NDIMUKAGA vs BNN Ltd N’UNDI

# NDIMUKAGA vs BNN Ltd N’UNDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2022-11-18 - Case/document no.: RCOMAA 00050/2022/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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NDIMUKAGA vs BNN Ltd N’UNDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RCOMAA 00050/2022/CA (Ngagi, P.J.,) 18 Ugushyingo 2022] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza – kwakira ubujurire bwa kabiri – Indishyi – Mu kugena agaciro k’ikiburanwa hashobora gushingirwa ku ndishyi zagenwe, cyangwa agaciro kemejwe n’urukiko nyuma y’impaka z’ababuranyi, haba nta gaciro kagenwe n’inkiko hagashingirwa ku kagenwe n’umuhanga. Incamake y’ikibazo: Sosiyete BNN Ltd ifatanyije na sosiyete PROFILCO Ltd zagiranye amasezerano atandukanye n’uwitwa Ndimukaga Frodouard yo gutunganya inkengero z’umuhanda haterwamo ubusitani. Ndimukaga Frodouard avuga ko atishyuwe ikiguzi cy’imirimo yakoze yari iteganyijwe mu masezerano, bituma arega izo sosiyete mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi asaba kwishyurwa umwenda bamubereyemo hamwe n’inyungu zayo. Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwemeje ko ikirego gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe. Sosiyete BNN Ltd ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urwo rubanza, maze iyijuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, ivuga ko yajuriye kugira ngo icyemezo cyafashwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi gikurweho kuko urwo Rukiko rutari rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha kuko Ndimukaga atari afite ububasha, inyungu n’ubushobozi byo kurega, maze uru Rukiko rwemeza ko rwari rufite ububasha. Uwareze hamwe n’abaregwa bajuririye bose mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, Ndimukaga Frodouard avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rutamugeneye amafaranga ahwanye n’imirimo yakoze, avuga kandi ko urukiko rwaregewe rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ubujurire bwe bwa kabiri. BNN Ltd na PROFILCO Ltd naba bavuga ko bajuririye ku mpamvu yuko Urukiko Rukuru rw’ubucuruzi rwemeje ko yishyura Ndimukaga Frodouard ibikorwa bitateganyijwe mu masezerano, kandi ko uru rukiko rudafite ububasha bwo kuburanisha uru rubanza kuko indishyi zagenwe zitagejeje nibura kuri 75.000.000Frw ateganywa n’itegeko. Incamake y’icyemezo: Mu kugena agaciro k’ikiburanwa hashobora gushingirwa ku ndishyi zagenwe, cyangwa agaciro kemejwe n’urukiko nyuma y’impaka z’ababuranyi, haba nta gaciro kagenwe n’inkiko hagashingirwa ku kagenwe n’umuhanga. Ubujurire ntiburi mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N°30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, ingingo ya 52. Imanza zifashishijwe:

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RCOMAA 00050/2020/CA rwa Rutabingwa vs Minerals Supply Africa Ltd (MISA Ltd), rwaciwe ku wa 24/12/2020; RCOMAA 00013/2021/CA rwa Habyarimana Charles vs MTN Rwandacell Ltd n’abandi; RSOCAA 0004/2018/CA, rwa Georges NIHAL BOPEARATCHY vs Karongi Tea Factory Ltd rwaciwe ku wa 09/11/2018; RCOMAA 00004/2020/CA, rwa Mabuye Joseph, Nzizera Alexandre n’abandi vs Shane Martin Dale n’undi; rwaciwe ku wa 11/12/2020; RCOMA 00008/2021/CA rwa Akarere ka Gicumbi vs Woord Group Ltd rwaciwe ku wa 13/06/2022. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] BNN Ltd ifatanyije na PROFILCO Ltd bagiranye amasezerano na Ndimukaga Frodouard yo gutunganya inkengero z’umuhanda haterwamo ubusitani, amasezerano ya mbere yabayeho ku wa 23/10/2018, harimo gutunganya ubutaka bungana na 21.000m2 buzenguruka umuhanda KN 3 (Kanogo – Rwandex) hagaterwamo ubusitani, ku giciro cya 3.200 Frw/m2. Ku wa 15/01/2019 nabwo bagirana andi masezerano yo gutunganya ubutaka buzenguruka umuhanda KK 30 Road 5: Nyamirambo - Rebero (A), Rebero – RDB Rebero (B), RDB Rebero – Nyanza (C) ku giciro cya 3.000 Frw/m2. Ku wa 07/07/2020, Ndimukaga Frodouard yandikiye BNN Ltd ifatanyije na PROFILCO Ltd yishyuza umwenda wa 133.813.025 Frw ateye ku buryo bukurikira: 71.459.785 Frw ku masezerano yo ku wa 23/10/2018, 60.119.000 Frw ku masezerano yo ku wa 15/01/2019, 1.234.240 Frw yo gutunganya ubusitani bwo ku biro bya China Road and Bridge Corporation. [2] Ndimukaga Frodouard abonye atishyuwe, yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi arega BNN Ltd na PROFILCO Ltd, asaba Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi gutegeka BNN Ltd na PROFILCO Ltd kumwishyura umwenda ungana na 133.813.025 Frw n’inyungu zayo. BNN Ltd yireguye ivuga ko amasezerano yagiranye na Ndimukaga Frodouard humvikanywemo igihembo cya 134.566.000 Frw kandi hari ayo yishyuye, hakaba hasigaye umwenda ungana na 4.407.200 Frw. PROFILCO Ltd yo yireguye ivuga ko itagombaga kuregwa kuko mu nama yo ku wa 17/05/2020, BNN Ltd yamenyesheje PROFILCO Ltd ko Ndimukaga Frodouard yamenyeshejwe ukwikura mu nshingano kwa PROFILCO Ltd mu masezerano. [3] Mu rubanza RCOM 01319/2020/TC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 18/02/2021, rwemeje ko ikirego cya Ndimukaga Frodouard gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe; rutegeka BNN Ltd kwishyura Ndimukaga Frodouard 50.134.240Frw itamwishyuye na 5.013.424 Frw y’inyungu,100.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza, 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 20.000 Frw y’ingwate y’amagarama, rutegeka kandi BNN Ltd kwishyura PROFILCO Ltd 100.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza na 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka. [4] BNN Ltd ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urwo rubanza iyijuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ivuga ko Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwafashe icyemezo cy’uko BNN Ltd yishyura 50.134.240 Frw kandi harimo n’amafaranga Ndikumana Frodouard yari yarishyuwe, ko rwamubariye nkuwarangije imirimo yose, kandi atari yakayirangije, ko rwabariye ahakozwe hose kuri 3.000 Frw/m2 kandi hari aho byari bitegenyijwe ko agomba kwishyurwa 1.200 Frw/m2 kuko hatewe ibyatsi gusa, ko amafaranga Ndimukaga Frodouard yasabye ari menshi kuko yagiye

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afata igiciro cya metero kare (m2) imwe bumvikanye, akagikuba na metero kare we ubwe yapimye atabyemeranyijweho na ba nyirimirimo, ko rweremeje ko BNN Ltd yishyura 5.013.424 Frw y’inyungu rushingiye ku mafaranga y’umwenda rwemeje kandi atariyo, ko n’inyungu nta gaciro zagombaga guhabwa, kuko Ndimukaga Froduard yagiye kurega atabanje kwegera BNN Ltd ngo bavugane kuri icyo kibazo, kuko nayo yari itarishyurwa ngo imwishyure amafaranga yose uko akubiye mu masezerano. Ivuga kandi ko yajuriye kugira ngo icyemezo cyafashwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi gikurweho kuko urwo Rukiko rutari rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ikirego rwashyikirijwe, ko na Ndimukaga Frodouard atari afite ububasha n’inyungu, n’ubushobozi byo kurega. [5] Ku wa 18/02/2022, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwaciye urubanza RCOMA 00215/2021/HCC rwemeza ko Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwari rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ikirego rwashyikirijwe na Ndimukaga Frodouard, ko Ndimukaga Frodouard afite ububasha bwo gutanga ikirego yashyikirije Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, rutegeka BNN Ltd kwishyura Ndimukaga Frodouard umwenda ungana 11.996.028 Frw n’inyungu zingana 1.199.602 Frw. Rwemeje ko nta mafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’ay’igihembo cya Avoka BNN Ltd kimwe na Ndimukaga Frodouard bagomba guhabwa, rwemeza ko nta ndishyi z’akababaro, nta n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’ay’igihembo cya Avoka PROFILCO Ltd igomba guhabwa, ko buri ruhande hagati ya BNN Ltd na Ndimukaga Frodourd rwirengera amafaranga rwishyuye umuhanga, ko amagarama yatanzwe na BNN Ltd ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza. [6] Ndimukaga Frodouard na BNN Ltd bombi bajuririye urwo rubanza muri uru Rukiko, Ndimukaga Frodouard avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rutamugeneye amafaranga ahwanye n’imirimo yakoze, kandi rukaba rutarasuzumye ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi yari yatanze, asaba kugenerwa amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka ndetse n’indishyi z’akababaro, maze ubujurire bwayo bwandikwa RCOMAA 00050/2022/CA, naho BNN Ltd yo ijurira ivuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’ubucuruzi rwemeje ko yishyura Ndimukaga Frodouard amafaranga ahwanye n’ibikorwa byakozwe kuri 27.000m2 kandi mu masezerano byari biteganijwe ko hazakorwa 20.000m2, ibyakozwe bitari mu masezerano ikaba itagomba kubiryozwa, igasaba gusubizwa amafanga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka, ubujurire bwabo bwahurijwe hamwe kugira ngo buzaburanishirizwe hamwe mu rubanza RCOMAA 00050/2022/CA-CMB RCOMAA 00051/2022/CA. [7] Urubanza rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame ku wa 14/11/2022, Ndimukaga Froduard yunganiwe na Me Nyiringabo Theoneste, BNN Ltd ihagarariwe n’Umuyobozi wayo Muhoza Emmanuel, nawe akunganirwa na Buhuru Pierre Celestin afatanyije na Me Umumararungu Priscilla, naho PROFILCO Ltd ihagarariwe na Me Kayitare Jean Pierre, haburanishwa ku nzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’uru Rukiko ishingiye ku ngano y’indishyi zagennwe n’Urukiko yazamuwe n’Urukiko rubyibwirije. II.IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYABYO 1.Kumenya niba ubujurire bwa Ndimukaga Frodouard na BNN Ltd butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire [8] Ndimukaga Frodouard n’umwunganira basabwe kugaragaza niba ubujurire bwabo buhuye n’ibiteganwa n’ingingo ya 52, igika cya 2, agace ka 8, y’Itegeko N° 30/2018 ryo ku wa

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02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko n’ubujurire, Me Nyiringabo Theoneste, wunganira Ndimukaga Frodouard, avuga ko ubujurire bw’uwo yunganira buri mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kubera ko agaciro k’ikiburanwa karengeje 75.000.000 Frw, kuko umwenda waregewe ungana na 133.813.025 Frw, n’inyungu zayo zingana na 10% y’umwenda wishyuzwa angana na 13.381.313 Frw, akaba rero asanga Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ubujurire bwa kabiri bwatanzwe na Ndimukaga Frodouard. [9] Ababuranira BNN Ltd bavuga ko nubwo nabo bajuriye ariko basanga Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rudafite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ubu bujurire. Uhagarariye PROFILCO Ltd nawe avuga ko Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rudafite ububasha bwo kuburanisha uru rubanza. Bose bahuriza ku kuba indishyi zagenwe n’Urukiko zitagejeje nibura kuri 75.000.000 Frw, nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 52, igika cya 2, agace ka 8, y’Itegeko N° 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 ryibukijwe haruguru. Basobanura ko Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwategetse BNN Ltd kwishyura Ndimukaga Frodouard 50.134.240 Frw na 5.013.424 Frw y’inyungu zayo; naho Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwo ruyitegeka kwishyura Ndimukaga Frodouard umwenda ungana na 11.996.028 Frw n’inyungu zingana na 1.199.602 Frw, ko rero indishyi zagenwe zitageze kuri 75.000.000 Frw ziteganywa n’Itegeko. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [10] Impaka kuri iki kibazo zishingiye ku kumenya ikigomba gushingirwaho mu kwemeza ko ubujurire bwa kabiri bwakirwa hagati y’indishyi zasabwe mu itangwa ry’ ikirego n’indishyi zagenwe n’Urukiko. [11] Ingingo ya 52, igika cya 2, agace ka 8, y’Itegeko N°30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko iteganya ibikurikira: “Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rufite kandi ububasha bwo kuburanisha mu rwego rw’ubujurire bwa kabiri imanza zaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi n’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare, iyo izo manza: 8° zagenwemo n’urukiko indishyi zingana nibura na miliyoni mirongo irindwi n’eshanu z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda (75.000.000 Frw) cyangwa zifite agaciro kagenwe n’umucamanza mu gihe habaye impaka kangana na miliyoni mirongo irindwi n’eshanu z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda (75.000.000 Frw)”. [12] Urukiko rurasanga icyo iyi ngingo ivuga, nk’uko byagiye binagarukwaho mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’uru Rukiko, ari uko iyo hari indishyi zagenwe mu rubanza ari zo zigomba gushingirwaho, naho byaba ngombwa ko hashingirwa ku gaciro k’ikiburanwa hakarebwa agaciro kemejwe n’urukiko nyuma y’impaka z’ababuranyi; haba nta gaciro kagenwe n’inkiko hagashingirwa ku kagenwe n’umuhanga iyo bibaye ngombwa. Mu yandi magambo, ku bijyanye n’iyakirwa ry’ubujurire bwa kabiri, umushingamategeko ntiyashatse ko hashingirwa ku gaciro umuburanyi yigeneye ubwe. [13] Ibi niko byemejwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu rubanza RCOMAA 00050/2020/CA rwaciwe ku wa 24/12/2020 mu bika bya 23 na 24, haburana Rutabingwa Jean Paul na Minerals Supply Africa Ltd (MISA Ltd)1. Uyu murongo ni nawo Urukiko rw’Ubujurire 1 Ku birebana n’ikibazo cyo kumenya niba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ubujurire bwa Rutabingwa Jean Paul ku rwego rwa kabiri, mu ngingo ya 52, igika cya

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rwakomeje gukurikiza mu manza zitandukanye zirimo urubanza RCOMAA 00013/2021/CA haburana Habyarimana Charles na MTN Rwandacell Ltd n’abandi mu gika cyarwo cya 39; mu rubanza RSOCAA 0004/2018/CA rwaciwe ku wa 09/11/2018, haburana Georges NIHAL BOPEARATCHY na Karongi Tea Factory Ltd; mu rubanza RCOMAA 00004/2020/CA rwaciwe ku wa 11/12/2020, hajuriyemo Mabuye Joseph, Nzizera Alexandre, PAJ Real Estate Ltd na Warehouse barega Shane Martin Dale na Mugiraneza Pascal; no mu rubanza RCOMA 00008/2021/CA rwaciwe ku wa 13/06/2022, haburana Akarere ka Gicumbi na Woord Group Ltd. [14] Ku bijyanye n’uru rubanza, Ndimukaga Frodouard yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi arega BNN Ltd na PROFILCO Ltd, asaba urwo Rukiko gutegeka BNN Ltd na PROFILCO Ltd kumwishyura umwenda ungana na 133.813.025 Frw n’inyungu zayo. Mu rubanza RCOM 01319/2020/TC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 18/02/2021, urwo Rukiko rwemeje ko ikirego cya Ndimukaga Frodouard gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe, rutegeka BNN Ltd kwishyura Ndimukaga Frodouard 50.134.240 Frw itamwishyuye na 5.013.424 Frw y’inyungu,100.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza, 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 20.000 Frw y’ingwate y’amagarama, rutegeka kandi BNN Ltd kwishyura PROFILCO Ltd 100.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza na 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka. Mu bujurire, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwaciye urubanza RCOMA 00215/2021/HCC ku wa 18/02/2022, rutegeka BNN Ltd kwishyura Ndimukaga Frodouard umwenda ungana na 11.996.028 Frw n’inyungu zingana na 1.199.602 Frw, yose hamwe akaba ari 13.195.630 Frw. [15] Urukiko rurasanga kuba Ndimukaga Frodouard yarareze BNN Ltd na PROFILCO Ltd asaba kwishyurwa umwenda ungana na 133.813.025 Frw n’inyungu zayo; nk’uko byibukijwe haruguru; nyuma y’impaka, Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rukayigenera 50.134.240 Frw itamwishyuye na 5.013.424 Frw y’inyungu, naho mu bujurire, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rukamugenera 11.996.028 Frw n’inyungu zingana na 1.199.602 Frw, yose hamwe akaba ari 13.195.630 Frw, bivuze ko indishyi zagennwe n’inkiko ari zo zigomba gushingirwaho hasuzumwa ko ubujurire bwa Ndimukaga Frodouard buri mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 52, igika cya 2, agace ka 8, y’Itegeko N° 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 ryibukijwe haruguru, aho kuba ayasabwe na Ndimukaga Frodouard ku rwego rwa mbere nk’uko Me Nyiringabo Theoneste umwunganira ashaka ku byumvikanisha. [16] Hashingiwe ku bisobanuro bimaze gutangwa, Urukiko rurasanga ubu bujurire butagomba kwakirwa, kuko butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kuko nk’uko byagaragajwe haruguru, indishyi zagenwe n’inkiko zabanje nta zigeze nibura kuri 75.000.000Frw ziteganywa mu ngingo ya 52, igika cya 2, agace ka 8º, y’Itegeko N° 30/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru. 2.Kumenya niba amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka asabwa muri uru rubanza afite ishingiro kabiri, agace ka 8º, yavuzwe haruguru, havugwamo ko agaciro k’ikiburanwa mu rubanza gashingirwaho ari akemejwe n’umucamanza igihe habaye impaka, akaba rero atari agaciro katanzwe n’umuburanyi igihe yatangaga ikirego nk’uko Me Kayitare Serge, uburanira Rutabingwa Jean Paul, abiburanisha, kandi urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ashingiraho imiburanire ye, rwari rushingiye ku itegeko ubu ritakiriho.

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[17] Uhagarariye PROFILCO Ltd avuga ko uwo ahagarariye asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka Ndimukaga Frodouard kuyishyura 1.000.000 Frw y'igihembo cya Avoka na 500.000 Frw y'ikurikiranarubanza. Abahagarariye BNN Ltd bo bavuga ko ntacyo basaba. [18] Uhagarariye Ndimukaga Frodouard yiregura ku mafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka PROFILCO Ltd isaba avuga ko ntayo yahabwa, mu gihe urubanza rwaba rutari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [19] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z‘imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ibikurikira: “Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe”. [20] Urukiko rurasanga amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ay’ikurikiranarubanza PROFILCO Ltd isaba Ndimukaga Frodouard ikwiye kuyahabwa, kuko byabaye ngombwa ko ishaka Avoka wo kuyiburanira, ariko rukaba rusanga ayo isaba ari menshi harebwe ko urubanza rugarukiye ku nzitizi y’iburabubasha gusa; bityo mu bushishozi bwarwo rukaba ruyigeneye 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 200.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza, kuri uru rwego. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [21] Rwemeje kutakira ubujurire bwa Ndimukaga Frodouard na BNN Ltd kuko butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. [22] Rutegetse Ndimukaga Frodouard kwishyura PROFILCO Ltd 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 200.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza, kuri uru rwego. [23] Ruvuze ko amagarama yatanzwe ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza.