NIYONZIMA N’ABANDI v SANLAM ASSURANCE GÉNÉRALES Plc (Sanlam AG Plc)

# NIYONZIMA N’ABANDI v SANLAM ASSURANCE GÉNÉRALES Plc (Sanlam AG Plc)

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2023-01-27 - Case/document no.: RS/INJUST/RC 00018/2022/SC - Collection: Supreme Court

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NIYONZIMA N’ABANDI v SANLAM ASSURANCE GÉNÉRALES Plc (Sanlam AG Plc) [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA - RS/INJUST/RC 00018/2022/SC (Mukamulisa, Nyirinkwaya, Karimunda, J.) 27 Mutarama 2023] Amategeko agenga imanza z’imbonezamubano – Itegeko rigenga umuryango – Inshingano z’abagize umuryango – Abana n’ababyeyi barengeje imyaka y’ubukure – Inshingano yo guhana ibibatunga - Hagati y’ababyeyi n’abana barengeje imyaka y’ubukure, inshingano yo guhana ibibatunga ibaho gusa iyo usaba ibimutunga abikeneye, byumvikanisha ko kugira ngo abihabwe agomba gutanga ibimenyetso by’uko akeneye ibimutunga, ndetse ko ubisabwa abifitiye ubushobozi. Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza – Imanza z’akarengane – Kudatanga ibirego bishya - Ntawakwitwaza inzira y’akarengane igihe urubanza ruburanishwa bundi bushya ngo azane ibirego bishya bitari mu murongo w’ibyaregewe urubanza rugishingwa mu rwego rwa mbere cyangwa ingingo zitasuzumwe mu rubanza rusubirishwamo kuko yaba avuye mu mbibi z’urwo rubanza. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rukomoka ku mpanuka yabaye ikozwe n’ikinyabiziga cyari gifite ubwishingizi bwa Sanlam AG Plc hanyuma igahitana uwitwa Nyanzira. Niyonzima n’abandi baregera indishyi basabye umwishingizi ko yazibaha mu bwumvikane ariko birananirana bituma batanga ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge. Urukiko rwasanze ikirego gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe rutegeka umwishingizi gutanga indishyi zitandukanye. Sanlam AG Plc ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urwo rubanza irujuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru ivuga ko indishyi mbangamirabukungu zagenewe abana ba nyakwigendera zitari zikwiye kuko bafite kandi barengeje imyaka y’ubukuru. Urukiko Rukuru rwafashe icyemezo cyo gukuraho indishyi zose zari zagenwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye aho rwavuze ko indishyi mbangamirabukungu zitagomba gutangwa kuko abazisaba bakuze kandi bakaba batagaragaza indi mpamvu yatuma bazihabwa naho ku zindi ndishyi ntabwo rwigeze rusobanura impamvu zivanweho. Abaregera indishyi bagiye mu nzira z’akarengane maze urubanza ruhabwa Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, mu ica ry’urubanza rusuzuma ikibazo cyo kumenya niba Niyonzima, Niyigena, Ntawiha na Muhawenimana, abana ba Nyanzira n’umubyeyi we Mbarubukeye, bahabwa indishyi mbangamirabukungu kuko izindi ndishyi baje kuzumvikanaho mu nama ntegura rubanza. Abarega bavuga ko Urukiko rwemeje ko nta ndishyi mbangamirabukungu bagomba guhabwa ngo kuko nta bimenyetso berekanye bihamya ko bari batunzwe na Nyakwigendera rwirengagije ko ababyeyi n’abana bafite inshingano yo guhana ibibatunga kandi ko bidasabirwa ibimenyetso dore ko na nyankwigendera atakoraga akazi kamuha umushahara ngo yoherereze abana be amafaranga ko ahubwo yari umuhinzi akabatunga mu byo yahinze. Bakomeza basobanura ko itegeko riteganya ko umwana agomba guha agaciro ababyeyi be, kububaha no kubaha ibibatunga igihe babikeneye, ko iyo ngingo yakoreshwa ku bana no ku babyeyi (vice versa), ikaba yumvikanisha ko nta kintu na kimwe cyambura umubyeyi uburenganzira bwo kwita ku bana be, kabone n’ubwo baba bafite imyaka y’ubukure. Mbarubukeye, umubyeyi wa nyakwigendera, nawe yasabye ko yahabwa indishyi mbangamirabukungu nubwo atari yarigeze azisaba mbere kubera ko atari afite ikimenyetso kigaragaza ko yari atunzwe na nyakwigendera ariko ubu akaba yarakibonye.

