NIYOYITA v UTB Ltd

# NIYOYITA v UTB Ltd

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2024-11-01 - Case/document no.: RSOCA 00138/2023/HC/KIG - Collection: High Court

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NIYOYITA v UTB Ltd [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU - RSOCA 00138/2023/HC/KIG, CMB RSOCA 00139/2023/HC/KIG (Hitimana, P.J.) 01 Ugushyingo 2024] Amategeko agenga imanza z’umurimo – Isubika ry’amasezerano y’umurimo – Iminsi y’isubikwa ry’amasezerano - Umukozi ntashobora gushyirwa mu gihe cyo kudakora ku mpamvu z’isubika ry’amasezerano y’umurimo kirenze iminsi 90; iyo kirenze bifatwa nk’aho yasezerewe, agahabwa imperekeza ariko ntibyitwa kwirukanwa mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, Niyoyita arega University of Tourism, Technology and Business Studies (UTB Ltd) ko yamwirukanye mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko kuko yamuhaye ibaruwa ku wa 4/5/2020 yamushyiraga mu isubika ry’amasezerano ry’amezi atatu yarangiye ku wa 13/8/2020, yitwara nk’umukozi wasezerewe anasaba uburenganzira bwe mu ibaruwa yabandikiye ku wa 28/9/2020 bamaze kubona iyo baruwa bamwandikira bamusaba kugaruka ku kazi kandi baramushyize mu isubika ry’amasezerano. Urukiko rwasanze ikirego gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe, rwemeza ko yirukanwe mu buryo bunyuranije n’amategeko, rumugenera indishyi zitandukanye. Uregwa yajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko Rukuru, uru rukiko rusuzuma ikibazo cyo kumenya niba uregwa yarirukanwe mu buryo bunyuranyije n'amategeko no kumenya niba yibihererwa indishyi. UTB Ltd ivuga ko Niyoyita yari umukozi wayo ariko bigeze muri Covid, akorerwa amasezerano yihariye kubera ibihe bidasanzwe igihugu cyarimo bitandukanye no gusezererwa kuko mu gihe yari agifite ayo masezerano, yanditse ibaruwa aho yavugaga ko asaba uburenganzira bwe bityo akaba atarirukanwe ahubwo niwe wivanye mu kazi. Niyoyita asobanura ko hari ibaruwa yamuhagaritse ku kazi kandi akaba yari afite amasezerano y’igihe kitazwi ari nabyo urukiko rwashingiyeho rwemeza ko yirukanwe mu buryo bunyuranije n’amategeko. Akomeza avuga ko amasezerano UTB Ltd ivuga ya part-time ni amasezerano aba afite igihe azamara; iyo aza kuba ariyo yashingiweho ntabwo bari kumuha ibaruwa isubika amasezerano y’umurimo. Incamake y’icyemezo: Umukozi ntashobora gushyirwa mu gihe cyo kudakora ku mpamvu z’isubika ry’amasezerano y’umurimo kirenze iminsi 90; iyo kirenze bifatwa nk’aho yasezerewe, agahabwa imperekeza ariko ntibyitwa kwirukanwa mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. Ubujurire bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 66/2018 ryo kuwa 30/8/2018 y’itegeko rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda, ingingo ya 21, 31, 34. Nta manza zifashishijwe

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Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Kuva mu mwaka wa 2007 Niyoyita Mahina Jacob yabaye umukozi wa University of Tourism, Technology and Business Studies (UTB Ltd) ari Directeur Administratif et Financier, agenda ahindurirwa imirimo mu bihe bitandukanye ari nako umushahara uhinduka kugeza mu mwaka wa 2021 batandukana ageze ku mwanya wa Senior Lecturer. Yatanze ikirego avuga ko yasezerewe binyuranyije n’amategeko mu mwanzuro we no mu iburanisha ry’urubanza asobanura ko kuwa 14/5/2020 yakiriye ibaruwa yo kuwa 4/5/2020 yamushyiraga mu isubika ry’amasezerano ry’amezi atatu yarangiye kuwa 13/8/2020 yitwara nk’umukozi wasezerewe anasaba uburenganzira bwe mu ibaruwa yabandikiye kuwa 28/9/2020 bamaze kubona iyo baruwa bamwandikira bamusaba kugaruka ku kazi kandi baramushyize mu isubika ry’amasezerano bavuga ko biturutse ku nama yabaye bemeza guhagarika abakozi ku mpamvu z’ubukungu, akaba yarasabye uburenganzira bwe ntabuhabwe, akaba asaba kurenganurwa agahabwa indishyi yasabye mu mwanzuro. [2] UTB Ltd iregwa ivuga ko urega atigeze asezererwa ahubwo ari we washeshe amasezerano binyuranyije n’amategeko nyuma yo kumwishyurira PhD kandi bari barumvikanye ko azabakorera mu gihe cy’imyaka 4 ibazwe uhereye igihe arangirije amasomo. Akaba rero yarabonye PhD muri Nzeri 2018, akaba yaragombaga gukorera UTB kugeza nibura muri Kamena 2022 ariko akaba yarataye akazi bigatera uregwa igihombo akaba ari we ugomba gucibwa indishyi zasobanuwe mu mwanzuro, ikirego cye kikaba nta gaciro gifite. [3] Ku wa 20/03/2023 Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko ikirego cya Niyoyita Mahina Jacob gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe; rwemeza ko yasezerewe ku kazi binyuranyije n’amategeko; rutegeka UTB Ltd kumuha indishyi zingana na miliyoni cumi n’enye n’ibihumbi ijana na mirongo itandatu na kimwe na magana atanu na mirongo itandatu (14.161.560 Frw); ruyitegeka kumuha igihembo cy’avoka kingana n’ibihumbi Magana atandatu (600.000Frw), naho amafaranga ibihumbi makumyabiri (20.000 Frw) urega yatanzeho ingwate y’amagarama ruvuga ko uregwa azayamusubiza. [4] Niyoyita Mahina Jacob ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza maze ajuririra Urukiko Rukuru rwa Kigali avuga ko urukiko rwibeshye mu kumubarira indishyi zo gusezererwa mu buryo bunyuranyije n'amategeko. [5] UTB Ltd nayo ntiyishimiye imikirize, ijurira ivuga ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwemeje ko Niyoyita Mahina Jacob yirukanywe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko kandi atari ukuri. IBIBAZO BIZASUZUMWA - Gusuzuma Kuba urukiko rwaribeshye mukubarira indishyi zo gusezererwa muburyo bunyuranyije n'amategeko Niyoyita M. Jacob; - Gusuzuma Kuba urukiko rwaritiranyije amafaranga Jacob yasabye igihe yari mu nshingano nka Dean of student ndetse na dean of faculty n'umushahara kandi byari bitandukanye;

