MUREKATETE N’ABANDI v AKARERE KA RUHANGO

# MUREKATETE N’ABANDI v AKARERE KA RUHANGO

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2023-01-31 - Case/document no.: RADA 00005/2021/HC/NYZ - Collection: High Court

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MUREKATETE N’ABANDI v AKARERE KA RUHANGO [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU, URUGEREKO RWA NYANZA – RADA 00005/2021/HC/NYZ – (Ndagijimana, J. P.) 31 Mutarama 2023] Amategeko agenga ubutaka – Kwimurwa ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange – Kwisubiraho k’uwimura – Uwimura wisubiyeho akareka igikorwa cyo kwimura abantu ku mpamvu z'inyungu rusange kandi imitungo y'abimurwa yaramaze kubarurwa, yishyura indishyi y’atanu ku ijana (5%) y'indishyi ikwiye yari kuzahabwa uwimurwa – Itegeko No 32/2015 ryo ku wa 11/06/2015 ryerekeye kwimura abantu ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange, ingingo ya 37. Incamake y’ikibazo: Abuzukuru ba Mujawamariya bareze Akarere ka Ruhango mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga basaba ko bagategeka kubishyura indishyi zitandukanye kuberako karikemeje kubimura mu mutungo wabo kubera inyungu rusange ariko kaza kwisubiraho. Akarere kisobanuye kavugako ibyo abo bantu bavuga nta gaciro byahabwa kuberako ko bagituye mu butaka bwabo bakaba babufiteho uburenganzira bwose, ndetse n’ubutaka bwabo bwanyujijwemo imihanda butageze kuri 5% y’ubutaka bwose ku buryo babihererwa indishyi. Urwo rubanza rwaraburanishijwe hasuzumwa ibijyanye no kumenya niba abarega barimuwe ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange ku buryo bagenerwa indishyi basaba, urubanza ruciwe urwo Rukiko rutegeka ko ikirego cyabo nta shingiro gifite ku mpamvu zirimo ukuba rwarasobanuye ko ntakigaragaza ko habayeho ubwumvikane ku bijyanye no kwishyura amafaranga y’ingurane ku mutungo wabo. Abarega bajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza, bavuga ko Urukiko rwirengagije amategeko rukanzura ko nta kwimurwa kwabayeho kandi imihango yose yo kubimura ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange yarakozwe Akarere kakisubiraho. Akarere kavuga ko katigeze kimura uwo muryango, abo bazungura bakaba batarigeze babuzwa kugira icyo bahakorera, ko iyo hakenewe kwimura abaturage ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange hakorwa igenagaciro, uribwimurwe atakwemeranya na ryo agakora irindi bigasuzumwa. Ikindi ni uko kugeza n’ubu uwo mutungo wabo bakiwufite ndetse n’ibyangombwa bakaba babifite bigaragara ko uwo mutungo wanditse ku bazungura, ko rero ikirego cyabo nta shingiro gifite. Incamake y’icyemezo: Uwimura wisubiyeho akareka igikorwa cyo kwimura abantu ku mpamvu z'inyungu rusange kandi imitungo y'abimurwa yaramaze kubarurwa, yishyura indishyi y’atanu ku ijana (5%) y'indishyi ikwiye yari kuzahabwa uwimurwa. Bityo, Akarere ka Ruhango kagomba gutanga indishyi ku Bazungura ba Mujawamariya Dative kubera ukwisubiraho nyuma y’uko imitungo yabo yari imaze kubarurwa no gukorerwa igenagaciro. Ubujurire bufite ishingiro. Imikirize y’urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga ihindutse mu ngingo zayo zose.

