NIYONSABA N’UNDI v NDAGIJIMANA N’UNDI

# NIYONSABA N’UNDI v NDAGIJIMANA N’UNDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2021-12-31 - Case/document no.: RS/INJUST/RC 00006/2021/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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NIYONSABA N’UNDI v NDAGIJIMANA N’UNDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RS/INJUST/RC 00006/2021/CA– (Kaliwabo, P.J.) 31 Ukuboza 2021] Amategeko agenga amasezerano –Amasezerano- y'ubugure ku mutungo – Amasezerano y'ubugure yakozwe n'umwe mu bazungura wanditswe ku mutungo ugurishwa, wahawe uburenganzira bwo kuzungura umutungo wose, ntashobora guteshwa agaciro hashingiwe ko hari abandi babonye uburenganzira bwo kuzungura nyuma y'igurisha. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Kagarama Nyirakamana asaba gutesha agaciro amasezerano y’ubugure yabaye hagati ya Ndagijimana na Dukuzumuremyi wagurishije inzu y’umuryango wa Ngerero abazungura be batabizi. Niyonsaba yagobotse muri urwo rubanza asaba ko umwana we yabyaranye na Ngerero yagira uburenganzira ku mutungo uburanwa. Urukiko rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko ikirego cya Nyirakamana no kugoboka kwa Niyonsaba nta shingiro bifite. Aba bombi bajuririye Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge bavuga ko Urukiko rwabanje rwashingiye ku rubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Iremezo rwahaye Ndagijimana uburenganzira bwo kuzungura ababyeyi be mu ghe hari izindi manza zavugwagamo uwo mwana Se yari yarabyaranye na Niyonsaba wagombaga kuzungura amaze gukura. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwemeje ko ubujurire bwabo bufite ishingiro, rwemeza ko urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ibanze ruhindutse mu ngingo zarwo zose ndetse ko amasezerano y’ubugure ateshejwe agaciro, umutungo ukaba ugomba kugaruka mu mutungo uzungurwa maze rutegeka Ndagijimana gusubiza uwari wawuguze amafaranga y’ikiguzi cy’inzu yakiriye. Nyuma yo gusubirishamo uru rubanza ingingo nshya ariko ikirego cye nticyakirwe, Niyonsaba, uhagarariye umwana we Uwitije, na Nyirakamana basubirishijemo urubanza ku mpamvu z’akarengane bavuga ko gashingiye ku kuba Urukiko Rukuru rwarirengagije ikimenyetso cy’urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko rwa mbere rw’Iremezo rwa Gisenyi aho rwemeje ko Ndagijimana ahawe uburenganzira bwo kuzungura umutungo wose wa Se ariko rukanemeza ko uyu aha Uwitije wabyawe na Se Ngerero indezo kandi uyu akazazungura amaze gukura. Mu iburanisha mu mizi, habanje gususzumwa ikibazo cyo kumenya niba amasezerano y’ubugure yateshwa agaciro kubera ko bamwe mu bazungura ba Ngerero batayigizemo uruhare. Aha Niyonsaba avuga ko ayo masezerano agomba guteshwa agaciro kuko uwaguze uwo mutungo yawuguranye uburyarya, ko iyo ashishoza, yari kubona ko hari abandi bazungura batari Ndagijimana wenyine kandi nabo bafite uburenganzira ku mutungo ugurishwa bityo, akaba ariyo mpamvu asaba ko bwateshwa agaciro, uyu mutungo ugasubira mu maboko y’abazungura ba Ngerero kugira ngo bawugabane nk’uko bagabanye indi mitungo. Nyirakamana avuga ko avukana na Ndagijimana kuri se na nyina ariko uyu akaba yaramuhishe akajya gusaba izungura ry’umutungo w’ababyeyi be wenyine, ariyo mpamvu yatambamiye imanza zahaye musaza we uburenganzira wenyine. Akomeza avuga ko imiburanire ayihuje n’iya Niyonsaba kuko Dukuzumuremyi yemeye kugura umutungo abona neza ko urubanza rwatanze uburenganzira bwo kuzungura rwavuze ko hari abandi bana ba Ngerero bityo, ko yakwirengera ingaruka z’ubwo bugure, umutungo ukagaruka mu maboko y’umuryango. Ndagijimana Eugène avuga ko yagurishije umutungo w’umuryango kubera ubukene yari afite ariko ko yabisobanuriye Dukuzumuremyi akamubwira ko azirengera ingaruka, ko yiteguye kumugarurira ikiguzi yatanze. Dukuzumuremyi avuga ko nta karengane kaboneka mu rubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru kuko yaguze umutungo wari wanditswe kuri Ndagijimana wenyine, ko nta kimenyetso na kimwe yabonaga cyerekana ko uwo mutungo awusangiye n’undi muntu. Yawuguze adashingiye ku

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rubanza rwamuhaye uburenganzira bwo kuzungura kuko atari azi ko ruhari kandi atigeze arubamo nk’umuburanyi. Incamake y’icyemezo: Amasezerano y'ubugure yakozwe n'umwe mu bazungura wanditswe ku mutungo ugurishwa, wahawe uburenganzira bwo kuzungura umutungo wose, ntashobora guteshwa agaciro hashingiwe ko hari abandi babonye uburenganzira bwo kuzungura nyuma y'igurisha. Ikirego gisubirishamo urubanza ku mpamvu z’akarengane nta shingiro gifite. Amagarama aherera ku isanduku ya Leta. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 30/2018 ryo kuwa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, ingingo ya 55. Itegeko N° 29/2018 ryo kuwa 22/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 111 n’ya 154. Itegeko Nº22/99 ryo kuwa 12/11/1999 ryuzuza igitabo cya mbere cy'urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano kandi rishyiraho igice cya gatatu cyerekeye imicungire y'umutungo w'abashakanye, impano n'izungura, ingingo ya 49. Itegeko N°45/2011 ryo kuwa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano, ingingo ya 64. Nta manza zifashishijwe. Urubanza I.IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Nyirakamana Eugénie yareze Dukuzumuremyi Eugène mu Rukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Kagarama kuri RC0313/011/TB/KMA, arusaba gutesha agaciro amasezerano y’ubugure yabaye hagati ya Ndagijimana Eugène na Dukuzumuremyi Eugène, hagurishwa inzu y’umuryango wa Ngerero Théophile abazungura be batabizi. Niyonsaba Joselyne yagobotse muri urwo rubanza asaba ko umwana we Uwitije Diane yabyaranye na Ngerero Théophile yagira uburenganzira ku mutungo uburanwa. Urukiko rwaciye urubanza, rwemeza ko ikirego cyatanzwe na Nyirakamana Eugénie ndetse no kugoboka ku bushake kwa Niyonsaba Joselyne nta shingiro bifite. [2] Nyirakamana Eugénie na Niyonsaba Joselyne bajuririye Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge kuri RCA 0265/13/TGI/NYGE, bavuga ko Urukiko rw'lbanze rwa Kagarama rwashingiye ku rubanza RC 8099/R 18/2003 - RC8497/R19/2003 rwaciwe n'Urukiko rwa Mbere rw'lremezo rwa Gisenyi rwahaga Ndagijimana Eugène uburenganzira bwo kuzungura ababyeyi be, kandi yarazikoreshejemo inyandiko mpimbano, nk’uko byagaragajwe n'urubanza RP0058/13/TGI/RBV. Bavuze kandi ko Dukuzumuremyi Eugène yaguze na Ndagijimana Eugène gusa kandi yarabonaga ko mu rubanza RC 8099/R18/2003 - RC8497/R19/2003 rwemereraga Ndagijimana Eugène kuzungura umutungo wose wa se Ngerero Theophile, hagaragaramo ko Ngerero Theophile yari afite undi mwana, aho n’urukiko rwategetse ko Ndagijimana Eugène azajya atanga amafaranga (10.0000Frw) buri kwezi yo kurera Uwitije Diane, uyu akazagabana mu bya se Ngerero amaze gukura, ko rero ibyo byagombaga gutuma atagura na Ndagijimana wenyine. [3] Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwaciwe urubanza, rwemeza ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Nyirakamana Eugénie na Niyońsaba Joselyne bufite ishingiro, rwemeza ko imikirize y’urubanza RC0313/011/TB/KMA ihindutse mu ngingo zarwo zose, rutegeka ko amasezerano y'übugure bw'inzu yo kuwa 25/05/2005 Ndagijimana Eugène yagiranye na