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- Gusuzuma Kuba urukiko rwarirengagije inyungu zikomoka k'umushahara ungana na 462 000frs wafatiriwe n'umukoresha igihe kingana n'imyaka itanu kandi twarazisabye n'urukiko rukabisuzuma ariko ntihagir icyo rubivugaho; - Gusuzuma Kuba urukiko rutarahaye agaciro ibimenyetso bya Jacob asaba amafaranga ya supervision; - Gusuzuma Kuba urukiko rwarageneye Niyoyita Mahina Jacob igihembo cya avocat atasabye ntaho rushingiye; - Gusuzuma Kuba urukiko rwaritiranyije amafaranga ya training contract n'umushahara Niyoyita Mahina Jacob yasabaga kandi ntaho bihuriye; - Gusubizwa igihembo cya avocat gihwanye na 1 250 000frs; - Gusuzuma amafaranga y'igarama. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA A. UBUJURIRE BWA UTB Ltd A. Kwongera gusuzuma niba uregwa yarirukanywe mu buryo bunyuranyije n'amategeko no kumenya niba yibihererwa indishyi? [6] Kuruhande rwa UTB Ltd ibyo urukiko rwavuze ntabwo ari ukuri kuko Niyoyita Mahina Jacob, yakorewe amasezerano y'umwihariko arebana n'ibihe twarimo bya COVID 19, yemererwa gukomeza gukora kugeza ukwezi kwa Nzeri kurangiye, ari nayo mpamvu kuvuga ko yabuze amerekero, bityo urukiko rukabishingiraho rukemeza ko rubifata nkaho yasezerewe, ibi UTB Ltd isanga atari ukuri habayeho kwirengagiza ko hari amasezerano yihariye ajyanye nibihe bidasanzwe igihugu cyarimo mu mwaka wa 2020, niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kujurira kugirango urukiko Rukuru rukosore amakosa yakozwe n'Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwemeje ko habayeho kwirukana umukozi mu buryo budakurikije amategeko kandi rwabikoze rwirengagije ko umukozi yagiranye andi masezerano yihariye ajyanye nibihe bidasanzwe bya COVID 19 byatumye habaho isubikwa ry’amasezerano y’abakozi, ariko by’umwihariko Niyoyita Mahina JACOB yakorewe amasezerano yihariye yo kuwa 12/5/2020, impande zombi zayumvikanyeho ko akozwe mu rwego rwo guhangana n'ibihe bya COVID19, kuba rero umukozi yarabirenzeho akandika ibaruwa 25/9/2020 kandi amasezerano agifite agaciro bishimangira neza ko ariwe washeshe amasezerano ku mpamvu ze bwite, UTB Ltd ikaba isanga icyatumye yandika ari uko yashakaga kudakomeza kuyikorera, ariko yirengagije ko afitanye nayo amasezerano yihariye tumaze gusobanura, hakaba nandi masezerano yagiranye na UTB Ltd yo kurihirwa PHD akiyemeza kuyikorera imyaka ine, yaguhera 2018 kugeza 2023 aya nayo yari agifite agaciro, bityo rero kuvuga ko habayeho gusesa amasezerano ntabwo aribyo hashingiye ku masezerano yihariye yasinywe kuwa 12/5/2020, kuri page ya 1,2 na 3 bigaragaza neza ko yari afite amasezerano y’umurimo kuvuga ko Atari afite amerekezo nyuma yo kuwa 13/8/2020 ntabwo ari ukuri, UTB Ltd ikaba isaba urukiko rukuru kwemeza ko umukozi atigeze asezererwa mu buryo budakurikije amategeko ahubwo niwe wivanye mu masezerano yamwemereraga kugumya gukorera UTB Ltd. [7] Ku ruhande rwa Niyoyita Mahina Jacob bavuga ko ibyo UTB LTD isobanura hano ntaho bihuriye n’ukuri kuko urukiko rwashingiye ku ibaruwa yahagaritse Niyoyita M Jacob mu kazi

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ndetse n’amasezerano y’umurimo y’igihe kitazwi, naho ayo masezerano ivuga ya part-time ni amasezerano aba afite igihe azamara; iyo aza kuba ariyo yashingiweho ntabwo bari kwirwa bamuha ibaruwa isubika amasezerano y’umurimo, bitewe n’icyo bise ‘’ECONOMIC HARDSHIP’’ badashaka gukomozaho mu mvugo zabo ahubwo hakabaho kujijisha bakomeza kuvuga kuri iriya kontaro idafite aho ihuriye n’amasezerano yasubitswe. Ahubwo urukiko ruzanatubarize UTB LTD aho ayo masezerano bavuga ahuriye n’ibaruwa isubika amasezerano y’umurimo bahaye Niyoyita M Jacob. Iyo ngingo urukiko rwarayisuzumye mu gika cya 6 n’icya 8 cy’urubanza rwajuririwe; aha ukaba wakwibaza icyo UTB ishingiraho ivuga ko urukiko rwafashe ibintu uko bitari ntinagaragaze itegeko ishingiraho ryirengagijwe cyangwa ryishwe. Ahubwo ikanirengagiza ko ubwayo mu baruwa isubika amasezerano yo kuwa 4/5/2020 yashyikirijwe Jacob kuwa 14/5/2020 mu gika cyayo cya 2 UTB Ltd yashingiye ku ngingo ya 18 y’itegeko n° 66/2018 ryo kuwa 30/08/2018 rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda; ukaba wakwibaza imvugo zayo zivuguruzanya aho izishingira kandi ariyo yishe amategeko nkana. Cfr suspension letter Jacob, transmission of student marks (attachment). Uko Urukiko rubibona [8] Urukiko rurasanga icyo uhagarariye UTB Ltd avuga banenga, basaba uru Rukiko Rukuru gukosora, ni amakosa yakozwe n'Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwemeje ko habayeho kwirukana umukozi mu buryo budakurikije amategeko, ariko ngo ibi rwabikoze rwirengagije ko umukozi yagiranye andi masezerano yihariye ajyanye n’ibihe bidasanzwe bya COVID 19 byatumye habaho isubikwa ry’amasezerano y’abakozi, ariko by’umwihariko Niyoyita Mahina JACOB yakorewe amasezerano yihariye yo kuwa 12/5/2020, impande zombi zayumvikanyeho ko akozwe mu rwego rwo guhangana n'ibihe bya COVID19, kuba rero umukozi yarabirenzeho akandika ibaruwa 25/9/2020 kandi amasezerano agifite agaciro bishimangira neza ko ariwe washeshe amasezerano ku mpamvu ze bwite, UTB Ltd ikaba isanga icyatumye yandika ari uko yashakaga kudakomeza kuyikorera, ariko yirengagije ko afitanye nayo amasezerano yihariye bamaze gusobanura. [9] Urukiko rurasanga nk’uko UTB Ltd ibivuga, koko habayeho gusubika amasezerano y’umurimo y’ibanze (akazi gahoraho), hakorwa amasezerano y’igihe gito (cy’amezi 5), yagombaga kurangira mu kwezi kwa 9,2020. Mu gusesengura uburyo amasezerano yarangiye, ni ngombwa gutandukanya aya masezerano yombi, kuko byumvikana ko uburyo yarangiye butandukanye. [10] Urukiko rurasanga amasezerano y’ibanze, ni ukuvuga ayo Niyoyita Mahina Jacob yari asanzwe akoreraho, ababuranyi bombi bemera ko yahagaritswe kuva mu kwezi kwa 5 kugeza mu kwezi kwa 9, ku mpamvu za Covid19, ariko cyane cyane ku mpamvu za “economic hardship” yatewe n’uko amashuri makuru yari atemerewe gukomeza kwigisha kandi ubukungu bwayo bushingiye ku mafaranga binjizaga aturutse mu banyeshuri. Nk’uko Niyoyita Mahina Jacob abivuga, koko; [11] Urukiko rurasanga ikigaragara ni uko mu ibaruwa yo ku wa 04/5/2020, Niyoyita Mahina Jacob yakiriye ku wa 14/05/2020, yamenyeshwaga ko amasezerano yari afitanye na UTB Ltd abaye ahagaritswe guhera ku wa 1/05/2020 kubera “force majeure” na “economic hardship”, kandi ko muri icyo gihe nta mushahara uzatangwa.

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[12] Mu ibaruwa yayo ihagarika amasezerano, UTB Ltd nayo yashingiye ku ngingo ya 18 y'itegeko N° 66/2018 ryo kuwa 30/8/2018 y’itegeko rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda. Iyi ngingo icyo iteganya ni isubikwa ry’amasezerano y’umurimo, harimo n’isubikwa ry’amasezerano mu gihe ikigo gihagaritse imirimo yacyo by’igihe gito bitewe n'impamvu z’ubukungu cyangwa za tekiniki. Niyo mpamvu UTB Ltd ivuga “economic hardship”. [13] Urukiko rurasanga nk’uko Niyoyita Mahina Jacob abivuga, ingingo ya 21 y'itegeko N° 66/2018 ryo kuwa 30/8/2018 y’itegeko rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda iteganya ko amasezerano adashobora guhagarikwa mu gihe kirenze iminsi 90 mu mwaka umwe. Iyo ngingo ikomeza ivuga ko “Iyo igihe kivugwa mu gika cya mbere cy’iyi ngingo kirenze, bifatwa nk’aho umukozi yasezerewe agahabwa impererekeza ziteganywa n’iri tegeko”. Icyo iyi ngingo igaragaza, ni uko umukozi adategetswe gutegereza igihe cyose umukoresha azavira mu bibazo, ahubwo ingingo imwemerera kuva muri iryo subikwa, agahabwa imperekeza, akaba yajya gushaka akazi ahandi. Niyoyita Mahina Jacob nibyo yasobanuye, ko afata amasezerano nk’aho yarangiye, agasaba ibyo yemererwa n’amategeko. Urukiko rurasanga ariko nk’uko uhagarariye UTB Ltd abivuga, ntabwo kuba Niyoyita Mahina Jacob atarashoboye gukomeza kwihanganira kuguma mu isubikwa ry’amasezerano, ntabwo bivuze ko yirukanwe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, ku buryo yahabwa indishyi zo kwirukanwa mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. Ibyo yasaba, nk’uko ingingo ibivuga, ni imperekeza. [14] Urukiko rurasanga ibyo Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwemeje, mu gika cya 8 cy’urubanza rwajuririwe, ko kuba urega yarasubikiwe amasezerano mu gihe cy’amezi atatu yarangira umukoresha ntamubwire amerekezo y’amasezerano ye, nk’uko abivuga rubona yari yarahise asezererwa kuko iyo bitaba ibyo aba yaragaruwe ku kazi cyangwa se akagira andi mabwiriza ahabwa n’umukoresha adategereje ko amwandikira amubaza amerekezo ye. Ibi Urukiko rwemeje ntabwo bihura n’ibyo amategeko yasobanuwe ateganya, kubera ko icyo ingingo yavuzwe mu gika kibanziriza iki ibiteganya, ni uko iyo igihe cy’iminsi 90 gishize, umukozi afata nk’aho yasezerewe. Ntacyo rero UTB Ltd yasabwaga gukora, ntabwo yasabwaga kumenyesha Niyoyita Mahina Jacab amerekezo, ahubwo niwe wagombaga gutegereza kugeza mu kwezi kwa 9, 2020 nk’uko aricyo gihe cyari cyategenyijwe mu ibaruwa isubika amasezerano, cyangwa agahitamo kubifata nk’aho yasezerewe, agasaba ibyo amategeko ateganya, kandi nibyo yakoze mu ibaruwa yo ku wa 25/09/2020. Bityo ibyo Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwavuze, ko kuba umukoresha yarategereje ko umukozi amwandikira amusaba ibyo amategeko amugenera, akabona kumusaba kugaruka ku kazi rusanga bitabwa agaciro ngo bifatwe nk’aho umukozi ari we wanze akazi, ntabwo ariko ibintu byagombaga kumvikana, kuri UTB Ltd isubika ku mpamvu z’ubukungu ryari rigikomeje kuko ryagombaga kugeza mu kwezi kwa 9, 2020, ntabwo ryarangiye ku wa 13/8/2020 nk’uko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwabyumvise, ahubwo kuri iyi tariki yasinyishijwe amasezerano y’igihe gito kandi yo gukora ku buryo budahoraho (part- time). Byumvikana ko mu gihe yari akiri mu isubikwa ry’amasezerano y’umurimo ahoraho, yumvikanye na UTB Ltd ko yajya akora rimwe na rimwe (part-time), ibyo bikaba bitarakuragaho isubikwa ry’amasezerano nk’uko uhagarariye UTB Ltd abivuga. Niyo mpamvu kuba kuwa 25/9/2020 Niyoyita Mahina Jacob yarasabye ko ahabwa ibyo amategeko amugenera, nibyo koko byubahirije amategeko, ariko ntabwo ari ukwirukanwa mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. Nibyo kandi n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwakomeje ruvuga, ko “mu gihe isubika ry’amasezerano rirangiye umukozi ntagire andi merekezo amenyeshwa aba yasezerewe igisigaye ari ukumuha imperekeza n’ibindi yemererwa nkuko biteganywa mu ngingo ivuzwe haruguru”, iyi ngingo rwavuze icyo iteganya nyine ni imperekeza, n’ibindi umukoresha yaba amugomba, ariko ntaho iteganya ko uyu mukozi aba yirukanywe mu buryo bunyuranyije

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n’amategeko kandi ko agomba kubihererwa indishyi. Niyo mpamvu Urukiko Rukuru rusanga amasezerano Niyoyita Mahina Jacob yararangiye koko, ariko ntabwo yirukanywe, nta n’ubwo yirukanywe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, bityo indishyi zo kwirukanwa mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, zingana n’amafaranga 6.381.410, Niyoyita Mahina Jacob yagenewe, zigomba kuvaho. B. Kwongera gusuzuma niba Niyoyita Mahina yahabwa indishyi zo gusezererwa binyuranyije n'amategeko? [15] Kuruhande rwa UTB Ltd, Mu gika cya 13 urukiko rwafashe ibintu uko bitari nk'uko twabigaragaje ahabanza kuvuga ko ameze atatu ya suspension yarangiye umukoresha ntagire icyo amumenyesha ntabwo ari ukuri kuko twagaragarije urukiko ko kuri Niyoyita Mahina JACOB yari azi neza ko afitanye amasezerano na UTB Ltd yo gukomeza kuyikorera ibyo bigaragazwa n'amasezerano yasinye kuwa 12/5/20220 yamwemereraga gukomeza gukora kugeza ukwezi kwa 9 kurangiye ariko we ntiyategereje ko arangira ahita yandika kuwa 25/9/2020 asezera mu kazi avuga ko yahabwa imperekeza ntaho biba ko yasaba imperekeza ariwe usheshe amasezerano ahubwo we agomba kuzitanga Icya kabili ntabwo yari guafatwa nk'uwasezerewe kandi azi neza ko nubwo amashuri yari yarafunzwe kubera icyorezo cya COVID 19 kuri we byari ihame ko amashuli atangiye yari mu bagomba gukomeza kwigisha kuko yari afitanye na UTB Ltd amasezerano yo kuyikorera imyaka itanu kandi ayo yari agifite agaciro kayo ari nabyo bigaragaraza ko yari yifitiye izindi mpamvu ze ku giti cye zatumye adakomeza gukora muri UTB Ltd imwe rero ni uko yakwepaga kwishyura inguzanyo yahawe yo kwiga PHD, UTB Ltd ntabwo yumva uko yasubira inyuma akajijisha urukiko arubwira ko yirukanwe kugirango ahabwe andi mafaranga nandi yishyuriwe atarayishyuye akanga no kuyigishiriza, UTB Ltd ikaba isanga indishyi yahawe nta shingiro kuko ntabwo yirukanwe nta kimenyetso na kimwe cyo kumwirukana yeretse urukiko, ahubwo yanze kugaruka mu kazi ubwo amashuli yaratangiye. [16] Kuruhande rwa Niyoyita Mahina Jacob, avuga ko ibyo UTB LTD isobanura nta shingiro byahabwa; kuko amasezerano yasubitswe adafite aho ahuriye navugwa na UTB yo kuwa 12/5/2020; kuvuga rero ko atirukanywe si ukuri kuko Niyoyita Mahina Jacob yabaye mu gihe cy’isubikwa ry’amasezerano y’umurimo igihe cy’amezi ane arenga kugeza ubwo yibarije amaherezo ye asaba n’ibyo mategeko amuteganyiriza UTB ikabona kumuhamagara ngo agaruke mu kazi batitaye kubyo bamuvukije cyane ko mu isubikwa ry’amasezerano y’umurimo Niyoyita Mahina Jacob atari akwiye guherwaho; bitewe n’uko amategeko abiteganya ndetse n’umumaro yari afitiye ikigo kivugira ko cyari cyaramwishyuriye amashuri; kuko usibye no kumuhagarika bahise banahagarika kumuteganyiriza nk’umukozi muri RSSB; ndetse n’ubwishingizi bwe bwo kwivuza n’umurwango we wose. Akaba dusanga rero urukiko rutarigeze rufata ibintu uko bitari cyane ko rwashingiye ku mategeko cyane cyane mu kika cya 12 cy’urubanza rwajuririwe. Uko Urukiko rubibona [17] Muri iyi ngingo y’ubujurire, UTB Ltd inenga kuba Niyoyita Mahina Jacob yaragenewe indishyi zo kwirukanwa mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. N’ubwo Niyoyita Mahina Jacob ashimangira ko yirukanywe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, ariko nk’uko byasobanuwe hasuzumwa ingingo yabanjirije iyi, ntabwo yirukanywe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, bityo n’indishyi zo kwirukanwa mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko zigomba kuvaho.

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C. Kwongera gusuzuma niba yahabwa imperekeza zijyanye no gusezererwa mu kazi mu buryo bunyuranuyije n'amategeko kandi ariwe wivanye mu kazi? [18] Kuruhande rwa UTB Ltd, uyihagarariye avuga ko mu gihe UTB Ltd igaragaza ko ntawamusezereye ndetse ko amasezerano ye y’akazi yari agikomeza isanga ikibazo cya Niyoyita Mahina Jacob gitandukanye nibivugwa mu ngingo ya 31 y'itegeko N° 66/2018 ryo kuwa 30/8/2018 rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda, kuko iyi ngingo yifshishwa mu gihe bigaragaye ko umukozi yasezerewe ariko nk'uko UTB yabigaragarije ibimenyetso by'amasezerano Niyoyita yagiranye nabo ntabwo yigeze asezererwa icyakozwe ni suspension kubera ibihe barimo kandi bikaba byumvikana ko amashuli yari afunzwe byemejwe na Minisiteri y'uburezi ariko byumwihariko Niyoyita Mahina Jacob we yahise yicarana na UTB Ltd bakora amasezerano agendanye n’ibihe ikigo n'igihugu byarimo ahabwa amasezerano y'amezi atanu mu rwego rwo gukemura ikibazo cyari gihari we yemerewe gukomeza akazi kandi ubwe yarabyemeye aha urukiko rwagombye gususuma niba koko hari impamvu yaturutse kuri UTB Ltd yari gutuma atakaza akazi ntayo kuko yari imukeneye ninayo mpamvu yahawe amasezerano yihariye yo kuzayikorera imyaka itanu akanahabwa amasezerano yihariye y'amezi atanu yose yashyikirijwe urukiko, hashingiwe ku busobanuro UTB Ltd itanze no kubimenyetso by'amasezerano impande zombi zifitanye akaba nta ndishyi zo kumuherekeza akwiye. [19] Kuruhande rwa Niyoyita Mahina Jacob, avuga ko ibi UTB ivuga nta shingiro byahabwa kuko ibyo Niyoyita Mahina Jacob asaba bishingiye ku ibaruwa isubika amasezerano ye yo kuwa 4/5/2020 (suspension of your employment contract) ibi rero urukiko rwarabisuzumye; rubisobanura mu gika cya 18 cy’urubanza rwajuririwe. Uko Urukiko rubibona [20] Urukiko rurasanga muri iyi ngingo y’ubujurire, icyo uhagarariye UTB Ltd anenga, ni uko Niyoyita Mahina Jacob yagenewe amafaranga y’imperekeza hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 31 y'itegeko N° 66/2018 ryo kuwa 30/8/2018 rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda, kandi iyi ngingo yifashishwa mu gihe bigaragaye ko umukozi yasezerewe nyamara Niyoyita Mahina Jacob we ataba atarigeze asezererwa, ahubwo yasubikiwe amasezerano. Urukiko rurasanga ibyo UTB Ltd ivuga nta shingiro bifite kubera ko nk’uko byasobanuwe, iri subika ry’amasezerano niryo rifatwa, iyo rirengeje iminsi 90, nk’isezererwa. Nibyo ingingo ya 21 y’itegeko rimaze kuvuga iteganya, ko “Iyo igihe kivugwa mu gika cya mbere cy’iyi ngingo kirenze, bifatwa nk’aho umukozi yasezerewe agahabwa impererekeza ziteganywa n’iri tegeko”. Imperekeza iyi ngingo ivuga, ari nazo Niyoyita Mahina Jacob yahawe, nizo ziteganywa n’ingingo ya 31y’itegeko rimaze kuvugwa. Ntaho rero Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwanyuranyije n’itegeko. Kubera impamvu zimaze gusobanurwa, iyi ngingo y’ubujurire nta shingiro ifite. D. Kwongera gusuzuma niba hari amafaranga atahawe ya Dean of student na communication 2015 kugeza 2020? [21] Kuruhande rwa UTB LTD UTB Ltd isanga uko urukiko rwasesenguye ikibazo aribyo ariko ku bijyanye n’amafaranga y'umwaka rwategetse akwiye kuvanwaho kuko ibisobanuro UTB Ltd yagaragaje ko uwo mwanya atawukoze byari bihagije kugirango urukiko rufate umwanzuro wo kutagira ifaranga na rimwe rumugenera, UTB Ltd ikaba isaba Urukiko Rukuru kongera kubisuzumana ubushishoje rukabona ko uwo mwanya uretse ibaruwa ashingiraho ntabwo yigeze