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Amagarama aherera ku isanduku ya Leta. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’ imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ ubucuruzi, iz’ umurimo n’ iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 9 n’iya 111. Itegeko No 32/2015 ryo ku wa 11/06/2015 ryerekeye kwimura abantu ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange, ingingo ya 25, 36 n’iya 37. Itegeko No 18/2007 ryo ku wa 19/04/2007 ryerekeye kwimura abantu ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange, ingingo ya 24 n’iya 28. Itegeko No 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/5/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, ingingo ya 3. Iteka rya Minisitiri No 001/2008 ryo kuwa 01/04/2008 rigena ibyubahirizwa mu gukodesha ubutaka, ingingo ya 16. Nta manza zifashishijwe. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga abazungura ba Mujawamariya Dative barega Akarere ka Ruhango indishyi zo kwimurwa kubera inyungu rusange, bimurwa aho batuye mu Mudugudu wa Gataka, Akagari ka Munini, Umurenge wa Ruhango, Akarere ka Ruhango, Intara y’Amajyepfo, bavuga ko Akarere kanze kubishyura kandi indishyi barazibariwe bituma batanga ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga basaba gutegeka Akarere ka Ruhango kwishyura agaciro k’ubutaka n’ibyabukoreweho; indishyi zinyurane harimo indishyi z’ihungabana ritewe no kwimurwa n’ izatewe n’igihombo bagize kubera kwisubiraho. Akarere ka Ruhango ko kabonaga ko ibyo abo bantu bavuga nta gaciro byahabwa kuko batigeze bimurwa ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange nk’uko babivuga bakaba bafite umutungo wabo banawukoresha, naho kubijyanye n’imihanda waciwemo mumurima wabo, ahafashwe n’Akarere hatageze kuri 5% biteganywa n’Itegeko. [2] Urwo rubanza rwaraburanishijwe hasuzumwa ibijyanye no kumenya niba abarega barimuwe ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange ku buryo bagenerwa indishyi basaba, urubanza ruciwe urwo Rukiko rutegeka ko ikirego cy’abarega nta shingiro gifite ku mpamvu zirimo ukuba rwarasobanuye ko ntakigaragaza ko habayeho ubwumvikane ku bijyanye no kwishyura amafaranga y’ingurane ku mutungo wabo hagati yabo n’Akarere ka Ruhango ; kuba abarega barasubijwe ibyangombwa by’ubutaka bwabo mu mwaka wa 2015 bigaragaza ko ari bo batunze ubutaka bwabo, banabukoresha ibyo bashaka n’ uko batagombaga kurenza gihe cy’ iminsi ijana na makumyabiri (120) uhereye igihe iyo ndishyi ikwiye yemerejwe batarishyurwa kuko iyo birenze, iyimurwa riba ritaye agaciro. Abarega bajuririye urwo rubanza bavuga ko Urukiko rwirengagije amategeko rukanzura ko nta kwimurwa

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kwabayeho kandi imihango yose yo kwimura abarega ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange yarakozwe Akarere kakisubiraho. [3] Ibibazo bisuzumwa muri uru rubanza ni ibijyanye no: - Kumenya niba harabayeho kwimura abarega ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange no kumenya niba abarega bakwiye guhabwa indishyi zo kwisubiraho kw’Akarere katatanze indishyi ikwiye mu gihe gikwiye. - Ibijyanye n’indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza zisabwa muri uru rubanza. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA 1. Kumenya niba harabayeho kwimura abarega ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange no kumenya niba abarega bakwiye guhabwa indishyi zo kwisubiraho kw’Akarere katatanze indishyi ikwiye mu gihe gikwiye [4] Me Mbera Ferdinand uburanira abazungura ba Mujawamariya Dative barega muri uru rubanza avuga ko bajuriye kubera ko Urukiko rutabageneye indishyi zo kwimurwa kubera inyungu rusange kuko Akarere ka Ruhango kanze kubishyura kandi barazibariwe, ko Urukiko rwanzuye ko ntakwimurwa ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange kwabayeho nyamara rwirengagije amategeko kubera ko imihango yose yo kwimura abarega ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange yari yarakozwe, ko muri ayo mategeko yirengagijwe harimo ingingo ya 36 y’Itegeko No 32/2015 ryo ku wa 11/06/2015 ryerekeye kwimura abantu ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange, ko iyo ngingo ihura neza n’iya 28 y’Itegeko No 18/2007 ryo ku wa 19/04/2007 Umucamanza wa mbere yashingiyeho ibyemezo bye kandi ryaravanyweho, ikaba iteganya ko uwimura wisubiyeho akareka igikorwa cyo kwimura abantu ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange kandi imitungo y’abimurwa yaramaze kubarurwa cyangwa warengeje igihe cyo kwishyura indishyi ikwiye giteganyijwe n’itegeko yishyura indishyi ya 5% y’indishyi ikwiye yari kuzahabwa uwimurwa, ko kandi ayo mategeko ateganya ko ukwimura abantu bifite ibyiciro bikorwamo. [5] Akomeza asobanura ko n’ingingo ya 23 y’Itegeko No 32/2015 ryo ku wa 11/06/2015 iteganya ko nyuma yo gufata icyemezo ntakuka cyo kwimura abantu ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange, urwego rwifuza kwimura abantu ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange ruhita rushaka abagenagaciro bakora imirimo yo kugena agaciro k’ubutaka n’ibyabukoreweho, ko ibyo bisobanura ko igenagaciro rikorwa icyemezo ntakuka cyo kwimura abantu ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange cyaramaze gufatwa, ko kandi abagombaga kwimurwa bari baramaze gushyira umukono ku nyandiko y’indishyi ikwiye, ko rero kwimurwa kwabayeho, akavuga ko ku bw’ibyo bashingiye ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 37 y’Itegeko No 32/2015 ryo ku wa 11/06/2015 ryavuzwe iteganya ko uwimura wisubiyeho akareka igikorwa cyo kwimura abantu ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange kandi imitungo y’abimurwa yaramaze kubarurwa cyangwa warengeje igihe cyo kwishyura indishyi ikwiye giteganyijwe mu ngingo ya 36 (120jrs) y’iri tegeko yishyura indishyi ya (5%) y’indishyi ikwiye yari kuzahabwa uwimurwa”, ko ari muri urwo rwego abarega basaba indishyi zingana na 13.351.400 frw*5/100=667,570frw, kubera ko nyuma yo gufata icyemezo ntakuka cyo kwimura abantu ku mpamvu z`inyungu rusange Akarere kisubiyeho , Urukiko rukavuga ko nta nyungu rusange zabayeho; ko mu bujurire Urukiko rwabona ko habayeho

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kwisubiraho rukabagerena indishyi basabye kuko amafaranga yagombaga gutangwa batazi aho yaburiye. [6] Me Mbonigaba Eulade uburanira Akarere ka Ruhango avuga ko katigeze kimura uwo muryango, abo bazungura bakaba batarigeze babuzwa kugira icyo bahakorera, ko iyo hakenewe kwimura abaturage ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange hakorwa igenagaciro, uri bwimurwe atakwemeranya na ryo agakora irindi bigasuzumwa, ko rero abo bazungura batigeze babarirwa kubera ko isambu yabo itigeze ikenerwa, ko kubyerekeranye n’ imihanda yakaswe muri ayo masambu yo muri uwo Mudugudu, aho Akarere kafashe hatagera kuri 5% kandi