NIKUZE N’ABANDI v. RADIANT INSURANCE COMPANY N’UNDI

# NIKUZE N’ABANDI v. RADIANT INSURANCE COMPANY N’UNDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-10-21 - Case/document no.: RCAA 00031/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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NIKUZE N’ABANDI v. RADIANT INSURANCE COMPANY N’UNDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RCAA 00031/2024/CA (Rutazana, P.J.) 21 Ukwakira 2025] Amategeko agenga ububasha bw’Inkiko – Ububasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire – Ubujurire bwa kabiri – Indishyi zemejwe mu rubanza – Indishyi zatanzwe mu rubanza rwajuririwe ni zo zirebwa mu kumenya niba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ubujurire bwa kabiri . Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza – Itegeko ritariho – Amagambo «itegeko ritariho» agomba kumvikana mu buryo bw’itegeko ritagikoreshwa (loi abrogée, repealed law), cyangwa itegeko ritaratangira gukoreshwa (loi non encore en vigueur a law not yet in force), cyangwa se itegeko ritigeze ribaho (qui n’a jamais existé, a law that never existed). Incamake y’ikibazo: Nyuma yuko inkongi y’umuriro itwitse inzu Nikuze yabikagamo ibitambaro ndetse akanayibanamo n’umuryango we, yandikiye REG ayisaba kumuriha ibyangijwe n’iyo nkongi y’umuriro, nayo imusubiza ko yabisaba Radiant Insurance company Ltd nk’umwishingizi wayo ikabimwishyura. Radiant imaze kubona raporo yuko ibyangiritse bifite agaciro ka 13 500 000 Frw yanze kwishyura Nikuze, nawe atanga ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge arega iyo sosiyete y’ubwishingizi asaba Urukiko kuyitegeka kumwishyura indishyi zingana na 75.168.800 frw. Abana ba Nikuze nabo batanze ikirego barega Radiant Insurance company Ltd basaba kwishyurwa indishyi zinyuranye zikomoka ku mpanuka y’inkongi y’umuriro yavuzwe haruguru, zirimo agaciro k’ibyangiritse ku nzu, agaciro k’ibikoresho byo mu nzu byahiriyemo ndetse n’amafaranga y’ubukode bw’inzu babamo. Imanza zombi zahurijwe hamwe, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge mu guca urubanza rwemeza ko ikirego gifite ishingiro rutegeka Radiant kwishyura abarega indishyi zingana na 64.077.783 Frw. Radiant yajuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru inenga kuba mu rubanza Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwaremeje ko inkongi y’umuriro yatwitse inzu yaturutse ku burangare bwa REG Ltd nta bimenyetso rushingiyeho, rukirengagiza ibyo yarushyikirije nyuma y’ipfundikira ry’urubanza byemeza ko inzu yahiye ku burangare bwa Ndayisenga François wahinduye cashpower bidakozwe n’abakozi ba REG Ltd. Asaba ko REG Ltd ihatirwa kugoboka mu rubanza ku gahato kugira ngo isobanure ibijyanye na cashpower iri ku nzu yahiye no kumenya niba hari uruhare yaba ifite mu itwikwa ry' iyo nzu. Urukiko Rukuru rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko bufite ishingiro kuko nta kimenyetso kigaragaza ko inzu ya Nikuze Christine yahiye biturutse ku makosa ya REG Ltd, bityo Radiant Insurance Company Ltd nk’umwishingizi wa REG Ltd ikaba ari ntacyo igomba kuryozwa mu byangiritse; rutegeka ko indishyi zose zategetswe ku rwego rwa mbere zikuweho. Nikuze na bagenzi be bajuririye mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, Radiant Insurance Ltd na REG Ltd batanga inzitizi ishingiye ku kuba mu rubanza rwajuririwe nta ndishyi zigeze kuri 75,000,000 Frw zagenwemo, bityo ko Urukiko rw’ubujurire budafite ububasha. Abajuriye bireguye kuri iyi nzitizi bavuga ko nta shingiro ifite kuko ikiburanwa gifite agaciro karenze 75.000.000 Frw harebwe indishyi zingana na 64.077.783 Frw zemejwe mu rubanza

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rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge ku rwego rwa mbere, hakaniyongeraho 4.000.000 Frw y’igihembo cy’abavoka, n’andi mafaranga yagaragajwe n’igenagaciro ryakozwe nyuma y’uko bajuriye. Bavuga kandi ko urubanza rwajuririwe rwaciwe hashingiwe ku itegeko ritariho bityo uru Rukiko rukaba rufite bubasha bwo kuburanisha ubujurire bwabo. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Indishyi zatanzwe mu rubanza rwajuririwe ni zo zirebwa mu kumenya niba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ubujurire bwa kabiri. 2. Amagambo «itegeko ritariho» agomba kumvikana mu buryo bw’itegeko ritagikoreshwa (loi abrogée, repealed law), cyangwa itegeko ritaratangira gukoreshwa (loi non encore en vigueur a law not yet in force), cyangwa se itegeko ritigeze ribaho (qui n’a jamais existé, a law that never existed). Inzitizi y’iburabubasha ifite ishingiro. Amagarama ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, Ingingo ya 52, igika cya 2, agace ka 8°. Imanza zifashishijwe: RSOCAA 00004/2018/CA; GEORGE NIHAL BOPEARATCHY vs KARONGI TEA FACTORY Ltd rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 09/11/2018; RCAA 00015/2024/CA; Nyirandabaruta Spéciose Kibonge vs CHINA ROAD AND BRIDGE CORPORATION (CRBC) Ltd rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/9/2024; RCOMAA 00024/2023/CA; WHITEFIELD INVESTMENT COMPANY Ltd vs THOMAS ET PIRON GRANDS LACS Ltd n’abandi rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 29/11/2024. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku wa 29/04/2019 inzu Nikuze Christine yabikagamo ibitambaro yacuruzaga akanayibanamo n’umuryango we yafashwe n’inkongi y’umuriro w’amashanyarazi irashya, maze amajyora y’imyenda ya Nikuze Christine n’ibikoresho byo mu nzu bihiramo. Ku wa 10/02/2020 Nikuze Christine yandikiye REG Ltd asaba kwishyurwa agaciro k’ibyangirikiye muri iyo nkongi y’umuriro kangana na 31.500.000 Frw, imusubiza ko yakwegera Radiant Insurance Company Ltd nk’umwishingizi wayo ikabimwishyura. Nikuze Christine yasabye Radiant Insurance Company Ltd kumwishyura ako gaciro, nayo ishyiraho umugenagaciro wayo agaragaza ko agaciro k’ibyangiritse kangana na 13.500.000 Frw, ariko nyuma yo gushyikirizwa raporo yabyo Radiant Insurance Company Ltd yanga kubyishyura. [2] Ibyo byatumye Nikuze Christine arega Radiant Insurance Company Ltd nk’umwishingizi wa REG Ltd mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, arusaba kuyitegeka kumwishyura indishyi

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zingana na 75.168.800 frw bavugaga ko zikomoka ku mpanuka y’inkongi yatejwe n’amashanyarazi yatwitse inzu ye maze ibicuruzwa bye byarimo bigahiramo. [3] Abana ba Nikuze Christine aribo Ndayisenga François, Mutamuriza Florence, Mukandayisenga Claudine, Murekatete Solange na Karera Françoise nabo bareze Radiant Insurance Company Ltd muri urwo Rukiko, basaba kwishyurwa indishyi zinyuranye zikomoka ku mpanuka y’inkongi y’umuriro yavuzwe haruguru, zirimo agaciro k’ibyangiritse ku nzu, agaciro k’ibikoresho byo mu nzu byahiriyemo ndetse n’amafaranga y’ubukode bw’inzu babamo. Izo manza zarahujwe ziburanishirizwa hamwe mu rubanza RC 01047/2020/TGI/NYGERC 01049/2020/TGI/NYGE. [4] Radiant Insurance Company Ltd yireguye ivuga ko yasuzumye raporo zatanzwe igasanga nta kigaragaza uruhare REG Ltd yaba yaragize mu mpanuka y’umuriro yabaye, ko rero nta bwishyu yatanga ku byangijwe n’iyo nkongi y’umuriro. [5] Mu rubanza RC 01047/2020/TGI/NYGE-RC 01049/2020/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge ku wa 09/06/2022, rwemeje ko ikirego cya Nikuze Christine na bagenzi be bavuzwe haruguru gifite ishingiro, rutegeka Radiant Insurance Company Ltd kubishyura indishyi zose hamwe zingana na 64.077.783 Frw zibaze mu buryo bukurikira: a) Kwishyura Nikuze Christine agaciro k’ibicuruzwa bye byahiye kangana 22.500.000 Frw, n’inyungu zayo zingana na 8.100.000 Frw; b) Kwishyura Murekatete Solange, Mukandayisenga Claudine, Niyongabo Shema Jean Tresor uhagarariwe na se Karera François, Mutamuriza Florence na Ndayisenga François, agaciro k’ibyangijwe n’inkongi y’umuriro ku nzu kangana na 14.337.783 Frw, c) Kwishyura abarega agaciro k’ibikoresho byo mu nzu byangijwe n’inkongi y’umuriro, kangana na 8.320.000 Frw; d) Kwishyura abarega 7.200.000 Frw y’ubukode bw’icumbi; e) Kwishyura abarega 1.000.000 Frw y’indishyi z’akababaro, 100.000 Frw y’ikuriranarubanza, 1.000.000 Frw y’igihembo cya avoka, na 1500.000 Frw y’igihembo cy’umuhanga (expert) no gusubiza Nikuze Christine 20.000 Frw yatanzeho ingwate y’amagarama. [6] Radiant Insurance Company Ltd yajuriye mu Rukiko Rukuru, inenga kuba mu rubanza RC 01047/2020/TGI/NYGE-RC01049/2020/TGI/NYGE Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwaremeje ko inkongi y’umuriro yatwitse inzu yaturutse ku burangare bwa REG Ltd nta bimenyetso rushingiyeho, rukirengagiza ibyo yarushyikirije nyuma y’ipfundikira ry’urubanza byemeza ko inzu yahiye ku burangare bwa Ndayisenga François wahinduye cashpower bidakozwe n’abakozi ba REG Ltd. Yanasabye ko REG Ltd ihatirwa kugoboka mu rubanza ku gahato kugira ngo isobanure ibijyanye na cashpower iri ku nzu yahiye no kumenya niba hari uruhare yaba ifite mu itwikwa ry' iyo nzu. [7] Abaregwa batanze inzitizi yo kutakira ubujurire bwa Radiant Insurance Company Ltd, bashingiye ku kuba itaratanze igarama ku gihe, yiregura ivuga ko igarama yaritanze, ko ahubwo uwo munsi serivise irebana no gutanga ingwate y’amagarama itakoraga.

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[8] Nyuma yo gusuzuma iyo nzitizi, Urukiko rwemeje ko nta shingiro ifite rushingiye kuri Raporo rwashyikirijwe na IT Department y’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku bijyanye na declaration na payment y’amagarama na kopi y’urubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru, yemeza ko kuva ku wa 7/7/2022 kugeza 10/7/2022 system yari ifite ikibazo cya declaration. [9] Nikuze Christine na bagenzi be mu bireguye bavuga ko ubujurire bwa Radiant Insurance Company Ltd nta shingiro bufite kuko amakosa yatewe na REG Ltd yishingiye. Naho REG Ltd yagobokeshejwe mu rubanza ivuga ko nta ndishyi ikwiriye kuryozwa kuko abakozi bayo baha inzu ya Ndayisenga umuriro urusinga rwayo rutigeze rurenga urukuta ngo barwinjize mu nzu ye. [10] Mu rubanza RCA 00375/2022/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 19/07/2024 rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Radiant Insurance Company Ltd bufite ishingiro kuko nta kimenyetso kigaragaza ko inzu ya Nikuze Christine yahiye biturutse ku makosa ya REG Ltd, bityo Radiant Insurance Company Ltd nk’umwishingizi wa REG Ltd ikaba ari ntacyo igomba kuryozwa mu byangiritse; rutegeka ko indishyi zose zategetswe ku rwego rwa mbere zikuweho, na 40.000 Frw Radiant Insurance Company Ltd yatanzeho ingwate y’igarama ijurira akaba ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza. [11] Nikuze Christine na bagenzi be bose bajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza rwandikwa kuri RCAA 00031/2025/CA, ruburanishwa mu ruhame ku wa 08/09/2025 bahagarariwe na Me Nizeyimana Léopold na Me Rubayiza Fikirini Michel, Radiant Insurance Company Ltd ihagarariwe na Me Nyirangirimana Astérie na Me Amahoro Claudine, naho REG Ltd ihagarariwe na Me Uwamahoro Marie Grâce. [12] Mbere yo kwiregura ku mpamvu z’ubujurire Radiant Insurance Company Ltd na REG Ltd batanze inzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’uru Rukiko, ishingiye ku kuba mu rubanza rwajuririwe nta ndishyi zigeze kuri 75,000,000 Frw zagenwemo. [13] Abahagarariye abajuriye bireguye kuri iyi nzitizi bavuga ko nta shingiro ifite kuko ikiburanwa gifite agaciro karenze 75.000.000 Frw harebwe indishyi zingana na 64.077.783 Frw zemejwe mu rubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge ku rwego rwa mbere, hakaniyongeraho 4.000.000 Frw y’igihembo cy’abavoka, n’andi mafaranga yagaragajwe n’igenagaciro ryakozwe nyuma y’uko bajuriye. Bavuga kandi ko urubanza rwajuririwe rwaciwe hashingiwe ku itegeko ritariho bityo uru Rukiko rukaba rufite bubasha bwo kuburanisha ubujurire bwabo. [14] Urukiko rwabanje gusuzuma ibijyanye n’ububasha bwarwo bwo kuburanisha uru rubanza, mu gihe rwasanga nta bubasha rufite rukanasuzuma ibijyanye n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka yasabwe. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA 1) Kumenya niba ubujurire bwatanzwe na Nikuze Christine, Ndayisenga François, Mutamuriza Florence, Mukandayisenga Claudine, Murekatete Solange na Karera François buri mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. Ku bijyanye n’agaciro k’ikiburanwa

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[15] Abahagarariye Radiant Insurance Company Ltd na REG Ltd bashingiye ku ngingo ya 52, igika cya 2, agace ka 8º, y’Itegeko Nº 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko1, basaba uru Rukiko kutakira ubujurire bwa kabiri bwatanzwe na Nikuze Christine, na bagenzi be bavuzwe haruguru, kuko butari mu bubasha bwarwo. Basobanura ko indishyi zagenwe mu rubanza rwaciwe ku rwego rwa mbere zitageze kuri 75.000.000 Frw kuko zingana na 64.077.783 Frw, kandi abajuriye bakaba batarigeze bajuririra icyo cyemezo basaba ko zongerwa, ahubwo Radiant Insurance Company Ltd ikaba ariyo yajuriye, Urukiko Rukuru rukemeza ko nta ndishyi abareze bagomba guhabwa. [16] Bakomeza basobanura ko mu gusuzuma ububasha bw’uru Rukiko hagomba kurebwa ingano y’indishyi zategetswe mu rubanza rwajuririwe, aho kureba izategetswe mu rubanza rwaciwe ku rwego rwa mbere nk’uko abajuriye babivuga, hashingiwe ku murongo watanzwe n’uru Rukiko mu manza zinyuranye rwaciye, harimo nk’urubanza RCAA 00015/2024/CA rwaciwe ku wa 27/09/2024, haburana Nyirandabaruta Spéciose Kibonge na CHINA ROAD AND BRIDGE CORPORATION (CRBC) Ltd mu gika cyarwo cya 23; ku bw’izo mpamvu zose Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rukaba rutagomba kwakira ubujurire bwabo kuko butari mu bubasha bwarwo. [17] Abahagarariye abajuriye bavuga ko ubujurire bwabo buri mu bubasha bw’uru Rukiko kuko agaciro k’ikiburanwa karenze 75.000.000 Frw, harebwe indishyi zingana na 64.077.783 Frw zemejwe ku rwego rwa mbere, hakiyongeraho 4.000.000 Frw y’ibihembo by’abavoka babiri, 3.717.000 Frw yo kubaka inkuta z’inzu nk’uko agaragazwa n’igenagaciro ryakozwe nyuma y’uko bajuriye kuko mbere bitari byabazwe, 9.400.000 Frw y’icumbi bakodesha buri kwezi, na 54.423.103 Frw yo gusana inzu hashingiwe ku biro biriho ubu. Bavuga ko mu gusuzuma niba Urukiko rufite ububasha hatashigirwa ku kuba nta ndishyi zagenwe mu rubanza rwajuririwe, ahubwo ko hagomba gushingirwa ku gaciro k’ikiburanwa ngo kuko karimo impaka hagati y’ababuranyi, uru Rukiko rukaba rugomba kukemeza. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [18] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya igishingirwaho mu gusuzuma niba uru Rukiko rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha uru rubanza, hagati y’indishyi zagenwe mu rubanza rwajuririwe n’izagenwe ku rwego rwa mbere hiyongereyeho agaciro k’ibyagaragajwe mu igenagaciro ryakozwe kuri uru rwego. [19] Ingingo ya 52, igika cya 2, agace ka 8°, y’Itegeko N° 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko igira iti : Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rufite kandi ububasha bwo kuburanisha mu rwego rw’ubujurire bwa kabiri imanza zaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi n’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare, iyo izo manza zagenwemo n’urukiko indishyi zingana nibura na miliyoni mirongo irindwi n’eshanu z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda (75.000.000 Frw) cyangwa zifite

1 Iyo ngingo iteganya ibikurikira: ʺUrukiko rw’Ubujurire rufite kandi ububasha bwo kuburanisha mu rwego rw’ubujurire bwa kabiri imanza zaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi n’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare, iyo izo manza: (…) 8° zagenwemo n’urukiko indishyi zingana nibura na miliyoni mirongo irindwi n’eshanu z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda (75.000.000 Frw) cyangwa zifite agaciro kagenwe n’umucamanza mu gihe habaye impaka kangana na miliyoni mirongo irindwi n’eshanu z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda (75.000.000 Frw) ʺ

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agaciro kagenwe n’umucamanza mu gihe habaye impaka kangana na miliyoni mirongo irindwi n’eshanu z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda (75.000.000 Frw). [20] Ikibazo cyerekeye ububasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire bwo kuburanisha ubujurire bwa kabiri hagendewe ku gaciro k’ikiburanwa cyatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza RSOCAA 00004/2018/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 09/11/2018, haburana GEORGE NIHAL BOPEARATCHY na KARONGI TEA FACTORY Ltd (igika cya 39), aho urukiko rwasobanuye ko “Indishyi zatanzwe mu rubanza rwajuririwe ari zo zirebwa mu kumenya niba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ubujurire bwa kabiri.” [21] Uwo murongo kandi niwo wakomeje gukurikizwa no mu zindi manza zaciwe n’uru Rukiko harimo urubanza RCAA 00015/2024/CA rwaciwe ku wa 27/9/2024, haburana Nyirandabaruta Spéciose Kibonge na CHINA ROAD AND BRIDGE CORPORATION (CRBC) Ltd (igika cya 20) n’urubanza RCOMAA 00024/2023/CA rwaciwe ku wa 29/11/2024, haburana WHITEFIELD INVESTMENT COMPANY Ltd na THOMAS ET PIRON GRANDS LACS Ltd n’abandi (igika cya 20). [22] Ku birebana n’uru rubanza, dosiye igaragaza ko Nikuze Christine na bagenzi be batanze ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge basaba ko Radiant Insurance Company Ltd ibishyura indishyi zingana na 75.168.800 Frw ahwanye n’agaciro k’ibyangiritse ku nzu. Mu rubanza RC 01047/2020/TGI/NYGE-RC 01049/2020/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge ku wa 09/06/2022, rwategetse ko bishyurwa indishyi zingana na 64.077.783 Frw z’agaciro k’ibyangiritse n’ibyagiye ku rubanza. Nikuze Christine na bagenzi be ntibajurira, hajurira Radiant Insurance Company Ltd maze mu rubanza RCA 00375/2022/HC/KIG ari narwo rwajuririwe Urukiko Rukuru rwemeza ko ubujurire bwayo bufite ishingiro, ko nta ndishyi ikwiriye kuryozwa. [23] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ibivugwa na Nikuze Christine na bagenzi be ko hashingirwa ku ndishyi zatanzwe ku rwego rwa mbere hiyongereyeho agaciro k’ibitari byarabazwe mbere byagaragajwe n’igenagaciro bakoresheje bamaze kujurira kuri uru rwego nta shingiro bifite, kuko nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru mu gika cya 21, indishyi zatanzwe mu rubanza rwajuririwe ari zo zirebwa, kandi hakaba nta ndishyi zigeze kuri 75.000.000 Frw zagenwe mu rubanza RCA 00375/2022/HC/KIG rwajuririwe, bityo rero ubujurire bwa Nikuze Christine na bagenzi be bukaba butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. Ku bijyanye no kumenya niba urubanza rwajuririwe rwaraciwe hashingiwe ku Itegeko ritariho [24] Abahagarariye abajuriye bavuga ko ubujurire bwabo buri mu bubasha bw’uru Rukiko kuko urubanza RCA 00375/2022/HC/KIG rwaciwe hashingiwe ku itegeko ritariho kuko Urukiko Rukuru rwakuye mu rubanza umucamanza waruburanishaga nta tegeko rushingiyeho, kandi hari ibyemezo bitandukanye yari yararufashemo; ko rero ibyo bifatwa ko nko kuba rwaraciwe hashingiwe ku itegeko ritariho hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 52 igika cya 2, agace ka 3º y’Itegeko N° 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko. [25] Abahagarariye Radiant Insurance Company Ltd na REG Ltd bavuga ko abajuriye batagaragaza itegeko ryaba ritakiriho Urukiko Rukuru rwashingiyeho mu gufata icyemezo mu rubanza rwajuririwe. Bavuga kandi ko nyuma y’uko inteko ihinduwe umucamanza yabanje kubaza

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ababuranyi niba iburanisha ryakomereza aho ryari rigeze, maze impande zombi zirabyemera; ko rero nta mategeko yiregangagijwe ahubwo yubahirijwe. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [26] Ikibazo cyo kumenya igihe bifatwa ko urubanza rwaciwe hashingiwe ku itegeko ritariho cyatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza RPAA 0096/15/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 18/05/2018, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Mukarusanga Olive, aho rwasobanuye ko amagambo «itegeko ritariho» agomba kumvikana mu buryo bw’itegeko ritagikoreshwa (loi abrogée, repealed law), cyangwa itegeko ritaratangira gukoreshwa (loi non encore en vigueur a law not yet in force), cyangwa se itegeko ritigeze ribaho (qui n’a jamais existé, a law that never existed); ko rero ibi bivuze ko ishingiro ry’ububasha ryareberwa mu ikoreshwa mu rubanza rujuririrwa ry’Itegeko ryaba ryaravanyweho, ritaratangira gukoreshwa cyangwa se ritarabaho. [27] Urukiko rushingiye kuri uwo murongo, rurasanga abajuriye batagaragaza itegeko bavuga ko ryashingiweho kandi ritariho, ni ukuvuga ritagikoreshwa, ritaratangira gukoreshwa cyangwa se ritigeze ribaho; ibyo bavuga ko Urukiko rwakuye mu rubanza Umucamanza waruburanishaga rugashyiramo undi nta tegeko rushingiyeho, uretse no kuba nta bimenyetso babitangira, bikaba bidahuye n’igisobanuro cyagaragajwe haruguru cy’itegeko ritariho; bityo rero imiburanire yabo ikaba nta shingiro ifiite. 2) Ibyerekeye amafaranga y’ibyagiye ku rubanza asabwa n’ababuranyi [28] Abahagarariye Nikuze Christine na bagenzi be basaba Urukiko gutegeka Radiant Insurance Company Ltd na REG Ltd kubishyura 5.000.000 Frw y’igihembo cy’abavoka bababuranira. [29] Abahagarariye Radiant Insurance Company Ltd na REG Ltd bo bavuga ko ayo mafaranga asabwa nta shingiro afite kuko, ahubwo ko aribo bakwiriye kwishyura Radiant Insurance Company Ltd 5.000.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka no kuyisubiza 2.000.000 Frw yishyuye abahanga; na REG Ltd ikishyurwa 2.000.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka ku nzego zose. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [30] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ibikurikira: “Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe”. [31] Urukiko rurasanga amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka asabwa n’abajuriye nta shingiro afite kuko ubujurire bwabo butakiriwe; ahubwo bakaba bagomba kwishyura Radiant Insurance company Ltd na REG Ltd ibyo batakaje bakurikirana urubanza, ariko ayo basaba akaba ari menshi harebwe ko urubanza rugarukiye ku nzitizi y’iburabubasha; bityo mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko rukaba rubageneye buri wese 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka, 300.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza kuri uru rwego, agomba kwishyurwa n’abajuriye bafatanyije.

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III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [32] Rwemeje ko inzitizi y’iburabubasha yatanzwe na Radiant Insurance company Ltd na REG Ltd ifite ishingiro. [33] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa kabiri bwatanzwe na Nikuze Christine, Ndayisenga François, Mutamuriza Florence, Mukandayisenga Claudine, Murekatete Solange na Karera François butakiriwe, kuko butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. [34] Rutegetse Nikuze Christine, Ndayisenga François, Mutamuriza Florence, Mukandayisenga Claudine, Murekatete Solange na Karera François gufatanya kwishyura Radiant Insurance company Ltd na REG Ltd buri wese, amafaranga angana n’ibihumbi magana atanu (500.000 Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ibihumbi magana atatu (300.000 Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza kuri uru rwego. [35] Rutegetse ko amagarama yatanzwe ahwanye n’ibyakozwe muri uru rubanza.