NDAYAMBAJE N’UNDI v. UBUSHINJACYAHA

# NDAYAMBAJE N’UNDI v. UBUSHINJACYAHA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-11-14 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00842/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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NDAYAMBAJE N’UNDI v. UBUSHINJACYAHA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00842/2024/CA (Kanyange, P.J.,) 14 Ugushyingo 2025] Amategeko agenga ibyaha n’ibihano – Icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi – Gusaba guhindura inyito y’icyaha – Ufatanwa, uhinga, ubika, n’utunda akwiye kumvikana mu buryo butandukanye hashingiwe ku ngano y’ibiyobyabwenge n’icyo bigiye gukoreshwa, maze byagaragara ko ingano y’ibiyobyabwenge uregwa yafatanwe ari nini bikaba byashingirwaho hemezwa ko ikigamijwe ari ugucuruza cyangwa gukwirakwiza ibiyobyabwenge, uregwa agahabwa igihano kiremereye, kandi ko bimwe mu bimenyetso byashingirwaho harebwa ko uwafatanwe ibiyobyabwenge yari agamije kubikwirakwiza ari iminzani yabugenewe mu gupima, amasashe yifashishwa mu gupfunyikamo ibiyobyabwenge, amafaranga bafatiye aho hantu, ahakoreshwa nk’ububiko, ubwinshi bw’ibiyobyabwenge bahasanze, urujya n’uruza rw’abantu, abatangabuhamya bemeza ko uwo muntu asanzwe acuruza ibiyobyabwenge. Amategeko agenga ibyaha n’ibihano – Icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi – Gusaba kugabanyirizwa ibihano – Iyo hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemejwe n’Umucamanza icyaha gihanishwa igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu ikaba yagabanywa ariko ntige munsi ya kimwe cya kane cy’ihazabu nto iteganyirijwe icyaha cyakozwe. Incamake y’ikibazo: Urwego rwa Polisi ishami rishinzwe kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge, rwahawe amakuru ko uwitwa Ndayambaje Ildephonse acuruza urumogi, bakaba baramufatanye ibiro makumyabiri n’umunani (28), avuga ko yaruhawe n’uwitwa Nteziyaremye Fidèle, maze bombi barafatwa batangira gukurikiranwa. Nyuma y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwabareze bombi mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gicumbi icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, bushingiye ku bimenyetso birimo kuba Ndayambaje Eldephonse yemera icyaha cyo gucuruza urumogi akanemera ko yarufatanwe, Nteziyaremye Fidèle we akemera icyaha cyo kubika no gufatanwa urumogi bubasabira guhanishwa igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu ya 20.000.000Frw buri wese. Ndayambaje Ildephonse yaburanye avuga ko yemera icyaha agasaba imbabazi, asaba no kugabanyirizwa igihano. Nteziyaremye Fidèle we akavuga ko icyaha yemera ari icyo kubika urumogi gusa. Urukiko rwasanze Ndayambaje ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, naho Nteziyaremye Fidèle agahamwa n’icyo kubibika no kubicuruza, bityo Ndayambaje akagabanyirizwa igihano kuko yemera icyaha rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20) n’ihazabu ya 21.000.000Frw, Nteziyaremye we ahanishwa igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu ya 25.000.000Frw, kuko ahakana icyaha. Abaregwa bombi bajuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru, Ndayambaje anenga ko yahawe ibihano birebire kandi yaremeye icyaha, ndetse ko Urukiko ntacyo rwavuze ku isubikagihano yasabye, Nteziyaremye anenga ko atagabanyirijwe igihano kandi yaraburanye yemera ko yafatanwe urumogi, bityo asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano, maze agahabwa gito gishoboka, akanagisubikirwa.