ingingo ya 16 y'Iteka rya Minisitiri No 001/2008 ryo kuwa 01/04/2008 rigena ibyubahirizwa mu gukodesha ubutaka iteganya ko umukode agomba gusiga 5% ry'ubutaka bwe ku buntu, ko kandi aho Akarere kari gakeneye kahabonye hatarimo isambu y'abarega kuko hafashwe amasambu y'abandi baturage, abarega bakaba batarigeze basobanurira neza Urukiko ingano y'ikibanza cyabo cyafashweho kugirango hakorwe imihanda, ko ahubwo icyo gikorwa cyatumye isambu y'abarega igira agaciro kubera ko amasambu yabo yahise abona umuhanda. [7] Akomeza avuga ko mu iburanisha ry’urubanza rujuririrwa Akarere ka Ruhango kakomeje kugaragariza Urukiko ko abo bantu batigeze bimurwa kubera ko kugeza n’ubu uwo mutungo wabo bakiwufite ndetse n’ ibyangombwa bakaba babifite bigaragara ko uwo mutungo wanditse ku bazungura, ko rero ikirego cyabo nta shingiro gifite, ko mu rubanza rujuririrwa mu gika cya 16 na 17, Urukiko rwabonye ko icyangombwa cy’ubutaka kibaruye kuri abo bazungura naho igenagaciro ku butaka rikaba ryarakozwe n’umugenagaciro witwa Cyusa Jean Baptiste, uhagarariye GARCO Ltd, wari warashyizweho n’Akarere ka Ruhango muri gahunda yo kwimura abaturage ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange, ryagaragaje igiciro cy’ubutaka n’ibihingwa byariho, ko n’iperereza Urukiko rwakoze hagaragaraye ko umuhanda wakozwe mbere y’uko habaho gahunda yo kwimura abaturage mu nyungu rusange, kandi rwasanze abarega bafite ibyangombwa by’ubutaka bwabo, kandi Itegeko riteganya ko kugirango iyimurwa ryemerwe indishyi ikwiye ihabwa uwimurwa igomba kurihwa mbere y’uko yimuka n’uko indishyi ikwiye yemezwa na Komisiyo y’ubutaka yishyurwa mu gihe kitarenze iminsi ijana na makumyabiri (120) uhereye igihe iyo ndishyi ikwiye yemerejwe, iyo birenze icyo gihe, iyimurwa riba ritaye agaciro keretse uwimurwa n’uwimura babyiyumvikaniye, ko kandi ingingo z’amategeko zivugwa n’ uburanira abarega zaje nyuma zitareba ibyabaye mbere. [8] Anavuga ko kuba abarega barasubujwe ibyangombwa by’ubutaka bwabo mu mwaka wa 2015 na byo byemeza ko hatabayeho kwimurwa mu mutungo wabo n’Akarere ka Ruhango kuko ari bo batunze ubutaka bwabo, banabukoresha ibyo bashaka ko ikindi kibyemeza ari uko batagombaga kurenza gihe cy’ iminsi ijana na makumyabiri (120) uhereye igihe iyo ndishyi ikwiye yemerejwe batarishyurwa kuko iyo birenze, iyimurwa riba ritaye agaciro, ko rero Akarere ka Ruhango gasanga kugeza ubu Urukiko rwaraciye urubanza mu bushishozi bukwiye kandi urubanza rwaciwe ntacyo rwagombye kunengwa kubera ko ku rwego rwa mbere Urukiko rwanikoreye iperereza, bityo ubujurire bukaba nta shingiro bwahabwa, ko ku bw’ ibyo nta ndishyi zijyanye na byo bakwiye. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [9] Ingingo ya 28 y’Itegeko No 18/2007 ryo ku wa 19/04/2007 ryerekeye kwimura abantu ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange ryakurikizwaga mu mwaka wa 2013 Akarere ka Ruhango gafata

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icyemezo cyo kwimura abantu batuye mu Mudugudu wa Gataka, Akagali ka Munini, Umurenge wa Ruhango, Akarere ka Ruhango, Intara y’Amajyepfo, ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange iteganya ko: mu gihe uwishyura indishyi zikwiye atazitangiye igihe cyagenwe kivugwa mu ngingo ya 24 y’iri Tegeko1 yishyura indishyi y’ubukerererwe ya 5% buri mwaka yiyongera kuri iyo ndishyi ihabwa uwimurwa. Icyo gihe ntigishobora kurenga imyaka ibiri (2). Iyo uwimura yisubiyeho nyuma y’igihe kivugwa mu ngingo ya 24 y’iri Tegeko, ntibibuza uwimura gutanga indishyi ivugwa mu gika cya mbere cy’iyi ngingo ku wo yagombaga kwimura. Mu gihe uwimurwa atimutse mu gihe cyateganyijwe kandi yaramaze kwishyurwa, yimurwa ku ngufu z’ubuyobozi bubifitiye ububasha. Mu gihe ibivugwa muri iyi ngingo bigezweho ari uko byaciye mu nkiko, uwatsinzwe urubanza ni we wishyura amafaranga y’ikurikiranwa ry’urubanza agenwa n’Urukiko. [10] Rugendeye ku biteganywa n’iyi ngingo, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwasobanuye ko rusanga ikirego cy’abarega nta shingiro gifite kuko ntakigaragaza ko habayeho ubwumvikana bwo kwishyura amafaranga y’ingurane ku mutungo wabo hagati yabo n’Akarere ka Ruhango no kuba abarega barasubujwe ibyangombwa by’ubutaka bwabo mu mwaka wa 2015 na byo byemeza ko hatabayeho kwimurwa mu mutungo wabo n’Akarere ka Ruhango kuko ari bo batunze ubutaka bwabo, banabukoresha ibyo bashaka kuko bafite ibyangombwa by’ubutaka n’ uko batagombaga kurenza igihe cy’iminsi ijana na makumyabiri (120) uhereye igihe iyo ndishyi ikwiye yemerejwe batarishyurwa kuko iyo birenze, iyimurwa riba ritaye agaciro. [11] Uru Rukiko rurebye ibyo byasobanuwe n’urwo Rukiko, rugasanga n’ubwo koko nta kigaragaza ko habaye ubwumvikane bwo kwishyura amafaranga y’ingurane ku mutungo w’abarega nk’uko urwo Rukiko rwabibonye, ariko mu byo rwasobanuye hagaragaramo n’impamvu zishimangira ko Akarere ka Ruhango kisubiyeho zirimo kuba abagombaga kwimurwa (bajuriye) kabasubije ibyangombwa by’imitungo yabo, binashimangirwa nanone n’uko Akarere ka Ruhango kavuga na ko kemeza ko hari abimuwe bose bahawe ingurane, abatimuwe baguma mu mitungo yabo, hakaba n’inyandiko ziri muri dosiye zigaragaza ibijyanye n’igenagaciro ryakozwe kubw’Akarere ka Ruhango nk’icyemezo cy’uko GARCO Ltd ari yo yakoze igenagaciro k’imitungo itandukanye mu Murenge wa Ruhango, Akagari ka Munini, Umudugudu wa Gataka na Gaseke , ibyemezo byatanzwe n’Ubuyobozi bw’Akarere kubijyanye n’itangwa ry’iryo soko ku igenagaciro harimo nk’ibaruwa nimero 0947 yo ku wa 16/05/2013 n’igenagaciro ku mitungo itimukanwa ya Mujawamariya Dative igaragaza agaciro k’imitungo gafite igiteranyo rusange cya 13.351.400 frw, ikindi hakaba nta n’icyavuguruje ko ibikubiye muri iryo genagaciro abarega babyemeraga uko babivuga dore ko batigeze basaba ko hakorwa irindi genagaciro. [12] Ku birebana n’ igihe cy’ iminsi ijana na makumyabiri (120) uhereye igihe iyo ndishyi ikwiye yemerejwe gifatirwaho mu kumenya niba indishyi ikwiye itaratangiwe igihe; niba hatangwa indishyi zo kwisubiraho cyangwa niba iyimurwa ryaba ryarataye agaciro, rusanga ntacyavuguruje ibivugwa n’abarega by’uko Akarere kisubiyeho ntikigera kamenyesha abarega ko kahagaritse gahunda yo 1 Ingingo ya 24 y’Itegeko No 18/2007 ryo ku wa 19/04/2007 ryerekeye kwimura abantu ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange iteganya ko indishyi ikwiye yemejwe na Komisiyo y’ubutaka yishyurwa mu gihe kitarenze iminsi ijana na makumyabiri (120) uhereye igihe iyo ndishyi ikwiye yemerejwe. Iyo birenze icyo gihe, iyimurwa riba ritaye agaciro keretse uwimurwa n’uwimura babyiyumvikaniye. Nyuma yo kwakira indishyi ikwiye, uwimuwe afite igihe kitarenze iminsi mirongo cyenda (90) kugira ngo abe yimutse. Igihe cyose uwimurwa agitegereje kwishyurwa, afite uburenganzira bwo guhinga ibihingwa bitarenza mu murima we iminsi mirongo cyenda (90) no gusarura imyaka ye ikiri mu murima.

