NDAYISENGA v. UBUSHINJACYAHA

# NDAYISENGA v. UBUSHINJACYAHA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-09-18 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00620/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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NDAYISENGA v. UBUSHINJACYAHA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’ UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00620/2024/CA (Kaliwabo, P.J..) 18 Nzeli 2025] Amategeko agenga ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange – Icyaha cyo kugurisha no kunywa ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye by’urumogi – Mu rwego rw’ibirego nshinjabyaha iyo abaregwa nta kindi banenga urubanza rwajuririwe, uretse kuvuga gusa ko batagabanyirijwe bihagije, buri mucamanza ku rwego urwo arirwo rwose, yemerewe gutanga igihano mu bushishozi bwe kijyanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha ndetse n’ingaruka zacyo. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ndayisenga Jean Claude yafatanywe udupfunyika icumi (10boules) tw’urumogi, maze ashyikirizwa Ubugenzacyaha, atangira gukurikiranwa. Nyuma y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwamureze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo icyaha cyo kugurisha no kunywa ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye by’urumogi, aburana yemera icyaha cyo kunywa urumogi ahakana icyo kurugurisha, bityo asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano yasabiwe n’Ubushinjacyaha. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo, rushingiye ku kwemera icyaha kwa Ndayisenga mu nzego z‘iperereza no ku nyandikomvugo y’ifatira yashyizeho umukono yemeza ko urumogi rufatiriwe ari urwe , rwemeje ko ahamwa n’icyaha cyo kunywa no kugurisha ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda miliyoni makumyabiri (20.000.000Frw). Ndayisenga Jean Claude yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru avuga ko agamije kwemera icyaha yarezwe cyo kugurisha no kunywa urumogi kandi agisabira imbabazi, asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano kuko ari ubwa mbere akoze icyaha. Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko Ndayisenga Jean Claude ntacyo anenga urubanza yajuririye, ariko ko harebwe uburemere bw’icyaha n’ingano y’udupfunyika tw’urumogi yafatanywe, yagabanyirizwa igihano agahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000 Frw. Urukiko Rukuru, rwasanze kuba ari ubwa mbere Ndayisenga Jean Claude akurikiranyweho icyaha mu butabera mu buryo buzwi, kuba icyaha yakoze kitaragize ingaruka zikomeye no kuba acyemera akanagisabira imbabazi mu buryo budashidikanywaho, ar’impamvu zituma agabanyirizwa igihano, maze rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga miliyoni icumi (10.000.000 Frw). Ndayisenga yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, anenga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwamuhanishije igihano kiremereye mu gihe yaburanye yemera icyaha kandi agisabira imbabazi, asaba Urukiko kumugabanyiriza igihano kugeza munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 kubera ko yemera icyaha ku buryo budashidikanywaho, kuba ari ubwa mbere aguye mu cyaha no kuba yarafatanwe ingano nto y’ibiyobyabwenge by’urumogi.

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Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ubujurire bwa Ndayisenga bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe, ko kuba aburana yemera icyaha no kuba yarafatanwe ingano nto y’urumogi, uru rukiko rwamugabanyiriza bihagije kugera ku gifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5 000 000Frw. Incamake y’icyemezo: Mu rwego rw’ibirego nshinjabyaha iyo abaregwa nta kindi banenga urubanza rwajuririwe, uretse kuvuga gusa ko batagabanyirijwe bihagije, buri mucamanza ku rwego urwo arirwo rwose, yemerewe gutanga igihano mu bushishozi bwe kijyanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha ndetse n’ingaruka zacyo. Umucamanza agomba kuzirikana ko yemerewe gusa guhindura igihano cyatanzwe n’Umucamanza wo mu Rukiko rubanza, ari uko amaze kugaragaza ko Urukiko rubanza rwaba rwarakoresheje nabi itegeko cyangwa ubushishozi bwarwo mu gutanga icyo gihano. Ubujurire bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe.

Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ingingo ya 2; Itegeko N° 69/2019 ryo kuwa 08/11/2019 rihindura Itegeko N° 68/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ingingo ya 11; Itegeko N˚68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ingingo ya 49. Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RPA 00060/2021/CA rw’ Ubushinjacyaha na Nsabimana Callixte alias Sankara na bagenzi be, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 04/04/2022. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku wa 21/5/2021, Ndayisenga Jean Claude ari mu Murenge wa Gatsata, Akagali ka Nyamabuye, Umudugudu wa Rubonobono yafatanywe udupfunyika icumi (10boules) tw’urumogi. Amaze gufatwa yashyikirijwe Ubugenzacyaha, atangira gukurikiranwa. [2] Nyuma y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Ndayisenga Jean Claude mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo icyaha cyo kugurisha no kunywa ibiyobyabwenge bihamabaye by’urumogi. Ndayisenga Jean Claude yaburanye yemera icyaha cyo kunywa urumogi ahakana icyo kurugurisha, asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano yasabiwe n’Ubushinjacyaha. [3] Mu rubanza RP 00754/2021/TGI/GSBO rwaciwe ku wa 07/6/2024, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo, rushingiye ku kwemera icyaha kwa Ndayisenga mu nzego z‘iperereza no ku nyandikomvugo y’ifatira yashyizeho umukono yemeza ko urumogi rufatiriwe ari urwe , rwemeje ko Ndayisenga Jean Claude ahamwa n’icyaha cyo kunywa no kugurisha ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda miliyoni makumyabiri (20.000.000Frw).

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[4] Ndayisenga Jean Claude yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru avuga ko agamije kwemera icyaha yarezwe cyo kugurisha no kunywa urumogi kandi agisabira imbabazi, asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano kuko ari ubwa mbere akoze icyaha. Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko Ndayisenga Jean Claude ntacyo anenga urubanza yajuririye, ariko ko harebwe uburemere bw’icyaha n’ingano y’udupfunyika tw’urumogi yafatanywe, yagabanyirizwa igihano agahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000 Frw. [5] Mu rubanza RPA 01230/2021/HC/KIG rwaciwe kuwa 07/6/ 2024, Urukiko Rukuru, rwasanze kuba ari ubwa mbere Ndayisenga Jean Claude akurikiranyweho icyaha mu butabera mu buryo buzwi, kuba icyaha yakoze kitaragize ingaruka zikomeye no kuba acyemera akanagisabira imbabazi mu buryo budashidikanywaho, ar’impamvu zituma agabanyirizwa igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu ya 20.000.000 Frw yahanishijwe ku rwego rwa mbere, hashingiwe no ku ngingo ya 2 y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga miliyoni icumi (10.000.000 Frw). [6] Ndayisenga Jean Claude yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza ruhabwa RPAA 00620/2024/CA, iburanisha ribera mu ruhame kuwa 11/9/2025, Ndayisenga Jean Claude yunganiwe na Me Kananga Protegène naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Mbaragijimana Désiré, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [7] Ndayisenga Jean Claude yajuriye anenga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwamuhanishije igihano kiremereye mu gihe yaburanye yemera icyaha kandi agisabira imbabazi. Asaba Urukiko kumugabanyiriza igihano kugeza munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 kubera ko yemera icyaha ku buryo budashidikanywaho, kuba ari ubwa mbere aguye mu cyaha no kuba yarafatanwe ingano nto y’ibiyobyabwenge by’urumogi (10 boules). [8] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ubujurire bwa Ndayisenga bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe, ko kuba aburana yemera icyaha no kuba yarafatanwe ingano nto y’urumogi, uru rukiko rwamugabanyiriza bihagije kugera ku gifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5 000 000Frw. [9] Urukiko rurasuzuma niba Urukiko Rukuru rwarakoze ikosa ryo guhanisha Ndayisenga Jean Claude ibihano bihanitse rwirengagije ko yaburanye yemera icyaha n’uburyo byagabanywa. II.ISESENGURA RY’IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA Urukiko rurasuzuma niba Urukiko Rukuru rwarakoze ikosa ryo guhanisha Ndayisenga Jean Claude ibihano bihanitse n’uburyo byagabanywa [10] Ndayisenga Jean Claude yajuriye asaba kugabanyirizwa ibihano kugeza munsi y’igito giteganywa n’itegeko kubera ko yaburanye yemera icyaha, kuba bwari ubwa mbere aguye mu cyaha , kuba yarakoze icyaha akiri urubyiruko rukenewe mu kubaka igihugu no kuba yararangije kugororoka bihagije kuburyo atakwongera kwishora mu byaha ukundi, asaba guhanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 5. [11] Me Kananga Protegène wunganira Ndayisenga Jean de Dieu avuga ko uyu yahanishijwe igihano kiremereye hirengagijwe ko yaburanye yemera icyaha, kandi ari n’ubwa mbere

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akurikiranwe n’inkiko. Asaba Urukiko kumugabanyiriza igihano kugeza ku gifungo cy’imyaka 15 hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 2 (a) y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 4/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. [12] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ubujurire bwa Ndayisenga bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe, ko kuba aburana yemera icyaha no kuba yarafatanwe ingano nto y’urumogi, uru rukiko rwamugabanyiriza bihagije kugera ku gifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5 000 000Frw. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [13] Ikibazo cyo kwongera kugabanyirizwa igihano mu gihe ariyo mpamvu y’ubujurire yonyine, cyatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza RPA 00060/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 04/04/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha, Nsabimana Callixte alias Sankara na bagenzi be1. Muri urwo rubanza Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwagaragaje ko mu rwego rw’ibirego nshinjabyaha iyo abaregwa nta kindi banenga urubanza rwajuririwe, uretse kuvuga gusa ko batagabanyirijwe bihagije, buri mucamanza ku rwego urwo arirwo rwose, yemerewe gutanga igihano mu bushishozi bwe kijyanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha ndetse n’ingaruka zacyo hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 49 y’Itegeko N˚68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ariko ko mu bujurire, Umucamanza agomba kuzirikana ko yemerewe gusa guhindura igihano cyatanzwe n’Umucamanza wo mu Rukiko rubanza, ari uko amaze kugaragaza ko Urukiko rubanza rwaba rwarakoresheje nabi itegeko cyangwa ubushishozi bwarwo mu gutanga icyo gihano. [14] Icyaha cyo kugurisha ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, Ndayisenga Jean Claude yahamijwe kandi yemera, gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu itari munsi y’amafaranga 20.000.000 ariko itarenze amafaranga 30.000.000, hashingiwe ku biteganywa mu ngingo ya 11 y’Itegeko N° 69/2019 ryo kuwa 08/11/2019 rihindura Itegeko N° 68/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. Ingingo ya 2 (a) y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange iteganya ko “Iyo umucamanza yemeje impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ashobora kugabanya igihano ku buryo bukurikira: …(a) igifungo cya burundu gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15; naho mu gace ka (d) ikavuga ko ihazabu ishobora kugabanywa kugeza kuri ¼ cy’igihano cy’ihazabu ntoya yateganyirijwe icyaha cyakozwe“. [15] Nubwo Urukiko Rukuru rwagabanyirije Ndayisenga ibihano, nyamara kandi rusanga igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 20 n’ihazabu ya 10.000.000Frw gikabije kuremera ugereranyije n’ingano nto y’ibiyobyabwenge yafatanwe (10boules), kuba ari ubwa mbere aguye mu cyaha no kuba ushinjwa yarakoze icyaha aribwo akiva mu myaka y’urubyiruko (24ans), izi mpamvu zikaba zaratumye abahamwe n’icyaha gifitanye isano n’icyo Ndayisenga akurikiranyweho, bahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu y’amafaranga 5.000.0002, uyu nawe akaba aricyo gihano akwiye

1 Reba urubanza RPA 00060/2021/CA rwaciwe ,Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 04/04/2022, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nsabimana Callixte alias Sankara na bagenzi be, igika cya 252-254.

2 Mu rubanza RPAA 00510/2024/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 19/02/2025, Ntakirutimana Wellars wahamwe n’icyaha cyo kugurisha irobo ry’udupfunyika tw’urumogi kandi

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guhanishwa hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 49 y’Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange.3 3

III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [16] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza RPA 01230/2021/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 07/6/2024 ihindutse ku birebana n’ibihano Ndayisenga Jean Claude yahanishijwe. [17] Ruhanishije Ndayisenga Jean Claude igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) no gutanga ihazabu ingana n’amafaranga miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000Frw) ku cyaha cyo kugurisha ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi kimuhama. [18] Rutegetse ko Ndayisenga asonerwa amagarama y’urubanza kuko aburana afunzwe.

akaburana yemera icyaha ndetse aribwo akiva mu bwana ( 18 ans) yahanishijwe igifungo cy’imyaka 15 .

3 Umucamanza atanga igihano akurikije uburemere bw'icyaha, ingaruka icyaha cyateye, impamvu zatumye agikora, uko uwagikoze yari asanzwe yitwara, imibereho ye bwite n’uburyo icyaha cyakozwemo.