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Ubushinjacyaha bwasubije ko Nteziyaremye Fidèle na Ndayambaje Ildephonse bagabanyirizwa ibihano hashingiwe ku Itegeko rishya, bagahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000Frw kuri buri wese kuko bemera icyaha, ariko ko batasubikirwa igihano kuko igihano gisubikwa ari ikitarengeje imyaka itanu (5). Urukiko Rukuru rurabyemeza. Abaregwa bombi bajuriye mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, Nteziyaremye n’umwunganira basaba ko inyito y’icyaha aregwa yahinduka agahanirwa gufatanwa ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, banasaba ko igihano yahawe cyakongera kubabanywa. Ndayambaje n’umwunganira bo basaba ko yakongera akagabanyirizwa igihano, kuko yafatanwe ibiro bitatu (3) by’urumogi, naho iwe bahasanga ibiro makumyabiri na bitanu (25), bityo ko bitakwitwa ko yarucuruzaga kuko ari ingano nto, basaba ko yagabanyirizwa ibihano, agahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka ibiri, hashingiwe ku ngano nto y’urumogi yafatanwe, kuba ari inshuro ya mbere akurikiranweho icyaha, kuba yari akiri muto, ndetse no kuba yarashowe mu cyaha na Ndayambaje amushukisha amafaranga. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko inyito y’icyaha Nteziyaremye yahamijwe itahinduka kuko bigaragara ko yarucuruzaga urumogi nk’uko nawe yabyemeye, ko rero igihano hawe n’icyahawe Ndayambaje kitahinduka kuko bakigabanyirijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru bahabwa igihano gito amategeko ateganya. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko igihano Ndayambaje na Nteziyaremye bahawe kitakongera kugabanywa kuko bakigabanyirijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, bityo ko igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) bahawe ari cyo gito giteganywa n’Itegeko. Urukiko rurasuzuma ibibazo byo Kumenya niba inyito y’icyaha Nteziyaremye akurikiranweho yahinduka, no Kumenya niba igihano Ndayambaje na Nteziyaremye bahawe cyakongera kugabanywa. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Ufatanwa, uhinga, ubika, n’utunda akwiye kumvikana mu buryo butandukanye hashingiwe ku ngano y’ibiyobyabwenge n’icyo bigiye gukoreshwa, maze byagaragara ko ingano y’ibiyobyabwenge uregwa yafatanwe ari nini bikaba byashingirwaho hemezwa ko ikigamijwe ari ugucuruza cyangwa gukwirakwiza ibiyobyabwenge, uregwa agahabwa igihano kiremereye, kandi ko bimwe mu bimenyetso byashingirwaho harebwa ko uwafatanwe ibiyobyabwenge yari agamije kubikwirakwiza ari iminzani yabugenewe mu gupima, amasashe yifashishwa mu gupfunyikamo ibiyobyabwenge, amafaranga bafatiye aho hantu, ahakoreshwa nk’ububiko, ubwinshi bw’ibiyobyabwenge bahasanze, urujya n’uruza rw’abantu, abatangabuhamya bemeza ko uwo muntu asanzwe acuruza ibiyobyabwenge. 2. Iyo hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemejwe n’Umucamanza icyaha gihanishwa igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu ikaba yagabanywa ariko ntige munsi ya kimwe cya kane cy’ihazabu nto iteganyirijwe icyaha cyakozwe. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Amategeko yashingiweho:

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Itegeko N° 69/2019 ryo ku wa 08/11/2019 rihindura Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ingingo ya 11. Imanza zifashishijwe: Uruubanza RPAA 00408/2020/CA rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Niyitegeka, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/06/2022; Urubanza RPAA 01195/2024/CA, rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Uwanyirigira, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’ubujurire ku wa 18/07/2025; Urubanza RPAA 00538/2024/CA, rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Cyuzuzo, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 21/01/2025; Urubanza RPAA 00885/2024/CA, rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Nshimiyimana; rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 16/05/2025. Urubanza I.IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Urwego rwa Polisi ishami rishinzwe kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge, rwahawe amakuru ko Ndayambaje Ildephonse acuruza urumogi, babwira uwatanze ayo makuru ngo amuhamagare kuri telefone amubwire ko ashaka ibiro bitatu (3kg) by’urumogi rwo kugura, ajyana n’abashinzwe umutekano kuri moto bahura na Ndayambaje Eldephonse aruzanye baramufata, avuga ko aruvanye kwa Nteziyaremye Fidèle kuko aruranguza aruzaniwe n’umugande, kandi ko afite ububiko bwarwo (Stock) mu nzu ye, bamusaba kumuhamagara, akamuzanira ibiro bitanu (5kg) by’urumogi, bajyana kumureba bamusanga yicaye munsi y’umuhanda afite agafuka karimo urumogi, naho iwe bahasanga urumogi rwuzuye umufuka rungana n’ibiro makumyabiri na bitanu (25kg), byiyongera ku biro bitatu (3kg) yafatanwe aruzaniye Ndayambaje Eldephonse, byose hamwe biba ibiro makumyabiri n’umunani (28), bombi barafatwa batangira gukurikiranwa. [2] Nyuma y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwabareze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gicumbi icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, bushingiye ku bimenyetso birimo kuba Ndayambaje Eldephonse yemera icyaha cyo gucuruza urumogi akanemera ko yarufatanwe, Nteziyaremye Fidèle we akemera icyaha cyo kubika no gufatanwa urumogi, imvugo z’abatangabuhamya n’inyandikomvugo z’ifatira bashyizeho umukono zigaragaza ko bafatanwe urumogi, bubasabira guhanishwa igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu ya 20.000.000Frw buri wese. [3] Ndayambaje Ildephonse yaburanye avuga ko yemera icyaha agasaba imbabazi no kugabanyirizwa igihano. Nteziyaremye Fidèle we akavuga ko icyaha yemera ari icyo kubika urumogi gusa. [4] Mu rubanza RP 00263/2022/TGI/GIC rwaciwe ku wa 30/03/2022, Urukiko rwasanze Nteziyaremye Fidèle abazwa mu Bugenzacyaha yaremeye ko urumogi rwazanwaga n'abakozi babiri ba Ndayambaje Ildephonse akarumubikira, Ndayambaje Ildephonse yabona umuguzi akaza kurufata akarugurisha, we akamuhemba, anemera ko amaze guherekeza abana bakorera Ndayambaje Ildephonse inshuro zigera ku icumi barushyiriye abaguzi, ikiro bakigurisha 15.000 Frw, kandi ko hari hashize amezi abiri bakorana, anemera ko bamusanganye umunzani bapimisha urumogi, ko rero iyo mvugo ifatwa nk’ikimenyetso kigaragaza ko acuruza urumogi.

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[5] Rwasanze Ndayambaje Ildephonse ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, naho Nteziyaremye Fidèle agahamwa n’icyo kubibika no kubicuruza, ariko Ndayambaje Ildephonse akagabanyirizwa igihano kuko yemera icyaha rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20) n’ihazabu ya 21.000.000Frw, Nteziyaremye Fidèle we ahanishwa igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu ya 25.000.000Frw, kuko ahakana icyaha. [6] Ndayambaje Ildephonse na Nteziyaremye Fidèle bajuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru. Ndayambaje Ildephonse anenga ko yahawe ibihano birebire kandi yaremeye icyaha, ndetse ko Urukiko ntacyo rwavuze ku isubikagihano yasabye. Nteziyaremye Fidèle we yajuriye anenga ko atagabanyirijwe igihano kandi yaraburanye yemera ko yafatanwe urumogi, ko n’urumogi yafatanwe rutari urwe ahubwo rwari urwa Ndayambaje Ildephonse warusize iwe adahari, asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano, agahabwa igihano gito gishoboka, akanagisubikirwa. [7] Ubushinjacyaha bwasubije ko Nteziyaremye Fidèle na Ndayambaje Ildephonse bagabanyirizwa ibihano hashingiwe ku Itegeko rishya, bagahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000Frw kuri buri wese kuko bemera icyaha, ariko ko batasubikirwa igihano kuko igihano gisubikwa ari ikitarengeje imyaka itanu (5), naho imanza basaba ko zashingirwaho bakagabanyirizwa igihano, zikaba zitagikurikizwa. [8] Mu rubanza RPA 00491/2021/HC/KIG, rwaciwe ku wa 31/07/2024, Urukiko rwasanze Nteziyaremye Fidèle na Ndayambaje Ildephonse baraburanye ku rwego rwa mbere bemera icyaha, rwemeza ko byababera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha bakagabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 2 y’Itegeko N° 059/2023 ryo ku wa 4/12/2023 rihindura itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange ivuga ko igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu gishobora kugabanywa kikagera ku myaka cumi n’itanu (15), n’ihazabu ntijye munsi ya 1/4 cy’ihazabu gito giteganyirijwe icyaha cyakozwe, kuko iryo tegeko ryasohotse urubanza rutaraba ndakuka, rwemeza ko Nteziyaremye Fidèle na Ndayambaje Ildephonse bahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu ya 5.250.000Frw kuri buri wese. [9] Rwasanze kandi icyo gihano kitasubikwa kuko kirengeje igifungo cy’imyaka itanu (5)1, kandi ko batagabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku manza zaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga bagaragaje kuko zaciwe hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 60 y’Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, iyi ngingo ikaba yarahinduwe n’ingingo ya 2 y’Itegeko N° 059/2023 ryo ku wa 4/12/2023 ryavuzwe haruguru. [10] Nteziyaremye Fidèle na Ndayambaje Ildephonse bajuriye mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire urubanza ruhabwa RPAA 00842/2024/CA, CMB RPAA 00862/2024/CA, iburanisha ribera mu ruhame ku wa 09/10/2025 Nteziyaremye Fidèle yunganiwe na Me Mutware Ngaruyinka Innocent, Ndayambaje Ildephonse yitabye atunganiwe, Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Uwanziga Lydia, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu, uwo munsi iburanisha rirasubikwa kugirango Ndayambaje Ildephonse ashakirwe umwunganizi, rwongera kuburanishwa ku wa 04/11/2025 Nteziyaremye