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kubimura ku nyungu rusanga ntibanamenya niba n’indishyi ikwiye bari babariwe yemejwe na kimisiyo y’ubutaka, bikagira ingaruka zinyuranye zirimo kuba batarishyuye umusoro w’ubutaka, n’ubwo icyo kibazo cy’imisoro kitasuzumwe ku rwego rwa mbere kubera ko ikirego kijyanye n’umusoro kitigeze gitangwa mu kirego cy’iremezo. [13] Uru Rukiko rugasanga n’ubwo Urukiko Rwisumbuye rushingira kuri iryo Tegeko No 18/2007 ryo ku wa 19/04/2007 rivuzwe nta kosa rwakoze kubera ko ari ryo ryari rigikurikizwa mu mwaka wa 2013 Akarere ka Ruhango gafata icyemezo cyo kwimura abantu bavuzwe binyuranye n' ibivugwa n’uburanira abarega, ariko rusanga rivuga ku bijyanye n’indishyi zo kwisubiraho, nyamara ntirisobanure neza ibijyanye no kwisubiraho imitungo y'abimurwa yaramaze kubarurwa n’abimurwa bakitwara nk’abategereje kwimurwa kabone n’ubwo baba bari bagifite uburenganzira ku mitungo yabo, haranakozwe igenacagiro abagomba kwimurwa ntibarihakane, ugomba kubimura na we ntahite abamenyesha ko batakimuwe nyamara yarisubiyeho nk’ uko byagendekeye abarega muri uru rubanza. [14] Rushingiye rero ku bimaze gusobanurwa no kubiteganywa n’ingingo ya 9 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi mu gika cyayo cya mbere2 rugasanga ikibazo cy’indishyi zatangwa kubera ukwisubiraho bisobanuwe haruguru cyasubizwa n’uko hatangwa indishyi kubera ukwisubiraho k’uwimura imitungo y’uwimurwa yaramaze kubarurwa no gukorerwa igenagaciro, bihura n’ibyo Umushingamategeko nyuma yaje gusobanura neza mu ngingo ya 37 y’Itegeko No 32/2015 ryo ku wa 11/06/2015 ryerekeye kwimura abantu ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange, uru Rukiko rusanga kandi ari byo byashingirwaho mu gukemura icyo kibazo mu rwego rwo gutanga ubutabera buboneye kuko iyo ngingo rusanze rugomba kwifashisha iteganya ko uwimura wisubiyeho akareka igikorwa cyo kwimura abantu ku mpamvu z'inyungu rusange kandi imitungo y'abimurwa yaramaze kubarurwa yishyura indishyi y’atanu ku ijana (5%) y'indishyi ikwiye yari kuzahabwa uwimurwa.3 [15] Ku bijyanye n’izindi ndishyi zo kwimurwa ku nyungu rusange zitatanzwe, ibyasobanuwe ku rwego rwa mbere ko zitatangwa rushingiye ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 23 y’Itegeko N° 18/2007 ryo kuwa 19/04/2007 rivuzwe iteganya ko kugira ngo iyimurwa ryemerwe, indishyi ikwiye ihabwa uwimurwa igomba kurihwa mbere y’uko yimuka no ku ngingo ya 24 igateganya ko indishyi ikwiye yemejwe na Komisiyo y’ubutaka yishyurwa mu gihe kitarenze iminsi ijana na makumyabiri (120) uhereye igihe iyo ndishyi ikwiye yemerejwe. Iyo birenze icyo gihe, iyimurwa riba ritaye agaciro keretse uwimurwa n’uwimura babyiyumvikaniye…, rusanga rubyemeza nta kosa rwakoze kubera ko 2 Ingingo ya 9 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi igika cya mbere iteganya ko umucamanza aca urubanza ashingiye ku ngingo z’amategeko zirebana n’ikirego yaregewe. Iyo nta tegeko rijyanye n’ikiburanwa ashingira ku mategeko asanga yashyiraho mu gihe yaba ashinzwe kuyashyiraho, yifashishije ibyemezo byagiye bifatwa n’inkiko, umuco, amahame rusange agenga amategeko n’inyandiko z’abahanga mu mategeko… 3 Ingingo ya 37 y’Itegeko No 32/2015 ryo ku wa 11/06/2015 ryerekeye kwimura abantu ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange uwimura wisubiyeho akareka igikorwa cyo kwimura abantu ku mpamvu z'inyungu rusange kandi imitungo y'abimurwa yaramaze kubarurwa cyangwa warengeje igihe cyo kwishyura indishyi ikwiye giteganyijwe mu ngingo ya 36 y'iri tegeko yishyura indishyi y’atanu ku ijana (5%) y'indishyi ikwiye yari kuzahabwa uwimurwa. Iyo uwimura n'uwimurwa bumvikanye ko iyimurwa rikomeza, uwimura agomba kwishyura indishyi ivugwa mu gika cya mbere cy'iyi ngingo, mbere y'uko iyimurwa rikomeza. Igihe cy'inyongera kibarwa uhereye ku munsi ukurikira iminsi ivugwa mu gika cya mbere cy’ingingo ya 36 y’iri tegeko, ntigishobora kurenza umwaka umwe. Mu gihe uwimura yisubiyeho nyuma yo kumvikana n’uwimurwa, uwimura atanga indishyi y’inyongera y’atanu ku ijana (5%).

