UBUSHINJACYAHA v NDAYIKENGURUTSE

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v NDAYIKENGURUTSE

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2024-12-20 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00308/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v NDAYIKENGURUTSE [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE - RPAA 00308/2024/CA (Ndahayo, P.J) 20 Ukuboza 2024] Amategeko agenga imanza nshinjabyaha – Igisobanuro cy’amagambo – Gucuruza – Gukwirakwiza ibiyobyabwenge – Amagambo arebana no gufatanwa (avugwa mu gika cya mbere cy’ingingo ya 263), gukora, guhinga, guhindura, gutunda, kubika (avugwa mu gika cya 3 cy’iyo ngingo) agomba kumvikana hakurikijwe ingano y’ibiyobyabwenge n’ikigiye gukoreshwa ibiyobyabwenge uregwa yarafatanwe, yakoze, yahinze, yahinduye, yatunze, yabitse maze byagaragara ko kuri buri gikorwa muri ibyo ikigamijwe ari ukubikoresha ku giti cye (simple drug possession) uregwa agahabwa ibihano bito ariko byagaragara ko ingano y’ibiyobyabwenge yafatanwe ari nini bikaba byashingirwaho hemezwa ko ataribyo gukoresha ku giti cye ahubwo ikigamijwe ari ugucuruza cyangwa gukwirakwiza (drugs trafficking/drug distribution) ibiyobyabwenge uregwa agahabwa igihano kiremereye. Amategeko agenga ibimenyetso n’itangwa ryabyo – Ibimenyetso mu manza nshinjabyaha – Abatangabuhamya – Nubwo abatangabuhamya babajijwe baba bafite icyo bapfa n’abaregwa, ibyo ntibyafatwa nk’umuziro kuribo utuma batabazwa, icy’ingenzi ni uko imvugo yabo itapfa kwemerwa cyangwa ngo ihakanwe itabanje gusuzumwa n’Urukiko. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ubushinjacyaha bwareze NDAYIKENGURUTSE Shinwa Gervais mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye, rumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo kubika no gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, kuko abashinzwe umutekano bamufatiye ku musarani ashaka kujugunyamo agapfunyika afite bakarebamo bagasanga harimo udupfunyika 62 tw’urumogi, hakaba hari n’abatangabuhamya, na raporo y’inzego z’ibanze zivuga ko asanzwe acuruza urumogi. Akaba yaraburanye ahakana icyaha, akavuga ko yigeze kurucuruza kugeza mu 2018, ariko ko uriya munsi ruriya rumogi atari urwe ahubwo ko ari urwo yatezwe n’abo yatangagaho amakuru ko barucuruza. Urwo rukiko rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko ahanwa n’icyaha ashinjwa, rumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda miliyoni makumyabiri n’imwe, ndetse rutegeka ko utubule 62 tw’urumogi rwafatiriwe runyagwa rugatwikwa. Yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru avuga ko yahamijwe icyaha atakoze, nta bimenyetso bidashidikanywaho bigaragajwe uretse imvugo z’abashinzwe umutekano yari afitanye na bo ikibazo, nta muturage wabajijwe. Urwo rukiko rwemeje ko ikirego cy’ubujurire cya NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Gervais gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe, ko urubanza ajuririra ruhindutse gusa ku gihano, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka cumi 15 n’ihazabu ya miliyoni 5, kuri iyo hazabu, akishyura amafaranga ibihumbi 300.000 Frw, andi 4.700.000 Frw agasubikwa mu gihe cy’umwaka 1. Yongeye kujuririra mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwamuhamije icyaha cyo gucuruza urumogi kandi ntacyo yakoze ahubwo yararufatanwe gusa, kuko nta bimenyetso bihari byerekana ko yafashwe acuruza urumogi, agasaba Urukiko kwemeza ko yakoze icyaha cyo gufatanwa urumogi; rukamuhanisha igihano k’igifungo kingana n’umwaka umwe, ariko Ubushinjacyaha bwo bukavuga ko hashingiwe ku bimenyetso birimo abaguzi babonetse, bakaba ari abarunywaga ariko baruguze iwe, asaba Urukiko kwemeza ko atari ukurufatanwa gusa ahubwo anarucuruza, asaba Urukiko kwemeza ko agumana ibihano bahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru.

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Incamake y’icyemezo: Mu gusesengura ingingo ya 263 y’Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange nk’uko yahinduwe kugeza ubu, amagambo arebana no gufatanwa (avugwa mu gika cya mbere cyayo), gukora, guhinga, guhindura, gutunda, kubika (avugwa mu gika cya 3 cy’iyo ngingo) agomba kumvikana hakurikijwe ingano y’ibiyobyabwenge n’ikigiye gukoreshwa ibiyobyabwenge uregwa yafatanwe, yakoze, yahinze, yahinduye, yatunze, yabitse, maze byagaragara ko kuri buri gikorwa muri ibyo ikigamijwe ari ukubikoresha ku giti cye (simple drug possession), uregwa agahabwa ibihano bito, ariko byagaragara ko ingano y’ibiyobyabwenge yafatanwe ari nini bikaba byashingirwaho hemezwa ko atari ibyo gukoresha ku giti cye, ahubwo ikigamijwe ari ugucuruza cyangwa gukwirakwiza ibiyobyabwenge, maze agahabwa igihano kiremereye. Bityo, kuba bavuga ko icyabaye ari ukurufatanwa atari ukurucuruza bagasobanura ko boules 62 z’urumogi ari ruke ko umuntu yarubika agamije kurunywa gusa, ibi nabyo nta shingiro bifite kuko urumogi rungana n’udupfunyika 62 ari ingano nini, ikaba itakwitiranywa n’urwo gukoresha ku giti cye (simple drug possession), nk’uko abivuga, ahubwo bigaragara ko icyari kigamijwe ari ugucuruza cyangwa gukwirakwiza ibiyobyabwenge, kuko yanasanganywe abari baje kugura n’ubwo birutse batararugura. Akaba ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, aho kuba icyo kurufatanwa. Nubwo abatangabuhamya babajijwe baba bafite icyo bapfa n’abaregwa, ibyo ntibyafatwa nk’umuziro kuribo utuma batabazwa, icy’ingenzi ni uko imvugo yabo itapfa kwemerwa cyangwa ngo ihakanwe itabanje gusuzumwa n’Urukiko. Bityo, ku bijyanye no kuba NDAYIKENGURUTS E Chinwa Gervais n’umwunganira bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rutagombaga gushingira ku batangabuhamya b’abasecurite bavuga ko bamufashe kuko bemeza ko basanze Chinwa ari kumwe n’abandi bantu bari kunywa itabi maze bagahita biruka kandi bari basanzwe bafitanye amakimbirane n’abo ba securite, akaba atahamwa no kurucuruza ahubwo ari ukurufatanwa gusa, nta shingiro bifite kuko abazwa mu bugenzacyaha ku kibazo n’igisubizo cya 9, ubwe yasobanuye ko abamufashe nta cyo bapfa, akaba arero atabiburanisha avuga ko bafitanye amakimbirane kuko nta bimenyetso abitangira uretse guhimba icyo bapfa mu magambo gusa, kandi n’iyo cyaba gihari, ntiwaba umuziro utuma batatanga ubuhamya mu gihe bafite ubumenyi ku byabaye, aho bamusanganye n’abandi bakiruka akaba ariwe urufatanwa. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Nta mategeko yashingiweho Imanza zifashishijwe: RPAA 0117/07/CS, Cpl Ngabonziza Faustin na Sgt Biziyaremye Jean Baptiste, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 17/09/2010; RPAA 00408/2020/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Niyitegeka Augustin, rwaciye n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/06/2022; RPAA 00098/2023/CA, Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Tugirinshuti Alexis, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 26/04/2024; RPAA 00031/2022/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Musabyimana Valens, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/02/2024; RPAA 00148/2023/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Uwamungu Jean de Dieu, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/6/2024;

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RPAA 00386/2023/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Nsengamungu Philippe, rwaciwe ku wa 28/06/2024. Urubanza IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku wa 29/12/2020 mu Nkambi ya Mahama, abashinzwe umutekano bageze ku kabari kari hafi yo kwa NDAYIKENGURUTSE Shinwa Gervais, hari abasore benshi, bariruka, NDAYIKENGURUTSE afatwirwa ku musarani. Abashinzwe umutekano bakavuga ko yashakaga kujugunya agapfunyika mu musarani bakarebye basanga harimo udupfunyika 62 tw’urumogi. Hashingiwe ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya, raporo y’inzego z’ibanze bavuga ko asanzwe acuruza urumogi, Ubushinjacyaha bwamukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo kubika no gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi. [2] NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Gervais yaburanye ahakana icyaha, akavuga ko yigeze kurucuruza kugeza mu 2018, ariko ko uriya munsi ruriya rumogi atari urwe ahubwo ko ari urwo yatezwe n’abo yatangagaho amakuru ko barucuruza. [3] Mu rubanza No RP 00044/2021/TGI/NGOMA rwaciwe ku wa 25/03/2021, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma rwemeje ko icyaha cyo kubika no kugurisha ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw‘urumogi gihama NDAYIKENGURUTSE CHINWA Gervais rumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda miliyoni makumyabiri n’imwe, ndetse rutegeka ko utubule 62 tw’urumogi rwafatiriwe runyagwa rugatwikwa. [4] Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma rwashingiye icyemezo cyarwo ku kuba hari ibimenyetso bitangwa bigizwe n’imvugo z’abashinzwe umutekano mu nkambi bemeza ko bafashe NDAYIKENGURUTSE CHINWA Gervais arimo acuruza urumogi ndetse abo yari amaze kurugurisha bakaba bari barimo kurunywa aho ngaho babikanze bariruka we ashaka kujya guta mu musarane urwo yari afite bamwirukaho bararumufatana basanga ari udupfunyika 62, rusanga ibyo NDAYIKENGURUTSE CHINWA Gervais yireguje avuga ko urwo rumogi ntarwo bamufatanye, nta shingiro bifite kuko n’ibyo avuga yapfaga n’abo bamufashe nta kimenyetso abitangira kandi na raporo y’ubuyobozi nayo ivuga ko yari asanzwe acuruza urumogi. [5] NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Gervais yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana, avuga ko yahamijwe icyaha atakoze, nta bimenyetso bidashidikanywaho bigaragajwe uretse imvugo z’abashinzwe umutekano yari afitanye na bo ikibazo, hatagize umuturage ubajijwe. [6] Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko impamvu z’ubujurire nta shingiro zahabwa kuko mu rubanza rujuririrwa yahamijwe icyaha hashingiwe ku mvugo z’abasekirite bamufashe atagaragaza ikimenyetso cy’icyo bapfa kandi yasinye ku nyandikomvugo y’ifatira ry’udupfunyika 62. [7] Mu rubanza No RPA 00511/2021/HC/RWG rwaciwe ku wa 26/04/2024, rwemeje ko ikirego cy’ubujurire cya NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Gervais gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe; rwemeje ko urubanza No RP 00044/2021/TGI/NGOMA rwaciwe ku wa 25/03/2021 n’Urukiko

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Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma ruhindutse gusa ku gihano; rwemeza ko ibikorwa NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Geravais akurikiranyweho bigize icyaha cyo kugirisha ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi; rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15 ans) n’ihazabu ya miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000 Frw) ; kuri iyo hazabu, akishyura amafaranga ibihumbi magana atatu (300.000 Frw); andi mafaranga 4.700.000 Frw agasubikwa mu gihe cy’umwaka umwe (1 an). [8] Urukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa Rwamagana rwashingiye icyemezo cyarwo ku kuba ibimenyetso byatanzwe birimo imvugo z’uregwa, inyandikomvugo y’ifatira, imvugo z’abatangabuhamya bamufashe ndetse n’ibyo avuga byo kuba baramutwereye urumogi yabivuguruje; ibi bigahuzwa n’ingano y’urumogi rwafatiriwe, udupfunyika 62, kandi n’iwe hari abantu banywa urumogi, abatangabuhamya bakavuga ko abirutse bari baruguze kwa NDAYIKENGURUTSE Shinwa Gervais, ariko ko bo yari atararubaha. [9] NDAYIKENGURUTSE Shinwa Gervais, yajuririye muri uru Rukiko urubanza ruhabwa No RPAA 00308/2024/CA, ruburanishwa ku wa 05/12/2024, NDAYIKENGURUTSE Shinwa yunganiwe na Me MWIMA Michel, Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na PN NKUSI Faustin, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [10] Mu myanzuro ya NDAYIKENGURUTSE Shinwa Gervais n’umwunganiye mu mategeko bavuga ko, Urukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa Rwamagana rwamuhamije icyaha cyo gucuruza urumogi kandi ntacyo yakoze ahubwo yararufatanwe gusa, kuko nta bimenyetso bihari byerekana ko yafashwe acuruza urumogi, bagasaba Urukiko kwemeza ko NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Gervain yakoze icyaha cyo gufatanwa urumogi; rukamuhanisha igihano k’igifungo kingana n’umwaka umwe. [11] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha we avuga ko hashingiwe ku bimenyetso birimo abaguzi babonetse kwa NDAYIKENGURUTSE Gervais bakaba ari abarunywaga ariko baruguze iwe, asaba Urukiko kwemeza ko atari ukurufatanwa gusa ahubwo anarucuruza, asaba Urukiko kwemeza ko agumana ibihano bahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru. [12] Urukiko rushingiye ku mpaka ziri muri uru rubanza, rusanga ikibazo gikwiye gusuzuma ari ikijyanye no kumenya niba inyito y’icyaha NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Gervais yahamijwe yahinduka, agahamwa no gufatanwa urumogi aho kuba icyaha cyo gucuruza urumogi, aganishwa igihano gito. II. ISESENGURA RY’IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA  Kumenya niba inyito y’icyaha NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Gervais yahamijwe yahinduka, agahamwa no gufatanwa urumogi aho kuba icyaha cyo gucuruza urumogi, aganishwa igihano gito. [13] NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Gervais n’umwunganira bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwashingiye ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya maze rwemeza ko Chinwa ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gucuruza urumogi nyamara icyo cyaha ntacyo yakoze, kuko nta bimenyetso bihari byerekana ko Chinwa yafashwe acuruza urumogi birimo nko kuba arubitse afite depot cyangwa se amafaranga

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yishyurwa n’abamuguriye ngo abe yaranafatiriwe, ahubwo ibihari ngo ni ibyerekana ko yarufatanwe gusa. [14] Bakomeza bavuga ko ku kijyanye n’abatangabuhamya (abasekirite) bafashe Chinwa mu mvugo zabo bose bemezako basanze Chinwa ari kumwe n’abandi bantu bari kunywa itabi maze bagahita biruka, ariko Chinwa akaza gufatwa ari guhisha urumogi utubule 62 mu bwiherero, kuba rero ngo barabirukankanye gusa ubwabyo si ugucuruza ahubwo ni ukunywa itabi, ikindi kuba ashinjwa n’aba securities gusa kandi bafitanye amakimbirane hakaba nta n’inyandiko imushinja ihari y’umwe mu bavugwa ko yarubagurishije, Urukiko rukaba ntaho rwagombaga guhera rumuhamya icyaha cyo gucuruza urumogi, kuko n’abamufashe ntawe muri bo wigeze avuga ko we yiboneye n’amaso ye Chinwa agurisha urumogi abandi bantu [15] Bongera gushingira ku ngingo ya 62 y’itegeko ry’ibimenyetso hamwe n’ingingo ya 107 y’Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza nshinjabyaha, no ku mirongo yatanzwe n’uru Rukiko mu manza zitandukanye zirimo n’urubanza Nº RPAA 00367/2022/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 23/11/2023 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na SIBORUREMA Protogène (igika cya 32)1, urubanza Nº RPAA 00436/2020/CA rwaciwe ku wa 28/06/2022 rw’Ubushinjacyaha na AHIMPEREYE NDEZE François, aho Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwasobanuye ko “umuntu atagirwa umucuruzi w’ibiyobyabwenge no kuba hari abaguzi babonetse aho acururiza, ahubwo ko igihe cyose afite ibicuruzwa kandi yiteguye kubiha umuntu wese umugana ashaka ibyo agurisha”, bagasaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gushingira ku kuba Chinwa yarafatanwe udupfunyika 62 tw’urumogi kandi akaba nta kimenyetso gihari kigaragaza umugambi we wo gurucuza urwo rumogi, rukemeza ko urwo rumogi yafatanwe ari urwo kunywa gusa (simple possession) aho kuba urwo gucuruza (drugs trafficking/drug distribution) kuko 62 boules atari rwinshi umuntu yarufatanwa agamije kurunywa gusa. [16] Bityo, kuba nta kimenyetso cyatanzwe n’uwaruguze kwa Chinwa nawe akaba atararufatanwe agurisha uretse kuba abamushinja barashingiye ku mabwire gusa, akaba asanga Chinwa yarakoze icyaha cyo gufatanwa no urumogi rwo kunywa ku giti cye , bityo ko yari akwiye guhanwa hashingiwe ku Itegeko nº 69/2019 ryo ku wa 08/11/2019 rihindura Itegeko nº 68/2018 mu ngingo ya 11 igika cya 32, no ku ngingo ya 49 y’Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ivuga ko: Umucamanza atanga igihano akurikije uburemere bw'icyaha, ingaruka icyaha cyateye, impamvu zatumye agikora, uko uwagikoze yari

1 Amagambo arebana no gufatanwa (avugwa mu gika cya mbere cy’ingingo ya 263), gukora, guhinga, guhindura, gutunda, kubika (avugwa mu gika cya 3 cy’iyo ngingo) agomba kumvikana hakurikijwe ingano y’ibiyobyabwenge n’ikigiye gukoreshwaibiyobyabwenge uregwa yarafatanwe, yakoze, yahinze, yahinduye, yatunze, yabitse maze byagaragara ko kuri buri gikorwa muri ibyo ikigamijwe ari ukubikoresha ku giti cye (simple drug possession) uregwa agahabwa ibihano bito ariko byagaragara ko ingano y’ibiyobyabwenge yafatanwe ari nini bikaba byashingirwaho hemezwa ko ataribyo gukoresha ku giti cye ahubwo ikigamijwe ari ugucuruza cyangwa gukwirakwiza (drugs trafficking/drug distribution) ibiyobyabwenge uregwa agahabwa igihano kiremereye. 2 “Umuntu wese ufatanwa, urya, unywa, witera, uhumeka cyangwa wisiga mu buryo ubwo aribwo bwose ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa urusobe rw’imiti ikoreshwa nka byo, aba akoze icyaha. Umuntu wese uhamijwe n’urukiko gukora ibikorwa bivugwa mu gika cya mbere cy’iyi ngingo, ahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’umwaka umwe (1) ariko kitarenze imyaka ibiri (2) cyangwa imirimo y’inyungu rusange.

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asanzwe yitwara, imibereho ye bwite n’uburyo icyaha cyakozwemo, n’Ingingo ya 2 Itegeko nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ivuga ko: Iyo umucamanza yemeje impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ashobora kugabanya igihano ku buryo bukurikira: (b) igifungo kimara igihe kizwi kiva ku mezi 6 kuzamura gishobora kugabanywa, ariko ntikijye munsi ya kimwe cya kabiri cy’igihano gito giteganyirijwe icyaha cyakozwe; Chinwa akazahanishwa igihano k’igifungo kingana n’umwaka umwe kubera ko afite impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zo kuba ari ubwa mbere akurikiranyweho icyaha, no kuba ari umuntu usanzwe utari umunyarugomo, kandi n’icyaha yakoze kikaba kitaratege ngaruka zikomeye. [17] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ku bijyanye no kuba Ndayikengurutse asaba guhindurirwa inyito kuko icyaha yemera ari ukunywa no gufatanwa urumogi, akaba yari afite rwinshi kuko yari arimo kwiteganyiriza kugirango azarunywe ukwezi kose kuko hari muri COVID, Ubushinjacyaha burasanga nta shingiro bifite kuko icyaha cyamuhamye atari ukunywa no gufatanwa urumogi, ahubwo akaba atagaragaza amakosa n’inenge agaragara mu rubanza ajuririra nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 183 y’Itegeko nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha ryahinduwe n’Itegeko nº 058/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023, kuko no kuba yaravuze ko yarucuruzaga akaba yarabiretse ntibyatandukanywa no kuba yarabifatanwe abicuruza nk’uko abatangabuhamya NKUNDWANABAKE Felicien na MVUNANDINDA Jean Claude (abasekirite b'inkambi) bavuze ko bari kuri patrol babona abahungu bari kunywa urumogi bari hamwe na CHINWA hafi y''umusarane bahita biruka naho CHINWA yirukira mu musarane bahita bamusangamo, babona arimo gushaka gusunikira agapfunyika mu musarane ari nabwo bakarebye basanga ni urumogi, babaze basanga ni boules 62, bakaba kandi bari basanzwe baziko acuruza urumogi. [18] Akomeza avuga ko ibindi bimenyetso batanga ari nka raporo y’inkambi yagaragaje ko uregwa atari ubwa mbere agaragaweho imico mibi y’itabi, no kuba yarasinye ku nyandikomvugo y’ifatira rya boules 62 z’urumogi, kandi akaba atari nke nk’uko umwunganira abivuga, ahubwo yari agamije gucuruza hagendewe ku ngano yabyo, kandi hakaba hari n’abatangabuhamya bavuze ko CHINWA yafatanwe abantu bari iwe bakiruka bigaragara ko bari baje kugura. [19] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha kandi ashingira no ku murongo watanzwe mu rubanza Nº RPAA 00031/2022/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/02/2024, Ubushinjacyaha buburana na MUSABYIMANA Valens (igika cya 16), hasobanuwemo ko umuntu atagirwa umucuruzi w’ibiyobyabwenge no kuba hari abaguzi babonetse aho acururiza, ahubwo igihe cyose afite ibicuruzwa kandi yiteguye kubiha umuntu wese umugana ashaka ibyo agurisha, aba ari umucuruzi w’ibiyobyabwenge, bityo rero ngo n’ubwo ababuranyi bakunze kwibanda ku kuba nta mafaranga yafatanwe abakiriya, atari ngombwa kuko harebwe udupfunyika yafatanwe, hashingiwe nko ku rubanza No RPAA 00353/2022/CA ku wa 29/04/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha v. BIZIKI Chantal n’izindi nyinshi, iyo ibyo byose bihujwe n’ibindi bimenyetso ukaba utabasha kubivuguruza urubanza rukwiye kugaragara ko ntacyo urunenga, asaba ko hazagumaho icyemezo cyafashwe n’urubanza rujuririrwa. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA

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[20] Impaka muri uru rubanza zishingiye ku kumenya niba inyito y’icyaha NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Gervais yahamijwe yahinduka, agahamwa no gufatanwa urumogi aho kuba icyaha cyo gucuruza urumogi, akaba yahabwa igihano gito. [21] Mu gusesengura hakwifashishwa ibyemejwe mu rubanza Nº RPAA 00408/2020/CA 3 rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/06/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na NIYITEGEKA Augustin, uru rukiko rwasesenguye ingingo ya 263 y’Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange nk’uko yahinduwe kugeza ubu, rusobanura ko amagambo arebana no gufatanwa (avugwa mu gika cya mbere cyayo), gukora, guhinga, guhindura, gutunda, kubika (avugwa mu gika cya 3 cy’iyo ngingo) agomba kumvikana hakurikijwe ingano y’ibiyobyabwenge n’ikigiye gukoreshwa ibiyobyabwenge uregwa yafatanwe, yakoze, yahinze, yahinduye, yatunze, yabitse, maze byagaragara ko kuri buri gikorwa muri ibyo ikigamijwe ari ukubikoresha ku giti cye (simple drug possession), uregwa agahabwa ibihano bito, ariko byagaragara ko ingano y’ibiyobyabwenge yafatanwe ari nini bikaba byashingirwaho hemezwa ko atari ibyo gukoresha ku giti cye, ahubwo ikigamijwe ari ugucuruza cyangwa gukwirakwiza ibiyobyabwenge, maze agahabwa igihano kiremereye. [22] Dosiye igaragaza ko ku wa 30/12/2020, NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Gervais abazwa mu bugenzacyaha yahakanye icyaha avuga ko nta rumogi yafatanwe, ko urwo abasecurite basanze mu musarani ari uwari warumuteze witwa DAWERA kugira ngo bavuge ko ari urwe afatwe kuko yanze ko bafatanya kurucuruza, ndetse akaba yaremeye ko yigeze kurucuruza ariko ko yari yarabiretse kubera kubura igishoro, yongeraho ko impamvu abafashwe bose bavuga ko baruguze iwe, ari uko baba bahishira ba shebuja, naho ibyo kuba rucururizwa hafi y’aho atuye ari uko aturanye n’akabari bakahaza, asoza avuga ko abamufashe nta kibazo bafitanye. [23] Dosiye igaragaza kandi ko NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Gervais abazwa mu bushinjacyaha ku wa 07/01/2021, yahakanye icyaha aregwa, asobanura ko urumogi yafatanwe atari urwe, kuko barukuye muri toilette y'abaturanyi, kandi ko ubwo abo basekirite bamufashe aribo baruzanye kuko aribo bafitanye ikibazo cy'uko bari baramwibye amahera (amafaranga mu Kirundi) bakanamukomeretsa mu mutwe ubwo bari bafatanyije n'abandi bakorana. [24] Dosiye igaragaza inyandikomvugo yo ku wa 04/01/2021, MVUNANINDA Jean Claude na NKUNDWANABAKE Felicien bakaba aba securite bo mu nkambi ya Mahama, babazwa mu bugenzacyaha basobanuye ko bari mu bafashe NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Gervais, agerageza gusunika agapfunyika karimo urumogi muri toilette bagahita barufata atararutamo nawe bakamufata, ndetse akaba yaremereye imbere ya Commanda wa Police ko urumogi boules 62 afatanwe ari urwe, commanda agahita amujyana kuri police. Bakomeza bavuga kandi ko yafatanwe n’abandi bari baje kurugura, hakaba n’abaturage baje bahuruye bavugaga ko Chinwa yari yarabananiye ko noneho afashwe. [25] Dosiye igaragaza kandi raporo y’ubuyobozi bw’inkambi ya Mahama yo ku wa 31/12/2020, aho NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Gervais uregwa atuye, nayo yamushinje ko asanzwe acuruza urumogi kandi yagiye afungwa kenshi agafungurwa akabikomeza ndetse agatera ubwoba abaturanyi be babaga batanze amakuru, iyo raporo ikaba imusabira gukurikiranwa n’amategeko

3 Reba urubanza Nº RPAA 00408/2020/CA rwaciye n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/06/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na NIYITEGEKA Augustin (igika cya 14-18).

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akabihanirwa. Hakaba n’inyandikomvugo y’ifatira yo ku wa 30/12/2020, igaragaza ko NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Gervais afatanwe urumogi boules 62 akabisinyira yemera ko ari urwe. [26] Urukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa Rwamagana rwahamije NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Gervais icyaha cyo kugurisha ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, rushingiye ku bimenyetso byatanzwe birimo imvugo z’uregwa, inyandikomvugo y’ifatira, imvugo z’abatangabuhamya bamufashe, kuko n’ibyo kuba baramutwereye urumogi yabivuguruje; bigahuzwa n’ingano y’urumogi rwafatiriwe rungana n’udupfunyika 62, no kuba iwe hari abantu banywa urumogi, abatangabuhamya bakavuga ko abirutse bari baruguze kwa NDAYIKENGURUTSE Shinwa Gervais, ariko ko bo yari atararubaha. [27] Ku bijyanye no kuba NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Gervais n’umwunganira bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rutagombaga gushingira ku batangabuhamya b’abasecurite bavuga ko bamufashe kuko bemeza ko basanze Chinwa ari kumwe n’abandi bantu bari kunywa itabi maze bagahita biruka kandi bari basanzwe bafitanye amakimbirane n’abo ba securite, bityo akaba atahamwa no kurucuruza ahubwo ari ukurufatanwa gusa, nta shingiro bifite kuko abazwa mu bugenzacyaha ku kibazo n’igisubizo cya 9, ubwe yasobanuye ko abamufashe nta cyo bapfa, akaba arero atabiburanisha avuga ko bafitanye amakimbirane kuko nta bimenyetso abitangira uretse guhimba icyo bapfa mu magambo gusa, kandi n’iyo cyaba gihari, ntiwaba umuziro utuma batatanga ubuhamya mu gihe bafite ubumenyi ku byabaye, aho bamusanganye n’abandi bakiruka akaba ariwe urufatanwa. [28] Ku bijyanye n’ababuranyi bavuga ko bafite icyo bapfa n’atangabuhamya byatanzweho umurongo mu manza zaciwe n’urukiko rw’Ikirenga hamwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu manza zitandukanye zirimo nk’urubanza N° RPAA 0117/07/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 17/09/2010 haburana Cpl NGABONZIZA Faustin na Sgt BIZIYAREMYE Jean Baptiste (igika cya 8), n’urubanza Nº RPAA 00098/2023/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 26/04/2024 Ubushinjacyaha buburana na TUGIRINSHUTI Alexis bahimba Kamugi (igika cya 19). Izo manza zose zihuriza ku murongo uvuga ko “Nubwo abatangabuhamya babajijwe baba bafite icyo bapfa n’abaregwa, ibyo ntibyafatwa nk’umuziro kuribo utuma batabazwa, icy’ingenzi ni uko imvugo yabo itapfa kwemerwa cyangwa ngo ihakanwe itabanje gusuzumwa n’Urukiko”. [29] Ku bijyanye no kuba NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Gervais n’umwunganira bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru, nta bimenyetso bihari byerekana ko Chinwa yafashwe acuruza urumogi birimo nko kuba arubitse afite depot cyangwa se amafaranga yishyurwa n’abamuguriye ngo abe yaranafatiriwe, ahubwo ngo ibihari ari ibyerekana ko yarufatanwe gusa, ntabwo byafatwa nk’ibivuguruza ibimenyetso byashingiweho hashingiwe ku byemejwe mu rubanza Nº RPAA 00031/2022/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/02/2024 Ubushinjacyaha buburana na MUSABYIMANA Valens (igika cya 16), aho Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwasobanuye ko umuntu atagirwa umucuruzi w’ibiyobyabwenge no kuba hari abaguzi babonetse aho acururiza, ahubwo igihe cyose afite ibicuruzwa kandi yiteguye kubiha umuntu wese umugana ashaka ibyo agurisha, aba ari umucuruzi w’ibiyobyabwenge. [30] Naho kuba bavuga ko icyabaye ari ukurufatanwa atari ukurucuruza bagasobanura ko boules 62 z’urumogi ari ruke ko umuntu yarubika agamije kurunywa gusa, ibi nabyo nta shingiro bifite kuko urumogi rungana n’udupfunyika 62 ari ingano nini, ikaba itakwitiranywa n’urwo

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gukoresha ku giti cye (simple drug possession), nk’uko abivuga, ahubwo bigaragara ko icyari kigamijwe ari ugucuruza cyangwa gukwirakwiza ibiyobyabwenge, kuko yanasanganywe abari baje kugura kuko n’ubwo birutse batararugura. Bityo, rukaba rusanga NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Gervais ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, aho kuba icyo kurufatanwa nk’uko abivuga, akaba agomba kugihanirwa nk’uko urubanza nº RPAA 00408/2020/CA rwagaragajwe haruguru rwabisobanuye. [31] Uru rukiko rurasanga rero, n’ubwo NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Gervais n’umwunganira banenga Urukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa Rwamagana kuba rwaramuhamije icyaha cyo gucuruza urumogi nta bimenyetso bidashidikanywaho rushingiyeho, atariko bimeze kuko, ibimenyetso byose byashingiweho n’Urukiko mu guhamya NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Gervais iki cyaha, birimo raporo y’inzego z’ibanze n’ubuhamya bwashingiweho byuzuye kandi bidashidikanywaho kuko atabasha no kubivuguruza, ahubwo bigaragaza yakoze iki cyaha cyo gucuruza urumogi, bityo nta kosa ryagaragajwe rikwiye gukosorwa muri uru rubanza nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 183 y’Itegeko nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha ryahinduwe n’itegeko nº 058/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023. [32] Ku bijyanye n’ibihano bikwiye guhabwa NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Gervais, Urukiko rurasanga we n’umwunganira basaba ko yahanishwa umwaka umwe ku cyaha cyo gufatanwa urumogi, urukiko rurasanga nta shingiro bifite kuko nk’uko byagaragajwe haruguru agomba guhanirwa icyaha cyo gucuruza urumogi kuko aricyo kimuhama, n’igihano yahawe kikaba kigomba kugumaho. [33] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwaciye imanza zitandukanye rugumishaho igihano cyatanzwe kuri iki cyaha zirimo nk’urubanza Nº RPAA 00148/2023/CA rwaciwe ku wa 27/6/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha v. UWAMUNGU Jean de Dieu, aho Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwagumishije ho igihano kuko nta kosa rigomba gukosorwa mu rubanza kandi igifungo yahanishijwe aricyo gihano gito gishoboka ateganyirizwa n’amategeko, ku cyaha cyo gufatanwa ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi udupfunyika 3.350, naho mu rubanza Nº RPAA 00386/2023/CA rwaciwe ku wa 28/06/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha v. NSENGAMUNGU Philippe, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwagumishijeho igihano kuko ibihano yahawe ari byo bito bishoboka ateganyirizwa n’amategeko kubera ku cyaha cyo gufatanywa ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi udupfunyika 1.000. [34] Urukiko rurasanga rushingiye kuri izi manza zivuzwe mu bika bibanziriza iki, rwemeranya n’igihano cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15 ans) cyatanzwe n’Urukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa Rwamagana, rwahanishije NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Gervais kuko nta kosa rwakoze ryo gukosora kuri uru rwego, bityo iki gihano kikaba kigomba kugumaho, n’ubujurire bwe bukaba nta shingiro bufite. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [35] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Gervais nta shingiro bufite; [36] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza No RPA 00511/2021/HC/RWG, rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa Rwamagana ku wa 26/24/2024, idahindutse;

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[37] Rutegetse ko NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Gervais igihano akomeza guhanishwa igifungo cy’imyakacumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu ya miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000 Frw); [38] Rutegetse ko NDAYIKENGURUTSE Chinwa Gervais asonewe kwishyura amagaramay’urubanza kubera ko yaburanye afunze.