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Sanlam AG Plc yiregura ivuga ko indishyi mbangamirabukungu zihabwa abari batunzwe na nyakwigendera kandi ko abantu bafite imyaka y’ubukure bataba bagitungwa uretse igihe babigaragarije ikimenyetso. Ikomeza ivuga ko abaregera indishyi bose barengeje imyaka y’ubukure kandi nta kimenyetso gifatika bagaragaza kerekana ko bari batunzwe na we. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Hagati y’ababyeyi n’abana barengeje imyaka y’ubukure, inshingano yo guhana ibibatunga ibaho gusa iyo usaba ibimutunga abikeneye, byumvikanisha ko kugira ngo abihabwe agomba gutanga ibimenyetso by’uko akeneye ibimutunga, ndetse ko ubisabwa abifitiye ubushobozi bityo abaregera indishyi mbangamirabukungu ntazo bagomba guhabwa kuko bujuje imyaka y’ubukure kandi bakaba batagaragaza ibimenyetso by’uko bari batunzwe na nyakwigendera. 2. Ntawakwitaza inzira y’akarengane igihe urubanza ruburanishwa bundi bushya ngo azane ibirego bishya bitari mu murongo w’ibyaregewe urubanza rugishingwa mu rwego rwa mbere cyangwa ingingo zitasuzumwe mu rubanza rusubirishwamo kuko yaba avuye mu mbibi z’urwo rubanza bityo ibisabwa na Mbarubukeye bikaba nta shingiro bifite kuko atigeze abisaba ku rwego rwa mbere. Ikirego cyo gusubirishamo urubanza ku mpamvu z’akarengane gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 32/2016 ryo ku wa 28/08/2016 rigenga abantu n’umuryango, ingingo ya 255, 321; Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018, ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 111 Iteka rya Perezida Nº 31/01 ryo ku wa 25/08/2003 rishyiraho uburyo bwo kwishyura indishyi ku bubabare bw’umubiri buturutse ku mpanuka zitewe n’ibinyabiziga, ingingo ya 22. Imanza zifashishijwe: RCAA 0049/14/CS, SORAS, Umuhoza Pacifique n’abandi. rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 25/11/2016; RS/INJUST/RSOC 00001/2018/SC, Banki y’abaturage na Ukwibishaka Alexis, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 25/09/2020; RS/INJUST/RC 00024/2018/SC, Ngizweninshuti Albert na Muhima Giovanni, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 21/02/2020; RS/INJUST/RC 00007/2018/SC, Nditiribambe Samuel, Gatera Johnson n’abandi rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 13/03/2020. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA: [1] Nyanzira Rosalie yapfuye azize impanuka y’imodoka yabaye ku wa 05/09/2018. Iyo modoka yari fite ubwishingizi muri SORAS Assurances Générales Ltd (SORAS AG Ltd) yahindutse SANLAM Assurances Générales Plc (SANLAM AG Plc). Abarega

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bavuzwe haruguru bananiwe kwumvikana na SORAS AG Ltd ku ndishyi bahabwa, maze bayirega mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge basaba indishyi zitandukanye. SORAS AG Ltd yireguye ivuga ko yemera uburyozwe (responsabilité) ariko ikaba ikinanizwa n’indishyi z’umurengera yakwa n’abarega, ari nayo mpamvu yatumye ubwumvikane budashoboka. [2] Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwaciye urubanza RC 00403/2019/TGI/NYGE ku wa 30/01/2020, rwemeza ko ikirego rwashyikirijwe gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe, rutegeka SORAS AG Ltd guha abarega indishyi zikurikira: - 1.252.174 Frw y’indishyi mbangamirabukungu ku bana ba Nyanzira Rosalie, aribo Niyonzima Léonidas, Muhawenimana Gloriose, Niyigena Feredisa na Ntawiha Evangeline; - 810.000 Frw y’indishyi mbangamiramuco kuri buri mwana; - 810.000 Frw Frw y’indishyi mbangamiramuco ku mubyeyi we; - 540.000Frw y’indishyi mbangamiramuco ku bavandimwe be, aribo Ntacyo Evariste, Nyirababeruka Evangeline, Nyirababirigi Espérance na Nyirabagande1. - 236.000 Frw ahwanye n’ibyakoreshejwe kuva impanuka ibaye kugeza Nyanzira Rosalie ashyinguwe ku barega bose hamwe; - 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ikurikiranarubanza ku barega bose hamwe. [3] SANLAM AG Plc yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, ivuga ko indishyi mbangamirabukungu zagenewe abana ba Nyanzira Rosalie zitakurikije amategeko kuko bari bafite imyaka y’ubukure, bakaba bataragaragaje ibimenyetso by’uko bari batunzwe n’umubyeyi wabo. [4] Mu rubanza RCA 00124/2020/HC/KIG rwaciwe ku wa 25/02/2021, Urukiko rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa SANLAM AG Plc bufite ishingiro, rutegeka ko nta ndishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka yateje urupfu rwa Nyanzira Rosalie zigomba gutangwa kuri Niyonzima Leonidas, Niyigena Feredisa, Ntawiha Evangeline, Muhawenimana Gloriose, Ntacyo Evariste, Nyirababeruka Evangeline, Nyirababirigi (wiswe Nyirabadage) Espérance na Nyirabagande2 bagomba guhabwa, ko imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe iteshejwe agaciro mu ngingo zayo zose, abaregwa bakaba bagomba gufatanya guha SANLAM AG Plc amafaranga 900.000 ahwanye n’ibyo yatanze kuri uru rubanza no kuyisubiza amagarama yishyuye itanga ikirego. [5] Ku birebana n’indishyi mbangamirabukungu, Urukiko Rukuru rwasobanuye ko ruzivanyeho kuko nta bimenyetso abazigenewe bagaragaje by’uko Nyanzira Rosalie yari abatunze. Ku bijyanye n’izindi ndishyi zari zagenwe ku rwego rwa mbere, ntabwo rwasobanuye impamvu ruzivanyeho, cyane ko nta n’uwari waziregeye mu bujurire. [6] Ku wa 17/03/2021, Me Nayigiziki Joël yandikiye Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, asaba ko urubanza RCA 00124/2020/HC/KIG rwasubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane kuko urwo rukiko rwari rwajuririwe gusa indishyi mbangamirabukungu zari zategetswe ku rwego rwa mbere 1 Abavandimwe ba Nyanzira Rosalie batanze ikirego ni batatu. Urukiko rwongeyemo Nyirabagande kandi atari mu batanze ikirego. 2 Uyu ntabwo agaragara mu batanze ikirego.

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ariko rukuraho n’indishyi zitari zajuririwe, ndetse mu gusuzuma indishyi mbangamirabukungu rukaba rwarirengagije ingingo z’amategeko n’imanza z’icyitegererezo batanze byerekana ko abana batagomba gutanga ibimenyetso by’uko umubyeyi wabo yari abatunze kugira ngo bazihabwe. [7] Nyuma yo gusuzuma ubusabe bwabo, Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire yandikiye Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga asaba ko urubanza rwavuzwe rusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarenge. Nyuma yo gusuzuma ubwo busabe, Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, mu cyemezo N° 141/CJ/2022 cyo ku wa 24/08/2022, yemeje ko urubanza rwongera kuburanishwa, ruhabwa RS/INJUST/RC 00018/2022/SC. [8] Mu nama ntegurarubanza yabaye ku wa 19/10/2022 no ku wa 28/10/2022, ababuranyi bumvikanye ko SANLAM AG Plc izishyura ibyategetswe mu rubanza RC 00403/2019/TGI/NYGE bijyanye n’indishyi mbangamiramuco, indishyi z’ibyakoreshejwe mu rupfu rwa Nyanzira Rosalie, ndetse n’amafaranga y’igihembo cy’Avoka n’ikurikiranarubanza, ko ibibazo bizasuzumwa ku rwego rw’akarengane ari ibirebana gusa n’indishyi mbangamirabukungu n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka kuri uru rwego. Muri dosiye hagaragaramo Itegeko rya Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ryemera ubwo bwumvikane. II. IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA N’ISESENGURWA RYABYO; A. Kumenya niba Niyonzima Léonidas, Niyigena Feredisa, Ntawiha Evangeline na Muhawenimana Gloriose, abana ba Nyanzira Rosalie n’umubyeyi we Mbarubukeye Elisabeth, bahabwa indishyi mbangamirabukungu. [9] Me Nayigiziki Joël uhagarariye abarega avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko nta ndishyi mbangamirabukungu abana ba Nyanzira Rosalie bahabwa ngo kuko bari bafite imyaka y’ubukure igihe umubyeyi wabo yapfaga, bakaba nta bimenyetso batanze bigaragaza ko yari abatunze, rwirengagije ingingo ya 255, igika cya 2, y’Itegeko N° 32/2016 ryo ku wa 28/08/2016 rigenga abantu n’umuryango iteganya ko umwana agomba guha agaciro ababyeyi be, kububaha no kubaha ibibatunga igihe babikeneye kuko iyo ngingo yakoreshwa ku bana no ku babyeyi (vice versa), ikaba yumvikanisha ko nta kintu na kimwe cyambura umubyeyi uburenganzira bwo kwita ku bana be, kabone n’ubwo baba bafite imyaka y’ubukure. [10] Akomeza avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwirengagije n’umurongo watanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza RCAA 0049/14/CS rwaciwe ku wa 25/11/2016, haburana SORAS, Umuhoza Pacifique n’abandi, aho rwasobanuye ko ababyeyi n’abana bafite inshingano zo guhana ibibatunga kandi ko bidasabirwa ibimenyetso. [11] Avuga kandi ko Nyanzira Rosalie atari umunyamushahara ngo abe yarohererezaga abana be amafaranga babasha kugaragariza ibimenyetso, ko ahubwo yari umuhinzi akaba yarabatungishaga ibyo yejeje, ibyo bikaba bitatangirwa ibimenyetso. Yongeraho ko muri abo bana harimo ukiri ingaragu wabanaga n’umubyeyi we ku buryo byumvikana ko ari we wamuhaga ibimutunga.

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[12] Ku birebana na Mbarubukeye Elisabeth, umubyeyi wa Nyanzira Rosalie, avuga ko akwiye gushyirwa ku rutonde rw’abagomba guhabwa indishyi mbangamirabukungu nubwo batari bazimusabiye mbere kuko nta kimenyetso bari bafite, ariko ko ubu babonye ikimenyetso cy’uko ari mu cyiciro cya mbere cy’ubudehe, bikaba byumvikanisha ko yari atunzwe na nyakwigendera. [13] Ku birebana n’ingano y’indishyi mbangamirabukungu zatangwa, avuga ko hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 22 y’Iteka rya Perezida N° 31/02 ryo ku wa 25/08/2003 rishyiraho uburyo bwo kwishyura indishyi ku bubabare bw’umubiri buturutse ku mpanuka zitewe n’ibinyabiziga, kuba Nyanzira Rosalie waguye mu mpanuka yarapfuye afite imyaka 63, akaba yari asigaje imyaka 2 yo gukora, abana be na nyina bahabwa 1.252.174 Frw zibazwe ku buryo bukurikira: 3 000 Frw x iminsi 30 x amezi 12 x imyaka 2 x 2/3 1+ (7.5% X 2ans) [14] Me Sebaziga Sophonie, uhagarariye SANLAM AG Ltd, avuga ko ingingo ya 22, agace ka mbere y’Iteka rya Perezida rishyiraho uburyo bwo kwishyura indishyi ku bubabare bw’umubiri buturutse ku mpanuka zitewe n’ibinyabiziga ryavuzwe, iteganya mu nteruro yayo ya nyuma ko abafite uburenganzira ku buryo bwumvikana ko bari batunzwe n’uwahohotewe aribo bonyine bashobora guhabwa indishyi. [15] Ku bijyanye n’urubanza rwa SORAS AG Ltd na Umuhoza Pacifique n’abandi rwavuzwe n’uhagarariye abarega, avuga ko muri urwo rubanza Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwasobanuye ahubwo ko abantu bafite imyaka y’ubukure bataba bagitungwa uretse igihe babigaragarije ikimenyetso, uwo murongo ukaba ushimangira ibyo bavuga ko nta ndishyi abana ba Nyanzira Rosalie bakwiye kuko yapfuye ari bakuru, bakaba nta bimenyetso batanga bigaragaza ko nubwo bakuze badashobora kwitunga ubwabo kandi ko bari bagitunzwe n'umubyeyi mu buryo buhoraho. Uko Urukiko rubibona: 1° Ku birebana n’abana ba Nyanzira Rosalie. [16] Ingingo ya 22 y’Iteka rya Perezida Nº 31/01 ryo ku wa 25/08/2003 rishyiraho uburyo bwo kwishyura indishyi ku bubabare bw’umubiri buturutse ku mpanuka zitewe n’ibinyabiziga, iteganya ko: "[...] abafite uburenganzira ku buryo byumvikana ko bari batunzwe n'uwahohotewe n’impanuka ni bo bonyine bashobora guhabwa indishyi". [17] Muri uru rubanza, uhagarariye abana ba Nyanzira Rosalie avuga ko umwana atasabwa ibimenyetso by’uko yari atunzwe n’umubyeyi we kugira ngo agenerwe indishyi mbangamirabukungu kabone nubwo yaba afite imyaka y’ubukure, iyi myumvire akavuga ko ayishingira ku ngingo ya 255, igika cya 2, y’Itegeko N°32/2016 ryo ku wa 28/08/2016 rigenga abantu n’umuryango, ndetse no ku murongo watanzwe mu rubanza RCAA 0049/14/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 25/11/2016, haburana SORAS, Umuhoza Pacifique n’abandi. [18] Ku byerekeranye n’urubanza rumaze kuvugwa, uhagarariye abarega ashingiraho, Urukiko rurasanga icyasobanuwemo ari abantu amategeko aha umurimo nshinganwa wo gutanga ibitunga umubiri k’uwundi muntu ubikeneye (obligation alimentaire de fournir des aliments à une autre personne qui est dans le besoin), ari naho rwagaragaje ko ababyeyi n’abana bafitanye umurimo

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nshinganwa wo guhana ibabatunga (l’obligation alimentaire existe également entre le père et la mère d’une part et leurs enfants d’autre part, et réciproquement). [19] Ibijyanye n’umurimo nshinganwa ababyeyi n’abana bafitanye wo guhana ibabatunga byasobanuwe muri urwo rubanza byari bishingiye ku Itegeko Nº 42/1988 rishyiraho Urwunge rw’amategeko y’imbonezamubano, Igitabo cya mbere cyerekeye abantu n’umuryango, ryakurikizwaga icyo gihe. Ibyavuzwe muri iryo tegeko ariko ni nabyo byagarutsweho mu Itegeko N° 32/2016 ryo ku wa 28/08/2016 rigenga abantu n’umuryango rikurikizwa ubu, usibye ko mu ngingo yaryo ya 255, igika cya 2, havugwamo gusa inshingano abana bafite yo guha ababyeyi ibibatunga iyo babikeneye (l’enfant doit fournir des aliments à ses parents lorsqu’ils sont dans le besoin), ariko bikaba byumvikana ko n’ababyeyi bafite inshingano yo gutunga abana babo iyo babikeneye. [20] Ibimaze gusobanurwa ku murimo nshinganwa ababyeyi n’abana bafitanye wo guhana ibibatunga ntibigomba kwitiranywa n’ibivugwa mu ngingo ya 321 y’iryo tegeko ku nshingano zikomoka ku bubasha bwa kibyeyi zo kwita ku mwana utarageza ku myaka 21, (l’obligation des pères et mères de nourrir, entretenir et élever leurs enfants) kuko ku mwana utarageza ku myaka y’ubukure, byumvikana ko aba akeneye kwitabwaho, kurerwa no guhabwa ibimutunga. Kuba rero hagati y’ababyeyi n’abana barengeje imyaka y’ubukure, inshingano yo guhana ibibatunga ibaho gusa iyo usaba ibimutunga abikeneye, byumvikanisha ko kugira ngo abihabwe agomba gutanga ibimenyetso by’uko akeneye ibimutunga, ndetse ko ubisabwa abifitiye ubushobozi. Ibi bikaba bivuguruza ibyo uhagarariye abarega avuga ko hagati y’abafitanye umurimo nshinganwa wo guhana ibibatunga nta bimenyetso bisabwa kugirango usaba guhabwa ibimutunga abihabwe. [21] Ku birebana no kwishyura indishyi zikomoka ku rupfu rwatewe n’impanuka yo mu muhanda, imyandikire y’ingingo ya 22 y’Iteka rya Perezida ryavuzwe igaragaza neza ko zigenerwa gusa uwari atunzwe n’uwapfuye. Ibi nabyo byumvikanisha ko nubwo amategeko ateganya abafite inshingano yo gutunga abandi iyo babikeneye, ikigenderwaho cy’ibanze hasuzumwa niba umuntu afite uburenganzira ku ndishyi mbangamirabukungu, ari ukuba agaragaza ko yari atunzwe koko n’uwapfuye, bivuze ko agomba kubitangira ibimenyetso. [22] Ku birebana n’uru rubanza, kuva rwatangira ku rwego rwa mbere, Niyonzima Léonidas, Niyigena Feredisa, Ntawiha Evangeline na Muhawenimana Gloriose nta bimenyetso bagaragaje by’uko bari batunzwe na Nyanzira Rosalie. Ibyo bavuga ko hari umwe muri bo ukiri ingaragu wabanaga nawe, Urukiko rurasanga ibyo ubwabyo atari ikimenyetso cy’uko yari amutunze. Mu nyandiko zashyikirijwe Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge harimo ibyemezo by’amavuko by’abana ba Nyanzira Rosalie bigaragaza ko umuto muri bo ari Niyigena Feredisa wavutse ku wa 01/01/1987, bivuze ko yari afite imyaka 31 igihe umubyeyi we yapfaga azize impanuka y’imodoka. Nk’uko byasobanuwe nanone mu rubanza RCAA 0049/14/CS rwavuzwe haruguru, umuntu urengeje imyaka y’ubukure ntiyavuga ko adashoboye kwitunga keretse agaragaje impamvu idasanzwe yatumaga umubyeyi we amutunga, akabitangira ibimenyetso bifatika nk’inyandiko zo kwa muganga zerekana niba afite ubumuga, uburwayi cyangwa ikindi kibazo kidasanzwe cyatuma atibeshaho. [23] Hashingiwe rero ku mategeko yavuzwe no ku bisobanuro byatanzwe, Urukiko rurasanga nta burenganzira Niyonzima Léonidas, Niyigena Feredisa, Ntawiha Evangeline na

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Muhawenimana Gloriose bafite ku ndishyi mbangamirabukungu zikomoka ku rupfu rwa Nyanzira Rosalie. 2° Ku birebana n’umubyeyi wa Nyanzira Rosalie. [24] Nk’uko bigaragara mu nyandiko zigize dosiye y’urubanza, nta kirego cy’indishyi mbangamirabukungu Mbarubukeye Elisabeth yigeze atanga mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, zikaba zisabwe bwa mbere kuri uru rwego. Ibi Me Nayigiziki Joël umuburanira yabyiyemereye imbere y’uru rukiko. [25] Ku bijyanye no gusubirishamo urubanza ku mpamvu z’akarengane, ingingo ya 63 y’ Itegeko N° 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko iteganya ko Urukiko rushyikirijwe urubanza rusabirwa gusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, rurusuzuma mu mizi bundi bushya. [26] Nk’uko byatanzweho umurongo n’uru rukiko mu manza zinyuranye3, kuba umuburanyi wumva ko urubanza yaburanye rwabayemo akarengane yarahawe inzira yo kuba yarusubirishamo rukaburanishwa bundi bushya, ntibivuga ko yakwitwaza iyo nzira kugira ngo azane ibirego bishya bitari mu murongo w’ibyaregewe urubanza rugishingwa mu rwego rwa mbere cyangwa ingingo zitasuzumwe mu rubanza rusubirishwamo kuko yaba avuye mu mbibi z’urwo rubanza. [27] Hashingiwe kuri ibyo bisobanuro, Urukiko rurasanga ikirego cya Mbarubukeye Elisabeth cyerekeye indishyi mbangamirabukungu kitagomba kwakirwa ngo gisuzumwe kuko ari ikirego gishya kitari mu mbibi z’uru rubanza. B. INDISHYI ZISABWA KURI URU RWEGO [28] Me Nayigiziki Joël asaba ko abarega ahagarariye bagenerwa amafaranga y’ikuriranarubanza n’igihembo cy’Avoka angana na 1.000.000 Frw kuri uru rwego. [29] Me Sebaziga Sophonie asaba ko SANLAM AG Ltd yagenerwa 500.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. Uko Urukiko rubibona: [30] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko no 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018, ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi igira iti: ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo [.]. 3 Reba urubanza rubanziriza urundi N° RS/INJUST/RSOC 00001/2018/SC, haburana Banki y’abaturage na Ukwibishaka Alexis, rwaciwe kuwa 25/09/2020; urubanza N° RS/INJUST/RC 00024/2018/SC, haburana Ngizweninshuti Albert na Muhima Giovanni, rwaciwe ku wa 21/02/2020; urubanza N° RS/INJUST/RC 00007/2018/SC, haburana Nditiribambe Samuel, Gatera Johnson n’abandi rwaciwe kuwa 13/03/2020.

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[31] Urukiko rurasanga amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’Avoka abarega basaba bagomba kuyahabwa kuko, nubwo batsindiwe indishyi mbangamirabukungu, hari ibyo bari baregeye mu karengane bagenewe binyuze mu bwumvikane bwakorewe kuri uru rwego mu nama ntegurarubanza, bikaba byarabaye ngombwa ko bishyura Avoka ubahagararira, bakagira n’ibyo bigomwa mu rwego rwo gukurikirana ikirego cyabo. [32] Urukiko rurasanga ariko ayo basaba batayatangira ibimenyetso, mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko bakaba bagenewe bose hamwe 800.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’Avoka. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO: [33] Rwemeje ko ikirego cyo gusubirishamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane urubanza N° RCA 00124/2020/HC/KIG rwaciwe ku wa 25/02/2021 n’Urukiko Rukuru, gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe; [34] Rwemeje ko nta ndishyi mbangamirabukungu Niyonzima Léonidas, Niyigena Feredisa, Ntawiha Evangeline na Muhawenimana Gloriose bagomba guhabwa; [35] Rwemeje ko ikirego cya Mbarubukeye Elisabeth cyerekeye indishyi mbangamirabukungu kitakiriwe; [36] Rutegetse SANLAM AG Plc guha abarega, aribo Niyonzima Léonidas, Niyigena Feredisa, Ntawiha Evangeline, Muhawenimana Gloriose, Mbarubukeye Elisabeth, Nyirababirigi Espérance, Ntacyo Evaritse na Nyirababeruka Evangeline amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’Avoka angana na 800.000 Frw kuri bose.