuko hashingiwe ku byo rwasuzumye nta bubasha rufite. Ibi bikaba bigaragarira buri wese ko Urukiko rwaciye urubanza ku cyo rutaregewe. Ikindi kandi ibyo Urukiko rwavuze ko gutesha agaciro cyangwa guhagarika irangizarubanza ritanyuze muri cyamura byose ikigenderewe aba ari ukurangiza imanza, bityo ko uko bigenda ku manza zerekeye gutesha agaciro cyamunara ari ko bikwiye kugenda no ku manza zerekeye gutesha agaciro irangizarubanza si byo kuko kuba itegeko ritarabihuje, rigasobanuro gusa aho umuburanyi ushaka gutesha agaciro cyamunara aregera, ni uko Umushingamategeko yari agamije kubitandukanya. Bityo rero, Urukiko Rwisumbuye ni rwo rufite ububasha kuko Inkiko Zisumbuye ziburanisha mu rwego rwa mbere imanza zose zitahariwe kuburanishwa n’izindi nkiko. [12] Urukiko rurasanga kubera ko mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze habayeho kwibeshywa hagafatwa icyemezo ku kitararegewe byatumye hafatwa icyemezo cyo kutakira ikirego kandi cyaragombaga kwakirwa Urukiko rugasuzuma icyagombaga gusuzumwa. Kugereranya ibyo itegeko ritahuje na byo ntibyagombaga gukorwa kuko iyo kuza kuba bikwiye gufatwa kimwe Itegeko ryari kubigaragaza. Kubera iyo mpamvu rero, nk’uko byagaragajwe mu ngingo ya 158 yagaragajwe haruguru, iyo Urukiko rwajuririwe rusanze urubanza rwari rwaregewe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko urukiko rwaruciye ku rwego rubanza rukavuga ko rutakiriwe kandi rwaragombaga kwakirwa, Urukiko rwajuririwe rurarwakira, rukagaragaza ko rwagombaga kwakirwa ku rwego rwa mbere; rukarutesha agaciro maze rukarusubiza Urukiko rwari rwaruciye kugira ngo ruruburanishe mu mizi. [13] Ku bw’ibyo, hakwiye kwemezwa ko uru rubanza rusubira mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze kugira ngo ruburanishwe mu mizi. B.Kumenya niba indishyi zasabwe kuri uru rwego rw’ubujurire zikwiye gutangwa. [14] Munyampirwa Celestin yavuze ko asaba igihembo cya avoka kuli ubu bujurire, kingana na 500.000frw, ikurikirana rubanza ringana na 300.000Frw no gusubizwa igarama. [15] Havugimana Faustin yavuze ko indishyi ndetse n’igihembo cy’ avoka Munyampirwa Celestin yasabye nta shingiro bifite kuko ariwe wishora mu manza. [16] Urukiko rurasanga ibijyanye n’indishyi bidakwiye gufatwaho icyemezo kuri uru rwego kuko hatarasuzumwa imizi y’urubanza kugira ngo hamenyekane utsinze n’utsindwa, bityo Urukiko rubone aho ruhera rumenya ugomba gutanga indishyi. Urukiko ruzafata icyemezo ku mizi y’urubanza ni rwo ruzasuzuma ibijyanye n’indishyi. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [17] Rwemeje ko ikirego cy’ubujurire cyatanzwe na Munyampirwa Celestin gifite ishingiro. [18] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza RC00055/2022/TGI/ MUS rwakijijwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze ku wa 11/12/2023 iteshejwe agaciro. [19] Rwemeje ko uru rubanza rusubira mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze kugira ngo ruruburanishe mu mizi. [20] Rwemeje ko ibijyanye n’indishyi n’amagarama y’urubanza bizasuzumirwa mu mizi y’urubanza.