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Dukuzumuremyi Eugène ateshejwe agaciro, inzu igasubizwa mu maboko y'abazungura ba Ngerero Theophile. Rwategetse Ndagijimana Eugène gusubiza Dukuzumuremyi Eugène miliyoni imwe n'ibihumbi magana atanu (1.500.000Frw) y’ikiguzi cy’inzu yakiriye. Urukiko rwageze kuri uwo mwanzuro rushingiye ku kuba Dukuzumuremyi Eugène waguze inzu y’umuryango wa Ngerero Théophile yarirengagije ko mu rubanza RC 8099/R18/2003 - RC8497/R19/2003 havugwamo undi mwana wagombaga kuzungura amaze gukura, bityo ko atagombaga kugura na Ndagijimana wenyine. [4] Dukuzumuremyi Eugène yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru kuri RCAA 0242/13/HC/KIG, Urukiko ruca urubanza kuwa 30/01/2015 ruvuga ko ubugure bwabaye hagati ya Dukuzumuremyi Eugène na Ndagijimana Eugène bwakurikije amategeko kuko bwashingiye ku rubanza RC 8099/R18/2003 - RC 8497/R19/2003 rwahaga uyu uburenganzira bwo kuzungura umutungo wose wa Ngerero Théophile, kuba yarahawe inshingano yo gutanga indezo kuri Uwitije Diane bikaba bitaramubuzaga kwikenuza umutungo yazunguye ndetse n’indezo yaciwe ikaba yaragombaga kuva mu mutungo azunguye. [5] Urukiko Rukuru rwashingiye ku ngingo ya 49 y'Itegeko Nº22/99 ryo kuwa 12/11/1999 ryuzuza igitabo cya mbere cy'urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano kandi rishyiraho igice cya gatatu cyerekeye imicungire y'umutungo w'abashakanye, impano n'izungura, iteganya ko kuzungura ari uguhabwa ububasha n’inshingano ku mutungo n’imyenda bya nyakwigendera. Rwasanze, kuba urubanza RC8099/R18/2003 - RC8497/R19/2003 rwarahaye Ndagijimana Eugène uburenganzira bwo kuzungura umutungo wose wa se Ngerero Théophile na nyina Uzamukunda bivuze ko yahawe ububasha bwose kuri uwo mutungo harimo no kuwikenuza. [6] Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze kandi Nyirakamana Eugénie wemejwe n’Urukiko ko ari mwene Ngerero Théophile, ibi bikaba byarakozwe nyuma y’uko Ndagijimana Eugène ahawe uburenganzira bwo kuzungura ndetse yaramaze no kugurisha umutungo uburanwa, adashobora gutesha agaciro ubugure bwabaye atarahabwa uburenganzira bwo kuzungura Ngerero Théophile, ko uburenganzira yahawe abugira ku mutungo wariho ku munsi ahabwa ubu burenganzira. [7] Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze kuba mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge Nyirakamana Eugénie na Niyonsaba Joselyne baravugaga ko Ndagijimana Eugène yakoresheje inyandiko mpimbano kugira ngo yemererwe kuzungura nk’uko bigaragazwa n'urubanza RP0058/13/TGI/RBV, iyo mpamvu nta shingiro ifite kuko Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze mu rubanza RPA0197/13/HC/MUS rwamugize umwere ku cyaha cy’inyandikompimbano, rukuraho urubanza RP0058/13/ TGI/RBV bashingiragaho. [8] Niyonsaba Joselyne yasubirishijemo ingingo nshya urubanza RCAA 0242/13/HC/KIG, urubanza ruhabwa RCAA 0026/15/HC/KIG, Urukiko Rukuru ruca uru rubanza kuwa 09/10/2015, rwemeza kutakira ikirego. [9] Kuwa 14/01/2016 Niyonsaba Joselyne uhagarariye umwana we Uwitije Dianne na Nyirakamana Eugénie bandikiye Urwego rw’Umuvunyi basaba gusubirishamo urubanza RCAA 0242/13/HC/KIG ku mpamvu z’akarengane. Nyuma y’isesengura rya raporo yakozwe n’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi, Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, mu cyemezo cye nimero109/CJ/2021, yemeje ko urubanza RCAA 0242/13/HC/KIG rusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane kandi rukabunishwa n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, uru narwo rurwakira kuri RS/INJUST/RC/00006/2021/CA. [10] Abarega bavuga ko akarengane kabo gashingiye ku kuba Urukiko Rukuru rwarirengagije ikimenyetso cy’urubanza RC8099/R18/2003 - RC8497/R19/2003 rwaciwe n’Urukiko rwa mbere rw’Iremezo rwa Gisenyi aho Urukiko rwemeje ko Ndagijimana Eugène ahawe uburenganzira bwo kuzungura umutungo wose wa Ngerero Théophile ariko rukanemeza ko uyu aha Uwitije Diane wabyawe na Ngerero indezo kandi uyu akazazungura amaze gukura, ndetse ko mu

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miburanire ye Ndagijimana yiyemereye ko hari n’undi mwana wasizwe na Ngerero, uyu akaba ari Nyirakamana Eugénie. Bavuga ko iyo Urukiko rusesengura neza iki kimenyetso rutari guha agaciro ubugure bwabaye hagati ya Dukuzumuremyi Eugène na Ndagijimana Eugène wenyine, abandi bazungura batabigizemo uruhare. [11] Mbere yo kwisobanura ku mpamvu zo gusubirishamo urubanza, Me Nkanika Alimasi uburanira Dukuzumuremyi Eugène yabyukije inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego avuga ko: - Niyonsaba Joselyne uhagarariye umwana we Uwitije Diane nta bubasha, inyungu n’ubushobozi afite bwo kuregera amasezerano atagizemo uruhare, - ko urubanza rwasubirishijwemo ku mpamvu z’akarengane nyamara rutaraba itegeko,

- ko ikirego cyatanzwe kitujuje ibisabwa mu ngingo ya 55 y’Itegeko Nº 30/2018 ryo kuwa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko. [12] Urukiko rwasuzumye inzitizi zatanzwe n’uregwa rusanga nta shingiro zifite, rwemeza ko urubanza rukomereza mu mizi yarwo. [13] Mu kwisobanura ku mpamvu zisubirishamo urubanza, Dukuzumuremyi Eugène avuga ko nta karengane kaboneka mu rubanza rusubirishwamo kuko yaguze umutungo na Ndagijimana Eugène wari uwufitiye icyangombwa cy’Umurenge kandi ku mutungo yazunguye binyuze mu rubanza RC8099/R18/2003 - RC8497/R19/2003. Avuga ko mu gihe yakwamburwa umutungo we, ababuranyi bose bafatanya kumuha agaciro ka wo kuri uyu munsi. Ndagijimana we avuga ko yiteguye kugarurira Dukuzumuremyi amafaranga 1.500.000 yamuhaye agura umutungo uburanwa kuko nawe yemera ko yagurishije atabiherewe uburenganzira n’abandi bazungura. Ababuranyi basabye, buri wese ku bimureba uretse Ndagijimana Eugène, amafaranga y’ikurikirana rubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. [14] Iburanisha ryabaye ku wa 02/12/2021 Niyonsaba Joselyne uhagarariye Uwitije Diane yunganiwe na Me Kanyarugano Cassien, Nyirakamana Eugénie yunganiwe na Me Rwagasore Jean Claude, Ndagijimana Eugène aburanirwa na Me Mukandoli Brigitte naho Dukuzumuremyi Eugène aburanirwa na Me Nkanika Alimasi. Muri uru rubanza Urukiko rurasazuma niba ubugure bwabaye hagati Dukuzumuremyi Eugène na Ndagijimana Eugène bwateshwa agaciro kubera ko bamwe mu bazungura ba Ngerero Théophile batabugizemo uruhare, no kumenya agaciro Dukuzumuremyi yahabwa mu gihe umutungo waba usubijwe abazungura ba Ngerero Théophile. Rurasuzuma n’ibyerekeye amafaranga y’ikurikirana rubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka yasabwe n’ababuranyi. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA 1. Kumenya niba amasezerano y’ubugure yo kuwa 25/05/2005 yateshwa agaciro kubera ko bamwe mu bazungura ba Ngerero Théophile batayigizemo uruhare [15] Niyonsaba Joselyne uburanira umwana we Uwitije Diane, yunganiwe na Me Kanyarugano Cassien avuga ko ubugure bw’inzu ya Ngerero Théophile bwabaye ku wa 25/05/2005 nta gaciro bukwiye guhabwa kuko Dukuzumuremyi Eugène uvuga ko yaguze na Ndagijimana Eugène ashingiye ku rubanza RC8099/R18/2003-RC8497/R19/2003 rwaciwe n’Urukiko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwa Gisenyi kuwa 24/10/2003 rugaha Ndagijimana Eugène uburenganzira bwo kuzungura umutungo wose wa Ngerero Théophile, ko yaguranye uburyarya kuko yabonaga neza ko muri urwo rubanza Urukiko rwemeje ko hari undi mwana wabyawe na Ngerero ndetse rutegeka Ndagijimana gutanga indezo kuri uyu mwana zingana na 10.000Frw buri kwezi, uyu akazagabana mu mutungo w’umubyeyi we amaze gukura. Bavuga ko, iyo Dukuzumuremyi ashishoza, yari kubona ko umutungo wa Ngerero ufite abandi bazungura batari Ndagijimana Eugène wenyine kandi nabo bafite uburenganzira ku mutungo ugurishwa.

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Niyonsaba Joselyne asaba ko ubwo bugure bwateshwa agaciro, uyu mutungo ugasubira mu maboko y’abazungura ba Ngerero Théophile kugira ngo bawugabane nk’uko bagabanye indi mitungo. [16] Nyirakamana Eugénie yunganiwe na Me Rwagasore Jean Claude yavuze ko avukana na Ndagijimana Eugène kuri se na nyina ariko uyu akaba yaramuhishe akajya gusaba izungura ry’umutungo w’ababyeyi be wenyine, ariyo mpamvu yatambamiye imanza zahaye musaza we uburenganzira wenyine. Avuga ko mu mwaka wa 2007 yaje gusura iyi nzu iburanwa agasiga abwiye umugore wa Dukuzumuremyi ko inzu baguze ari iy’umuryango, ko uwayigurishije atari afite uburenganzira bwo kuyigurisha. Yavuze ko nawe imiburanire ayihuje n’iya Niyonsaba kuko Dukuzumuremyi yemeye kugura umutungo na Ndagijimana Eugène abona neza ko urubanza rwamuhaye uburenganzira bwo kuzungura rwavuze ko hari abandi bana ba Ngerero, bityo ko yakwirengera ingaruka z’ubwo bugure, umutungo ukagaruka mu maboko y’umuryango. [17] Ndagijimana Eugène uburanirwa na Me Mukandoli Brigitte avuga ko yagurishije umutungo w’umuryango kubera ubukene yari afite ariko ko yabisobanuriye Dukuzumuremyi Eugène ngo uyu akamubwira ko azirengera ingaruka, ko yiteguye kumugarurira ikiguzi yatanze cy’amafaranga 1.500.000Frw n’amafaranga y’ikurikirana rubanza yategetswe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye. [18] Dukuzumuremyi Eugène uburanirwa na Me Nkanika Alimasi yireguye avuga ko nta karengane kaboneka mu rubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru kuko yaguze umutungo wari wanditswe kuri Ndagijimana Eugène wenyine nk’uko bigaragazwa n’icyemezo cy’Umurenge wa Gatenga cyo ku wa 06/02/2004, ko nta kimenyetso na kimwe yabonaga cyerekana ko uwo mutungo awusangiye n’undi muntu. Yakomeje avuga ko atigeze agura ashingiye ku rubanza RC8099/R18/2003 - RC8497/R19/2003 kuko atari azi ko ruhari kandi atigeze arubamo nk’umuburanyi, ko ahubwo yarwisobanuyeho mu Rukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Kagarama kubera ko rwari rutanzwe nk’ikimenyetso, ko kandi uru rubanza rwemeje ko Ndagijimana Eugène azungura umutungo wose wa Ngerero Théophile akaba atabona icyabuzaga Ndagijimana Eugène kugurisha umutungo yazunguye. [19] Dukuzumuremyi Eugène yaburanye avuga kandi ko kuwa 18/02/2011 umuryango wa Ngerero Théophile wagabanyije abana be umutungo wari uhari, nyamara aba ntibavuga iby’iyi nzu yagurishijwe kugira ngo iherere kuri Ndagijimana Eugène nk’uko byagenze ku yindi mitungo yagurishije, ahubwo ngo baza kuyivuga mu yindi nama bagamije kuyimwambura ngo izungurwe kandi itakiri mu mutungo wabo. Yasabye kutamburwa inzu ye, ko ariko aramutse ayambuwe abashaka kuyitwara bamuha agaciro kayo kuri uyu munsi. [20] Niyonsaba na Nyirakamana bisobanuye ku cyemezo cy’umutungo cyatanzwe n’Umurenge wa Gatenga bavuga ko ari ubwa mbere Dukuzumuremyi akiburanishije kandi ko batizeye ko cyatanzwe koko n’Umurenge wa Gatenga bityo ngo kikaba kidakwiye guhabwa agaciro. Kuri iyi ngingo Urukiko rwasabye ko abahakana ikimenyetso bakoresha inzira zemewe n’amategeko mu guhakana ikimenyetso bibwira ko cyaba ari igihimbano, bakabigaragariza Urukiko mu nyandiko ishyirwa muri systeme mbere y’isomwa ry’urubanza. [21] Aba kandi bavuze ko izungura ryakorewe mu muryango kuwa 18/02/2011 ryarebaga imitungo ya Ngerero Théophile yari i Gasiza, ariyo mpamvu batavuze ku nzu iri i Kigali, ko iby’iyi nzu byavuzweho mu yindi nama aribwo ubuyobozi bw’umuryango bwanditse ko bwari bwarahaye Ndagijimana Eugène ububasha bwo kuyicunga gusa, bityo ko abazungura bayikurikirana mu maboko y’abayiguze ikagaruka mu bizungurwa. [22] Ku birebana n’agaciro k’inzu Dukuzumuremyi Eugène avuga kugarurirwa, Niyonsaba na Nyirakamana bavuze ko, uretse no kuba nta kindi kintu yayongereyeho kuva yayigura, ko nta n’icyo babazwa kuko byaba ari ukugura ibyabo bambuwe.

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[23] Ndagijimana Eugène uburanirwa na Me Mukandoli Brigitte yavuze ko nta mpamvu yo guha Dukuzumuremyi agaciro k’inzu kuri uyu munsi kuko ntacyo yayongereyeho kandi ko nawe yayibyaje umusaruro w’imyaka yose yayibayemo atishyura ubukode. Urukiko rwasabye Ndagijimana Eugène na Dukuzumuremyi Eugène gufatanya gushaka umugenagaciro kugira ngo hamenyekane agaciro k’umutungo uburanwa kuri uyu munsi kugira ngo mu gihe byaba ngomba nako kazasuzumwe mu guca urubanza. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [24] Ingingo ya 64 y’Itegeko N°45/2011 ryo kuwa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano iteganya ko amasezerano akozwe ku buryo bukurikije amategeko aba itegeko ku bayagiranye. Ashobora guseswa ari uko babyumvikanyeho cyangwa ku mpamvu zemewe n'amategeko. Agomba kubahirizwa nta buriganya. [25] Ingingo ya 49 y’Itegeko N° 22/99 ryo kuwa 12/11/1999 ryuzuza igitabo cya mbere cy’urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano kandi rishyiraho igice cya gatanu cyerekeye imicungire y’umutungo w’abashakanye, impano n’izungura ryariho igihe amasezerano agibwaho impaka yakorwaga, iteganya ko kuzungura ari uguhabwa ububasha n’inshingano ku mutungo n’imyenda bya nyakwigendera. [26] Urukiko rurasanga Niyonsaba Joselyne uhagarariye umwana we Uwitije Diane na Nyirakamana Eugénie bashingira akarengane kabo ku kuba Urukiko Rukuru rwarahaye agaciro ubugure bw’inzu y’umuryango wa Ngerero Théophile bwabaye hagati ya Dukuzumuremyi Eugène na Ndagijimana Eugène rushingiye ku kuba urubanza RC8099/R18/2003- RC8497/R19/2003 rwarahaye uyu uburenganzira bwo kuzungura umutungo wose wa Ngerero, ngo rukirengagiza ko Dukuzumuremyi yaguze uyu mutungo abona neza ko urubanza ashingiraho ruvuga ko hari abandi bazungura ba Ngerero bawufiteho uburenganzira. [27] Urukiko rurasanga, kuri uru rwego Dukuzumuremyi Eugène yaraburanishije icyemezo cy’umutungo cyatanzwe n’Umurenge wa Gatenga ku wa 06/02/2004 avuga ko ari cyo yashingiyeho agura na Ndagijimana Eugène kuko ariwe wenyine wari uwanditsweho, ko atashingiye ku rubanza RC8099/R18/2003-RC8497/R19/2003 kuko nta buryo yari kurumenya atararubayemo umuburanyi, ko ahubwo yarwisobanuyeho nk’ikimenyetso cyari gitanzwe n’abo aburana nabo, kandi narwo rukaba ruvuga ko umutungo wose wa Ngerero uzungurwa na Ndagijimana Eugène, bityo ko ntacyamubuzaga kugurisha ibyo yazunguye. [28] Urukiko rurasanga, Niyonsaba Joselyne na Nyirakamana Eugénie, nubwo bavuze ko batemera ikimenyetso cy’umutungo cyo kuwa 06/02/2004 nta bundi buryo bakoresheje bagitesha agaciro, haba gusaba ko gifatwa nk’inyandiko mpimbano (s’inscrire en faux) cyangwa kwerekana inyandiko iyo ariyo yose itanzwe n’Umurenge wa Gatenga itesha agaciro iki kimenyetso, bityo kikaba kigomba gufatwaho ukuri. Rurasanga kandi kuba iki kimenyetso cyaratanzwe bwa mbere ku rwego rw’ubujurire bitagize impamvu yo kutagisuzuma nk’uko biteganywa mu gika cya nyuma cy’ingingo ya 154 y’Itegeko N° 29/2018 ryo kuwa 22/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi1. [29] Urukiko rurasanga mu iburanisha kuri uru rwego, ubwo Niyonsaba Joselyne yabazwaga impamvu ki atakurikiranye uyu mutungo kugeza ugurishijwe kandi kuwa 17/10/2000 ari we wari wawuvanye mu maboko y’abari bawigabije, yasubije avuga ko yabitewe no kuba Urukiko rwa

1 Ingingo ya 154 Al 3 y’Itegeko N°22/2018 ryo kuwa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi igira iti: Ntibibujijwe ariko mu rwego rw’ubujurire gutanga ibisobanuro bishya cyangwa ibimenyetso bishya bigamije kumvikanisha kurushaho ibyari byaraburanishijwe mu rwego rwa mbere.

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Gisenyi rwari rwarawuhaye Ndagijimana Eugène. Ibivugwa muri iki gika birerekana ko Niyonsaba ubwe yari azi ko Ndagijimana Eugène yari yarahawe uburenganzira bwo kuzungura umutungo wa Ngerero Théophile, ariyo mpamvu yarekuye iyi nzu yari isanzwe mu maboko ye, uburenganzira avuga ko Uwitije Diane yari ayifiteho akaba atarashoboye kubugaragariza Urukiko kugira ngo icyemezo cy’urubanza RC8099/R18/2003- RC8497/R19/2003 gihindurwe. [30] Urukiko rurasanga, nyuma yo guhabwa uburenganzira bwo kuzungura umutungo wose wa Ngerero Théophile mu rubanza RC 8099/ R 18/2003-RC8497/R19/2003 rwaciwe n’Urukiko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwa Gisenyi ku wa 24/10/2003, Ndagijimana Eugène yariyandikishijeho inzu iburanwa nk’uko bigaragazwa n’icyemezo cy’Umurenge wa Gatenga cyo kuwa 06/02/2004 ndetse akaza kuyigurisha Dukuzumuremyi Eugène kuwa 25/05/2005, mu rwego rw’amategeko Ndagijimana Eugène akaba yaragurishije umutungo yari afiteho uburenganzira akomora ku izungura na Dukuzumuremyi Eugène akaba nta kosa na mba yakoze ryo kugura n’umuntu wanditsweho umutungo yazunguye abiherewe ububasha n’Urukiko. [31] Urukiko rurasanga, kuba urubanza RC 8099/R18/2003 - RC8497/R19/2003 rwaciwe n’Urukiko rwa mbere rw’Iremezo rwa Gisenyi rwarahaye Ndagijimana Eugène ububasha bwo kuzungura umutungo wose wa Ngerero Théophile, uyu yari afite ububasha busesuye kuri uwo mutungo nk’uko byasobanuwe mu ngingo ya 49 y’Itegeko N° 22/99 ryavuzwe haruguru, kuba yarahawe inshingano yo gutanga indezo kuri Uwitije Diane no kuba mu miburanire ye yaravuze ko hari undi mwana wabyawe na Ngerero Théophile, ubwabyo bitari “opposable aux tiers” ku birebana n’ububasha Ndagijimana Eugène yari yahawe igihe cyose nta rundi rubanza rwari rwakavuguruje uru. [32] Urukiko rurasanga kuba Nyirakamana Eugénie na Uwitije Diane (umwana wa Niyonsaba Joselyne) baraje guhabwa uburenganzira bwo kuzungura umubyeyi wabo Ngerero Théophile, ibi bitabaha ububasha bwo gukurikirana abaguze ku buryo bwemewe n’amategeko imwe mu mitungo yari igize ibizungurwa, ahubwo baragombaga kubikurikirana kuri Ndagijimana Eugène wabavukije uburenganzira bwabo ajya gusaba kuzungura wenyine imitungo ya Ngerero Théophile azi neza ko afite abandi bavandimwe. Rurasanga kandi uretse ku birebana n’inzu iburanwa, aba ariyo nzira bakoresheje ubwo kuwa 18/02/2011 mu izungura ryakorewe mu muryango, aho Nyirakamana Eugénie yahawe umugabane urenze uwahawe abandi bazungura nk’ingurane y’indi mitungo Ndagijimana na Niyonsaba bagurishije; Urukiko rukaba rutabona impamvu ki bitakozwe no kuri iyi nzu nyamara aba bose bari bazi ko yamaze kugurishwa. [33] Urukiko, rushingiye ku bisobanuro byavuzwe haruguru, rurasanga nta karengane kaboneka mu rubanza RCAA 0242/13/HC/KIG rwaciwe n'Urukiko Rukuru kuwa 30/01/2015 kuko nta mategeko cyangwa ibimenyetso byaba byarirengagijwe nk’uko bisabwa mu ngingo ya 55 y’Itegeko N° 30/2018 ryo kuwa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, bityo urubanza rwasubirishijwemo rukaba rugomba kugumana agaciro karwo. 2. Ku birebana n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka [34] Niyonsaba Joselyne uburanira Uwitiije Diane yunganiwe na Me Kanyarugano Cassien yasabye Urukiko gutegeka Ndagijimana Eugène na Dukuzumuremyi Eugène gufatanya guha Uwitije Diane indishyi zingana n’amafaranga miliyoni makumyabiri (20.000.000Frw) akubiyemo ay’indishyi z’akababaro, gukurikirana urubanza no kumusubiza igihembo cya Avoka kingana n’amafaranga ibihumbi magana inani (800.000Frw), ngo kuko ari bo bamushoye mu manza. [35] Nyirakamana Eugénie mu mwanzuro we, yasabye ko Dukuzumuremyi Eugène na Ndagijimana Eugène bategekwa gufatanya kumuha indishyi z'akababaro zihwanye na 30.000.000 Frw, kubera akababaro yatejwe no kuvutswa uburenganzira mu mutungo wa se Ngerero Théophile na nyina Mukamuhire Espérance. Yasabye kandi guhabwa 18.900.000Frw

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ahwanye n’ubukode yavukijwe ku nzu aburana, ubukode bubariwe ku mafaranga 3000.000 ku kwezi kuva igihe yagurishirijwe (kuwa 25/05/2005) kugeza mu kwezi kwa 4/2021. Yasabye kandi guhabwa 10.000.000 Frw akubiyemo amafaranga y’ikurikirana rubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. [36] Dukuzumuremyi uburanirwa na Me Nkanika Alimasi avuga ko nta ndishyi yatanga kuko inzu atunze yayiguze ku buryo bwemewe n’amategeko, abayiburana bakaba bagamije kuyimuhuguza. Yasabye ko ari we wagenerwa 10.000.000Frw akubiyemo amafaranga y’ikurikirana rubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. [37] Ndagijimana Eugène yavuze ko nta zindi ndishyi yatanga uretse izo yategetswe mu rubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [38] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza mbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ari ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. [39] Ingingo ya 34 y’Amabwiriza No 01/2014 yo ku wa 18/07/2014 agena ibihembo mbonera by’Abavoka iteganya ko Avoka afite uburenganzira bwo kugena igihembo ashyize mu gaciro ariko kitari munsi ya 500.000Frw kandi kitarenze 3.000.000Frw. Naho ingingo ya 33 y’aya mabwiriza ikavuga ko mu bujurire Avoka w’urega n’uw’uregwa bafite uburenganzira kuri kimwe cya kabiri cy’igihembo cyumvikanyweho ku rwego rwa mbere. [40] Urukiko rurasanga indishyi zisabwa na Niyonsaba Joselyne uhagarariye Uwitije Diane na Nyirakamana Eugénie nta shingiro zifite kuko batsindwa n’urubanza basubirishijemo. [41] Urukiko rurasanga, Dukuzumuremyi Eugène washowe mu manza kubw’umutungo yaguze, afite uburenganzira ku mafaranga y’ikurikiraa rubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka, akaba agomba kuyahabwa na Niyonsaba Joselyne uhagarariye Uwitije Diane na Nyirakamana Eugénie basubirishijemo urubanza, bafatanyije na Ndagijimana Eugène waburanye amahugu agamije kugaruza umutungo yagurishije. [42] Urukiko rurasanga Dukuzumuremyi Eugène atarashoboye gusobanura uburyo yakoresheje 10.000.000Frw kuri uru rubanza, ariko kubera ko yashyizeho Avoka wamuburaniye, aba bavuzwe bakaba bagomba gufatanya kumuha kuri uru rwego amafaranga ibihumbi maganatanu (5000.000) y’igihembo cya Avoka n’amafaranga ibihumbi maganabiri (200.000) y’ikurikirana rubanza. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [43] Rwemeje ko ikirego RS/INJUST/RC 00006/2021/CA gisubirishamo urubanza RCAA 0242/13/HC/KIG ku mpamvu z’akarengane nta shingiro gifite. [44] Rutegetse Niyonsaba Joselyne uhagarariye Uwitije Diane, Nyirakamana Eugénie na Ndagijimana Eugène gufatanya guha Dukuzimuremyi Eugène 500.000Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 200.000Frw y’ikurikirana rubanza. [45] Rutegetse ko amagarama y’uru rubanza aherera ku Isanduku ya Leta.