1 Rwabishingiye ku ngingo ya ingingo ya 3 y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange ivuga ko: (1) « Iyo uwakatiwe nta kindi gihano cy’igifungo kirenga amezi 6 yahanishijwe mbere, urukiko rukoresheje icyemezo gisobanura impamvu, rushobora gutegeka gusubika irangiza ry’igihano cyose cyangwa igice cy’igihano cy’iremezo cyangwa cy’ingereka, iyo igihano cy’iremezo cy’igifungo umuntu yakatiwe kitarenze imyaka 5.

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Fidèle yunganiwe nka mbere, Ndayambaje Ildephonse yunganiwe na Me Rutaganira Alexandre, Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Uwanziga Lydia Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [11] Mu myanzuro y’ubujurire no mu miburanire Nteziyaremye Fidèle n’umwunganira basaba ko inyito y’icyaha aregwa yahinduka agahanirwa gufatanwa ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, banasaba ko igihano yahawe cyakongera kubabanywa. Ndayambaje Ildephonse n’umwunganira bo basaba ko yakongera akagabanyirizwa igihano. [12] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko inyito y’icyaha Nteziyaremye Fidèle yahamijwe itahinduka kuko bigaragara ko yarucuruzaga urumogi nk’uko nawe yabyemeye, ko rero igihano hawe n’icyahawe Ndayambaje Ildephonse kitahinduka kuko bakigabanyirijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru bahabwa igihano gito amategeko ateganya. Urukiko rurasuzuma ibibazo bikurikira: 1) Kumenya niba inyito y’icyaha Nteziyaremye Fidèle akurikiranweho yahinduka. 2) Kumenya niba igihano Ndayambaje Ildephonse na Nteziyaremye Fidèle bahawe cyakongera kugabanywa. II. ISESENGURA RY’IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA 1.Kumenya niba inyito y’icyaha Nteziyaremye Fidèle akurikiranweho yahinduka [13] Nteziyaremye Fidèle na Me Mutware Ngaruyinka Innocent umwunganira basaba ko inyito y’icyaha akurikiranweho yahinduka, kuko yafatanwe ibiro bitatu (3) by’urumogi, naho iwe bahasanga ibiro makumyabiri na bitanu (25), ko rero bitakwitwa ko yarucuruzaga kuko ari ingano nto, hashingiwe ku murongo watanzwe mu rubanza RPAA 00867/2024/CA, rwasobanuye ko mu bimenyetso bigaragaza ko uwafatanwe ibiyobyabwenge yari agamije kubikwirakwiza harimo, iminzani yabugenewe, amasashe yo gupfunyikamo ibiyobyabwenge, ubwinshi bw’ibyo basanze aho hantu, urujya n’uruza rw’abantu; nyamara ko Nteziyaremye Fidèle we nta muturage wavuze ko yamubonye acuruza urumogi, n’abamushinja ari abapolisi bamufashe, akaba nta minzani yafatanwe, cyangwa amafaranga yaba yarasanzwe iwe ngo bigaragare ko yarucuruzaga, n’ingano y’urumogi bamufatanye akaba ari ntoya. [14] Basaba ko yagabanyirizwa ibihano, agahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka ibiri, hashingiwe ku ngano nto y’urumogi yafatanwe, kuba ari inshuro ya mbere akurikiranweho icyaha, kuba yari akiri muto, ndetse akaba yarashowe mu cyaha na Ndayambaje Ildephonse amushukisha amafaranga. [15] Uhagarariye ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ibivugwa na Nteziyaremye Fidèle n’umwunganira ko atacuruzaga urumogi nta shingiro bifite, kuko mu Bugenzacyaha abazwa yavuze ko amaze amezi abiri (2) acuruza urumogi, asobanura ko ikiro bakigurishaga 15.000Frw, ko umunzani wafatiwe iwe mu nzu wapimishwaga urumogi, kandi ko impamvu abikora bibujijwe ari amaco y’inda, bityo ko inyito y’icyaha itahinduka kuko ibyo yiyemereye bigaragaza ko yacuruzaga urumogi, hakagumaho n’igihano yahanishijwe. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA

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[16] Impaka kuri iki kibazo zishingiye ku kumenya niba inyito y’icyaha Nteziyaremye Fidèle akurikiranweho yahinduka, agahanirwa icyaha cyo gufatanwa ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, aho kuba icyo gucuruza no kubika urumogi. [17] Ibijyanye no kumenya igishingirwaho ngo Urukiko rwemeze ko ibiyobyabwenge uregwa yafatanwe ari ibyo gucuruza cyangwa gukwirakwiza, byatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu rubanza RPAA 00408/2020/CA rwaciwe ku wa 27/06/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Niyitegeka Augustin, rusobanura ko amagambo ufatanwa, uhinga, ubika, n’utunda akwiye kumvikana mu buryo butandukanye hashingiwe ku ngano y’ibiyobyabwenge n’icyo bigiye gukoreshwa, maze byagaragara ko ingano y’ibiyobyabwenge uregwa yafatanwe ari nini bikaba byashingirwaho hemezwa ko ikigamijwe ari ugucuruza cyangwa gukwirakwiza ibiyobyabwenge, uregwa agahabwa igihano kiremereye, ko bimwe mu bimenyetso byashingirwaho harebwa ko uwafatanwe ibiyobyabwenge yari agamije kubikwirakwiza ari iminzani yabugenewe mu gupima, amasashe yifashishwa mu gupfunyikamo ibiyobyabwenge, amafaranga bafatiye aho hantu, ahakoreshwa nk’ububiko, ubwinshi bw’ibiyobyabwenge bahasanze, urujya n’uruza rw’abantu, abatangabuhamya bemeza ko uwo muntu asanzwe acuruza ibiyobyabwenge. Ibi byanashingiweho mu zindi manza zaciwe n’uru Rukiko urwaciwe bwa nyuma akaba ari urubanza RPAA 01195/2024/CA, rwaciwe ku wa 18/07/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Uwanyirigira Eugènie. [18] Nk’uko dosiye ibigaragaza, Nteziyaremye Fidèle aburana mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye yavuze ko icyaha yemera ari icyo kubika urumogi, maze mu rubanza RP 00263/2022/TGI/GIC, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gicumbi rushingira ku bimenyetso bigizwe no kuba Nteziyaremye Fidèle abazwa mu Bugenzacyaha yarasobanuye ko urumogi yafatanwe rwazanwaga n'abakozi ba Ndayambaje Ildephonse akarumubikira, yabona umuguzi akajya kurufata akarugurisha, we akamuhemba, kuba yaravuze ko yaherekeje abana bakoreraga Ndayambaje Ildephonse inshuro icumi bagiye kurugurisha, bakabishyura 15.000Frw ku kilo, no kuba yaremeye ko umunzani bamusanganye wapimishwaga urumogi, maze urwo Rukiko rwemeza ko ahamwa n’icyaha cyo kubika no gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi. [19] Na none mu rubanza rujuririrwa bigaragara ko Nteziyaremye Fidèle yajuriye mu Rukiko Rukuru asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano kuko yemera icyaha cyo kubika no gucuruza urumogi, maze rushingira kuri uko kwemera icyaha, rumugabanyiriza igihano, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu ya 5.250.000Frw. [20] Nk’uko dosiye ibigaragaza, Nteziyaremye Fidèle abazwa mu Bugenzacyaha yemeye icyaha cyo gutunda, kubika no gucuruza urumogi asobanura ko afatwa yari afite ibiro 3 naho ibiro 25 yari abibitse iwe mu rugo, ko urwo rumogi yaruzanirwaga n’abakozi ba Ndayambaje Ildephonse, anemera ko yaherekeje inshuro 10 abana baruzanaga barushyiriye abakiriya ba Ndayambaje Ildephonse, ikiro bakigurisha 15.000Frw, kandi ko umunzani basanze iwe ari uwo bapimishaga urumogi. [21] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ibyo Nteziyaremye Fidèle n’umwunganira basaba ko inyito y’icyaha yahinduka agahanirwa icyaha cyo gufatanwa urumogi, nta shingiro bifite, kuko yaburanye ku rwego rwa mbere yemera ko yabitse urumogi, mu Rukiko Rukuru yemera ko yabitse urumogi akanarucuruza, naho mu Bugenzacyaha akaba yarasobanuye aho yakuraga urumogi, igiciro yarugurishaga, ko yaherekezaga abagiye kurugurisha, ko n’umunzani bamusanganye wari

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uwo gupima urumogi, ikindi kandi akaba yarafatanwe ingano nini y’urumogi kuko yari afite ibiro 3, abitse ibiro 25 mu nzu, bityo hashingiwe kuri ibyo bimenyetso no ku murongo watanzwe mu rubanza rwavuzwe haruguru, ibikorwa Nteziyaremye Fidèle yakoze nk’uko n’inkiko zibanza zabibonye, bigize icyaha cyo kubika no gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi aho kuba kurufatanwa, bityo inyito y’icyaha ikaba idakwiye guhinduka, igabanyagihano asaba rishingiye ku guhindura inyito y’icyaha naryo rikaba bitashoboka. [22] Ku bivugwa na Nteziyaremye Fidèle n’umwunganira ko hashingirwa ku rubanza RPAA 00867/2024/CA, akagabanyirizwa igihano kuko urumogi yari abitse n’urwo yafatanwe ari ingano nto, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nta shingiro bifite, kuko uwaregwaga muri urwo rubanza bavuga yari yafatanwe udupfunyika 22 tw’urumogi mu gihe Nteziyaremye Fidèle yafatanwe ibiro bitatu (3) by’urumogi, iwe bakahasanga ibiro byarwo 25, byumvikana rero ko iyo ngano ari nini, cyane cyane ko hari n’ibindi bimenyetso byavuzwe haruguru bigaragaza ko yacuruje akanabika urumogi. 2.Kumenya niba Ndayambaje Ildephonse na Nteziyaremye Fidèle bakongera kugabanyirizwa igihano [23] Ndayambaje Ildephonse na Me Rutaganira Alexandre umwunganira bavuga ko igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) yahanishijwe koko ari cyo gihano gito itegeko riteganya, ariko ko Urukiko rwashingira ku bushobozi rufite akongera akagabanyirizwa igihano akajya kubaka igihugu kuko icyo gihano ari kinini. [24] Nteziyaremye Fidèle na Me Mutware Ngaruyinka Innocent umwunganira basaba ko hashingirwa ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha zirimo kuba yarashowe mu cyaha na Ndayambaje Ildephonse, amushukisha amafaranga amubwira ko azajya amuha akazi, no kuba yari akiri muto, akongera kugabanyirizwa igihano, agahabwa kimwe cya kabiri cy’igifungo yahanishijwe kugirango asubire mu muryango. [25] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko igihano Ndayambaje Ildephonse na Nteziyaremye Fidèle bahawe kitakongera kugabanywa kuko bakigabanyirijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, rushingiye ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha no ku ngingo ya 2 y’Itegeko Nº059/2023 ryo ku wa 4/12/2023 rihindura itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru22, bahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu ya 5.250.000Frw, ko rero igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) bahawe ari cyo gito giteganywa n’Itegeko, kandi n’ihazabu ikaba yaragabanyijwe, bityo ko batagaraza icyo banenga urubanza rwajuririwe nk’uko amategeko abiteganya3 kuko ibihano bahawe byagabanyijwe ku buryo buhagije, hashingiwe ku murongo watanzwe mu rubanza RPA

2 Iyo ngingo iteganya ko: “iyo Umucamanza yemeje impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, igifungo cya burundu gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu ikaba yagabanywa ariko ntige munsi ya kimwe cya kane cy’ihazabu nto iteganyirijwe icyaha cyakazwe’’.

3 Abishingira ku ngingo ya 183 y’Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza nshinjabyaha, iteganya ko: “Ubujurire bukorwa mu buryo bw’umwanzuro utanga ikirego, ugaragaza ibi bikurikira: 5° urutonde rw’inenge z’urubanza zisabirwa gukosorwa n’ibindi bibazo bigomba gusuzumwa; 6° ibisobanuro kuri buri nenge cyangwa kuri buri kibazo bigaragaza amakosa yakozwe n’uburyo agomba gukosorwa hashingiwe ku mategeko n’ibimenyetso n’igisabwa urukiko”.

## Page 8

0129/10/CS rwaciwe ku wa 07/03/2014, Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Mpitabakana4, ko rero hagumaho imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [26] Impaka kuri iki kibazo zishingiye ku kumenya niba ibihano Ndayambaje Ildephonse na Nteziyaremye Fidèle bahanishijwe byakongera kugabanywa. [27] Ku birebana n’icyaha cyo gukora ibikorwa byerekeranye n’ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa urusobe rw’imiti ikoreshwa nka byo (urumogi) mu buryo bunyuranije n’amategeko, ingingo ya 11 y’Itegeko N° 69/2019 ryo ku wa 08/11/2019 rihindura Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange iteganya ko: “Umuntu wese ukora, uhinga, uhindura, utunda, ubika, uha undi, ugurisha mu gihugu ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa urusobe rw’imiti ikoreshwa nka byo mu buryo bunyuranije n’amategeko, aba akoze icyaha. Iyo abihamijwe n’Urukiko ahanishwa: 1º igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda arenze miliyoni makumyabiri (20.000.000 Frw) ariko atarenze miliyoni mirongo itatu (30.000.000 Frw) ku byerekeye ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye;” [28] Ku bijyanye no kumenya igihano gito gishobora guhabwa umuburanyi wahamijwe icyaha gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu mu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwabitanzeho umurongo mu rubanza RPAA 00538/2024/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 21/01/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Cyuzuzo Jean Claude, rusobanura ko iyo hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemejwe n’Umucamanza icyaha gihanishwa igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu, icyo gihano gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu ikaba yagabanywa ariko ntige munsi ya kimwe cya kane cy’ihazabu nto iteganyirijwe icyaha cyakozwe. Uyu murongo wagiye ukurikizwa mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’uru Rukiko, harimo urubanza RPAA 00885/2024/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 16/05/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nshimiyimana Eric. [29] Nk’uko imikirize y’urubanza rujurirwa ibigaragaza, Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze Ndayambaje Ildephonse ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi rumugabanyiriza igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20) n’ihazabu ya 21.000.000Frw yari yahanishijwe ku rwego rwa mbere rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu ya 5.250.000Frw. Rwasanze kandi Nteziyaremye Fidèle ahamwa n’icyaha cyo kubika no gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi rumugabanyiriza igihano, kiva ku gifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu ya 25.000.000Frw, ahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu ya 5.250.000Frw, kubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha rwagaragaje. [30] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga, nk’uko byasobanuwe mu zindi manza zaciwe n’uru Rukiko zavuzwe haruguru, igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) Ndayambaje Ildephonse na Nteziyaremye Fidèle bahanishijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, kitakongera kugabanywa kuko cyagabanyijwe bihagije kandi kikaba aricyo gihano gito cy’igifungo giteganyijwe ku byaha bahamijwe, mu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemejwe n’Umucamanza, igihano cy’ihazabu

4 Uwo murongo wasobanuye ko: “Uregwa ntiyongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano, iyo mu bujurire Urukiko rusanga yarabigabanyirijwe bihagije, harebwe uburemere bw’icyaha n’uburyo icyaha cyakozwemo”.

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ya 5.250.000Frw, nacyo kikaba kitakongera kugabanywa, kuko gihwanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha cyakozwe cyo gucuruza n’icyo kubika ingano nini y’ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi. [31] Hashingiwe rero ku bimaze gusobanurwa, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu ya 5.250.000Frw, Ndayambaje Ildephonse na Nteziyaremye Fidèle bahanishijwe kitakongera kugabanywa, bityo hakaba hagumyeho imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [32] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Ndayambaje Ildephonse n’ubwatanzwe na Nteziyaremye Fidèle nta shingiro bufite; [33] Rwemeje ko urubanza RPA 00491/2022/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 31/07/2024, rugumanye agaciro mu ngingo zarwo zose; [34] Rwemeje ko inyito y’icyaha Nteziyaremye Fidèle yahamijwe cyo gucuruza no kubika ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, idahindutse; [35] Rutegetse ko igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.250.000Frw, Ndayambaje Ildephonse na Nteziyaremye Fidèle bahawe, kigumyeho.