NDIMUBANZI vs UMUHOZA N’UNDI

NDIMUBANZI vs UMUHOZA N’UNDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2023-07-13 - Case/document no.: RS/INJUST/RC 00011/2022/HC/MUS - Collection: High Court

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NDIMUBANZI vs UMUHOZA N’UNDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU URUGEREKO RWA MUSANZE – RS/INJUST/RC 00011/2022/HC/MUS (Mukamuhire, P.J; Gasore na Rutikanga J.) 13 Nyakanga 2023] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza mbonezamubano – Kurangiza urubanza – Cyamunara – Iyo Urukiko rwategetse ko cyamunara ihagarara by’agateganyo kuko yakozwemo amakosa, nta kosa umuhesha w’inkiko aba akoze iyo akomeje cyamunara nyumayo gukosora amakosa yemejwe n’Urukiko. Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza mbonezamubano – kurangiza urubanza – kurangiza urubanza ku bushake – Iyo umuburanyi yemeye ku bushake kurangiza urubanza yatsinzwemo, si ngombwa ko urwo rubanza rushyirwaho inyandiko mpesha. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiye Ndimubanzi aregera Urukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Gisenyi asaba guhagarika cyamunara iri gukorwa ku mutungo UPI: 3/03/09/01/1792, mu rwego rwo kurangiza umwanzuro w’abunzi 444 w’akagari ka Burushya ku kibazo cy’umwenda Ndimubanzi yari abereyemo Niyibizi, kuko yamugurije amafaranga undi akamuha ingwate. Ndimubanzi avuga ko umwanzuro w’akagari ka Burushya yawujuririye mu nteko y’abunzi b’umurenge wa Nyamyumba, ngo igihe ubujurire butarasuzumwa, asaba Abunzi b’akagari ka Burushya icyemezo kigaragaza ko umwanzuro bafashe utajuririwe barakimuha, bituma atanga ikirgo, Urukiko rw’Ibanze mu rubanza RC00433/2021/TGI/RBV rwemeje ko cyamunara ihagarara by’agateganyo kubera ko

hatubahirijwe imihango y’itangazwa rya cyamunara. Umuhesha w’inkiko Umuhoza yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu, Urukiko mu rubanza RCA00121/2021/TGI/RBV rwemeje ko icyemezo cyafashwe n’Urukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Gisenyi kidahindutse. Nyuma y’icyo cyemezo, Umuhesha w’inkiko Umuhoza yakosoye amakosa yari ari mu itangazo rya cyamunara, hanyuma akomeza imihango ya cyamunara yari yatangiye. Ndimubanzi yarongeye atanga ikirego mu Rukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Gisenyi, asaba ko cyamunara ihagarara avuga ko impamvu ahagarikisha iyo cyamunara ari uko ngo Umuhesha w' Inkiko w 'Umwuga Umuhoza yakomeje cyamunara kandi urukiko rwarategetse ko ihagarara, ngo akaba atarubahirije icyemezo cy'urukiko kuko yakomeje cyamunara urubanza ruyihagarika rutaraba n'itegeko ngo rushyirweho kasha mpuruza. Urukiko rw’Ibanze rwemeje mu rubanza RC00519/2021/TB/GI, ko cyamunara ikomeza, ko ikirego cya Ndimubanzi nta shingiro gifite kuko nyuma y’aho imanza ziciriwe Umuhesha w' Inkiko w 'Umwuga Umuhoza yarakoze amatangazo ya cyamunara akurikije amategeko, nta kosa ririmo. Rutegeka Ndimubanzi kwishyura Niyibizi na Umuhoza indishyi zitandukanye. Ndimubanzi ntiyishimiye icyo cyemezo bituma atanga ikirego mu rukiko rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu, Urukiko mu rubanza RCA00136/2021/TGI/RBV rwemeje ko ikirego cya Ndimubanzi nta shingiro gifite.

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Nyuma y’izi manza Ndimubanzi, yandikiye inzego zibishinzwe asaba ko urwo rubanza rwasubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane. Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga yaje kwemeza ko urubanza RCA00136/2021/TGI/RBV rusubirwamo n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze ku mpamvu z’akarengane. Ndimubanzi avuga ko impamvu z’akarengane ari ukwirengagiza amategeko kuko ngo iyo umucamanza yubahiriza ingingo ya 241 na 242 z’Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano yari gutegeka ko umuhesha w’inkiko ategereza ko urubanza ruhagarika cyamunara by’agateganyo rubanza kuba itegeko akabona gukomeza cyamunara. Na none kandi ngo umuhesha w’inkiko ntiyagombaga guhita akora itangazo rya cyamunara yita ko rikosoye urubanza ruhagarika iyo cyamunara rukimara gusomwa. Yasabye Urukiko kwemeza ko cyamunara yakorewe ku mutungo UPI: 3/03/09/01/1792 yateshwa agaciro, anasaba indishyi zitandukanye. Abaregwa bo bireguye bavuga ko ikirego cya Ndimubanzi cyo gusubirishamo urubanza ku mpamvu z’akarengane kidakwiye kwakirwa kuko kidakurikije amategeko. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Iyo Urukiko rwategetse ko cyamunara ihagarara by’agateganyo kuko yakozwemo amakosa, nta kosa umuhesha w’inkiko aba akoze iyo akomeje cyamunara nyuma yo gukosora amakosa yemejwe n’Urukiko. Bityo iyo Urukiko rutegetse ko cyamunara ihagarara kuko umuhesha w’inkiko atatanze amatangazo ya cyamunara uko bikwiye, nta kosa umuhesha w’inkiko aba akoze iyo akomeje cyamunara nyuma yo gutanga amatangazo ya cyamunara mu buryo amategeko abiteganya.

2. Iyo umuburanyi yemeye ku bushake kurangiza urubanza yatsinzwemo, si ngombwa ko urwo rubanza rushyirwaho inyandiko mpesha.

3. Ntabwo ikibazo kitasuzumwe mu rubanza rusabirwa gusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, cyasuzumwa mu rubanza rusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane.

4. Urukiko rushobora kudatanga indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza mu rubanza rusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane ku batsinze urubanza mu gihe rusanga izo bahawe mu rubanza rwabanje zihagije. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, Ingingo ya 10, 111,241,242, Nta manza zifashishijwe. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA

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[1] Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Gisenyi. Ndimubanzi Mathieu yatanze ikirego, asaba guhagarika cyamunara iri gukorwa ku mutungo UPI : 3/03/09/01/1792, harangizwa umwanzuro w’abunzi 444 w’akagari ka Burushya ku kibazo cy’umwenda Ndimubanzi Mathieu yari abereyemo Niyibizi Emmanuel, uhwanye n’amafaranga 397.3500Frw, yagombaga kumuha, atayamuha akajyana ingwate yamuhaye. Ikirego cya Ndimubanzi cyanditswe kuri RC00433/2021/TGI/RBV. Yaburanye avuga ko umwanzuro w’akagari ka Burushya yawujurirye mu nteko y’abunzi b’umurenge wa Nyamyumba kuwa 27/01/2021, ngo igihe ikibazo kitarasuzumwa Niyibizi Emmanuel asaba Abunzi b’akagari ka Burushya icyemezo kigaragaza ko umwanzuro bafashe utajuririwe barakimuha, asaba ko urubanza rurangizwa. Ibi ni byo byatumye Ndimubanzi arega. Urukiko rw’Ibanze rwemeje ko cyamunara ihagarara by’agateganyo kubera ko hatubahirijwe imihango y’itangazwa rya cyamunara. Umuhesha w’inkiko Me Umuhoza Marie d’O yajuririye uru rubanza mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu, mu rubanza RCA00121/2021/TGI/RBV. Uru rukiko rwemeje ko icyemezo cyafashwe n’Urukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Gisenyi kidahindutse. [2] Nyuma y’icyo cyemezo, Umuhesha w’inkiko Me Umuhoza Marie d’O yakosoye amakosa yari ari mu itangazo rya cyamunara, hanyuma akomeza imihango ya cyamunara yari yatangiye. Ndimubanzi Mathieu yarongeye atanga ikirego mu Rukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Gisenyi, mu

rubanza RC00519/2021/TB/GI, yongeye gusaba ko cyamunara ihagarara, yasobanuye ko impamvu ahagarikisha iyo cyamunara ari uko ngo Umuhesha w' Inkiko w 'Umwuga Umuhoza Marie D’O yakomeje cyamunara kandi urukiko rwarategetse ko ihagarara ariko ntiyubahiriza icyemezo cy'urukiko ahubwo akomeza cyamunara urubanza ruyihagarika rutaraba n'itegeko ngo rushyirweho kasha mpuruza. Urukiko rw’Ibanze rwasanze kuba nyuma y’aho imanza ziciriwe Umuhesha w' Inkiko w 'Umwuga Umuhoza Marie D’O yarakoze amatangazo ya cyamunara akurikije amategeko, ibi bifite ishingiro kandi nta n’ikosa ririmo ahubwo ko rubona uwo muhesha w’inkiko yaramaze kubona ikosa yari yarakoze akarikosora amanika ayo matangazo ku kagari, akayamenyesha Ndimubanzi Mathieu akanayanyuza kuri radio. Rwemeje ko cyamunara ikomeza. Ndimubanzi Mathieu yategetswe gusubiza Niyibizi Emmanuel amafaranga 500.000Frw y’igihembo cy’Avoka, runamutegeka gusubiza umuhesha w’inkiko Me Umuhoza Marie D’O amafaranga 500.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza harimo n’igihembo cy’avoka. [3] Ndimubanzi Mathieu ntiyishimiye icyo cyemezo bituma atanga ikirego mu rukiko rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu cyandikwa kuri RCA00136/2021/TGI/RBV. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu rwemeje ko ikirego rwaregewe na Ndimubanzi Mathieu nta shingiro gifite. Rwemeje ko urubanza RC00519/2021/TB/GI rwajuririwe rugumye uko rwaciwe usibye ku bijyanye n’indishyi. Rwemeje ko Ndimubazni Mathieu agomba

guha Me Umuhoza Marie D'O na Niyibizi Emmanuel buri wese amafaranga ibihumbi maganatanu na mirongo itanu (550.000Frw) y’igihembo cy’Avoka n’ikurikiranarubanza. [4] Ndimubanzi Mathieu, yabonye urwo rubanza rwe rurimo akarengane yandikira inzego zibishinzwe asaba ko rwasubirwamo kubera akarengane. Icyifuzo cye cyahawe ishingiro, Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga yemeza ko urubanza RCA00136/2021/TGI/RBV rusubirwamo n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze. Muri uru Rukiko yavuze ko ingingo ya 241 na 242 z’Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano zirengagijwe kuko zari gutuma, umucamanza ategeka umuhesha w’inkiko gutegereza ko urubanza ruhagarika cyamunara by’agateganyo rubanza kuba itegeko. Na none kandi ngo umuhesha w’inkiko ntiyagombaga guhita

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akora itangazo rya cyamunara yita ko rikosoye urubanza ruhagarika iyo cyamunara rukimara gusomwa. Yasabye Urukiko kwemeza ko cyamunara yakorewe ku mutungo UPI : 3/03/09/01/1792 yateshwa agaciro. Yasabye guhabwa indishyi zitandukanye. Abaregwa bo bireguye bavuga ko ikirego cya Ndimubanzi kidakwiye kwakirwa kuko kidakurikije amategeko. [5] Ibivuzwe haruguru bigaragaza ko ibibazo bikwiye gusuzumwa bikurikira : muri uru rubanza ari ibi Kumenya ukuri kw’ibyo Ndimubanzi Matthieu avuga ngo ingingo ya 241 na 242 z’Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano zarirengagijwe ; Kumenya niba umuhesha w’inkiko ataragombaga guhita akora itangazo rya cyamunara yita ko rikosoye urubanza ruhagarika iyo cyamunara rukimara gusomwa ; Kumenya nibaibijyanye no kuba cyamunara yakorewe ku mutungoUPI : 3/03/09/01/1792 yateshwa agaciro byafatwaho icyemezo muri uru rubanza ; Kumenya niba indishyi zasabwe muri uru rubanza zahabwa ishingiro. II.ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA A.Kumenya ukuri kw’ibyo Ndimubanzi Matthieu avuga ngo ingingo ya 241 na 242 z’Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano zarirengagijwe [6] Ingingo ya ya 241 y’Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano ivuga ko Inyandikompesha ari inyandiko zishingiye ku byemezo by’inzego zibifitiye ububasha cyangwa byemeranyijweho n’abo bireba, zishobora kurangizwa ku gahato zimaze kugenzurwa

no kwemezwa n’umwanditsi w’urukiko, cyangwa undi mukozi ubifitiye ububasha. Naho iya 242teganya ko Inyandikompuruza ari ikimenyetso kigaragaza ko ibyemejwe mu nyandikompesha zavuzwe mu ngingo ya 241 y’iri tegeko bishobora guhita bishyirwa mu bikorwa ku neza cyangwa ku ngufu za Leta. [7] Ndimubanzi Mathieu yavuze ko izi ngingo z’iri tegeko zivuga ko inyandikompesha ari yo ishobora guhita irangizwa mugihe ikimara gushyirwaho inyandikompuruza, nyamara umuhesha w’inkiko ntiyubashye iri tegeko kuko we yahise asubukura cyamunara mu-gihe inyandiko mpesha ihagarika cyamunara itarashyirwaho kashe mpuruza. Ikindi kandi umuhesha w’inkiko ntashobora kwitwaza ko yarangizaga umwanzuro w’Abunzi ko atari icyemezo cy’Urukiko kuko uwo mwanzuro w’Abunzi yawurangije nabi cyane ari nayo mpamvu urukiko rwahagaritse cyamunara, aha byumvikane ko urukiko rwari rumaze kumuhagarika kurangiza uwo mwanzuro w’Abunzi kuko hagaragara amakosa mu itangazwa rya cyamunara, usibye ko atari no kugurisha umutungo mu cyamunara mu gihe Abunzi bo bategetse ko agomba guhesha Niyibizi Emmanuel uwo mutungo, iyo nayo ubwayo ni impamvu yo gukuraho iyo cyamunara. [8] Me Umuhoza Marie d’O na Niyibizi Emmanuel bavuze ko imanza baburanye asaba guhagarika cyamunara iri gukorerwa ku mitungo ya Ndimubanzi Mathieu zarangijwe mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko kandi zarangijwe zibanje guterwa kasha mpuruza, kandi n'umwanzuro w' Abunzi nawo wari utewe kasha mpuruza kandi nta cyemezo cyigeze gitesha agaciro iyo kasha

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mpuruza, ngo Ndimubanzi ntakwiye kwitiranya ibintu avuga ko hari imanza zarangijwe zitaraba itegeko. [9] Urukiko rurasanga ibyo Ndimubanzi Mathieu avuga ngo umuhesha w’inkiko ntiyubashye itegeko kuko yahise asubukura cyamunara mu gihe inyandiko mpesha ihagarika cyamunara itarashyirwaho inyandiko mpuruza nta shingiro bifite kuko imanza zari zaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Gisenyi ndetse n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu zemeje ko cyamunara ihagaze by’agateganyo kubera ko imihango y’itangazwa rya cyamunara itubahirijwe. Ibi bikaba byarasobanuraga ko mu gihe ibitari byarakozwe neza byari kuba bimaze gukosorwa cyamunara yagombaga gukomeza. Mu gihe rero habayeho kurangiza urubanza ku bushake nta nyandiko mpuruza yari ikenewe, kuko inyandiko mpuruza iba igamije kugaragaza ko ibyemejwe mu nyandiko mpesha bishobora gushyirwa mu bikorwa, mu gihe rero uwo bireba yahise abishyira mu bikorwa nta nyandiko mpesha yari ikenewe. [10] Urukiko rurasanga ikindi Ndimubanzi Mathieu yagarutseho ari uko ngo umuhesha w’inkiko yarangije nabi cyane umwanzuro w’Abunzi ari nayo mpamvu urukiko rwahagaritse cyamunara, ngo urukiko rwari rwamaze kumuhagarika kurangiza uwo mwanzuro w’Abunzi kuko hagaragara amakosa mu itangazwa rya cyamunara, usibye ko atari no kugurisha umutungo mu cyamunara mu gihe Abunzi bo bategetse ko agomba guhesha Niyibizi Emmanuel iyo ngwate nayo ubwayo ni impamvu yo gukuraho iyo

cyamunara. Icya mbere kigaragara ni uko ibyo kuvuga ko umwanzuro w’Abunzi warangijwe kandi Urukiko rwari rwahagaritse cyamunara nta shingiro bifite kuko nk’uko byagaragajwe haruguru, icyari cyatumye cyamunara ihagarikwa by’agateganyo byarakosowe hanyuma cyamunara ibona gukomeza. Naho ibyo kuvuga ko Umuhesha w’inkiko atari kugurisha umutungo mu cyamunara mu gihe Abunzi bo bategetse ko agomba guhesha Niyibizi Emmanuel iyo ngwate nayo ubwayo ni impamvu yo gukuraho iyo cyamunara ntibyigeze biregerwa cyangwa ngo bibe byaraburanwe mu manza zabanje. Urukiko rero ntirwari kubifataho icyemezo kandi bitarigeze biregerwa. [11] Ku bw’ibyo, impamvu ya mbere yatumye Ndimubanzi Mathieu asaba ko urubanza rwe rusubirwamo nta shingiro ifite. B.Kumenya niba umuhesha w’inkiko ataragombaga guhita akora itangazo rya cyamunara yita ko rikosoye urubanza ruhagarika iyo cyamunara rukimara gusomwa. [12] Ndimubanzi Mathieu yavuze ko umuhesha w’inkiko yakoze amakosa akomeye cyane yo kongera gushyiraho itangazo rya cyamunara mu-gihe urubanza ruyihagarika rwari rukimara gusomwa rutaraba itegeko, kuko mu cyemezo urukiko rwafashe ntaho umucamanza yigeze avuga ko urubanza rurangizwa rukimara gusomwa. Usibye ko n’umuhesha w’inkiko yigiza nkana, nawe ubwe azi neza ko urukiko rw’Ibanze rwahagaritse cyamunara by’agateganyo kubera amakosa yakoze kandi urwo rubanza yahise arujuririra mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu

asaba ko icyo cyemezo cyakurwaho. Iyo rero aza kuba yemerewe gukosora ayo makosa gusa maze agakomeza cyamunara ntiyari kurinda ajurira ahubwo yari kubikora Urukiko rw’Ibanze rukimara gusoma urubanza, ariko kuba yarajuriye maze yabona ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye narwo rwemeje ko cyamunara idakurikije amategeko rukayihagarika agahita akora itangazo yita ko rikosoye binyuranyije n’amategeko kuko yari kurindira urubanza rukaba itegeko na cyane ko imanza zihutirwa zitamara igihe kirekire.

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[13] Me Umuhoza Marie d’O yavuze ko kuba yarahise akora itangazo rikosoye nta makosa arimo kuko ari byo byari byatumye Inkiko zemeza ko cyamunara ihagaze by’agateganyo. Ku ruhande rwe ngo mu gihe iryo kosa ry’imyandikire ryari rimaze gukosorwa nta cyari kubuza cyamunara gukomeza. Ngo ntiyumva icyo Ndimubanzi Mathieu avuga ko yarenganyeho. [14] Urukiko rurasanga ibyo Ndimubanzi Mathieu avuga ko Umuhesha w’Inkiko yakoze amakosa akomeye cyane yo kongera gushyiraho itangazo rya cyamunara mu-gihe urubanza ruyihagarika rwari rukimara gusomwa rutaraba itegeko, kuko mu cyemezo urukiko rwafashe ntaho umucamanza yigeze avuga ko urubanza rurangizwa rukimara gusomwa. Ikibazo cyari kuba iyo Umuhesha w’inkiko akomeza cyamunara urubanza rukimara gusomwa, ariko atabanje gukosora ibyagombaga gukosorwa. Kuba imbogamizi yari ihari, ari na yo yari yatumye hemezwa ko cyamurana ihagaze by’agateganyo, ikaba yari imaze gukosorwa, nta cyari kubuza cyamunara gukosorwa, cyane cyane ko no mu cyemezo cy’Urukiko hari hemejwe ko cyamunara ihagaze by’agateganyo, hagaragazwa n’icyatumye hafatwa icyo cyemezo. Urukiko rwasobanuye ko hatubahirijwe amategeko yo gutangaza cyamunara, ibi bishatse kuvuga ko iyo iryo kosa ryo kutubahiriza itangazwa rya cyamunara ritahaba, ku bw’Urukiko nta cyari kubuza cyamurana gukomeza. Na none kandi, icyo icyemezo cy’Urukiko cyasobanuraga, usesenguye neza ni uko mu gihe ayo

mategeko ya cyamunara yari kuba yubahirijwe ikibazo cyari kuba gikemutse, gahunda ya cyamunara igakomeza. [15] Urukiko rurasanga Ndimubanzi Mathieu yaravuze ko Umuhesha w’Inkiko yari kurindira urubanza rukaba itegeko kuko ngo imanza zihutirwa zitamara igihe kirekire, ariko nta-garagaze icyo yabangamiweho no kuba ibyagombaga gukorwa byarakozwe urubanza rukimara gusomwa. Yavuze gusa ngo amategeko ntiyubahirijwe, ariko ayo mategeko na yo ntiyigeze ayagaragaza. Nta kintu rero Urukiko rwaheraho rwemeza ko Umuhesha w’inkiko yakoze amakosa mu gihe yashyize mu bikorwa ibyo yategetswe n’Urukiko. C.Kumenya niba ibijyanye no kuba cyamunara yakorewe ku mutungo UPI: 3/03/09/01/1792 yateshwa agaciro byafatwaho icyemezo muri uru rubabza [16] Ingingo ya 10 y’ Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko Umucamanza aca urubanza ku cyasabwe cyose kandi kuri icyo cyonyine. [17] Ndimubanzi Matthieu yavuze ko umuhesha w’inkiko yagurishije umutungo we muri cyamunara avuga ko arangiza umwanzuro w’Abunzi b’akagari ka Burushya ufite ni-mero 444, nyamara uyu mwanzuro w’Abunzi n’ubwo wateweho kashe mpuruza yari yarawujuririye, ndetse yandikiye n’urukiko rw’Ibanze arusaba ko rwatesha agaciro iyo kashe-mpuruza nubwo kugeza ubu rutaramusubiza. Ikindi kandi usibye n’ibyo muri uwo mwanzuro w’Abunzi icyemezo

cy’Abunzi bafashe kivuga ko mu-gihe atazaba yishyuye amafaranga yasabwaga mu gihe cy’ukwezi kumwe Niyibizi Emmanuel azajya mu ngwate yatanze. Yatunguwe no kubona umuhesha w’inkiko aza guteza cyamunara umutungo we aho kugirango aheshe Niyibizi Emmanuel ingwate nk’uko Abunzi babyemeje. Ikindi nanone iyi cyamunara ntiyubahirije amategeko cyane cyane ku bijyanye n’itangazwa ryayo aho urukiko rw’Ibanze rwabisuzumye rukayihagarika by’agateganyo, maze umuhesha w’inkiko akajuririra mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu narwo rukemeza ko iyo cyamunara ihagarara, kuba rero umuhesha w’inkiko yararenze kuri ibyo byemezo byombi akongera gukora itangazo rya cyamunara n’izo manza zitaraba itegeko ntacyo yashingiye ho kuko

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yashatse guhinyuza ibyemezo by’inkiko ashaka kugaragaza ko ibyemezo by’inkiko bitamuhagarika mu gukora amakosa ya cyamunara. Ibi byose rero bishimangira ko cyamunara yakozwe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko bityo ikaba igomba gukurwaho. [18] Me Umuhoza Marie d’O yavuze ko cyamunara yakorewe ku mutungo ufite UPI: 3/03/09/01/1792 itateshwa agaciro kuko nk’uko abisobanura avuga ko ngo yandikiye Urukiko rw' Ibanze rwa Gisenyi arusaba gutesha agaciro kashe-mpuruza, ngo ariko ko rutari rwamusubiza. Bishatse kuvuga ko kashe-mpuruza yatewe ku myanzuro y'Abunzi warangizwaga igifite agaciro. Uretse n'ibyo kandi yaregeye Urukiko rw' Ibanze mu rubanza RC00519/2021/TB/GI asaba guhagarikisha cyamunara iri gukorerwa ku mutungo wavuzwe haruguru aratsindwa, urukiko rwemeza ko irangizwa ry' urubanza rikomeza, ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza maze ajuririra mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu mu rubanza RCA00136/2021/TGI/RBV nabwo aratsindwa urukiko rwemeza ko irangizwa ry' uwo mwanzuro w' Abunzi rikomeza. Ngo nk' umuhesha w'inkiko yakomeje kurangiza uwo mwanzuro w' Abunzi ashingiye ko nta cyemezo na kimwe cyigeze gitesha agaciro irangiza ryawo kandi byose byakozwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko. Niyo mpamvu urukiko rukwiye kwemeza ko cyamunara yakozwe itagomba guteshwa agaciro. [19] Urukiko rurasanga icyo Ndimubanzi Mathieu yaregeye mu rubanza RC00519/2021/TB/GI, akanakijuririra mu rubanza

RCA00136/2021/TGI/RBV gisobanutse. Yasobanuye ko asaba Urukiko guhagarika cyamunara iri gukorwa ku mutungo ufite UPI: 3/03/09/01/1792. Yasobanuye ko icyo ashingiraho iki kirego cye ari uko Umuhesha w' Inkiko w 'Umwuga Umuhoza Marie D’O yakomeje cyamunara kandi urukiko rwarategetse ko ihagarara ariko ntiyubahiriza icyemezo cy'urukiko ahubwo akomeza cyamunara urubanza ruyihagarika rutaraba n'itegeko. Hakurikijwe ingingo yavuzwe haruguru, iki ni cyo inkiko zigomba gufataho icyemezo muri izi manza, hakemezwa ko cyamunara ikomeje cyangwa se idakomeje. Kubirengaho agasaba ko cyamunara yabaye ikarangira yateshwa agaciro ni ikindi kirego gitandukanye n’icyo yaregeye. Nta cyemezo rero Urukiko rwagifataho kuko rutigeze rukiregerwa, cyane cyane ko adashobora guhindura ikirego mu gihe urubanza ruri ku rwego rwo gusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane. [20] Urukiko rurasanga ibyo Ndimubanzi Mathieu yagarutseho by’uko icyemezo cy’Abunzi bafashe kivuga ko mu gihe atazaba yishyuye amafaranga yasabwaga mu gihe cy’ukwezi kumwe Niyibizi Emmanuel azajya mu ngwate yatanze na byo ntibyigeze biburanwa mu rubanza yasabiye gusubirwamo, dore ko bitari gusuzumwa kandi bitararegewe. No kuri uru rwego rero nta cyemezo byafatwaho. [21] Ku bw’ibyo, ibyo kumenya niba cyamunara yateshwa agaciro nta cyemezo byafatwaho kuko atari byo byaregewe. D. Kumenya niba indishyi zasabwe muri uru rubanza zahabwa

ishingiro [22] Ndimubanzi Mathieu yavuze ko asaba urukiko gutegeka umuhesha w’inkiko kumwishyura ibihombo byose byatewe n’irangizwa ry’umwanzuro w’Abunzi nabi. Ibyo bihombo bigizwe n’indishyi zingana-na 1.100.000Frw yaciwe mu manza zihagarika cyamunara, amafaranga 800.000 Frw umuhesha w’inkiko yihembye mu gihe cyo kurangiza umwanzuro w’Abunzi. Umutungo we watejwe cyamunara kandi utaragombaga kugurishwa ufite agaciro ka 2.000.000Frw. Imyaka yari ihinze muri uwo mutungo ifite agaciro ka 3.000.000Frw. Igihembo cy’Avoka waburanye imanza zihagarika cyamunara mu Rukiko rw’Ibanze no mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye cya 2.000.000 Frw.

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Amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza angana na 3.000.000Frw Indishyi zose hamwe asaba zikaba zingana na 10.000.000Frw. [23] Me Umuhoza Marie d’O yavuze ko indishyi Ndimubanzi Mathieu asaba nta shingiro zahabwa kuko urubanza rwarangijwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko, n’ubwo yagiye mu karengane bakagaragaza ngo ko harimo akarengane ariko rwose urukiko ruzongere rubisuzume neza ruzasanga nta karengane kigeze kagaragara mu irangizwa ry' umwanzuro w' Abunzi Ahubwo hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 111 y’Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, urukiko rwategeka Ndimubanzi Mathieu gutanga indishyi zo kumushora mu manza zingana na 1 000 000Frw ndetse n' igihembo cya Avoka kingana na 500 000Frw. [24] Urukiko rurasanga indishyi zisabwa na Ndimubanzi Matthieu nta shingiro zifite kuko ikirego cye nta shingiro gifite. Indishyi zigenerwa uwashowe mu manza, naho we ni we wazishoyemo, arangije aratsindwa. [25] Urukiko rurasanga Me Umuhoza Marie d’O akwiye guhabwa na Ndimubanzi Mathieu igihembo cya Avoka kuri uru rwego. Hakurikijwe uko urubanza rwatangiye, kuri uru rwego akaba akwiye guhabwa igihembo cya Avoka kingana na 250 000Frw cyiyongera ku yo yagenewe mu nkiko zibanza. Ayo gushorwa mu manza yo akaba adakwiye kuyahabwa kuri uru rwego kuko ayo yagenewe mu nkiko zibanza ahagije. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [26] Rwemeje ko ikirego cyatanzwe na Ndimubanzi Mathieu gisubirishamo ku

mpamvu z’akarengane urubanza RCA00136/2021/TGI/RBV rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu ku wa 30/12/2021 nta shingiro gifite ; [27] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza RCA00136/2021/TGI/RBV rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu ku wa 30/12/2021 igumyeho, hakiyongeraho gusa igihembo cya Avoka; [28] Rwemeje ko Ndimubanzi Mathieu agomba guha Me Umuhoza Marie d’O amafaranga ibihumbi maganabiri na mirongo itanu (250 000Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka yiyongera ku zindi ndishyi yategetswe gutanga mu nkiko zibanza. Akayatanga ku neza urubanza rukimara kuba itegeko, bitaba ibyo, agakurwa mu mitungo ye ku ngufu za Leta.