NKURIYINGOMA v MUREMANYUNDO N’ABANDI

NKURIYINGOMA v MUREMANYUNDO N’ABANDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2019-04-26 - Case/document no.: RCAA 00032/2018/SC - Collection: Supreme Court

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NKURIYINGOMA v MUREMANYUNDO N’ABANDI [Rwanda – URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA - RCAA 00032/2018/SC – (Kayitesi, P.J., Cyanzayire, na Kayitesi Rusera, J.) 26 Mata 2019] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza – Uburyo bwo kumenyeshwa imikirize y’urubanza - Umuburanyi ntiyakwitwaza ko atamenye imikirize y’urubanza rwaburanishijwe adahari ashingiye ko atabimenyeshejwe n’umwanditsi w’urukiko cyangwa Umuhesha w’inkiko mu gihe bigaragara ko hari ubundi buryo yaba yaramenyemo imikirize y’urwo rubanza. Incamake y’ikibazo: Rugwizangoga yigaruriye igice cy’ikibanza cy’abarega aribo Muremanyundo n’abavandimwe be maze aza kukigurisha Nkuriyingoma. Ba nyiri kibanza baje kumurega mu nkiko zitandukanye kugeza mu rukiko rw’Ikirenga zose zemeza ko amasezerano y’ubugure bw’icyo gice cy’ikibanza asheshwe, ko icyo gice cy’ikibanza gisubizwa abarega hanyuma Rugwizangoga akaryozwa ubwishyu bw’icyo gice cy’isambu gisubiye mu mabako y aba nyiraho. Izo manza zose zaburanishwaga Nkuriyingoma adahari ariko yabaga yatumijwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko. Mu irangizwa ry’urubanza, umuhesha w’inkiko yandikiye Rugwizangoga amumenyesha ibijyanye no kurangiza urubanza nawe amusubiza ko byaba byiza na Nkuriyingoma amanyeshejwe kuko ngo icyo gihe yari mu Rwanda bakaba barabonanye ku wa 25/05/2017 akamumenyesha ibyo urwo rubanza ndetse akanamuha numero za telefone asigaye akoresha. Umuhesha w’Inkiko akimara kumenya ayo

makuru yamenyesheje Nkuriyingoma imikirize y’urwo rubanza mu ibaruwa yakiriye ku wa 16/06/2017 nawe ayishingiraho atanga ikirego ku wa 21/06/2017 cyo gusubirishamo urubanza rwaburanishijwe adahari mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga. Abaregwa bo bavuga ko Nkuriyingoma atubahirije ibihe byo gutanga ikirego bagasaba ko Urukiko rwabanza gusuzuma iyo nzitizi mbere y’iburansiha mu mizi bashingiye ko iminsi cumi n’itanu (15) yo gusubirishamo urubanza rwaburanishijwe adahari atayubahije dore ko yamenye ibyo uru rubanza ku wa 25/05/2017 akaba ari yo tariki igomba guherwaho habarwa iminsi 15. Incamake y’icyemezo: Inzitizi ifite ishingiro kuko Nkuriyingoma yamenye ubwe igikorwa cya mbere cyo kurangiza urubanza ku wa 25/05/2017 abibwiwe na Rugwizangoga akaba ariyo tariki igomba guherwaho habarwa igihe cyo gusubirishamo urubanza bityo Nkuriyingoma akaba yaratanze ikirego iminsi cumi n’itanu yaramaze kurenga. Ikirego cyatanzwe nticyakiriwe. Imikirize y’urubanza Nº RCAA 0015/12/CS igumyeho Ingwate y’amagarama yatanzwe ihwanye n’ibyakozwe

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Amategko yifashishijwe atagikoreshwa Itegeko No 21/2012 ryo ku wa 14/06/2012 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 149, 159. Nta manza zifashishijwe Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Urubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo kuri Nº RC 0051/09/TGI/GSBO, Nº RC 0052/09/TGI/GSBO, Nº RC 0053/09/TGI/GSBO, Nº RC 0054/09/TGI/GSBO na Nº RC 0055/09/TGI/GSBO, Muremanyundo Jeanne n’abavandimwe be barega Rugwizangoga Jean Baptiste igice cy’isambu yigaruye maze akakigurisha Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda, kandi ngo cyari cyarahawe umubyeyi wabo (nyina) Numukobwa Ancilla. Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda yagobokeshejwe muri urwo rubanza ruburanishwa adahari, ariko yarahamagajwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko. [2] Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo rwaciye urubanza ku wa 14/08/2009, rwemeza ko ikirego cya Muremanyundo Jeanne, Muremanyundo Didi, Kapesi Chantal, Uwase Alice na Murinda Fabrice gifite ishingiro, ko bagomba gusubizwa igice cy’isambu iburanwa, kandi ko n’amasezerano y’ubugure y’icyo gice cy’isambu iburanwa Rugwizangoga Jean Baptiste yagiranye na Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda asheshwe ku bijyanye gusa n’ahaburanwa, rutegeka ko Rugwizangoga Jean Baptiste ariwe ugomba kuryozwa ubwishyu bw’aho hantu hasubiye mu maboko y’abana ba Numukobwa Ancilla kuko Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda yaguze nta buriganya, akanaha abareze

indishyi zingana na 600.000 Frw. [3] Rugwizangoga Jean Baptiste yajuriye mu Rukiko Rukuru, avuga ko ahaburanwa harimo ibikorwa bye byagombaga kwishyurwa, urubanza rwandikwa kuri Nº RCA 0184/09/HC/KIG, ruburanishwa Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda adahari ariko yarahamagajwe ahatazwi, rucibwa ku wa 27/01/2012; Urukiko rwemeza ko imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe idahindutse. [4] Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko nta bimenyetso bigaragaza ko hari ibikorwa bya Rugwizangoga Jean Baptiste byari mu kibanza numero 104 Numukobwa Ancilla yahawe, bityo akaba ntacyo yaheraho asaba gusubizwa agaciro kabyo. [5] Rugwizangoga Jean Baptiste na none ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urwo rubanza, arujuririra mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga, ruhabwa numero Nº RCAA 0015/12/CS. Urubanza rwaburanishijwe Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda adahari ariko yarahamagajwe ahatazwi. Ku wa 15/07/2016, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwemeje ko hagumyeho imikirize y’urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru.

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[6] Ku wa 21/06/2017 Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko rw’Ikirega asubirishamo urubanza No RCAA 0015/12/CS, kuko rwaburanishijwe adahari. [7] Iburanisha ry’urubanza ryashyizwe ku wa 11/02/2019, ariko rusubikwa kubera ko Me Rwagatare Janvier uburanira Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda atari yitabye avuga ko atarishyura amande yari yaraciwe mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, na Me Munyaneza Sarto wunganira Rugwizangoga Jean Baptiste atitabye kubera ihinduka ry’amasaha. Urukiko rwemeje ko Me Rwagatare Janvier acibwa amande ya 200.000 Frw ko impamvu yatumye Me Munyaneza Sarto atitaba yumvikana, urubanza rwimurirwa ku wa 02/04/2019. [8] Iburanisha ryabereye mu ruhame ku wa 02/04/2019, Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda aburanirwa na Me Mukarusine Agnès; Muremanyundo Jeanne, Muremanyundo Didi, Kapesi Chantal, Uwase Alice na Murinda Fabrice baburanirwa na Me Bugingo John Bosco afatanyije na Me UwizeyimanA Jean Baptiste, naho Rugwizangoga Jean Baptiste yunganiwe na Me Munyaneza Sarto. [9] Mbere y’uko iburanisha ritangira mu mizi, Me Bugingo John Bosco na Me Uwizeyimana Jean Baptiste baburanira Muremanyundo Jeanne n’abavandimwe be bamenyesheje Urukiko ko inzitizi ijyanye no kuba Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda yaratsinzwe kabiri ku mpamvu zimwe batakiyikomeje, ariko ko inzitizi ijyanye no kuba atarubahirije ibihe biteganyijwe mu ngingo ya 142 igika cya 3 y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018

ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’ubutegetsi n’umurimo1 bakiyikomeje. Bongeraho ko kuba Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda yarahamagawe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko ntiyitabe Urukiko, akaba kandi nta mpamvu ikomeye kandi idasanzwe arugaragariza yatumye atitaba ngo aburane, ari inzitizi ituma ikirego cye kidakwiye kwakirwa hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 143 igika cya mbere y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe mu gika kibanziriza iki2. [10] Muri uru rubanza hagomba kubanza gusuzumwa niba Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda yarubahirije ibihe byo gusubirishamo urubanza, byaba byarubahirijwe, hagasuzumwa niba impamvu atanga zatumye atitaba Urukiko ngo aburane ari impamvu zikomeye kandi zidasanzwe . II. IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYABYO A. Kumenya niba Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda yarubahirije ibihe byo gusubirishamo urubanza. [11] Me Mukarusine Agnès uburanira Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda avuga ko ibihe byo gusubirishamo urubanza byubahirijwe, kuko uwo aburanira aba mu Budage akaba yaramenye iby’uru rubanza ari uko ku wa 12/06/2017, Umuhesha w’Inkiko witwa Habinshuti Joseph Désiré yandikiye Rugwizangoga Jean Baptiste akamugenera kopi, amumenyesha imikirize y’urubanza; 1“Gusubirishamo urubanza bikorwa mu gihe kitarenze iminsi cumi n’itanu (15) uhereye igihe abimenyeye”. 2 “Gusaba ko urubanza rusubirwamo byemerwa gusa iyo uregwa utaritabye mbere ashobora kugaragaza impamvu idasanzwe kandi ikomeye yamubujije kwitaba”.

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iyo kopi ikaba yaramugezeho ku wa 16/06/2017, atanga ikirego ku wa 21/06/2017, bivuze ko iminsi 15 iteganyijwe yayubahirije. [12] Abahagararariye abaregwa bavuga ko Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda atubahirije ibihe byo gutanga ikirego, kuko ku wa 22/03/2017 Rugwizangoga Jean Baptiste yamenyeshejwe imikirize y’urubanza Nº RCAA 0015/12/CS nawe akabimumenyesha nk’umuntu wari waramugurishije isambu iburanwa. Bavuga ko kuba Nkuliyingoma Kussy Matilda yaratanze ikirego ku wa 21/06/2017, hashize amezi atatu amenye imikirize y’urubanza, ari impamvu ihagije ituma ikirego cye kitakirwa. [13] Bavuga ko ikindi kigaragaza ko Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda atubahirije ibihe byo gusubirishamo urubanza, ari uko ku wa 06/06/2017, Rugwizangoga Jean Baptiste yandikiye Umuhesha w’Inkiko Habinshuti Joseph Désiré amumenyesha ko ku wa 25/05/2017 yabonanye na Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda akamubwira ko bagiye kurangiza urubanza ku gice cy’isambu atunze, ibi Rugwizangoga Jean Baptiste yivugiye muri iyi baruwa akaba ari ikimenyetso cy’uko Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda yamenye urubanza ku wa 25/05/2017 aho kuba ku wa 16/06/2017 nk’uko abivuga. Bavuga ko hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 142, igika cya 4 y’Itegeko ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ivuga ko umuntu asubirishamo urubanza bitarenze iminsi 15 ahereye igihe yarumenyeye, ikirego cye

kidakwiye kwakirwa. [14] Me Bugingo John Bosco uburanira Muremanyundo Jeanne n’abavandimwe be, avuga ko ibyo Me Mukarusine Agnès avuga bitagombye gushingirwaho kuko nta bimenyetso abitangira, ko ahubwo avuga ko ari ibyo yabwiwe n’uwo aburanira, ko rero itariki ya 25/05/2017 ariyo igomba gufatwa nk’iyo Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda yamenyeho urubanza. [15] Me Uwizeyimana Jean Baptiste nawe uburanira Muremanyundo Jeanne n’abavandimwe be avuga ko ibaruwa Rugwizangoga Jean Baptiste yandikiye Umuhesha w’Inkiko ari ikimenyetso cy’uko Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda yamenye imikirize y’urubanza ku wa 25/05/2017, nk’uko Rugwizangoga Jean Baptiste basangiye urubanza abihamya muri iyo baruwa. [16] Me Munyaneza Sarto wunganira Rugwizangoga Jean Baptiste avuga ko ku bireba uwo yunganira, urubanza rwabaye itegeko, naho ku bireba Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda nk’uwagobokeshejwe mu rubanza, ngo ni uburenganzira bwe gusubirishamo urubanza kubera ko rwaburanishijwe adahari. Ku bijyanye n’ibihe, avuga ko basanga byarubahirijwe ngo kuko yamenye ko urubanza rwaciwe ari uko Umuhesha w’Inkiko amenyesheje uwo yunganira ko urubanza rugiye kurangizwa. [17] Rugwizangoga Jean Baptiste avuga ko ibyo kumenyesha Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda urubanza atabyibuka, ariko akaba yemera ko hari ibaruwa yandikiye Umuhesha w’Inkiko ku wa

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06/06/2017, amubwira ko Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda ari i Kigali, ko yanamubwiye iby’irangiza ry’urubanza .

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [18] Ingingo ya 159 y’Itegeko No 21/2012 ryo ku wa 14/06/2012 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi yakoreshwaga igihe ikirego cyo gusubirishamo urubanza cyatangwaga, iteganya ko uregwa waciriwe urubanza adahari ashobora kurusubirishamo mu gihe kitarenze iminsi cumi n’itanu (15) amaze kurumenyeshwa we ubwe. Iyo atarumenyeshejwe we ubwe, ashobora kurusubirishamo mu gihe kitarenze iminsi cumi n’itanu (15) uhereye igihe uwabimenyeshejwe yabimenyeye. Iyo nta bimenyetso bigaragaza ko nyir’ubwite yamenyeshejwe urubanza, iminsi cumi n’itanu (15) ibarwa guhera umunsi yamenyeye ubwe igikorwa cya mbere cyo kurangiza urubanza. [19] Nk’uko bigaragara muri kopi y’urubanza rusubirishwamo, Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda yaciriwe urubanza adahari kuko yari yahamagawe ahatazwi. Muri dosiye nta kigaragaza ko nyuma yo gucirirwa urubanza adahari, yamenyeshejwe imikirize yarwo hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’igika cya nyuma cy’ingingo ya 1493 y’Itegeko No 21/2012 ryo ku wa 14/06/2012 ryavuzwe haruguru. Ni ukuvuga ko iminsi cumi n’itanu (15) yo gusubirishamo urubanza, igomba kubarwa guhera umunsi Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda yamenyeye ubwe igikorwa cya mbere cyo kurangiza urubanza. [20] Mu nyandiko ziri muri dosiye, hagaragaramo ibaruwa yo ku wa 12/03/2017, Umuhesha w’Inkiko w’Umwuga Me Habinshuti Joseph Desiré yandikiye Rugwizangoga

Jean Baptiste akayakira ku wa 22/03/2017, amutegeka gushyira mu bikorwa icyemezo cy’urukiko. Rugwizangoga Jean Baptiste yasubije iyo baruwa y’Umuhesha w’Inkiko w’Umwuga ku wa 06/06/2017, amumenyesha ko kugirango hatangwe ubutabera kuri buri wese, kandi kugirango bitazitwa ko yadindije irangiza ry’urubanza, yagirango atange amakuru kuri Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda waguze igice cy’isambu asabwa gusubiza. Muri iyo baruwa, amenyesha Umuhesha w’Inkiko w’Umwuga ko Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda ari mu Rwanda, ko bahuye ku wa 25/05/2017 akamubwira ko amaze iminsi mike aje, ko rero ashobora kumushaka akarangiza urubanza ku gice cy’isambu kimureba ngo kuko yabimubwiyeho ntabyumve. Yavuze ko nimero ya telefone bamushakiraho ari 0783943189. [21] Hashingiwe ku bivugwa mu ibaruwa yo ku wa 06/06/2017, Rugwizangoga Jean Baptiste yandikiye Umuhesha w’Inkiko w’Umwuga, Urukiko rurasanga Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda yaramenye ubwe igikorwa cya mbere cyo kurangiza urubanza ku wa 25/05/2017, abibwiwe na Rugwizangoga Jean Baptiste. Urukiko rurasanga ibyo Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda avuga ko yamenye ko urubanza rwaciwe ku wa 16/06/2017, ari uko abonye kopi y’ibaruwa Me Habinshuti Joseph Desiré yongeye kwandikira Rugwizangoga Jean Baptiste amumenyesha umunsi wo kurangiza urubanza, nta shingiro byahabwa kuko Rugwizangoga Jean Baptiste atahakanye 3 “Iyo umwe mu baburanyi atigeze amenyeshwa umunsi w’isomwa ry’urubanza cyangwa se ngo abe yarahagarariwe, amenyeshwa n’umwanditsi w’urukiko cyangwa umuhesha warwo uko urubanza rwaciwe hakurikijwe amategeko asanzwe agenga imenyesha ry’inyandiko z’urukiko”.

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ibaruwa ye igihe yayibazwagaho n’Urukiko; ndetse n’uburanira Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda akaba atagaragaje ko uwo aburanira atari mu Rwanda icyo gihe. [22] Urukiko rurasanga, hakurikijwe ibisobanuro bimaze gutangwa, igihe cy’iminsi cumi n’itanu (15) cyo gusubirishamo urubanza kigomba kubarwa guhera ku wa 25/05/2017. Urukiko rurasanga, kuba Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda yaratanze ikirego cyo gusubirishamo urubanza ku wa 21/06/2017, iminsi cumi n’itanu (15) yaramaze kurenga, atarubahirije ibihe byo gusubirishamo urubanza, bityo ikirego cye kikaba kidashobora kwakirwa. Urukiko rurasanga kandi kubera iyo mpamvu, bitakiri na ngombwa gususuma niba hari impamvu ikomeye kandi idasanzwe yatumye atitaba ngo aburane urubanza yasabye ko rusubirwamo. B. Kumenya niba indishyi zasabwe na Muremanyundo Jeanne n’abavandimwe be zatangwa [23] Me Bugingo John Bosco na Me Uwizeyimana Jean Baptiste baburanira Muremanyundo Jeanne n’abavandimwe be bavuga ko bashingiye ku gitabo cya gatatu cy’urwunge rw'amategeko mbonezamubano (CCLIII), cyane cyane mu ngingo ya 258 n’iya 259, basaba ko Nkuliyingoma Kussy Matilda yategekwa kubasubiza 2.000.000 Frw yo gushorwa mu manza na 2, 500, 000 Frw y’igihembo cy’Avoka biyambaje. [24] Me Mukarusine Agnès uburanira Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda, avuga ko indishyi zisabwa nta shingiro zifite, kuko uwo aburanira afite uburenganzira nk’umuntu waciriwe urubanza adahari bwo kwiyambaza Inkiko.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [25] Urukiko rurasanga kuba Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda yarasubirishijemo urubanza, byaratumye Muremanyundo Jeanne, Muremanyundo Didi, KapesI Chantal, Uwase Alice, na Murinda Fabrice bashaka ababunganira mu mategeko, bityo bakaba bagomba kugenerwa amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka; ariko kubera ko ayo basaba ari menshi, rukaba rubageneye mu bushishozi bwarwo 500.000 Frw. [26] Urukiko rurasanga indishyi zo gushorwa mu manza basaba batazigenerwa kuko Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda yari afite uburenganzira bwo kwiyambaza urukiko asaba gusubirishamo urubanza rwaburanishijwe adahari.

III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [27] Rwemeje ko ikirego cyo gusubirishamo (Opposition) urubanza Nº RCAA 0015/12/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 15/7/2016, kitakiriwe;

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[28] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza Nº RCAA 0015/12/CS igumyeho; [29] Rutegetse Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda kwishyura Muremanyundo Jeanne, Muremanyundo Didi, Kapesi Chantal, Uwase Alice na Murinda Fabrice, amafaranga 500.000 y’ igihembo cya Avoka; [30] Rutegetse ko ingwate y’amagarama yatanzwe na Nkuriyingoma Kussy Matilda ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza.