NIRAGIRE v. UBUSHINJACYAHA

# NIRAGIRE v. UBUSHINJACYAHA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-12-30 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00118/2025/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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NIRAGIRE v. UBUSHINJACYAHA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00118/2025/CA (Mukandamage, P.J.,) 30 Ukuboza 2025] Amategeko agenga ibyaha n’ibihano – Icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana cyakurikiwe no kubana nawe nk’umugabo cyangwa umugore – Ibihano – Icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana cyakurikiwe no kubana nawe nk’umugabo cyangwa umugore, gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu, ariko haba habonetse impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemejwe n’umucamanza, igihano kikaba cyagabanywa ku buryo kitajya munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ubushinjacyaha bwareze uwitwa Niragire Jean Paul mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana witwa U. L. w’imyaka 16, busaba ko ahamwa n’icyo cyaha maze agahanishwa igifungo cya burundu. Uregwa yaburanye yemera icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, avuga ko umukobwa yari yaramubwiye ko afite imyaka 21 y’amavuko, bityo ko abisabira imbabazi asaba no kugabanyirizwa igihano. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga rwasanze hari ibimenyetso bihamya ko Niragire yakoze icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana bakabana nk’umugabo n’umugore, maze rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 25. Niragire yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza avuga ko yahawe igihano kiremereye kandi yaraburanye yemera icyaha, asaba ko cyagabanywa. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha yasabye ko uregwa yagabanyirizwa igihano. Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza rwasanze ubujurire bwatanzwe na Niragire bufite ishingiro, maze rumugabanyiriza igihano kubera ko ari ubwa mbere akurikiranwe mu butabera ku buryo buzwi, bityo rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 15. Niragire yajuririye nanone Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, avuga ko atagabanyirijwe igihano ku buryo buhagije, kandi ko yahanishijwe igihano kiremereye cyane kandi atarigeze agambirira kugirira nabi umwana yasambanyije bakabana nk’umugabo n’umugore, avuga ko yakundanye n’uwo mukobwa azi ko ari mukuru akurikije ibyo yamubwiraga n’igihagararo cye, bityo ko kubera izo mpamvu zose atari akwiriye guhabwa igihano kiremereye, asaba ko cyagabanywa agahabwa igito gishoboka, kandi icyo ahawe kigasubikwa. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko Niragire atakongera kugabanyirizwa igihano kuko atagaragaza ko urukiko rwabanje rwaba rwarakoresheje nabi itegeko cyangwa ubushishozi bwarwo mu gutanga icyo gihano, ariko ko kongera kumugabanyiriza igihano bishoboka gusa igihe igihano yahawe kitajyanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha ndetse n’ingaruka zacyo. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga kandi ko ikibazo cyo kumenya igihano gito gishobora guhabwa uwasambanyije umwana bigakurikirwa no kumugira umugabo cyangwa umugore mu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, cyatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire uvuga ko

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icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, cyakurikiwe no kubana nawe nk’umugabo cyangwa umugore gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu, ariko haba habonetse impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemejwe n’umucamanza, igihano kikaba cyagabanywa ku buryo kitajya munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15, bityo ko igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 uregwa yahanishijwe kitongera kugabanywa. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1.Icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana cyakurikiwe no kubana nawe nk’umugabo cyangwa umugore, gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu, ariko haba habonetse impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemejwe n’umucamanza, igihano kikaba cyagabanywa ku buryo kitajya munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15. 2. Igihano uregwa yahawe ntigisubikwa iyo icyo yahamijwe kirengeje imyaka 5 y’igifungo iteganywa n’amategeko. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite.

Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ingingo ya 3. Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RPAA 00054/2024/CA rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Bikorimana, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 19/12/2024; Urubanza RPAA 00325/2024/CA, rw’ Ubushinjacyaha na Sibomana Rafiki, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 16/05/2025. Urubanza I.IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA

[1] Niragire Jean Paul yakundanye n’umwana witwa U. L.1 w’imyaka 16 y’amavuko bigeze mu kwezi kwa 03/2019 aramusambanya babana nk’umugabo n’umugore nyuma y’amezi 2 baratandukana, aho umwana amenyeye ko atwite arongera aragaruka barabana, aza kugenda ku wa 03/01/2020 agiye kubyara. [2] Nyuma y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Niragire Jean Paul mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, busaba ko ahamwa n’icyo cyaha agahanishwa igifungo cya burundu.

1 Amazina arahinwe kubera kamere y’icyaha n’imyaka y’uwahohotewe,

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[3] Niragire Jean Paul yaburanye yemera icyaha cyo gusambanyaumwana akabana nawe nk’umugabo n’umugore, avuga ko umukobwa yari yaramubwiye ko afite imyaka 21 y’amavuko, asaba imbabazi no kugabanyirizwa igihano. [4] Mu rubanza RP 00338/2021/TGI/MHG rwaciwe ku wa 31/03/2021, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga rwasanze hari ibimenyetso bihamya ko Niragire Jean Paul yakoze icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana bakabana nk’umugabo n’umugore, harimo imvugo ze yemera icyaha n’ubuhamya bwa Mukamana Ruth, maze rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 25. [5] Niragire Jean Paul yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza avuga ko yahawe igihano kiremereye kandi yaraburanye yemera icyaha, asaba ko cyagabanywa. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha yavuze ko Niragire Jean Paul akwiye kugabanyirizwa igihano. [6] Mu rubanza RPAA 00546/2021/HC/NYZ rwaciwe ku wa 09/01/2025, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza rwasanze ubujurire bwatanzwe na Niragire Jean Paul bufite ishingiro, rumugabanyiriza igihano kubera ko ari ubwa mbere akurikiranwe mu butabera ku buryo buzwi, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 15. [7] Niragire Jean Paul yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza ruhabwa RPAA 00118/2025/CA. Iburanisha mu ruhame ryabaye ku wa 03/12/2025, Niragire Jean Paul yunganiwe na Me Munyansanga Amina Gisèle, naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Sibomana Stanislas, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [8] Mu myanzuro no mu miburanire, Niragire Jean Paul avuga ko atagabanyirijwe igihano ku buryo buhagije agasaba ko cyagabanywa agahabwa igito gishoboka, kandi icyo ahawe kigasubikwa. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko igihano Niragire Jean Paul yahawe kitagabanywa, kuko aricyo gihwanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha yakoze. [9] Muri uru rubanza harasuzumwa ikibazo cyo kumenya niba igihano Niragire Jean Paul yahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru, urugereko rwa Nyanza cyagabanywa, kandi icyo ahawe kigasubikwa. II. ISESENGURWA RY’IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA Kumenya niba igihano Niragire Jean Paul yahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru, urugereko rwa Nyanza cyagabanywa, kandi icyo ahawe kigasubikwa. [10] Niragire Jean Paul na Me Munyansanga Amina Gisèle umwunganira bavuga ko yahanishijwe igihano kiremereye cyane kandi atarigeze agambirira kugirira nabi umwana yasambanyije bakabana nk’umugabo n’umugore. Bavuga ko yakundanye n’uwo mukobwa azi ko ari mukuru akurikije ibyo yamubwiraga n’igihagararo cye, ko rero atari akwiriye guhabwa igihano kiremereye. [11] Niragire Jean Paul na Me Munyansanga Amina Gisèle umwunganira bavuga kandi ko mu kumuhana hazarebwa ko ari ubwa mbere akurikiranwe mu butabera, kandi ko icyaha yakoze nta ngaruka mbi cyateye, maze agahabwa igihano gito gishoboka, hashingiwe na none ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 49, iya 58 n’iya 59, z’Itegeko Nº68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange n’ingingo ya 2 y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura

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ingingo ya 60 y’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, kandi igihano ahawe kigasubikwa. [12] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ibyo Niragire Jean Paul asabako yagabanyirizwa igihano yamaze kubihabwa, kuko cyagabanyijwe ku buryo buhagije kandi ahabwa igikwiranye n’icyaha yakoze hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 2, agace ka (a), y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. [13] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga na none ko Niragire Jean Paul atagaragaza ko urukiko rwabanje rwaba rwarakoresheje nabi itegeko cyangwa ubushishozi bwarwo mu gutanga icyo gihano, kuko kongera kumugabanyiriza igihano bishoboka gusa igihe igihano yahawe kitajyanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha ndetse n’ingaruka zacyo, hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 49 y’Itegeko N˚ 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, nk’uko ryahinduwe. [14] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga kandi ko ikibazo cyo kumenya igihano gito gishobora guhabwa uwasambanyije umwana bigakurikirwa no kumugira umugabo cyangwa umugore, mu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, cyatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu manza zitandukanye harimo n’urubanza RPAA 00835/2024/CA, rwaciwe ku wa 17/04/2025, uvuga ko icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, cyakurikiwe no kubana nawe nk’umugabo cyangwa umugore gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu, ariko haba habonetse impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemejwe n’umucamanza, igihano kikaba cyagabanywaku buryo kitajya munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15, ko rero Niragire Jean Paul wahanishijwe igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 nyuma yo kugabanyirizwa atagomba kongera kugabanyirizwa, kuko ntaho urukiko rwahera rubikora. Asoza asaba ko ubujurire bwa Niragire Jean Paul butahabwa ishingiro. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [15] Impaka muri uru rubanza zishingiye ku kumenya niba igihano cy’igifungocy’imyaka 15 Niragire Jean Paul yahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza ku cyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’imyaka 16 y’amavuko, bakabana nk’umugabo n’umugore, cyagabanywa kikanasubikwa. [16] Mu rubanza RPAA 00054/2024/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 19/12/2024, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Bikorimana Jean Paul hasobanuwe ko icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, cyakurikiwe no kubana nawe nk’umugabo cyangwa umugore, gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu, ariko haba habonetse impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemejwe n’umucamanza, igihano kikaba cyagabanywa ku buryo kitajya munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15. Uyu murongo wagiye ukurukizwa mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’uru rukiko, harimo n’urubanza RPAA 00325/2024/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 16/05/2025, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Sibomana Rafiki. [17] Nk’uko bigaragara mu rubanza RPA 00546/2021/HC/NYZ rujuririrwa, Niragire Jean Paul yajuriye asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 25 yahawe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza, rushingiye ku kuba yemera icyaha, rwamugabanyirije igihano rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 15.

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[18] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga igihano cy’imyaka 15 y’igifungo Niragire Jean Paul yahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza kitakongera kugabanywa, kuko aricyo gito giteganywa n’amategeko ku cyaha yahamijwe cyo gusambanya umwana w’imyaka 16 y’amavuko akabana nawe nk’umugabo n’umugore mu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zahawe ishingiro. [19] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga kandi Niragire Jean Paul atasubikirwa igihano, kubera ko, icyo ahawe kirengeje imyaka 5 y’igifungo iteganywa n’amategeko kugira ngo abe yasubikirwa igihano2. [20] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga rero urubanza RPA 00546/2021/HC/NYZ rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza2, ku wa 09/01/2025 Niragire Jean Paul yajuririye rugomba kugumana agaciro karwo mu ngingo zarwo zose. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [21] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Niragire Jean Paul nta shingirobufite; [22] Rwemeje ko urubanza RPA 00546/2021/HC/NYZ rwaciwe n’UrukikoRukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza ku wa 09/01/2025 rudahindutse; [23] Rutegetse ko igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 Niragire Jean Paulyahawe ku cyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’imyaka 16 y’amavuko, akabana nawe nk’umugabo n’umugore kigumyeho.

2 Ingingo ya 3 y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange iteganya ibikurikira: “Iyo uwakatiwe nta kindi gihano cy’igifungo kirenga amezi 6 yahanishijwe mbere, urukiko, rukoresheje icyemezo gisobanura impamvu, rushobora gutegeka gusubika irangiza ry’igihano cyose cyangwa igice cy’igihano cy’iremezo cyangwa cy’ingereka, iyo igihano cy’iremezo cy’igifungo umuntu yakatiwe kitarenze imyaka 5 (…).”