UBUSHINJACYAHA v. MUTARUTINYA

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v. MUTARUTINYA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-10-24 - Case/document no.: RPAA01112/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v. MUTARUTINYA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA01112/2024/CA (Mukandamage, J. P.) 24 Ukwakira 2025] Amategeko agenga imanza nshinjabyaha – Ubujurire – Kwemera icyaha mu bujurire – Kwemera icyaha bwa mbere mu bujurire ntibigirira akamaro uregwa, kuko aba azanye ingingo nshya ataburanishije mu nkiko zabanje, kandi umucamanza w’ubujurire afite gusa inshingano yo gukosora amakosa yaba yarakozwe n’izo nkiko. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Mutarutinya mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyagatare bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’imyaka 9 w’umugore we, bumusabira ko yahamwa n’icyaha agahanishwa igifungo cya burundu. Mutarutinya yaburanye ahakana icyaha avuga ko umugore we ashaka kumuvungisha kubera intonganya zikomoka ku mafaranga bagiranye mu minsi igere muri 4, ngo akaba ashaka kumufungisha agatwara imitungo ye. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rushingiye ku bimenyetso bitandukanye rwamuhamije icyo cyaha, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu. Uregwa yajuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru, urugereko rwa Rwamagana, avuga ko umugore we amubeshyera, kubera amakimbirane bagiranye bapfa ko yafashe amafaranga y’urugo akayashyira umugabo babyaranye uwo mwana bivugwa ko yasambanyije, asaba ko hakorwa iperereza aho yari atuye. Nyuma yo gusomerwa raporo ya Muganga, Mutarutinya yavuze ko asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano. Ubushinjacyaha bwo bwasabye ko ubwo bujurire bwe butahabwa ishingiro, kuko ibimenyetso bwatanzwe bigashingirwaho n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye bimuhamya icyaha ku buryo budashidikanywaho. Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko ubujurire bw’Uregwa nta shingiro bufite, kuko atabasha kuvuguruza ibimenyetso byashingiweho ku rwego rwa mbere ahamwa icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, rwemeza ko nta gihindutse ku rubanza rwajuririwe. Uregwa yongeye ajuririra uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire avuga ko, n’ubwo yaburanye mu nkiko zabanje ahakana icyaha, ariko ubu acyemera, agasaba imbabazi no kugabanyirizwa igihano. Asobanura ko bitewe no kudasobanukirwa neza, ariko noneho yemera icyaha yakoze kuko yamenye uburemere bwacyo. Avuga kandi ko yashakanye na nyina w’uwo mwana, akaba amuruta kuko we afite imyaka 27 naho umugore we akaba afite imyaka 47, bituma iwabo bamuca ngo kuko yashatse umugore umuruta, ariheba bimutera kujya anywa inzoga, bimutera gukora ayo mahano. Muri uru rubanza, Uregwa yasabye ko yagabanyirizwa igihano kuko aburana agaragaza umutima wicuza icyaha yakoze kandi agisabira imbabazi, kuba atarigeze agambirira gukora icyaha, ahubwo agaragaza icyabimuteye no kuba ari ubwa mbere akurikiranwe mu nkiko, kuko mbere yitwaraga neza. Ubushinjacyaha bwasubije ubu bujurire bw’Uregwa buvuga ko yagize umwanya wo kwemera icyaha no gusaba imbabazi, ariko ayo mahirwe ayivutsa aburana mu nkiko zabanje ahakana icyaha, akaba ariyo mpamvu bubona kwemera icyaha gukozwe mu bujurire mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire nta gaciro kwagira. Buvuga kandi ko ubu bujurire butahabwa ishingiro, kuko Uregwa atagaragaza icyo anenga urubanza rwaciwe ngo kibe cyakosorwa, akaba asaba gusa kugabanyirizwa igihano kandi aburana yari yahawe umwanya wo kubisaba agahitamo kuburana ahakana icyaha. Bwasoze buvuga ko kuka Uregwa yarasambanyije umwana yanyoye inzoga bidakuraho ubushake bwo gukora icyaha no kugihanirwa, bukaba busanga igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu yahawe kitagabanywa. Incamake y’icyemezo: Kwemera icyaha bwa mbere mu bujurire ntibigirira akamaro uregwa, kuko aba azanye ingingo nshya ataburanishije mu nkiko zabanje, kandi umucamanza w’ubujurire afite gusa inshingano yo gukosora amakosa yaba yarakozwe n’izo nkiko. Bityo, kuba Mutarutinya Cyprien yaraburanye mu nkiko zabanje ahakana icyaha aregwa cyo gusambanya umwana w’umugore we, akaba

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acyemeye mu bujurire bwa kabiri nta kamaro byamugirira, kuko ni ingingo yifuza ko isuzumwa bwa mbere mu bujurire. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, ingingo ya 183. Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ingingo ya 2. Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ingingo ya 133. Imanza zifashishijwe: RPAA01203/2024/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Nzabarushimana Claude rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 19/09/2025. RPAA00391/2021/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 17/04/2025. RPAA00454/2023/CA, Ubushinjacyaha v. Maniragena Maniriho Léopold rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28/06/2024. RPAA00123/2023/CA, Ubushinjacyaha v. Habumugisha Damascènerwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 29/04/2024. RPAA00048/2020/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Bimenyimana Jean Paul rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 26/05/2022. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Kakuze Emmerance yareze mu Bugenzacyaha umugabo we Mutarutinya Cyprien avuga ko ku wa 27/04/2019 yageze mu rugo avuye guhinga, umwana we witwa N. O.1 w’imyaka 9 y’amavuko amubwira ko Mutarutinya Cyprien yamusanze ku buriri akamusambanya, kandi ko ari ku nshuro ya 3 abikoze, hanyuma arebye ku ikariso y’umwana abona hari ibintu byafashemo bimeze nk’amasohoro, ahita amujyana kwa Muganga. [2] Nyuma y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Mutarutinya Cyprien mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyagatare icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, busaba ko ahamwa n’icyo cyaha agahanishwa igifungo cya burundu. [3] Mutarutinya Cyprien yaburanye ahakana icyaha, avuga ko umugore we amubeshyera kubera intonganya bagiranye mu minsi 4 iheruka zikomoka ku mafaranga, akaba ashaka kumufungisha kugira ngo asigarane umutungo we, ko ibimenyetso byatanzwe n’Ubushinjacyaha atabyemera. [4] Mu rubanza RP00745/2019/TGI/NYG rwaciwe ku wa 19/01/2021, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyagatare rwasanze Mutarutinya Cyprien ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu rushingiye ku bimenyetso bikurikira: a) imvugo z’umwana umushinja ko yamusambanyije; b) raporo ya Muganga igaragaza ko umwana yasambanyijwe;

1 Amazina arahinwe kubera kamere y’icyaha n’imyaka y’uwahohotewe.

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c) imvugo za Kakuze Emmerance, nyina w’umwana, watanze ikirego; d) ubuhamya bwatanzwe na Mutabaruka Sother n’ubwa Uwamahoro babwiwe na Kakuze Emmerance ko umugabo we yamusambanyirije umwana. [5] Mutarutinya Cyprien yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana avuga ko umugore we amubeshyera, kubera amakimbirane bagiranye bapfa ko yafashe amafaranga y’urugo akayashyira umugabo babyaranye umwana bivugwa ko yasambanyije, asaba ko hakorwa iperereza aho yari atuye. Nyuma yo gusomerwa raporo ya Muganga, Mutarutinya Cyprien yavuze ko asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha yavuze ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Mutarutinya Cyprien butahabwa ishingiro, kuko ibimenyetso byatanzwe n’Ubushinjacyaha bigashingirwaho n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyagatare bimuhamya icyaha ku buryo budashidikanywaho. [6] Mu rubanza RPA00339/2021/HC/RWG rwaciwe ku wa 11/10/2024, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana rwasanze ubujurire bwa Mutarutinya Cyprien nta shingiro bufite, kuko atabasha kuvuguruza ibimenyetso byashingiweho ku rwego rwa mbere ahamwa icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, rwemeza ko nta gihindutse ku rubanza rwajuririwe. [7] Mutarutinya Cyprien yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza ruhabwa RPAA01112/2024/CA. Iburanisha ryabaye mu ruhame ku wa 06/10/2025, Mutarutinya Cyprien yunganiwe na Me Rutishereka Emmanuel, naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Ndagijimana Charles, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [8] Mu myanzuro no mu miburanire, Mutarutinya Cyprien avuga ko, nubwo yaburanye mu nkiko zabanje ahakana icyaha, ariko ubu acyemera, agasaba imbabazi no kugabanyirizwa igihano. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko kwemera icyaha mu bujurire bitamugirira akamaro, agasaba ko ubujurire bwe butahabwa ishingiro. [9] Muri uru rubanza harasuzumwa niba igihano Mutarutinya Cyprien yahawe cyagabanywa. II. ISESENGURWA RY’IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA Kumenya niba igihano Mutarutinya Cyprien yahawe cyagabanywa [10] Mutarutinya Cyprien na Me Rutishereka Emmanuel umwunganira bavuga ko mu nkiko zabanje yahakanye icyaha aregwa cyo gusambanya umwana, bitewe no kudasobanukirwa neza, ariko noneho acyemera kuko yamenye uburemere bwacyo. Basobanura ko akimara gushakana na nyina w’umwana N. O., iwabo bamuciye kubera ko yashatse umugore umuruta ufite imyaka 47, naho we afite 27, maze atangira kwiheba akajya anywa inzoga, bituma umunsi umwe akora amahano yo gusambanya umwana w’umugore we. [11] Mutarutinya Cyprien na Me Rutishereka Emmanuel umwunganira basaba ko yagabanyirizwa igihano kubera impamvu zikurikira: a) kuba ubu aburana agaragaza umutima wicuza icyaha yakoze kandi agisabira imbabazi; b) kuba atarigeze agambirira gukora icyaha, kuko agaragaza icyabimuteye; c) kuba ari ubwa mbere akurikiranwe mu nkiko, kuko mbere yitwaraga neza. [12] Mutarutinya Cyprien na Me Rutishereka Emmanuel umwunganira bavuga kandi ko mu kugabanya igihano, hashingirwa ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 2 y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange no ku rubanza RPAA00454/2023/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28/06/2024, haburana

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Ubushinjacyaha na Maniragena Maniriho Léopold wakurikiranyweho icyaha cyo gusabambanya umwana w’imyaka 9 y’amavuko, aburana ahakana icyaha, maze urukiko rushingiye ku kuba yarajuriye yemera icyaha n’izindi mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 15. [13] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko Mutarutinya Cyprien yagize umwanya wo kwemera icyaha no gusaba imbabazi, ariko ayo mahirwe ayivutsa aburana mu nkiko zabanje ahakana icyaha, akaba ariyo mpamvu abona kwemera icyaha gukozwe mu bujurire mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire nta gaciro kwagira. [14] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga kandi ko hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 183, agace ka 5 n’aka 6, y’Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, kuba Mutarutinya Cyprien atagaragaza icyo anenga urubanza rwaciwe ngo kibe cyakosorwa, akaba asaba gusa kugabanyirizwa igihano kandi aburana yari yahawe umwanya wo kubisaba agahitamo kuburana ahakana icyaha, asanga ko ubujurire bwe butahabwa ishingiro. [15] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga na none ko ibyo kudaha ishingiro ubujurire bwa Mutarutinya Cyprien bishingiye no ku bisobanuro byatanzwe mu rubanza RPAA00123/2023/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 29/04/2024, Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Habumugisha Damascène, ko kwemera icyaha bwa mbere mu bujurire, bitagirira akamaro uregwa, kuko ujurira aba azanye ingingo nshya ataburanishije mu nkiko zabanje, kandi umucamanza w’ubujurire afite gusa inshingano yo gukosora amakosa yaba yarakozwe n’izo nkiko. [16] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ndetse ko kuba Mutarutinya Cyprien yarasambanyije umwana yanyoye inzoga bidakuraho ubushake bwo gukora icyaha no kugihanirwa, akaba asanga igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu yahawe kitagabanywa. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [17] Impaka muri uru rubanza zishingiye ku kumenya niba igihano Mutarutinya Cyprien yahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru/urugereko rwa Rwamagana cyagabanywa kubera ko yemera icyaha kandi ari ubwa mbere agikoze. [18] Kubirebana no kwemera icyaha mu bujurire, mu rubanza RPAA00048/2020/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 26/05/2022, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Bimenyimana Jean Paul, hatanzwe umurongo uvuga ko kwemera icyaha bwa mbere mu bujurire bitagirira akamaro uregwa, kuko ujurira aba azanye ingingo nshya ataburanishije mu nkiko zabanje, kandi umucamanza w’ubujurire afite gusa inshingano yo gukosora amakosa yaba yarakozwe n’izo nkiko. Uyu murongo wakurikijwe mu manza zitandukanye zakurikiyeho zaciwe n’uru rukiko, harimo n’urubanza RPAA01203/2024/CA rwaciwe ku wa 19/09/2025, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nzabarushimana Claude. [19] Nk’uko bigaragara mu manza zabanje, Mutarutinya Cyrpien aburana ku rwego rwa mbere yahakanye icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyagatare rushingiye ku bimenyetso rwashyikirijwe n’Ubushinjacyaha rumuhamya icyaha, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu. Mu bujurire, yakomeje guhakana icyaha avuga ko umugore yamubeshyeye kubera intonganya zabaye hagati yabo, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana rusanga ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite, rugumishaho igihano cya burundu. [20] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga kuba Mutarutinya Cyprien yaraburanye mu nkiko zabanje ahakana icyaha aregwa cyo gusambanya umwana w’umugore we, akaba acyemeye mu bujurire bwa kabiri nta kamaro byamugirira, kuko ni ingingo yifuza ko isuzumwa bwa mbere mu bujurire, bikaba rero bigaragaraza ko ntacyo anenga urubanza yajuririye, kuko nta nta makosa inkiko zabanje zakoze zimuhamya icyo cyaha, zikamuhana, bityo ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite.

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[21] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga kandi Mutarutinya Cyprien atagabanyirizwa igihano yahawe cy’igifungo cya burundu hashingiwe ku mpamvu y’uko ari ubwa mbere akurikiranwe mu nkiko, kubera uburemere bw’icyaha yakoze cy’ubugome cyo gusambanya umwana w’umugore we kandi muto cyane w’imyaka 9 y’amavuko inshuro 3, we ari mukuru kuko yari afite imyaka 27 y’amavuko, nyamara yari afite inshingano yo kumurera no kumurinda ikibi aho kumwangiza. [22] Ibyo kutagabanyiriza igihano Mutarutinya Cyprien, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurabishingira no ku zindi manza rwaciye zacyemuye ikibazo nk’ikiri muri uru rubanza, mu ziheruka hakaba harimo urubanza RPAA00391/2021/CA rwaciwe ku wa 17/04/2025, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Bucyanayandi Jean de Dieu wasambanyije umwana w’umugore we w’imyaka 12 y’amavuko, we afite imyaka 27 y’amavuko, urukiko rumugumisha ku gihano cy’igifungo cya burundu kubera ubugome yakoranye icyo cyaha. [23] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga rero ubujurire bwatanzwe na Mutarutinya Cyprien bugamije kugabanyisha igihano nta shingiro bufite, urubanza yajuririye rukaba rugomba kugumana agaciro mu ngingo zarwo zose. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [24] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Mutarutinya Cyprien nta shingiro bufite. [25] Rwemeje ko urubanza RPA00339/2021/HC/RWG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana ku wa 11/10/2024 rugumanye agaciro mu ngingo zarwo zose. [26] Rwemeje ko igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu Mutarutinya Cyprien yahawe ku cyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’imyaka 9 y’amavuko kigumyeho.