UBUSHINJACYAHA v. NDAYISHIMIYE

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v. NDAYISHIMIYE

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2022-07-22 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00194/2021/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v. NDAYISHIMIYE [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00194/2021/CA (Mukandamage, P.J.) 22 Nyakanga 2022] Amategeko nshinjabyaha – Ubujurire – Ujurira agomba kugaragaza ibyo anenga urubanza rwaciwe ku rwego rwa mbere yifuza ko byakosorwa n’Urukiko yajuririye, agasobanura impamvu ari amakosa akagaragaza n’uburyo yakosorwa, ni ukuvuga ko afite inshingano yo kugaragaza ukwibeshya kwakozwe n’Urukiko rwa mbere, kwaba ukwibeshya gushingiye ku mategeko cyangwa gushingiye ku byabaye. Iyo nta nenge uwajuriye agaragaje, biba bivuze ko ntacyo urukiko rwajuririwe rwakosora, ahubwo haba hagomba kugumaho imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyagatare, Ubushinjacyaha bukurikiranye Ndayishimiye alias Shema, ku cyaha cyo gusambanya umwana witwa C. S. w’imyaka 11 y’amavuko, buvuga ko icyo cyaha yagikoze ubwo yamusangaga akina n’undi mwana, maze amwinjiza mu nzu ye aramusambanya, arangije amwereka icyuma amubwira ko nabivuga azamutegera mu nzira akamwica, ariko umwana ageze iwabo abibwira nyina. Uregwa yaburanye ahakana icyaha aregwa, ariko akaba yari yaracyemeye mu Bugenzacyaha, asobanura nuko yagikoze. Urwo Rukiko rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko uregwa ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’imyaka 11 y’amavuko, rumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu. Uregwa yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana avuga ko yahamijwe icyaha nta bimenyetso bikimushinja kandi, ko yasabye ko urukiko rukora iperereza ku makimbirane yari afitanye na se w’umwana yatumye amufungisha, ariko ntiryakorwa. Urwo Rukiko narwo rwaciye urubanza nuko rwemeza ko nta gihindutse ku mikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe. Uregwa yajuririye na none Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, avuga ko yemera icyaha ndetse akagisabira imbabazi n’ubwo mu nkiko zabanje yaburanye agihakana, ko igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu yahawe kiremereye, asaba ko cyagabanywa. Ubushinjacyaha bwo bwaburanye buvuga ko impamvu y’ubujurire yatanzwe na Ndayishimiye nta gaciro yahabwa kubera ko ingingo ya 59 y’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange itubahirijwe, Avuga ko uregwa yemeye icyaha mu bujurire kuko nta yandi mahitamo yari asigaje, nyamara hashingiwe kuri iyo ngingo, Umushingamategeko yaragaragaje ibihe byakwemerwa uwemera icyaha yaba yabikoreyemo, ibyo bihe rero akaba atarigeze abyubahiriza. Kubera iyo mpamvu Ubushinjacyaha bukaba busanga ntacyo anenga urubanza yajuririye. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Ujurira agomba kugaragaza ibyo anenga urubanza rwaciwe ku rwego rwa mbere yifuza ko byakosorwa n’Urukiko yajuririye, agasobanura impamvu ari amakosa akagaragaza n’uburyo yakosorwa, ni ukuvuga ko afite inshingano yo kugaragaza ukwibeshya kwakozwe n’Urukiko rwa mbere, kwaba ukwibeshya gushingiye ku mategeko cyangwa gushingiye ku byabaye. Iyo nta nenge uwajuriye agaragaje, biba bivuze ko ntacyo urukiko rwajuririwe rwakosora, ahubwo haba hagomba kugumaho imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe.

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Urubanza ruhindutse ku birebana n’ibihano gusa; Uregwa ahanishijwe igifungo cy’imyako 15 mu mwanya w’igifungo cya burundu. Amategeko yakoreshejwe: Itegeko Nº 07/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, ingingo ya 183. Itegeko N 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange nk’uko ⁰ ryahinduwe n’Itegeko N 69/2019 ryo ku wa 08/11/2019, ingingo ya 49 n’iya 133. ⁰ Imanza zifashishijwe: Ubushinjacyaha v. Ndahayo, RPAA 00305/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’ubujurire ku wa 25/03/2022. Ubushinjacyaha v. Bahati, RPAA 00407/2020/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’ubujurire ku wa 28/01/2022 Ubushinjacyaha v. Ndikubwayo, RPAA 00278/2020/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’ubujurire ku wa 17/06/2022. Ubushinjacyaha v. Nzafashwanimana, RPAA 00032/2019/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’ubujurire ku wa 28/02/2020. Urubanza [1] Mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyagatare, Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Ndayishimiye Emmanuel alias Shema, bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana witwa C. S. w’imyaka 11 y’amavuko, buvuga ko icyo cyaha yagikoze ku itariki ya 08/01/2018, ubwo yamusanze aho yakinaga n’undi mwana, maze amwinjiza mu nzu ye aramusambanya, arangije amwereka icyuma amubwira ko nabivuga azamutegera mu nzira akamwica, ariko umwana ageze iwabo abibwira nyina. [2] Ndayishimiye Emmanuel yaburanye ahakana icyaha aregwa, ariko akaba yari yaracyemeye mu Bugenzacyaha, asobanura nuko yagikoze. [3] Mu rubanza RP 00054/2018/TGI/NYG rwaciwe ku wa 20/12/2018, urukiko rwaregewe rwasanze hari ibimenyetso bimuhamya icyaha aregwa birimo ukwemera icyaha kwe yakoreye mu Bugenzacyaha n’ubwo yaje kugihakana mu Bushinjacyaha no mu Rukiko, imvugo y’umwana wahohotwe, iya nyina Vumiliya Tidjara, iy’umwe mu bana bashakishije uwo mwana bakamusangana na Ndayishimiye Emmanuel, byose bishimangirwa na raporo ya Muganga igaragaza ko uwo mwana yasambanyijwe habayeho kutinjiza igitsina imbere mu cye (aggression sexuelle sans pénétration), maze rwemeza ko Ndayishimiye Emmanuel ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’imyaka 11 y’amavuko, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu. [4] Ndayishimiye Emmanuel yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana avuga ko yahamijwe icyaha nta bimenyetso bikimushinja kandi ko n’Umuyobozi w’Umudugudu yabajije se w’umwana impamvu yamufungishije ntiyagira icyo avuga, ko yasabye ko urukiko rukora iperereza ku makimbirane yari afitanye na se w’umwana yatumye amufungisha, ariko ntiryakorwa.

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[5] Mu rubanza RPA 00027/2019/HC/RWG rwaciwe ku wa 29/10/2019, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Ndayishimiye Emmanuel nta shingiro bufite, ko urubanza yajuririye rudahindutse mu ngingo zarwo zose. [6] Ndayishimiye Emmanuel yajuririye na none Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, avuga ko yemera icyaha ndetse akagisabira imbabazi n’ubwo mu nkiko zabanje yaburanye agihakana, ko igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu yahawe kiremereye, asaba ko cyagabanywa. [7] Urubanza rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame ku itariki ya 06/07/2022 Ndayishimiye Emmanuel yunganiwe na Me Rugeyo Jean, naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Ninahazwa Roseline, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu, iburanisha rirangiye ababuranyi bamenyeshwa ko urubanza ruzasomwa ku itariki ya 22/07/2022, akaba ari wo munsi rusomwe. II. IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA N’ISESENGURWA RYACYO. Kumenya niba kwemera icyaha mu bujurire kwaba impamvu yatuma Ndayishimiye Emmanuel agabanyirizwa igihano. [8] Ndayishimiye Emmanuel avuga ko yajuriye agamije