UBUSHINJACYAHA v. NGIRIMANA

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v. NGIRIMANA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-04-03 - Case/document no.: RS/RECT/RP00003/2025/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v. NGIRIMANA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RS/RECT/RP00003/2025/CA (Kaliwabo, P.J.) 03 Mata 2025] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza nshinjabyaha – Gukosoza urubanza – Ikirego gisaba gukosoza urubanza – Ikirego gisaba gukosora urubanza kigamije gukosora amakosa y’imyandikire adahindura ireme ry’urubanza, no kuba urubanza rukosora urundi rwuzuza urubanza rukosorwa, byumvikanisha ko n’ababuranyi bagomba kuba ari bamwe, nta w’undi muntu ufite ububasha bwo gukosoza urubanza atabayemo umuburanyi. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ngirimana yatanze ikirego muri uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire gikosoza urubanza RPAA00266/2023/CA rwaciwe ku wa 27/12/2024, avuga ko uwahamijwe icyaha muri urwo rubanza yiyitiriye amazina ye ahisha guhanirwa isubiracyaha, mu gihe amazina ye nyayo ari Twizerimana. Asobanura ko murumuna we witwa Twizerimana yiyitiriye amazina ye agamije guhisha ko yakoze isubiracyaha, ibi ngo akaba yarabimenye aruko Ubuyobozi buje kumwishyuza amafaranga y’ihazabu yaciwe, asaba ko amazina ye yavanwa mu rubanza rwavuzwe, agasimbuzwa ay’uwakoze icyaha ariwe Twizerimana. Muri uru rubanza, Uwahamijwe icyaha mu izina rya Ngirimana Jean Pierre avuga ko amazina yakoresheje ari aya mukuru we, kugirango bitamenyekana ko yakoze isubiracyaha, ko we yitwa Twizerimana. Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko bwatangiye iperereza ku myirondoro y’uwahamijwe icyaha kugira ngo nibiba ngombwa buzasabe ko urubanza rukosorwa, kuko uyu Ngirimana adashobora gukosoza urubanza atabayemo umuburanyi. Incamake y’icyemezo: Ikirego gisaba gukosora urubanza kigamije gukosora amakosa y’imyandikire adahindura ireme ry’urubanza, no kuba urubanza rukosora urundi rwuzuza urubanza rukosorwa, byumvikanisha ko n’ababuranyi bagomba kuba ari bamwe, nta w’undi muntu ufite ububasha bwo gukosoza urubanza atabayemo umuburanyi. Ikirego nticyakiriwe. Amagarama aherera ku isanduku ya Leta. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 027/2019 ryo kuwa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, ingingo ya 264. Itegeko N° 022/2018 ryo kuwa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 138 n’iya 140. Nta manza zifashishijwe. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’IKIBAZO [1] Mu rubanza RP 01391/2019/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe ku wa 31/12/2019, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, rwahamije uwitwa Ngirimana Jean Pierre icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo

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mu bwoko bw’urumogi, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25ans) no gutanga ihazabu ya 20.000.000Frw. [2] Ushinjwa yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, narwo mu rubanza RPA00270/2020/HC/KIG rwaciwe kuwa 30/3/2022, rusanga igihano yahanishijwe gikwiranye n’uburemere bw’icyaha yakoze, rumuhamisha ku gifungo cy’imyaka 25 no gutanga ihazabu y’amafaranga 20.000.000. [3] Ushinjwa yongeye kujurira asaba kugabanyirizwa ibihano, maze mu rubanza RPAA00266/2023/CA rwaciwe ku wa 27/12/2024, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itandatu (16ans) no gutanga ihazabu y’amafaranga miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000 Frw). [4] Nyuma yuko urubanza rubaye itegeko habonetse undi muntu witwa Ngirimana Jean Pierre, nawe akaba mwene Kagemanyi na Nyirakagina ariko we akaba yaravutse mu 1986, yandikiye Urukiko asaba ko urubanza RPAA00266/2023/CA rukosorwa kuko murumuna we witwa Twizerimana yiyitiriye amazina ye agamije guhisha ko yakoze insubiracyaha, ibi ngo akaba yarabimenye aruko Ubuyobozi buje kumwishyuza amafaranga y’ihazabu yaciwe, asaba ko amazina ye yavanwa mu rubanza rwavuzwe, agasimbuzwa ay’uwakoze icyaha ariwe Twizerimana. [5] Urukiko rwasuzumye iki kirego mu nama y’abacamanza (chambre du conseil) yo kuwa 20/03/2025, ruyisubukura ku wa 03/04/2025 hitabye uvuga ko ari we Ngirimana Jean Pierre yunganiwe na Me Nduwamungu Claudien, uwakatiwe ku mazina ya Ngirimana Jean Pierre nawe yitabye hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya VCF naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na PN Butera Oscar. [6] Uwahamijwe icyaha mu izina rya Ngirimana Jean Pierre yavuze ko ayo ari amazina ya mukuru we, ko we yitwa Twizerimana ariko akaba yarahisemo kwandikisha amazina ya mukuru we kugira ngo bitamenyekana ko yakoze insubiracyaha. Ubushinjacyaha bwavuze ko, nyuma yo kubona inyandiko y’uvuga ko ari we Ngirimana Jean Pierre, bwatangiye iperereza ku myirondoro y’uwahamijwe icyaha kugira ngo nibiba ngombwa buzasabe ko urubanza rukosorwa, ko uvuga ko ariwe Ngirimana adashobora gukosoza urubanza atabayemo umuburanyi. [7] Uvuga ko ari we Ngirimana Jean Pierre yunganiwe na Me Nduwamungu Claudien yavuze ko yahisemo kwandika akosoza kuko yabonaga aryozwa icyaha atakoze, ko inzira yose yasabwa gukurikiza yabikora ariko akavanwaho ubusembwa yatejwe na Twizerimana. Urukiko rwasuzumye ikibazo kirebana n’ububasha bw’uwatanze ikirego gikosoza urubanza. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [8] Ingingo ya 264 y’Itegeko N° 027/2019 ryo kuwa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha ivuga ko ku bindi bidateganyijwe muri iri tegeko bijyanye n’imiburanishirize, hakurikizwa itegeko rigenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, keretse mu gihe amahame ateganywa n’iryo Tegeko adashobora gukoreshwa mu miburanishirize y’imanza nshinjabyaha. [9] Ingingo ya 138 y’Itegeko N° 022/2018 ryo kuwa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi ivuga ko, ibirego bisaba gusobanura cyangwa gukosora amakosa ari mu rubanza biregerwa urukiko rwaciye urwo rubanza bigasuzumwa n’umucamanza waruciye. Naho ingingo ya 140 y’iri Tegeko ikavuga ko urubanza rusobanura cyangwa rukosora urundi rwuzuza urubanza rwasabiwe gusobanurwa cyangwa gukosorwa.

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[10] Urukiko rurasanga, kuba ikirego gisaba gukosora urubanza kigamije gukosora amakosa y’imyandikire no kuba urubanza rukosora urundi rugize rumwe n’urukosorwa byumvikanisha ko n’ababuranyi bagomba kuba ari bamwe muri izi manza zombi, bityo undi muntu akaba adafite ububasha bwo gukosoza urubanza atabayemo umuburanyi. [11] Rurasanga uvuga ko yitwa Ngirimana Jean Pierre wavutse mu 1986 atarigeze aba umuburanyi mu rubanza asaba gukosoza, bityo ikirego cye kikaba kitagomba kwakirwa; naho amakosa avuga ko ari mu mwirondoro w’uwakatiwe mu rubanza RPAA00266/2023/CA akazasuzumwa biturutse ku busabe bw’umwe mu babaye ababuranyi muri urwo rubanza. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [12] Rwemeje kutakira ikirego RS/RECT/RP00003/2025/CA gisaba gukosora urubanza RPAA00266/2023/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/12/2024. [13] Rutegetse ko amagarama y’urubanza aherera ku Isanduku ya Leta.