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n’ubwo habaye ibikorwa bigaragaza ko Akarere ka Ruhango kagombaga kwimura abarega kakaza kwisubiraho ntibahite babimenya uko byasobanuwe, ariko nta bimenyetso bigaragaza ko iyo ndishyi ikwiye yemejwe na Komisiyo y’ubutaka uko byasobanuwe ku buryo hakurikizwa ibiteganywa n’ ingingo ya 28 y’Itegeko No 18/2007 ryo ku wa 19/04/2007 ryakurikizwaga icyo gihe ryavuzwe. [16] Ibivugwa n’uburanira abarega ko bashingiye ku biteganywa n’ ingingo ya 23 y’Itegeko No 32/2015 ryo ku wa 11/06/2015 iteganya ko nyuma yo gufata icyemezo ntakuka cyo kwimura abantu ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange, urwego rwifuza kwimura abantu ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange ruhita rushaka abagenagaciro bakora imirimo yo kugena agaciro k’ubutaka n’ibyabukoreweho, ko ibyo bisobanura ko igenagaciro rikorwa icyemezo ntakuka cyo kwimura abantu ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange cyari cyaramaze gufatwa, rusanga nta gaciro byahabwa kuko uretse n’ uko iri Tegeko ryari ritaratangira gukurikizwa Akarere ka Ruhango gafata icyemezo cyo kwimura bamwe mu bantu mu Mudugudu wa Gataka, Akagari ka Munini, Umurenge wa Ruhango, Akarere ka Ruhango, Intara y’Amajyepfo barimo abajuriye nta n’ubwo bagaragaza ko ibijyanye no guha agaciro ubutaka bw’ugomba kwimurwa icyo gihe byakorwaga nyuma yo gufata icyemezo ntakuka cyo kwimura, kandi ibijyanye no guha agaciro ubwo butaka byo bikaba byari biteganyijwe nko mu cyiciro cya mbere cy’umutwe wa IV w’Itegeko No 18/2007 ryo ku wa 19/04/2007 ryavuzwe ku byerekeye guha agaciro ubutaka n’ ibyabukoreweho. [17] Rushingiye ku bimaze gusobanurwa, rugasanga Akarere ka Ruhango kagomba kwishyura abajuriye indishyi zo kwimurwa ku nyungu rusange kubera kwisubiraho nyuma yo kubarura imitungo yabo zingana na 13.351.400 Frw 5 % = 667,570frw, kubera ko rusanga impamvu z’ubujurire zifite ˣ ishingiro ku bijyanye n’izo ndishyi ako Karere kagomba kwishyura abarega. 2. Ku bijyanye n’ izindi ndishyi zisabwa [18] Me Mbera Ferdinand uburanira abajuriye avuga ko kubera ko Akarere ka Ruhango kabaruhije kakwishyura amafaranga y’ igihembo cy’ Avocat angana na 1.400.000 frws frws ay’ ikurikiranarubanza 600.000 frw no gusubizwa ingwate y’amagarama angana na 60.000 frws n’ indishyi z`akababaro zingana na 2.000.000 Frws. [19] Uburanira Akarere ka Ruhango avuga ko amafaranga y'ikurikiranarubanza asabwa nta shingiro kuko urubanza rwatangijwe n’abarega atari Akarere ka Ruhango karutangije kimwe n’igihembo cy’Avocat kuko abarega ari bo bahisemo kurega, akaba nta ruhare Akarere kabifitemo ko ahubwo Urukiko rwategeka abajuriye guha ako Karere indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza zingana na 2.000.000frw, izo gushorwa mu manza ku maherere zingana na 2.000.000 Frw n’igihembo cy’Avocat kingana na 2.000.000frw. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [20] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe iteganya ko ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ari ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza, ko ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo naho ingingo ya 3 y’Itegeko No 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/5/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo ihateganya ko buri muburanyi agomba kugaragaza ukuri kw’ibyo aburana.

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[21] Urukiko rubona indishyi zo gusiragira no gushorwa mu manza z’amaherere abajuriye basaba zifite ishingiro kubera ko Akarere ka Ruhango katemeye gutanga indishyi zo kwisubiraho mu kubimurwa ku nyungu rusange uko byasobanuwe bigatuma hitabazwa Inkiko, Urukiko mu bushishozi bwarwo rugarasanga bagomba kwishyurwa izingana n’ibihumbi magana ane na mirongo itanu (450,000 Rfws) naho izindi zisabwa zikaba zitatangwa kubera ko batavuguruje ibyavuzwe ku rwego rwa mbere ko batakuwe mu mitungo kubera ko Akarere kisubiyeho. [22] Ku gihembo cy’avoka rushingiye ku biteganywa n’Ingingo ya 26 y’amabwiriza No 01/2014 agenga ibihembo mbonera by’abavoka iteganya ko mu kwishyuza imyenda irimo impaka, avoka w’urega wateguye dosiye n’inyandiko ashobora gusaba igihembo fatizo kiri hagati y’amafaranga 500.000 frw n’amafaranga 5.000.000, cyongerwaho iyo hari imyenda yagarujwe na we ubwe cyangwa n’intumwa ye, igihembo cy’inyongera cyo kwishyuza, bikabarwa hakurikijwe ijanisha riteganywa mu gace ka II k’ingingo ya 23, no kuya 33 y’ayo mabwiriza iteganya ko mu bujurire, avoka w’urega n’uw’uregwa bafite uburenganzira kuri ½ cy’igihembo cyumvikanyweho ku rwego rwa mbere, rusanga indishyi zingana na 750,000 Frws ari zo zishyize mu gaciro cyane cyane ko ku rwego rwa mbere ntayagenwe kubera gutsindwa kandi kuri uru rwego rukaba nta kindi rwashingiraho rutanga izasabwe zose. Indishyi zose hamwe zikaba ari 750,000 Frws + 450,000 Frws + 667,570frw = Miliyoni imwe ibihumbi magana inani na mirongo itandatu na birindwi na magana atanu na mirongo irindwi (1,867,570 Rfws). Ku bw’ibyo imikirize y’urubanza RAD 00012/2020/TGI/MHG rwaciwe ku wa 20/04/2021 n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga ikaba igomba guhinduka ku bijyanye n’izo ndishyi zigenwe kubera kwisubiraho kw’Akarere ka Ruhango uko byasobanuwe n’ ubwo hatabayeho kwimurwa ku mpamvu z’inyungu rusange uko byemejwe ku rwego rwa mbere. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [23] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Murekatete Marie Assoumpta, Twahirwa Alphonse, Ishimwe Gloria, Murekezi Hirwa Jean Pierre na Umutesi Marie Clémentine bufite ishingiro. [24] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza RAD 00012/2020/TGI/MHG rwaciwe ku wa 20/04/2021 n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga ihindutse mu ngingo zayo zose. [25] Rutegetse Akarere ka Ruhango kwishyura Murekatete Marie Assoumpta, Twahirwa Alphonse, Ishimwe Gloria, Murekezi Hirwa Jean Pierre na Umutesi Marie Clémentine indishyi zasobanuwe zingana na Miliyoni imwe ibihumbi magana inani na mirongo itandatu na birindwi na magana atanu na mirongo irindwi (1,867,570 Rfws) kuva uru rubanza rubaye ndakuka. [26] Rutegetse Akarere ka Ruhango gusubiza abajuriye amafaranga y’igarama yo ku rwego rwa mbere no mu bujurire angana n’ibihumbi mirongo itandatu (60,000 Rfws) kuva uru rubanza rubaye ndakuka. [27] Rutegetse ko amafaranga yatanzweho igarama mu kujurira ahwanye n’ibyakozwe muri uru rubanza.