kwemera icyaha mu buryo budashidikanywaho ndetse akagisabira imbabazi n’ubwo mbere yaburanye ahakana icyaha kubera ubujiji. Avuga ko yemera ko yakoze icyaha gikomeye cyo gusambanya umwana amusanze ku muhanda akamushyira mu nzu aho yakoreye icyo cyaha, agasaba ko yagabanyirizwa igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu yahawe, kuko kiremereye. [9] Me Rugeyo Jean, wunganira Ndayishimiye Emmanuel, avuga ko uwo yunganira yemeye icyaha imbere y’Ubugenzacyaha afasha ubutabera, ariko ageze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyagatare aragihakana, yongera kucyemera ajurira mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire anagisabira imbabazi, ko rero kuba yaratangiye yemera icyaha ku ikubitiro mu nzego z’iperereza, akongera kucyemera kuri uru rwego, ukwemera icyaha kwe kwahabwa agaciro, maze bikamubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha akagabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 78, agace ka mbere, y’Itegeko Ngenga n° 01/2012/ OL ryo ku wa 02/05/2012 rishyiraho igitabo cy’amategeko ahana ivuga ko iyo hari impamvu zoroshya uburemere bw’icyaha, igihano cyo gufungwa burundu cyangwa cya burundu y’umwihariko gisimbuzwa icy’igifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka icumi (10), ndetse byanashoboka uru Rukiko rukajya munsi y’icyo gihano gito giteganywa n’itegeko cy’imyaka 10, cyane cyane ko akamaro k’igihano katareberwa gusa ku buremere bw’icyaha cyakozwe, ahubwo hakwiye no kwitabwa ku nyungu z’uregwa hagendewe ku mwihariko wa buri rubanza. [10] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko iyi mpamvu y’ubujurire yatanzwe na Ndayishimiye Emmanuel nta gaciro yahabwa kubera ko ingingo ya 59 y’Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange itubahirijwe, Avuga ko NDAYISHIMIYE Emmanuel yemeye icyaha mu bujurire kuko nta yandi mahitamo yari asigaje, nyamara hashingiwe kuri iyo ngingo, Umushingamategeko yaragaragaje ibihe byakwemerwa uwemera icyaha yaba yabikoreyemo, ibyo bihe rero akaba atarigeze abyubahiriza.

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[11] Asanga rero ukwemera icyaha Ndayishimiye Emmanuel akoreye mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire kudakwiye guhabwa ishingiro, kubera ko mu nkiko zabanje yagihakanye, akaba ntacyo anenga urubanza yajuririye, nyamara ingingo ya 188 y’Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha iteganya ko urukiko rwajuririwe ruburanisha mu mbibi z’icyajuririwe. [12] Asaba Urukiko gushingira ku rubanza RPA/GEN 0004/2019/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire haburana Munyagishari Bernard n’Ubushinjacyaha, n’urubanza nº RPAA 00581/2018/CA narwo rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire haburana Dushimiyimana Frodouard n’Ubushinjacyaha, aho urwo Rukiko rwemeje ko ukwemera icyaha mu bujurire ahandi waragihakanye bidakwiye guhabwa agaciro. [13] Ku byo umwunganizi wa Ndayishimiye Emmanuel asaba ko hashingirwa ku ngingo ya 77, igika cya 1 n’iya 78, agace ka mbere, z’Itegeko nº 01/2012/OL ryo ku wa 02/05/2012 rishyiraho igitabo cy’amategeko ahana ryakurikizwaga igihe icyaha cyakorwaga, maze igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu yahawe kigasimbuzwa ikitari munsi y’imyaka 10, Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko iyi mpamvu y’ubujurire nayo nta gaciro yahabwa, kuko Ndayishimiye yahanwe hashingiwe ku Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, akaba ari na ryo rigomba gushingirwaho ku birebana no kuba igihano cyagabanywa. [14] Asoza asaba Urukiko kwakira ubujurire bwa Ndayishimiye Emmanuel, kuko bwatanzwe mu buryo n’inzira bikurikije amategeko, ariko rukemeza ko nta shingiro bufite, rugategeka ko urubanza rwajuririwe rudahindutse mu ngingo zarwo zose. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA Ku byerekeye itegeko rigomba gukurikizwa [15] Mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’uru Rukiko ku kibazo cyo kumenya itegeko rigomba gukurikizwa hagati y’Itegeko Ngenga n° 01/2010/OL ryo ku wa 02/06/2012 rishyiraho igitabo cy’amategeko ahana ryakurikizwaga icyaha gikorwa, n’Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange ryatangajwe nyuma y’uko icyaha gikorwa, ariko urubanza rutaracibwa burundu, rwemeje ko itegeko rishya ari ryo rigomba gukurikizwa ku cyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, kubera ko ari ryo riteganya ibihano byoroheje1. Ku byerekeye igabanyagihano risabwa na Ndayishimiye Emmanuel [16] Ubujurire bwatanzwe na Ndayishimiye Emmanuel alias Shema bugamije gusaba ko ukwemera icyaha yakoreye mu bujurire kwamubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha yatuma agabanyirizwa igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu yahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa 1 Reba imanza zikurikira: - Urubanza RPAA 00305/2021/ca rwaciwe ku wa 25/03/2022, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Ndahayo Ezéchiel. - Urubanza RPAA 00407/2020/ca rwaciwe ku wa 28/01/2022, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Bahati Claude. - Urubanza RPAA 00278/2020/CA rwaciwe ku wa 17/06/2022, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Ndikubwayo Emmanuel

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Rwamagana ku cyaha yahamijwe cyo gusambanya umwana w’imyaka cumi n’umwe (11) y’amavuko kuko kiremereye. [17] Ku birebana n’ubujurire, ingingo ya 183 y’Itegeko nº 07/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha iteganya ibigomba kuba biri mu mwanzuro w’ubujurire, mu gace ka 5 n’aka 6, hakaba hateganyijwe ko uwo mwanzuro ugomba kugaragaza urutonde rw’inenge z’urubanza zisabirwa gukosorwa n’ibindi bibazo bigomba gusuzumwa, ko hagomba no gutangwa ibisobanuro kuri buri nenge cyangwa buri kibazo bigaragaza amakosa yakozwe n’uburyo agomba gukosorwa hashingiwe ku mategeko n’ibimenyetso n’igisabwa urukiko. [18] Iyo ngingo yumvikanisha ko ujurira agomba kugaragaza ibyo anenga urubanza rwaciwe ku rwego rwa mbere yifuza ko byakosorwa n’Urukiko yajuririye, agasobanura impamvu ari amakosa akagaragaza n’uburyo yakosorwa, ni ukuvuga ko afite inshingano yo kugaragaza ukwibeshya kwakozwe n’Urukiko rwa mbere, kwaba ukwibeshya gushingiye ku mategeko cyangwa gushingiye ku byabaye. Iyo nta nenge uwajuriye agaragaje, biba bivuze ko ntacyo urukiko rwajuririwe rwakosora, ahubwo haba hagomba kugumaho imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe. [19] Ku bijyanye n’uburyo ibihano bitangwa, ingingo ya 49 y’Itegeko n 68/2018 ryo ku wa ⁰ 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange nk’uko ryahinduwe n’Itegeko n 69/2019 ⁰ ryo ku wa 08/11/2019, iteganya ko: ‘’Umucamanza atanga igihano akurikije uburemere bw’icyaha, ingaruka icyaha cyateye, impamvu zatumye agikora, uko uwagikoze yari asanzwe yitwara, imibereho ye bwite n’uburyo icyaha cyakozwemo’’. [20] Nk’uko bigaragara mu manza zabanje, ku rwego rwa mbere Ndayishimiye Emmanuel yaburanye ahakana icyaha aregwa, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyagatare rwemeza ko ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana ufite imyaka 11 y’amavuko, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu rushingiye ku mpamvu y’uko yemeye icyo cyaha mu Bugenzacyaha, ku mvugo z’umwana wahohotewe n’iza nyina, ndetse na raporo ya Muganga wamusuzumye akagaragaza ko yasambanyijwe. [21] Mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana, Ndayishimiye Emmanuel yakomeje guhakana icyaha, ariko urwo Rukiko rusanga atarashoboye kuvuguruza ibimenyetso byashingiweho mu rubanza rujuririrwa mu kumuhamya icyaha cyo gusambnaya umwana, maze rwemeza ko nta gihindutse ku gihano yahanishijwe, kuko Umushingamategeko yashyizeho ibihano bikomeye mu rwego rwo kurengera umwana no kumurinda ihohoterwa, ko rero harebwe imyaka 11 y’amavuko umwana yasambanyije yari afite, igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu ari cyo gikwiriye, hatitawe ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha zirimo kuba ari ubwa mbere akoze icyaha nk’iki mu buryo buzwi. [22] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga, kuba Ndayishimiye Emmanuel yarahakanye icyaha mu nkiko zombi zabanje, akaba yarajuriye ku rwego rwa kabiri noneho yemera icyaha nk’uko yari yarabikoze mu Bugenzacyaha, bivuze ko ntacyo anenga imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe rwamuhamije icyo cyaha yemera rushingiye ku bimenyetso rwagaragaje, ahubwo byafatwa nko gusaba kuburanishwa bundi bushya ku rwego rw’ubujurire hagasuzumwa urubanza rwose,

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nyamara nkuko byasobanuwe haruguru, inshingano y’Urukiko rwajuririwe ni iyo gusuzuma amakosa yaba yarakozwe n’Urukiko rwa mbere agaragazwa n’uwajuriye agasaba ko akosorwa. [23] Urukiko rurasanga rero kuba Ndayishimiye Emmanuel ntacyo anenga urubanza rwamuhamije icyaha ubu nawe yemera, bivuze ko atagaragaje inenge z’urubanza cyangwa amakosa yakozwe mu rubanza yajuririye, ibyo rero bikaba bigaragaza ko ubujurire bwe ntaho bushingiye. [24] Urukiko rurasanga ariko n’ubwo Ndayishimiye Emmanuel yakoze icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’imyaka 11 y’amavuko hashingiwe ku bisobanuro bitangwa n’ingingo ya 133, y’Itegeko n 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, nta ⁰ cyabuza ko agabanyirizwa igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu yahawe, kubera ko hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha urukiko rwabanje ubwarwo rwari rwabonye y’uko ari bwo bwa mbere aguye mu cyaha, hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 49 y’Itegeko n 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 ⁰ ryavuzwe haruguru, no ku murongo watanzwe mu rubanza n RPAA 00032/2019/CA rwaciwe ⁰ ku wa 28/02/2020 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nzafashwanimana Jean de Dieu no ku zindi manza zitandukanye zaciwe nyuma yarwo, aho Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwagiye rusobanura ko nta cyabuza Umucamanza kugabanya igihano mu buryo bukwiye mu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha. [25] Urukiko rurasanga kandi ubwo Ndayishimiye Emmanuel yakoraga icyaha aregwa, yari akiri muto, ari bwo akiva mu bwana, kubera ko yari afite imyaka 20 y’amavuko, bityo iyo mpamvu hamwe n’iyagaragajwe haruguru, zikaba zamubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha yatuma igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu yahawe n’urukiko rwabanje gisimbuzwa icy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15). [26] Hashingiwe ku ngingo z’amategeko zagaragajwe haruguru no ku bimaze gusobanurwa, Urukiko rurasanga ubujurire bwa Ndayishimiye Emmanuel bugamije kugabanyirizwa igihano kubera kwemera icyaha mu bujurire, nta shingiro bufite, ariko imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe ikaba ihindutse ku birebana n’igihano ku mpamvu zasobanuwe haruguru. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [27] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Ndayishimiye Emmanuel alias Shema bugamije kugabanyirizwa igihano kubera kwemera icyaha kuri uru rwego, nta shingiro bufite; [28] Rwemeje ko urubanza rwajuririwe RPA 00027/2019/HC/RWG, rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana, ku wa 29/10/2019, ruhindutse ku birebana n’igihano; [29] Rutegetse ko Ndayishimiye Emmanuel alias Shema ahanishijwe igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) ku cyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’imyaka 11 y’amavuko yahamijwe muri urwo rubanza; [30] Ruvuze ko amafaranga y’amagarama y’urubanza aherera ku Isanduku ya Leta, kubera ko Ndayishimiye Emmanuel alias Shema afunze, akaba asonewe kuyatanga.