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awuhemberwa n'umunsi n’umwe bivuze ko atigeze awukora aramutse yarawukoze yari guhabwa amafaranga avuga ko atahawe cyangwa akaba yarayasabye guhera 2015 ariko ntabyo yakoze. [22] Kuruhande rwa Niyoyita Mahina Jacob, avuga ko UTB Ltd nta shingiro ifite kuko ubwayo yivugira ko Niyoyita Mahina Jacob yahawe ibaruwa imugira dean of student; ariko ikaba itagaragaza ikimenyetso, ishingiraho ivuga ko ayo mafaranga atari akwiye kuyahabwa. Uko Urukiko rubibona [23] Urukiko rurasanga icyo UTB Ltd inenga, ni uko Niyoyita Mahina Jacob yahawe amafaranga ya communication yo ku mwanya wa Dean of Faculty muri Campus ya Rubavu guhera mu mwaka wa 2015 kugeza mu mwaka wa 2020. N’ubwo Niyoyita Mahina Jacob avuga ko yagaragaje ikimenyetso cy’ibaruwa imuha uwo mwanya, ariko nk’uko UTB Ltd ibivuga ntabwo iyo baruwa ihagije mu gihe atagaragaza ko uwo mwanya yawukoze koko ngo anasobanure ibyo yagiye akora. Nk’uko kandi uhagarariye UTB Ltd abivuga, Niyoyita Mahina Jacob yagombye kugaragaza ko aya mafaranga yigeze ayishyuza, ibyo bikamubera ikimenyetso ko yakoze kuri uwo mwanya koko. Kuba atagaragaza ko kuva mu mwaka wa 2015 yigeze yishyuza byibuze inshuro imwe, bishimangira ibyo UTB Ltd ivuga ko uyu mwanya atigeze awukoramo, bityo amafaranga 240.000 yagenewe akwiye kuvanwaho nka communication akaba adakwiye kuyahabwa. E. Kwongera gusuzuma niba yahabwa indishyi zo kudahabwa icyemezo cy'imirimo yakoze kandi yaragihawe 21/10/2020; [24] Uhagarariye UTB LTD avuga ko kuba urukiko rwariboneye ko yagisabye mu kugihabwa hakarengaho iminsi cumi 15, rwarangiza rugategeka ko ahabwa indishyi z'ukwezi bidakwiye kuko rwagombaga kubona ko yagihawe nk'uko itegeko ribiteganya nta nenge n’imwe yigeze igaragara mu cyemezo, ntabwo UTB Ltd yakimwimye, ikindi kigomba kurebwa ntabwo yamusezereye ngo tuvuge ko aba yarahise gihabwa, aha buri wese yakwibaza mu gihe usabye icyemezo mu kigo mu buryo busanzwe n’inzira binyuramo kuba byamara iminsi 15, ni ibintu bisanzwe, ingingo ya 34 y'itegeko ry'umurimo igaruka k’uwanze ku gitanga ntabwo rero urega hari ikimenyetso atanga ko banze kukimuha ntabwo babyanze kuko banamusabaga kugaruka ku kazi bitandukanye no kuba wanze ku gitanga UTB Ltd ikaba isanga izi ndishyi zidakwiye kuko yaba ihawe igihano nk’uwagaragaje kwanga ku gitanga kandi itarigeze yanga ku kimuha. [25] Niyoyita Mahina Jacob avuga ko urukiko rwarabitanzeho umurongo mu gika cya 38, ibyo UTB ibyo inenga icyemezo cy’urukiko kandi rwarasobanuye ko cyatanzwe nyuma y’iminsi 15 itegenywa n’itegeko kandi yaragisabye ntagihabwe; akaba asanga iyi ngingo nayo itahabwa agaciro kuruhande rwa UTB LTD. Uko Urukiko rubibona [26] Uhagarariye UTB Ltd avuga ko nta ndishyi zo kudahabwa icyemezo cy’imirimo yakozwe, kubera ko yagisabye mu kugihabwa harengaho iminsi cumi 15. Nk’uko Niyoyita Mahina Jacob abivuga, UTB Ltd nayo yemera ko iminsi 15 yarenze icyemezo itarakimuha. Kandi ingingo ya 34 y'itegeko N° 66/2018 ryo kuwa 30/8/2018 rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda, icyo ifata nko kwanga gutanga icyemezo cy’imirimo yakozwe, ni ukurenza iyi minsi 15 uhereye igihe umukoresha asabiwe iki cyemezo. Kuba rero UTB Ltd yaraciwe indishyi zo kudatanga icyemezo, ntaho

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Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwanyuranyije n’amategeko, ariyo mpamvu iyi ngingo y’ubujurire nta shingiro ifite. F. Kwongera gusuzuma amafaranga ya Part-Time avuga ko atishyuwe? [27] Uhagarariye UTB LTD avuga ko atemeranywa n’ibyavuzwe n’urukiko mu gika cya 40 cya kopi y’urubanza kuko amasezerano yagaragajwe ndetse hagaragazwa n’uburyo yishyurwamo, urukiko rwagombaga gusuzuma niba yarishyuwe cyangwa atarahawe amafaranga ariko ntabyo rwakozwe niyo mpamvu bongeye kugaragariza urukiko amafaranga yishyuwe n’inyandiko zibigaragaza bityo ayo yagenewe agakurwaho yose kuko yarishyurwaga igihe cyose yujuje ibisabwa muri finance. [28] Niyoyita Mahina Jacob avuga ko iki kibazo Urukiko rwagisuzumye rugitangaho umurongo, mu gika cya 41 cy’urubanza rwajuririwe; kuba rero UTB itarishimiye ibyemezo yafatiwe, ntiyabyitwaza, usibye gutinza uru rubanza. Uko Urukiko rubibona [29] Urukiko rurasanga muri iyi ngingo, UTB Ltd ivuga ko yagaragarije Urukiko ko Niyoyita Mahina Jacob yishyuwe amafaranga y’umushahara ujyanye na part- time. Ibi ariko nta shingiro bifite kuko ntagaragaza ibyo bimenyetso bigaragaza ko yishyuye ibyo aribyo. G. Kongera gusuzuma niba akwiye gusubizwa 462,000Frw

yafatiriwe atabitangiye uburenganzira? [30] UTB LTD isanga aya mafaranga atagomba kuyahabwa kuko nta kimenyetso agaragaza cyerekana ko yayakaswe, kuba urukiko rwarafashe icyemezo rushingiye ko impande zombi ziyemera ntabwo aribyo kuko nta nahamwe UTB Ltd yigeze iyemera bityo icyo cyemezo kigomba guhinduka Urukiko Rukuru rukemeza ko nta shingiro ryayo. [31] Niyoyita Mahina Jacob avuga ko iyi ngingo nayo urukiko rwarayisuzumye mu gika cya 44 cy’urubanza rwajuririwe, kuko na UTB ijya kuyamukata itabanje kubaza umukozi ngo abyemere, yirengagije amategeko cyane cyane ingingo ya 73 y'itegeko rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda. Uko Urukiko rubibona [32] Urukiko rurasanga muri iyi ngingo y’ubujurire, uhagarariye UTB Ltd anenga kuba Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwarategetse ko Niyoyita Mahina Jacob asubizwa amafaranga 460.000 yakaswe ku mushahara we atabitangiye uburenganzira, nyamara nta bimenyetso yabitangiye. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwavuze ko ababuranyi bayemeranywaho, bityo ko akwiye kuyahabwa. Ariko nk’uko uhagarariye UTB Ltd abivuga, ntaho bigaragara ko yemeye ko aya mafaranga yakaswe, kuko mu gika cya 43, ikigaragara ni uko UTB Ltd yavuze ko uretse kuba Niyoyita Mahina Jacob abivuga nta kimenyetso abigaragariza. Uyihagariye yanavuze kandi ko n’iyo byaba byarabayeho, haba harabayeho ubuzime kuko avuga ko yayakaswe mu mwaka wa 2015, imyaka 2 ikaba yararenze atarayishyuza. Nk’uko UTB Ltd ibivuga, nta kimenyetso Niyoyita Mahina Jacob abigaragariza, kandi imyaka 2 y’ubuzime yarenze atarayaregera kandi kuba yarigeze kuyishyuza mu mwaka wa 2015, 2016 na 2018 bitahagaritse ubuzime, kubera ko nk’uko ingingo ya 76

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y'itegeko N° 66/2018 ryo kuwa 30/8/2018 rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda ibiteganya, ubuzime buhagarikwa n’uko umukoresha akoze umubaruro w’amafaranga, iyo ikirego gishyikirijwe intumwa z’abakozi, iyo gishyikirijwe umugenzuzi w’umurimo, cyangwa iyo gishyikirijwe Urukiko, kandi ibi ntaho byakozwe. Bityo aya mafaranga agomba gukurwaho. H. Gusuzuma ingano y'amafaranga yishyuwe Niyoyita Jacob kugirango akurwe muyo aregera? [33] UTB LTD UTB Ltd, Nkuko bigaragara mu mbonerahamwe igaragaza amafaranga yishyuwe guhera 2020 kugeza 2023 yaramaze kwishyurwa yose hamwe 3,645,400Frw, nk'uko bigaragara ku matariki ari mu mbonerahamwe iri kuri attachement. [34] Niyoyita Mahina Jacob avuga ko ibyo UTB inenga ntashingiro byahabwa, kuko ayo mafaranga bavuga bagaragaza n’na konti zitandukanye bagaragaje bagiye bishyuraho ataribyo kuko konti Niyoyita Mahina Jacob yabahaye yahemberwagaho ari iyo muri COGEBANK gusa kandi ayo mafaranga bavuga nto yigeze abona kuri konti ye. Uko Urukiko rubibona [35] Urukiko rurasanga muri iyi ngingo, UTB Ltd ivuga ko mu mafaranga Niyoyita Mahina Jocob agomba guhabwa hakurwamo amafaranga 3,645,400, ariko nk’uko Niyoyita Mahina Jacob abivuga, ntibagaragaza uburyo bayishyuye n’icyo babaga barimo kwishyura. Bityo ntabwo Urukiko rwategeka ko akurwamo kandi nta bimenyetso bigaragazwa by’uburyo yageze kuri Niyoyita Mahina Jacob, kuko we ayahakana. I. Kwongera gusuzuma indishyi zijyanye n’ikurikiranarubanza n'igihembo cy'Umwavoka? [36] UTB LTD isanga indishyi zirebana n'urubanza arizo ikurikiranarubanza n'igihembo cy'umwavoka zigomba gukurwaho mu gihe cyose urukiko rwemeje ko Niyoyita ntawamusezereye ahubwo ko ariwe wataye akazi kandi amasezerano ye agifite agaciro [37] Niyoyita Mahina Jacob avuga ko iyi ngingo ntashingiro ifite kuko nacyo, urukiko rwaragisuzumye mu gika cya 58 cy’urubanza rwajuririwe kuba UTB ishaka ko urukiko rushingira ku marangamutima yayo, ni ukwirengagiza amategeko. Uko Urukiko rubibona [38] Urukiko rurasanga ibyo UTB Ltd isaba muri iyi ngingo y’ubujurire, ko amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka Niyoyita Mahina Jacob yari yagenewe avanwaho kubera ko ariwe wataye akazi, nta shingiro bifite kubera ko n’ubwo koko byemejwe ko atirukanywe, ariko hari izindi ngingo z’ikirego zifite ishingiro, ariyo mpamvu ayo mafaranga agomba kugumaho. J. Kwongera gusuzuma niba Niyoyita Mahina JACOB yategekwa kwishyura frw yishyuriwe yiga PHD hashingiwe ku masezerano impande zombi zagiranye?

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[39] UTB LTD ivuga ko hashingiwe ku masezerano impande zombi zagiranye Niyoyita Mahina Jacob akiyemeza gukorera UTB mu gihe cy'imyaka itanu urukiko rwafata amafaranga yatangiwe yiga agategekwa kuyishyura inyandiko ziyagaragaza urukiko rurazisanga muri attachment. [40] Niyoyita Mahina Jacob avuga ko ntashingiro UTB ifite yo kwishyuza ayo mafaranga kuko ubwayo ariyo yasubitse amasezerano y’iremezo ayo masezerano yandi yarashingiyeho; bivuze ko nubwo UTB yishyuriye Jacob PHD itigeze iha agaciro ubumenyi umukozi yari ifite agahagarikwa mbere y’abandi hirengagijwe ibyo yamutanzeho yiga. Iki kikaba kinagaragaza cyane ukwivuguruza UTB yifitemo kuko ntaho yemerako yasubitse amasezerano y’umurimo ya Niyoyita Mahina Jacob. Uko Urukiko rubibona [41] Urukiko rurasanga icyo UTB isaba muri iyi ngingo y’ubujurire, ni uko Niyoyita Mahina Jacob yakubahiriza amasezerano bagiranye, aho yiyemeje gukorera UTB mu gihe cy'imyaka itanu urukiko rwafata amafaranga yatangiwe yiga agategekwa kuyishyura inyandiko ziyagaragaza urukiko rurazisanga muri attachment. Ariko nk’uko Niyoyita Mahina Jacob abivuga, nk’uko kandi Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwabibonye, UTB Ltd niyo yasheshe amasezerano. N’ubwo uru Rukiko Rukuru rwasanze itarayasheshe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, ariko niyo yahisemo guhagarika amasezerano (suspension), aribyo byavuyemo iseswa ryayo kuko iryo hagarikwa ryarengeje iminsi 90, itegeko rikaba riteganya, nk’uko byasobanuwe, ko iyo iyi minsi irenze umukozi yemerewe kwifata nk’uwasezerewe. Ntabwo Niyoyita Mahina Jacob yasabwa kugira icyo asubiza UTB Ltd kandi atariwe washeshe amasezerano, ahubwo niyo yabuze ubushobozi bwo gukomeza kumukoresha. H. Kumutegeka gusubiza igarama yatanze arega. [42] Uhagarariye UTB LTD asaba Urukiko Rukuru gutegeka Niyoyita Mahina Jacob amafaranga yatanzeho ingwate y’amagarama. [43] Niyoyita Mahina Jacob avuga ko nta shingiro bifite. Uko Urukiko rubibona [44] Urukiko rurasanga UTB Ltd itasubizwa igarama kubera ko hari impamvu zayo z’ubujurire zidafite ishingiro. B. UBUJURIRE BWA Niyoyita Mahina Jacob 1. Gusuzuma niba urukiko rwaribeshye mukubarira indishyi zo gusezererwa muburyo bunyuranyije n'amategeko Niyoyita M. Jacob. [45] Niyoyita Mahina Jacob avuga ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwibeshye mukubarira indishyi urega nk'uko amategeko abiteganya, kuko Niyoyita Mahina Jacob yari amaze igihe kingana n'imyaka 149 (14years) akorera umukoresha umwe, akaba asaba Urukiko rujuririwe ko rwazabarira NiyoyitaMA Mahina Jacob izo ndishyi mu buryo bukurikira : indishyi zo gusezererwa mu buryo bunyuranyije n'amategeko: 911.630Frw x 9 mois = 8.204.670Frw.

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[46] UTB LTD ivuga ko Niyoyita Mahina Jacob ariwe wasezeye ku bushake mu kazi bityo nta ndishyi akwiye guhabwa ahubwo niwe wakagombye kuzishyura kubwo kuba yararihiwe kwiga PHD yarangiza akagenda atubahirije amasezerano yagiranye na UTB Ltd mu gihe urukiko rwabona ko azikwiye hashingirwa ku itegeko ndetse n'ibimenyetso bigaragaza igihe yatangiriye akazi ndetse n’umubare nyawo w'igihembo yahembwaga kugirango biherweho habakumubarira. Uko Urukiko rubibona [47] Urukiko rurasanga muri iyi ngingo y’ubujurire, Niyoyita Mahina Jacob asaba kubarirwa indishyi zo kwirukanwa mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko zingana n’imishahara ye y’amezi 9, mu mwanya w’indishyi zingana n’imishahara ye y’amezi 7 yari yabariwe, kubera ko avuga ko yari afite uburambe bugera ku myaka 14. [48] Urukiko rurasanga atari ngombwa gusuzumwa niba Niyoyita Mahina Jacob akwiye kubarirwa indishyi zo kwirukanwa mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, zingana n’imishahara ye y’amezi 9, kubera ko ahubwo n’izo yari yagenewe zingana n’imishahara y’amezi 7 ntazo yagombaga guhabwa, kubera ko nk’uko byasobanuwe, ntabwo yirukanywe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. 2. Gusuzuma niba urukiko rwaritiranyije amafaranga Jacob yasabye igihe yari mu nshingano nka Dean of student ndetse na dean of faculty n'umushahara kandi byari bitandukanye; [49] Niyoyita Mahina Jacob avuga ko Urukiko rwitiranyije amafaranga Jacob yasabye mu gihe yari mu nshingano nka Dean of student ndetse ari na Dean of Faculty; kuko izo zari inshingano nshya yahawe kandi azihabwa mu bihe bitandukanye ndetse n'umushahara we ntiwahinduka, ariko mu mategeko ari interne y'ikigo izo avantages yari azemerewe ntiyazihabwa n'umukoresha kandi mu by’ukuri yaramuhaye amabaruwa amuha izo nshingano; kandi zikaba zari zinateganyijwe muri UTB Internal regulations mu ngingo zayo za 91-92 (zisobanura responsibility allowences na communication allowences). Urukiko mukubisobanura, rukavugako atayahabwa ngo kuko habayeho ubuzime rwirengagije ko atari umushahara nyamara hari n'ibaruwa yanditse asaba izo avantage nk'umuntu warusize umuryango agiye gukorera ahandi; nk'uko urukiko rwabisobanuye mu gika cya 21 cy'urubanza rujuririrwa; aho usanga ayo mafaranga yaritiranyijwe n'umushahara kandi bitandukanye; nyamara mu gika cya 22 cy'urubanza rujuririrwa ugasanga urukiko rwaratanze gusa amafaranga ya communication y'umwaka umwe gusa ahwanye na 240.000 frs kandi akiri Dean of student kandi n'izindi allowences bari bazisabye urukiko ntiruzitange. Kubw’izo mpamvu rero; asaba urukiko rujuririwe kumuha ayo mafaranga yose yasabye kandi akanabitangira ibimenyetso. Amafaranga yari yasabye abaze mu buryo bukurikira: - Responsibility allowences as dean of student: 150.000 Frw ku kwezi kuva kuva 5/2/2013 kugeza 1/2014 bityo akaba asaba: 150 000 Frw x 12mois = 1.800. 000Frw - Responsibility allowences as Dean of faculty muri Campus ya RUBAVU guhera 01/2015 kugeza mukwa 9/2020: 150 000f rs x 68mois (5ans 8mois) = 10 200 000frs Communication allowances as Dean of faculty: 20.000Frw x 68mois=1 360 000Frw. [50] Uhagarariye UTB LTD avuga ibyasobanuwe n'urukiko mu gika cya 21 bifite ishingiro kuko igihe cyo guhabwa ayo mafaranga cyaramurenganye ku buryo habayemo ubuzime, ikindi hari naho agaragaza ko yahawe ibaruwa ariko ntibisobanuye ko agomba guhemberwa iyo poste iri

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munyandiko hakurikijwe ubushobozi bwari buhari icyo gihe ibyakozwe byari mu nyungu rusange z'ikigo kugiran go Inspection y'ibigo ishobore kubafasha guhambwa andi mashami, ibyakozwe rero byari mu nyungu rusange z'ikigo. Uko Urukiko rubibona [51] Urukiko rurasanga muri iyi ngingo y’ubujurire, icyo Niyoyita Mahina Jacob anenga, ni uko urukiko rwemeje ko habayeho ubuzime, ariko ibi ngo rukaba rwarabishingiye ku kuba rwaritiranyije amafaranga yasabaga ya allowances n’aya communications n’umushahara, byumvikana ko aya mafaranga atari kubarirwaho ubuzime bw’imyaka 2, iteganywa n’ingingo ya 76 y’itegeko rigenga umurimo (2018) kubera ko aya mafaranga atari umushahara. [52] Urukiko rurasanga ingingo ya ingingo ya 3, 29°, y’itegeko rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda (2018) isobanura ko umushahara ari umushahara w’ibanze umukozi ahembwa hiyongereyeho indamunite kubera akazi yakoze. Ni ukuvuga ko amafaranga yose umukozi ahabwa kubera akazi yakoze afatwa nk’umushahara. Niyo mpamvu amafaranga Niyoyita Mahina Jacob asaba yagombaga guhabwa kubera ko ari kumwanya wa Dean of Student na Dean of Faculty, RUBAVU Campus, ari umushahara. Ntaho rero Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwibeshye mu gihe rwayabariraga ubuzime nk’umushahara. [53] Urukiko rurasanga ku byerekeye amafaranga ya Communication, nayo akaba ari umushahara, n’ubwo Niyoyita Mahina Jacob avuga ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwari rwamubariye amafaranga make, ariko Urukiko rwasanze, ku bujurire bwa UTB Ltd, n’aya mafaranga yagenewe ntayo yagombaga guhabwa kubera ko no kuri yo habayeho ubuzime, kubera avuga ko ari ayo mu mwaka wa 2015, kandi ubuzime ari imyaka 2. C. Gusuzuma Kuba urukiko rwarirengagije inyungu zikomoka k'umushahara ungana na 462 000frs wafatiriwe n'umukoresha igihe kingana n'imyaka itanu kandi barazisabye n'urukiko rukabisuzuma ariko ntihagire icyo rubivugaho; [54] Niyoyita Mahina Jacob avuga ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwamugeneye amafaranga 462.000 yari yakaswe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, ariko ntirwamugenera inyungu zayo, akaba asaba ko yagenerwa izo nyungu z'amafaranga 462 000 frs umukoresha yafatiriye kugeza igihe uru rubanza ruzacibwa habariye habariye kugkigereranyo rusange ku nguzanyo y’igihe gito gishyirwaho na Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda gihwanye na 6% zikabarwa kuburyo bukurikira: 462 000frs* 6/100* 7 year igezemo bataramuha ayo mafaranga. [55] Uhagarariye UTB LTD avuga ko ibyo urega asaba nta shingiro ryabyo kuko nta mwenda wa 462,000 Frw UTB Ltd imufitiye bityo nta n'inyungu zawo urukiko rwagena tukaba dusanga kuba urukiko rutaragennye indishyi rwabikoze mu bushishozi bwarwo tukaba dusaba urukiko rukuru kwemeza ko nta mwenda UTB Ltd imufitiye bityo ko n'inyungu zisabwa nta shingiro. Uko Urukiko rubibona [56] Muri iyi ngingo y’ubujurire, Niyoyita Mahina Jacob asaba inyungu z’amafaranga 460.000 avuga ko yakaswe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko mu mwaka wa 2015. Iki kibazo cyongeye gusuzumwa ku bujurire bwa UTB Ltd, urukiko rusanga harabayeho ubuzime, kubera

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ko imyaka 2 y’ubuzime yarenze atarayaregera kandi kuba yarigeze kuyishyuza mu mwaka wa 2015, 2016 na 2018 bitahagaritse ubuzime, kubera ko nk’uko ingingo ya 76 y'itegeko N° 66/2018 ryo kuwa 30/8/2018 rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda ibiteganya, ubuzime buhagarikwa n’uko umukoresha akoze umubaruro w’amafaranga, iyo ikirego gishyikirijwe intumwa z’abakozi, iyo gishyikirijwe umugenzuzi w’umurimo, cyangwa iyo gishyikirijwe Urukiko, kandi ibi ntaho byakozwe. Kuba Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze ahubwo aya mafaranga UTB Ltd yari yategetswe kumuha agomba gukurwaho, byumvikana ko na nyungu zayo zigomba gutangwa. D. Gusuzuma kuba urukiko rutarahaye agaciro ibimenyetso bya Jacob asaba amafaranga ya supervision; [57] Niyoyita Mahina Jacob avuga ko yashikirije ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko Niyoyita Mahina Jacob hari abanyeshuri yafashije; nyamara UTB nayo ubwayo ntihakana ko hari abanyeshuri Jacob yafashije. Tukaba dusaba urukiko rujuririwe ko rwategeka uregwa kwishyura Jacob Niyoyita Mahina ayo mafranga ahwanye na 3.225.000Frw nk'uko anagaragara kuri liste ya supervision bashyikirije urukiko. [58] Uhagarariye UTB LTD avuga ko ibyo Niyoyita Mahina Jacob avuga ko atahawe amafaranga ya supervision akagaragaza lisiti, asanga bidahagije kwerekana lisiti kuko ntacyo agaragaza ko koko supervison yakozwe no kwerekana aho yaba yaranditse yishyuza nikigaragaza ko atishyuwe kandi tumenyesha urukiko ko ibyo asaba nta shingiro byahabwa. Uko Urukiko rubibona [59] Urukiko rurasanga n’ubwo Niyoyita Mahina Jacob asaba uru Rukiko Rukuru gutegeka ko yishyurwa 3.225.000Frw nk'uko anagaragara kuri liste ya supervision bashyikirije urukiko, ntagaragaza icyo anenga ku rubanza rwajuririwe, kandi aricyo cyagombye gusumwa ku rwego rw’ubujurire. Nk’uko kandi UTB Ltd abivuga, ntabwo agaragaza supervison yakozwe no kwerekana aho yaba yaranditse yishyuza kuko aya mafaranga ntabwo yasabwa bwa mbere mu Rukiko kandi hari inzira binyuramo kugira ngo ngo byemezwe ko yakoze supervision, ibyo bikaba bitagaragazwa. E. Gusuzuma Kuba urukiko rwarageneye Niyoyita Mahina Jacob igihembo cya avocat atasabye ntaho rushingiye; [60] Kuruhande rwa Niyoyita Mahina Jacob avuga ko kuba urukiko rwarageneye Niyoyita Mahina Jacob igihembo cya Avocat gihwanye na 600 000frs ntaho gishingiye kandi atari nacyo yari yasabye rwirengagije ko avocat ariwe wateguye inyandiko zitandukaye ndetse n'ikirego kuva iki kibazo cyatangira usanga harimo akarenga ari nayo mpamvu n'iyi ngingo ayijuririye asaba igihembo cyari cyasabwe cya 2 500 000frs kuko ntaho binyuranyije n'amategeko. [61] Kuruhande rwa UTB LTD Urukiko rwagennye amafaranga y'igihembo rwabikoze mu bushishozi bwarwo kandi na UTB Ltd isanga ayagennye atagomba gutangwa kuko rwagaragaje ko urega ariwe wisezereye mu kazi bityo mu gihe byagaragara ko yivanye mu kazi niwe ugomba kwirengera ibihembo by'aba Avocats kuko niwe nyirabayazana w'imanza. Uko Urukiko rubibona

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[62] N’ubwo Niyoyita Mahina Jacob avuga ko yagombaga guhabwa amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka angana na 2.500.000 kuko ariyo yari yasabye, ntagaragaza icyo ashingiraho avuga ko yagombaga guhabwa ayo asabye. Bityo nta shingiro iyi ngingo y’ubujurire ufite. [63] F. Gusuzuma Kuba urukiko rwaritiranyije amafaranga ya training contract n'umushahara Niyoyita Mahina Jacob yasabaga kandi ntaho bihuriye. [64] Kuruhande rwa Niyoyita Mahina Jacob avuga ko urukiko rwitiranyije amafaranga ya training contract n'umushahara Niyoyita Mahina Jacob yasabaga kandi ntaho bihuriye; bikaba byaratumye abura uburenganzira bw'ibyo yasabaga; aho urukiko rwashingiye ku ingingo ya 76 y’Itegeko n° 66/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru iteganya ko umushahara umaze imyaka ibiri (2), ibarwa uhereye igihe umukozi yagombaga kuwuhemberwa utarishyuzwa ntuba ukishyujwe; hirengagijwe ko atari amafaranga yatangwaga nk'umushahara. Akaba ariyo mpamvu abijuririye kugira ngo urukiko ruyamuheshe nk'uko biri mu masezerano impande zombi zagiranye yo kuwa 14/02/2012 cyane cyane mu ngingo yayo ya 14; izo allowences kandi akaba ntaho UTB LTD yagaragaje ko yaba yarazimuhaye. Ayo mafaranga akaba ahwanye na: 585USD Books allowance per year (4years of stady) = 2 260USD 150 USD Medical insurance / year (4years) = 600USD 500USD Excess baggage Total: 3 160USD. [65] Uhagarariye UTB Ltd ntacyo yabivuzeho. Uko Urukiko rubibona [66] Urukiko rurasanga muri iyi ngingo y’ubujurire, icyo Niyoyita anenga ni uko Urukiko rwemeje ko amafaranga yagombaga guhabwa ya training atayahabwa kubera ko habayeho ubuzime, we akaba avuga ko nta buzime bwabayeho, kuko hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 76 y’Itegeko n° 66/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda iteganya ko umushahara umaze imyaka ibiri (2) uba utacyishyujwe, kandi amafaranga ya training yishyuza yo atari umushahara. [67] Urukiko rurasanga n’ubwo amafaranga ya training yaba atari umushahara, ariko ntibikuraho ubuzime kubera ko ingingo ya 142 y’itegeko ryagengaga umurimo igihe Niyoyita yagombaga kuhabwamo aya mafaranga, ni ukuvuga itegeko N° 13/2009 ryo kuwa 27/05/2009 rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda, yateganyaga ko “Uburenganzira ku birego byose bituruka ku kutumvikana ku birebana n’amasezerano y’akazi yasinywe hagati y’impande zombi hakurikijwe iri tegeko bigira ubuzime nyuma y’imyaka ibiri (2) uhereye igihe ukutumvikana byatangiriye”. Ni ukuvuga ko n’ubwo aya mafaranga atafatwa nk’umushahara, kuba training avuga yarabaye guhera 2013 kugeza 2014, we akarega mu mwaka wa 2022, n’ubundi hari harabayeho ubuzime bw’imyaka 2. G. Gusubizwa igihembo cya avocat gihwanye na 1 250 000frs; [68] Niyoyita Mahina Jacob arasaba urukiko rujuririwe kuzategeka urgwa kumwishyura igihembo cya avocat ku rwego rw'ubujurire ghwanye na 1 250 000frs kubwo gukomeza kumushora mu manza no gusubizwa igarama. [69] UTB Ltd ivuga ko nta shingiro ibyo Niyoyita asaba bifite.

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Uko Urukiko rubibona [70] Urukiko rurasanga amafaranga 1.250.000 y’igihembo cya Avoka no gusubizwa igaragama Niyoyita Mahina Jacob asaba, ntayo yahabwa kubera ko ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [71] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa UTB Ltd bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe. [72] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Niyoyita Mahina Jacob nta shingiro bufite. [73] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe ihindutse kuri bimwe. [74] Rwemeje ko Niyoyita Mahina Jacob atirukanywe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, bityo amafaranga 6.381.410 y’indishyi zo kwirukanwa mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko yari yagenewe ntayo agomba guhabwa. [75] Rwemeje ko amafaranga 240.000 ya communication, amafaranga 462.000 Niyoyita Mahina Jacob avuga ko yakaswe, yari yagenewe n’urubanza rwajuririwe avanyweho. [76] Rutegetse ko amafaranga Niyoyita Mahina Jacob agomba guhabwa ari amafaranga 3. 646.520 y’imperekeza, amafaranga 911. 630 y’indishyi zo kudahabwa icyemezo cy’imirimo yakoze, amafaranga 2.520.000 ya part-time contract, amafaranga 600.000 y’igihembo cya Avoka, n’amafaranga 20.000 y’amagarama. [77] Rwemeje ko nta mafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka atanzwe kuri uru rwego kubera impamvu zasobanuwe. [78] Rutegetse ko amafaranga yatanzweho ingwate y’amagarama ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza.