NSANZIMFURA v. UBUSHINJACYAHA

# NSANZIMFURA v. UBUSHINJACYAHA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-12-30 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00190/2025/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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NSANZIMFURA v. UBUSHINJACYAHA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00190/2025/CA (Mukandamage, P.J.,) 30 Ukuboza 2025] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha – Icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana – Mu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, uregwa wahamijwe icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana utarageza ku myaka 14 y’amavuko gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu, mu bushishozi bw’urukiko rwajuririwe, rurebye uburemere bw’icyaha n’ingaruka zacyo, rushobora kugabanya icyo gihano, ariko ntikijye munsi y’imyaka 15 y’igifungo. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uwitwa Nsanzimfura Jean Paul akekwaho gusambanya umwana witwa U. D. w’imyaka 10 y’amavuko. Nyuma y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwamureze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo, busaba ko ahamwa n’icyo cyaha maze agahanishwa igifungo cya burundu.Uregwa yaburanye yemera icyaha, asaba imbabazi asaba no kugabanyirizwa igihano. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo rwasanze Nsanzimfura Jean Paul ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, maze rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 25 rushingiye ku bimenyetso bitandukanye. Nsanzimfura Jean Paul yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru avuga ko ku rwego rwa mbere yahanishijwe igihano kiremereye cyane, hirengagijwe impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zari gutuma agabanyirizwa igihano, asaba kongera kugabanyirizwa. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha yavuze ko Nsanzimfura yagabanyirizwa igihano, ariko agahabwa ikitari munsi y’imyaka 15. Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze kuba ari ubwa mbere Nsanzimfura ahaniwe icyaha, kandi acyemera ku buryo budashidikanywaho, akagisabira imbabazi, ibyo byaba impamvu rwamugabanyiriza igihano, maze agahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 15. Nsanzimfura yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, avuga ko yemeye icyaha ku buryo budasubirwaho, akaba yaragikoze abitewe nuko yari yanyoye ibisindisha, asaba kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano, kuko igifungo yahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru cy’imyaka 15 kiremereye, asaba guhabwa igihano gito gishoboka. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko n’ubwo uregwa asaba kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano, ariko cyagabanyijwe mu buryo buhagije, ndetse ahabwa igikwiranye n’icyaha yakoze, kuko ku rwego rwa mbere, aho guhabwa igifungo cya burundu giteganyirizwaicyaha yakoze, yahanishijwe igifungo cy’imyaka 25, ageze mu Rukiko Rukuru narwo rwongera kukigabanya, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka15, bityo ko atagomba kongera kugabanyirizwa kuko ntaho urukiko rwahera rubikora. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga kandi ko uregwa atabasha kugaragaza niba urukiko rwabanje rwaba rwarakoresheje nabi itegeko cyangwa ubushishozi bwarwo mu gutanga igihano, kuko

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kongera kumugabanyiriza igihano bishoboka gusa igihe igihano yahawe kitajyanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha ndetse n’ingaruka zacyo, Muri uru rubanza harasuzumwa ikibazo cyo kumenya niba igihano Nsanzimfura yahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru cyakongera kugabanywa. Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ko igihano cy’imyaka 15 y’igifungo Nsanzimfura Jean Paul yahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru kitakongera kugabanywa, kuko aricyo gito giteganywa n’amategeko ku cyaha yahamijwe cyo gusambanya umwana uri munsi y’imyaka 14 y’amavukomu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemejwe n’Umucamanza. Incamake y’icyemezo: Mu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, uregwa wahamijwe icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana utarageza ku myaka 14 y’amavuko gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu, mu bushishozi bw’urukiko rwajuririwe, rurebye uburemere bw’icyaha n’ingaruka zacyo, rushobora kugabanya icyo gihano, ariko ntikijye munsi y’imyaka 15 y’igifungo. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, ingingo ya 183. Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RPAA 01440/2024/CA, rwa Mugisha Thomas n’Ubushinjacyaha, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 19/09/2025; Urubanza RPAA 00498/2025/CA, rw’ Ubushinjacyaha na Rutayisire Vital, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28/11/2025. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku wa 25/10/2022, hamenyekanye amakuru ko mu kwezi kwa 05/2022 umwana witwa U. D. w’imyaka 10 y’amavuko yasambanyijwe na Nsanzimfura Jean Paul, bivugwa ko ubwo Mushimiyimana Marthe yasuraga ingo zirimo amakimbirane yageze iwabo w’umwana, uyu amubwira ko ubwo yari kwa Mama Teta byageze nijoro bamwereka icyumba aryamamo, yicuye mu ijoro abona Nsanzimfura Jean Paul arimo kumusambanya, bucyeye atashye abibwira nyina, ariko ntiyajya gutanga ikirego. [2] Nyuma y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Nsanzimfura Jean Paul mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, busaba ko ahamwa n’icyo cyaha agahanishwa igifungo cya burundu. [3] Nsanzimfura Jean Paul yaburanye yemera icyaha, avuga ko uwomunsi akora icyaha yari yanyweye inzoga zitandukanye, asangaumwana aho yari aryamye aramusambanya, asaba imbabazi no kugabanyirizwa igihano.

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[4] Mu rubanza RP 01272/2022/TGI/GSBO rwaciwe ku wa 30/06/2023,Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo rwasanze Nsanzimfura Jean Paul ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 25 rushingiye ku bimenyetso bikurikira: a) imvugo ze yemera icyaha; b) imvugo z’umwana wahohotewe; c) raporo ya Muganga yagaragaje ko umwana yasambanyijwe. [5] Nsanzimfura Jean Paul yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru avuga ko ku rwegorwa mbere yahanishijwe igihano kiremereye cyane, hirengagijwe impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zari gutuma agabanyirizwa igihano, asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha yavuze ko Nsanzimfura Jean Paul yagabanyirizwa igihano, ariko agahabwaikitari munsi y’imyaka 15. [6] Mu rubanza RPAA 01214/2023/HC/KIG rwaciwe ku wa 30/01/2025,Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze ari ubwa mbere Nsanzimfura Jean Paul ahaniwe icyaha, kandi acyemera ku buryo budashidikanywaho akagisabira imbabazi, rumugabanyiriza igihano, hanyuma rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 15. [7] Nsanzimfura Jean Paul yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza ruhabwa RPAA 00190/2025/CA. Iburanisha mu ruhame ryabaye ku wa 03/12/2025, Nsanzimfura Jean Paul yunganiwe na Me Uwimabera Béata, naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Sibomana Stanislas, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [8] Mu myanzuro no mu miburanire, Nsanzimfura Jean Paul asaba kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano, kuko icyo yahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru, urugereko rwa Rwamagana kiremereye. Uhagarariye ubushinjacyaha avuga ko igihano Nsanzimfura Jean Paul yahawe kitakongera kugabanywa, kuko cyagabanyijwe ku buryo buhagije. [9] Muri uru rubanza harasuzumwa ikibazo cyo kumenya niba igihano Nsanzimfura Jean Paul yahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru cyakongera kugabanywa. II. ISESENGURWA RY’IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA Kumenya niba igihano Nsanzimfura Jean Paul yahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru cyakongera kugabanywa [10] Nsanzimfura Jean Paul na Me Uwimabera Béata umwunganira bavuga ko yemera icyaha ku buryo budasubirwaho, icyo cyaha akaba yaragikoze abitewe nuko yari yanyoye ibisindisha. Basaba ko yakongera kugabanyirizwa igihano, kuko igifungo cy’imyaka 15 kimuremereye, kandi ko mu gihe amaze afunzwe yamaze kumva uburemere bw’icyaha yakoze. [11] Nsanzimfura Jean Paul na Me Uwimabera Béata bavuga kandi komu kugabanya igihano hashingirwa ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 49 n’iya 58 z’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, nk’uko ryahinduwe, agahabwa igihano gito gishoboka. [12] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko n’ubwo Nsanzimfura Jean Paul asaba kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano, ariko cyagabanyijwe mu buryo buhagije, ndetse ahabwa igikwiranye

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n’icyaha yakoze, kuko ku rwego rwa mbere, aho guhabwa igifungo cya burundu giteganyirizwaicyaha yakoze, yahanishijwe igifungo cy’imyaka 25, ageze mu Rukiko Rukuru narwo rwongera kukigabanya, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka15 hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 2, agace ka (a), y’Itegeko Nº059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 ihindura ingingo ya 60 y’Itegeko Nº68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. [13] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga kandi ko Nsanzimfura Jean Paul atabasha kugaragaza niba urukiko rwabanje rwaba rwarakoresheje nabi itegeko cyangwa ubushishozi bwarwo mu gutanga igihano, kuko kongera kumugabanyiriza igihano bishoboka gusa igihe igihano yahawe kitajyanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha ndetse n’ingaruka zacyo hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 49 y’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, nk’uko ryahinduwe. [14] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga na none ko ikibazo cyo kumenya igihano gito gishobora guhabwa umuburanyi wahamijwe icyaha gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu mu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha cyatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu manza zitandukanye harimo n’urubanza RPAA 00832/2024/CA, rwaciwe ku wa 17/04/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Bamureke Fred, uvuga ko iyo impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemejwe n’umucamanza, igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu gishobora kugabanywa, ariko ntikijyemunsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15. Asanga rero Nsanzimfura Jean Paul wahanishijwe igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 nyuma yo kugabanyirizwa ibihano, atagomba kongera kugabanyirizwa, kuko ntaho urukiko rwahera rubikora. [15] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 183, agace ka 5 n’aka 6, y’Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha nta nenge cyangwa amakosa byakozwe mu rubanza RPA 01214/2023/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, kuko ibyo Nsanzimfura Jean Paul asaba byasuzumwe n’inkiko zabanje, kandi bihabwa ishingiro. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [16] Impaka muri uru rubanza zishingiye ku kumenya niba igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 Nsanzimfura Jean Paul yahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku cyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’imyaka 10 y’amavuko cyakongera kugabanywa. [17] Mu rubanza RPAA 01440/2024/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 19/09/2025, haburana Mugisha Thomas n’Ubushinjacyaha, hatanzwe umurongo uvuga ko mu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, uregwa wahamijwe icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana utarageza ku myaka 14 y’amavuko gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu, mu bushishozi bw’urukiko rwajuririwe, rurebye uburemere bw’icyaha n’ingaruka zacyo, rushobora kugabanya icyo gihano, ariko ntikijye munsi y’imyaka 15 y’igifungo. Uyu murongo washingiweho mu manza zitandukanye zakurikiyeho zaciwe n’uru rukiko, harimo n’urubanza RPAA 00498/2025/CA rwaciwe ku wa 28/11/2025, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Rutayisire Vital. [18] Nk’uko bigaragara mu rubanza RPA 01214/2023/HC/KIG rujuririrwa, Nsanzimfura Jean Paul yasabye kugabanyirizwa igihano cy’imyaka 25 yahawe ku rwego rwa mbere, Urukiko Rukuru

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rusanga yemera icyaha ku buryo budashidikanywaho, kandi ari ubwa mbere akurikiranwe mu butabera ku buryo buzwi, maze rumugabanyiriza igihano, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 15. [19] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga igihano cy’imyaka 15 y’igifungo Nsanzimfura Jean Paul yahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru kitakongera kugabanywa, kuko aricyo gito giteganywa n’amategeko ku cyaha yahamijwe cyo gusambanya umwana uri munsi y’imyaka 14 y’amavukomu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemejwe n’Umucamanza. [20] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga rero, ubujurire bwatanzwe na Nsanzimfura Jean Paul bugamije kugabanyisha igihano yahawe nta shingiro bufite, urubanza yajuririye rukaba rugomba kugumana agaciro mu ngingo zarwo zose. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [21] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Nsanzimfura Jean Paulbugamije kugabanyisha igihano nta shingiro bufite; [22] Rwemeje ko urubanza RPA 01214/2023/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 30/01/2025 rudahindutse; [23] Rutegetse ko igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 Nsanzimfura JeanPaul yahawe ku cyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’imyaka 10 y’amavuko kigumyeho.