UBUSHINJACYAHA vs NSENGIYUMVA

# UBUSHINJACYAHA vs NSENGIYUMVA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-01-27 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00285/2023/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA vs NSENGIYUMVA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00285/2023/CA (Tugireyezu P.J.) 27 Mutarama 2025] Amategeko yerekeye imanza nshinjabyaha – Impamvu nyoroshyacyaha – Kwemera icyaha – Kwemera icyaha kugira agaciro gashobora gutuma uregwa agabanyirizwa igihano iyo nibura kujuje ibi bikurikira: Kuba kudashidikanywaho, ni ukuvuga kutarimo kugoreka amakuru arebana n’uburyo icyaha cyakozwe, kuva gitegurwa kugeza gishyirwa mu bikorwa; hagaragazwa abakigizemo uruhare n’uruhare rwa nyiri ukwemera, ndetse n’inzira zose zakoreshejwe n’uburyo bwakoreshejwe kugirango kigerweho, kuba uwemera agaragaza ko yumva uburemere bw’ibikorwa yemera n’ingaruka zabyo, kuba abyicuza, ni ukuvuga agaragaza ko ababajwe n’ibyabaye kandi akaba yumva bitari bikwiye kuba, ndetse ko atazabisubira, kuba abisabira imbabazi no kuba yiteguye gusubiza ibyo yangije uko abitegerejweho. Ibyo bigakorwa bitarenze, byibuza mu iburanisha ku rwego rwa mbere Amategeko yerekeye imanza nshinjabyaha – Impamvu nyoroshyacyaha – Igihe icyaha cyakoranywe ubugome bukabije –Mu gihe icyaha cyakoranywe ubugome bukabije, kwemera icyaha ntacyo kuba kukimariye uregwa ku birebana no kugabanyirizwa igihano. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyagatare, Ubushinjacyaha bukurikiranye Nsengiyumva ku cyaha cyo kwica umugore we babyaranye nyuma yuko amukubise inkoni zo mu mutwe no ku maguru kandi atwite, ajyanywe mu bitaro bya Kiziguro, biramunanirwa bimwohereza mu bitaro bikuru bya Kaminuza bya Kigali CHUK atumva yaraguye muri Koma, bamukuramo umwana upfuye nawe yitaba Imana. Uregwa yaburanye yemera ko yamukubise koko ariko ko atari agambiriye kumwica ku bw’ibyo ngo akaba asaba ko inyito y’icyaha yahinduka bikitwa gukubita no gukomeretsa byateye urupfu, aho kuba ubwicanyi. Urwo rukiko rwaciye urubanza rusanga kuba uregwa yarakubise umugore we mu mutwe bigafata ku bwoko, yarashakaga kumwica, rwemeza ko ahamwa n’icyaha cy’ubwicanyi rumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu. Uregwa ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza arujurira mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana avuga ko yashyamiranye n’umugore we akamukubita inkoni ku kuguru, ko mu kugundagurana yamwishikuje agakubita umutwe ku nzu akababara, akajya ku muturanyi, ko yamusanzeyo bakiyunga, nyuma y’iminsi itanu (5) akajya iwabo, baza kumuhamagara bamubwira ko yarwaye. Avuga ko atari guhamwa n’icyaha cyo kwica, ko byari gufatwa nko gukubita no gukomeretsa undi ku bushake, agasaba kugabanyirizwa igihano. Urwo Rukiko narwo rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko ibikorwa byakozwe na Nsengiyumva bigize icyaha cyo kwica ku bushake umugore we aho kuba gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa bikavamo urupfu. Bityo rwemeza ko nta gihindutse ku mikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe. Yarongeye arajurira mu Rukiko Rw’Ubujurire, asaba Urukiko ko rwahindura inyito y’icyaha yahamijwe maze rukamuhana rushingiye ku cyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa byateye urupfu, aho kumuhanira icyaha cy’ubwicanyi. Akomeza asobanura ko mu kumuhamya icyaha urukiko rwashingiye ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya zirimo amakabya nkuru kuko bavuze ibyo batiboneye. Akomeza asaba Urukiko yajuririye kuzashingira ku mpamvu nyoroshya cyaha akaba yagabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku cyaha yemera cyo kuba yaramukubise inkoni ku maguru akamuhunga hanyuma agakubita umutwe ku rukuta. Ubushinjacyaha bwo buburana buvuga ko ibivugwa na Nsengiyumva nta shingiro byahabwa kuko impamvu yo gusaba ko yahanirwa icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa umugore we bikamuviramo urupfu kandi ko bitaturutse ku bushake bwe yayiburanishije maze Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana ruyitangaho igisubizo, ko icyaha yakoze ari icy’ubwicanyi. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Kwemera icyaha kugira agaciro gashobora gutuma uregwa agabanyirizwa igihano iyo nibura kujuje ibi bikurikira: Kuba kudashidikanywaho, ni ukuvuga kutarimo kugoreka amakuru arebana n’uburyo icyaha cyakozwe, kuva gitegurwa kugeza gishyirwa mu bikorwa; hagaragazwa

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abakigizemo uruhare n’uruhare rwa nyiri ukwemera, ndetse n’inzira zose zakoreshejwe n’uburyo bwakoreshejwe kugirango kigerweho, kuba uwemera agaragaza ko yumva uburemere bw’ibikorwa yemera n’ingaruka zabyo, kuba abyicuza, ni ukuvuga agaragaza ko ababajwe n’ibyabaye kandi akaba yumva bitari bikwiye kuba, ndetse ko atazabisubira, kuba abisabira imbabazi no kuba yiteguye gusubiza ibyo yangije uko abitegerejweho. Ibyo bigakorwa bitarenze, byibuza mu iburanisha ku rwego rwa mbere. 2. Mu gihe icyaha cyakoranywe ubugome bukabije, kwemera icyaha ntacyo kuba kukimariye uregwa ku birebana no kugabanyirizwa igihano. Imanza zifashishijwe: Ubushinjacyaha vs. Niyonsaba Boniface, RPAA0126/11/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 08/05/2015. Ubushinjacyaha vs. Uwamurengeye Vénant, RPAA 0110/10/CS, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 31/01/2014, Icyegeranyo cy’ibyemezo by’inkiko V.1, Nyakanga 2014, p. 133-140. Ubushinjacyaha vs. Cyuma Miruho, RPA 0142/10/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 19/09/2014 (Icyegeranyo cy’ibyemezo by’inkiko, RLR V2- 2015) p.186. Ubushinjacyaha vs. Nsabimana alias Sankara n’Abandi, RPA 00060/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 04/04/2022 Ubushinjacyaha vs Ayirwanda Emmanuel, RPAA 00195/2020/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/05/2022. Ubushinjacyaha vs Nkubana Samuel, RPAA 00441/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 21/10/2022. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite.

Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku wa 25/11/2018, Nsengiyumva Cassien ari mu mudugudu wa Rubira, Akagati ka Rubona, Umurenge wa Kiziguro, Akarere ka Gatsibo, Intara y’Iburasirazuba, yakubise umugore we babyaranye inkoni zo mu mutwe no ku maguru kandi atwite, ajyanywe mu bitaro bya Kiziguro, biramunanirwa bimwohereza mu bitaro bikuru bya Kaminuza bya Kigali CHUK atumva yaraguye muri Koma, bamukuramo umwana upfuye nawe yitaba Imana, maze Nsengiyumva Cassien wamukubise arafatwa ashyikirizwa inzego z’iperereza atangira gukurikiranwa. [2] Iperereza rirangiye, Ubushinjacyaha bwatanze ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyagatare bukurikiranyeho Nsengiyumva Cassien icyaha cyo kwica, bunasaba ko yahamwa n’icyo cyaha, agahanishwa igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu. [3] Nsengiyumva Cassien we yaburanye yemera ko yamukubise koko ariko ko atari yabigambiriye kumwica ku bw’ibyo ngo akaba asaba ko inyito y’icyaha yahinduka bikitwa gukubita no gukomeretsa byateye urupfu, aho kuba ubwicany. [4] Mu rubanza nº RP 00121/2019/TGI/NYG rwaciwe ku wa 29/10/2020, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyagatare rwasanze Kuba Nsengiyumva Cassien yarakomerekeje umugore we amukubita agahini kavuyemo isuka mu mutwe bigafata ku bwoko, yarashakaga kumwica, ko iyo aba atarashakaga kumwica yari kuba yarakubise ahandi hatari mu mutwe ku buryo ubwonko bwe bwangirika bikamuviramo gupfa kandi na raporo ya muganga ikagaragaza ko Nyirumuringa Vestine yagejejwe mu Bitaro Bikuru bya Kigali

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(CHUK)ari muri koma ( yarataye ubwenge) atumva, bamukuramo umwana wapfuye afite n'ibikomere bikabije ku bwonko byatewe no gukibitwa aribyo byanamwishe, bityo rwemeza ko Nsengiyumva Cassien ahamwa n’icyaha cy’ubwicanyi rumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu. [5] Nsengiyumva Cassien ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza arujurira mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana avuga ko yashyamiranye n’umugore we Nyirumuringa Vestine akamukubita inkoni ku kuguru, ko mu kugundagurana yamwishikuje agakubita umutwe ku nzu akababara, akajya ku muturanyi, ko yamusanzeyo bakiyunga, nyuma y’iminsi itanu (5) akajya iwabo, baza kumuhamagara bamubwira ko yarwaye. Avuga ko atari guhamwa n’icyaha cyo kwica, ko byari gufatwa nko gukubita no gukomeretsa undi ku bushake, agasaba kugabanyirizwa igihano kuko hari abana b’imfubyi umugore yamusigiye. [6] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha yaburanye avuga ko Nsengiyumva Cassien yakubise umugore we agahini mu mutwe, ko byemezwa n’abatangabuhamya nyakwigendera yabwiye kandi akaba aribo yahungiyeho, ko kandi bihura no kuba raporo ya muganga igaragaza ko nyakwigendera yari afite ibibyimba ku bwonko, ko kuba yarakubise mu mutwe kandi ari mu cyico, byerekana ko yari agambiriye kumwica, ko kuba atarahise apfa bitagira icyo bihindura ku cyaha yahamijwe, agasaba ko ubujurire bwe budahabwa agaciro. [7] Mu rubanza nº RPA 00758/2020/HC/RWG rwaciwe ku wa 30/05/2023, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana rushingiye ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya barimo Muhirwa Moussa na Beniminga Félix bemeje ko nyakwigendera Nyirumuringa Vestine yabagezeho ababwira ko umugabo we yamukubise inkoni mu mutwe avira imbere, ko nyuma yaho atongeye kuvuga, raporo yo mu Mudugudu wa Cyarutabira igaragaza ko Nsengiyumva Cassien yakubise umugore we agahini kavuye mu isuka yacukuzaga umusarani no kuri raporo ya muganga igaragaza ko nyakwigendera Nyirumuringa Vestine yagejwe muri CHUK (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Kigali) ari muri koma, ko kandi yari afite ibikomere bikabije ku bwonko byatewe no gukubitwa, ko aribyo byamuviriyemo urupfu, rwemeje ko ibikorwa byakozwe na Nsengiyumva Cassien bigize icyaha cyo kwica ku bushake umugore we Nyirumuringa Vestine aho kuba gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa bikavamo urupfu. bityo rwemeza ko imikirize y’urubanza No RP 00121/2019/TGI/NYG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyagatare ku wa 29/10/2020 idahindutse ku gifungo cya burundu cyahanishijwe Nsengiyumva Cassien. [8] Nsengiyumva Cassien ntiyishimiye iyo mikirize y’urubanza, bajuririra mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire. Urubanza ruhabwa No RPAA 00285/2023/CA, iburanisha rishyirwa ku wa 09/01/2025, Nsengiyumva Cassien yitabye yunganiwe na Me Kubwimana Pierre Celestin naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Rukaka Galcan, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [9] Mu myanzuro y’ubujurire no mu miburanire yabo, Nsengiyumva Cassien n’umwunganira bavuga basaba Urukiko ko rwahindura inyito y’icyaha yahamijwe maze rukamuhana rushingiye ku cyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa byateye urupfu, aho kumuhanira icyaha cy’ubwicanyi. Bakomeza basobanura ko mu kumuhamya icyaha urukiko rwashingiye ku imvugo z’abatangabuhamya (Muhirwa Moussa na Benimpinga Félix) zirimo amakabya nkuru kuko bavuze ibyo batiboneye kandi zikaba zinyuranye n’ibyo nyakwigendera yabwiye Iradukunda Angelique agishobora kuvuga, banavuga kandi ko batari kuba bafitanye inzika ngo bakomeze kubana kuko byabaye ku wa 25/11/2018 akabyuka ajya iwabo akaza kuremba kuri 04/12/2018 ngo kubera isereri yikubita hasi ajyanwa kuri Centre de sante ya Gasange, ahava ajyanwa ku Bitaro bya Kiziguro, ko Vestina atigeze amurega kuko nawe yari yabonye ko ibyamubaye ho byo kwikubita ku rukuta ahunga Nsengiyumva Cassien byari impanuka. Ngo Moussa n’umugore we bamuhimbiye ibyaha ngo kugira ngo batishyura amafranga 5000 Vestina yari yabagurije ku mafranga yari yamusigiye. Mu gusoza, Nsengiyumva Cassien n’umwunganira basaba Urukiko yajuririye kuzashingira ku mpamvu nyoroshya cyaha akaba yagabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku cyaha yemera cyo kuba yaramukubise inkoni ku maguru akamuhunga hanyuma agakubita umutwe ku rukuta.

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[10] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ibivugwa na Nsengiyumva Cassien n’umwunganira nta shingiro byahabwa kuko impamvu yo gusaba ko yahanirwa icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa Vestina bikamuviramo urupfu kandi ko bitaturutse ku bushake bwe yayiburanishije maze Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana ruyitangaho igisubizo, ko icyaha yakoze ari icy’ubwicanyi. [11] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga kandi ko Nsengiyumva Cassien adakwiriye kugabanyirizwa igihano kuko nta mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha zihari kuko atemera icyaha ku buryo budashidikanywaho, kuko n’ukwemera icyaha akora, kugamije guhunga icyaha nyirizina yakoze. [12] Urukiko ruhereye kuri izo mpaka, rurasanga ibibazo bikwiye gusuzumwa muri uru rubanza ari: Kumenya niba Nsengiyumva Cassien yahindurirwa inyito y’icyaha yahamijwe igahuzwa n’icyaha yemera cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa byateye urupfu no kumenya niba Nsengiyumva Cassien yagabanyirizwa igihano. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA II.1. Kumenya niba Nsengiyumva Cassien yahindurirwa inyito y’icyaha yahamijwe igahuzwa n’icyaha yemera cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa byateye urupfu. [13] Mu myanzuro y’ubujurire no mu miburanire yabo, Nsengiyumva Cassien n’umwunganira bavuga basaba Urukiko ko rwahindura inyito y’icyaha yahamijwe maze rukamuhana rushingiye ku cyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa byateye urupfu, aho kumuhanira icyaha cy’ubwicanyi. Bakomeza basobanura ko mu kumuhamya icyaha urukiko rwashingiye ku imvugo z’abatangabuhamya (Muhirwa Moussa na Benimpinga Félix) zirimo amakabya nkuru kuko bavuze ibyo batiboneye kandi zikaba zinyuranye n’ibyo nyakwigendera yabwiye Iradukunda Angelique agishobora kuvuga, banavuga kandi ko batari kuba bafitanye inzika ngo bakomeze kubana kuko byabaye ku wa 25/11/2018 akabyuka ajya iwabo akaza kuremba kuri 04/12/2018 ngo kubera isereri yikubita hasi ajyanwa kuri Centre de sante ya Gasange, ahava ajyanwa ku Bitaro bya Kiziguro, ko Vestina atigeze amurega kuko nawe yari yabonye ko ibyamubaye ho byo kwikubita ku rukuta ahunga Nsengiyumva Cassien byari impanuka. Ngo Moussa n’umugore we bamuhimbiye ibyaha ngo kugira ngo batishyura amafranga 5000 Vestina yari yabagurije ku mafranga yari yamusigiye. Mu gusoza, Nsengiyumva Cassien n’umwunganira basaba Urukiko yajuririye kuzashingira ku mpamvu nyoroshya cyaha akaba yagabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku cyaha yemera cyo kuba yaramukubise inkoni ku maguru akamuhunga hanyuma agakubita umutwe ku rukuta. [14] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ibivugwa na Nsengiyumva Cassien n’umwunganira nta shingiro byahabwa kuko impamvu yo gusaba ko yahanirwa icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa Vestina bikamuviramo urupfu kandi ko bitaturutse ku bushake bwe yayiburanishije maze Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana ruyitangaho igisubizo, ko icyaha yakoze ari icy’ubwicanyi. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [15] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga, impaka kuri iyi ngingo ari ukumenya niba ibikorwa byo gukubita umugore we Nsengiyumva Cassien yakoze bigize icyaha cyo gukubita no gukomeretsa byateye urupfu cyangwa niba bigize icyaha cy’ubwicanyi. [16] Ikibazo cyo kumenya niba uwakubise undi ku bushake yari afite umugambi wo kumwica cyangwa niba yari agamije gusa kumukubita cyangwa kumukomeretsa, cyatanzweho umurongo mu manza

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zitandukanye zaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga1 n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire2 maze zemeza ko bisuzumirwa mu cyakoreshejwe akubita (intwaro ishobora kwica) mu kumukubita no ku gice cy’umubiri cyakubiswe (mu cyico). [17] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza inyandikomvugo y’ibazwa ya Nsengiyumva Cassien ku wa 05/12/2018 aho we ubwe yiyemereye ko yemera icyaha, agasobanura ko yakubise umugore we atwite amukubita inkoni ku kaboko no ku maguru, ahakana ko yamukubise inkoni mu mutwe ahubwo akavuga ko yakubise umutwe ku rukuta ari kumuhunga. [18] Dosiye igaragaza ubuhamya bwa Beniminga Félix musaza wa nyakwigendera ari nawe watanze ikirego wemeje ko ubwo mushiki we Nyirumuringa Vestine yabageragaho yari akibasha kuvuga, ko yababwiye ko umugabo we yamukubise inkoni mu mutwe aviramo imbere, ko nyuma yaho atongeye kuvuga, ko kandi yamukubise atwite. [19] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza inyandikomvugo y’ibazwa mu Bushinjacyaha ku wa 14/12/2018 ry’umutangabuhamya witwa Muhirwa Mussa akaba n’umuturanyi nyakwigendera yahungiyeho akimara gukubitwa, yasobanuye ko nyakwigendera yaje yiruka acumbagira ahunga umugabo we yicara ku irembo atekerereza umudamu we n’undi bita Ange uko umugabo we (Nsengiyumva Cassien) yamukubise, mu gihe akibibatekerereza Nsengiyumva aza yiruka afite inkoni akubita umugeri urugi rw’igipangu rugwa imbere baramuhunga binjira mu nzu, ko mu gihe bari munzu yaberetse mu mutwe hari igishyundu, ku kaguru ni mu musaya habyimbye ababwira ko umugabo yamukubitaga agahini kavuye mu isuka yacukuzaga toilet. Iyi mvugo kandi yashimangiwe n’undi mutangabuhamya witwa Iradukunda Angelique nawe wabonye nyakwigendera akimara gukubitwa. Iradukunda Angelique nawe yahamije ko nyakwigendera yababwiye ko yakubiswe mu mutwe agahini kavuyemo isuka bacukuzaga toilet ndetse ko yavugaga ko Nsengiyumva yamuvunnye akaguru. [20] Dosiye igaragaza kandi raporo y’ubuyobozi bw’umudugudu igaragaza ko Nsengiyumva Cassien yakubise umugore akoresheje umuhini wavuye mu gasuka bacukuzaga toilet. [21] Dosiye igaragaza raporo ya muganga yok u wa 26/02/2019, igaragaza ko nyakwigendera Nyirumuringa Vestine yagejwe muri CHUK (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Kigali) ari muri koma, ko kandi yari afite ibikomere bikabije ku bwonko ari nabyo byamuviriyemo urupfu. [22] Ku byerekeye no guhindura inyito y’icyaha, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga, nk’uko byatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga3 ndetse n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire4, icyemezo cyo guhindura inyito y’icyaha ni uburenganzira n’inshingano by’umucamanza aho agomba guhuza inyito y’icyaha n’igikorwa ubwacyo gikurikiranywe iyo asanga inyito y’igikorwa gikurikiranywe atari yo ihura n’ibyabaye mbere. Ibyo byumvikanisha ko, mbere yo guhindura inyito y’icyaha, urukiko rubanza gusuzuma ibikorwa byabaye uregwa akurikiranyweho, rwarangiza rugahuza ibyo bikorwa n’inyito y’icyaha ikwiye kuri ibyo bikorwa. [23] Nk’uko bigaragara mu gika cya 20 cy’urubanza n˚ RPA 00758/2020/HC/RWG rwaciwe ku wa 30/05/2023 rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana rwagaragaje ko icyari kigambiriwe na Nsengiyumva Cassien atari ugukubita cyangwa ugukomeretsa umugore we nk’uko abiburanisha,

1 Urubanza Nº RPAA 0110/10/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 31/01/2014 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Uwamurengeye (Icyegeranyo cy’ibyemezo by’inkiko RLR V1-2014) p.133-140 n’Urubanza Nº RPA 0142/10/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 19/09/2014 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Cyuma Miruho (Icyegeranyo cy’ibyemezo by’inkiko, RLR V2- 2015) p.186. 2 Urubanza Nº RPAA 00195/2020/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/05/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Ayirwanda Emmanuel, Urubanza Nº RPAA 00441/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 21/10/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nkubana Samuel (igika cya 11- 13). 3 Urubanza no RPAA 0110/10/CS rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Uwamurengeye Vénant, Icyegeranyo cy’ibyemezo by’inkiko V.1, Nyakanga 2014, p. 133-140 4 Urubanza no RPAA 00064/2018/CA rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Nsanzumuhire, igika cya 29

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ahubwo kuba yaramukubise ku maguru, akanamukubita agahini (intwaro ishobora kwica mu mutwe kandi akaba ari mu cyico, yanamuhunga akamusanga aho yari yamuhungiye mu baturanyi yitwaje inkoni, ariko bakamumwima, nyuma yo kumererwa nabi akajyanwa kwa muganga ari muri koma, akaza gukurwamo umwana wapfuye nawe akitaba Imana, muganga akemeza ko urupfu rwe rwatewe n’ibikomere bikabije yakorewe ku bwonko, nta gushidikanya ko ibi bikorwa byakozwe na Nsengiyumva Cassien bigize icyaha cyo kwica ku bushake umugore we Nyirumuringa Vestine aho kuba gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa bikavamo urupfu. [24] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga, hashingiwe ku bigaragazwa na dosiye y’urubanza, byerekana ko Nsengiyumva Cassien yakubise nyakwigendera Nyirumuringa Vestine umuhini mu mutwe, mu musaya ndetse no kukaguru, bamujyana kwa muganga ari muri koma ndetse baza kumuvanamo umwana wapfuye ndetse nyuma nawe aza gupfa, ibi bikaba bishimangirwa n’imvugo ya Muhirwa Mussa Iradukunda Angelique babonye nyakwigendera akimara gukubitwa ndetse na Beniminga Félix musaza we, bemeje ko nyakwigendera Nyirumuringa Vestine yabibwiriye ko Nsengiyumva Cassien yamukubise umuhini mu mutwe. Kandi nk’uko raporo ya muganga ibigaragaza uko gukubwitwa mu mutwe byatumye nyakwigendera agira ibikomere ku bwonko ari nabyo byamuviriyemo urupfu. Ibyo bikaba byerekana nta gushidikanya ko icyateye urupfu rwa Nyirumuringa Vestine ari umuhini yakubiswe mu mutwe na Nsengiyumva Cassien, kandi kuba yarakubise Nyirumuringa Vestine umuhini mu mutwe (mu cyico) bikaba bigaragaza ubushake bwo gukora icyaha cy’ubwicanyi kuko atavuga ko yibeshye kuri nyakwigendera ko atariwe yashakaga gukubita cyangwa aho yashakaga gukubita atariho yakubise kuko hari ku manywa habona, amureba, aramwitegura, amukubita umuhini mu mutwe azi neza ko aho amukubise ari mu cyico. Ibyo bikaba byumvikanisha ko icyaha yakoze ari ubwicanyi. [25] Ku birebana n’imvugo za Nsengiyumva Cassien n’umwunganira bashaka kumvikanisha icyo yakoze ari ugukubita umugore we, ko kandi nyuma biyunze bagakomeza kubana ndetse ko atamureze kuko yakubise umutwe ku rukuta by’impanuka naho ko abatangabuhamya bamubeshyera, Uriko rw’Ubujurire rurasnga nk’uko Urukiko Rukuru rwabibonye, usibye no kuba nta kigaragaza ko yakubise umutwe ku rukuta cyangwa ngo abe agaragaza ibimenyetso byerekana ko biyunze bakomeza no kubana, iyi mvugo ye nta shingiro ikwiye guhabwa kuko ayikoresha agamije guhunga uburyozwacyaha bw’icyaha cy’ubwicanyi na cyane ko nk’uko isesengura ryakozwe haruguru ryabigaragaje abatangabuhamya ndetse n’ibindi bimenyetso birimo na raporo y’umudugudu na raporo ya muganga bigaragaza ko nyakwigendera yakubiswe umuhini mu mutwe kandi ko ibyo aribyo byamuviriyemo urupfu. [26] Hashingiwe ku byasobanuwe haruguru, Urukiko rw’ubujurire rurasanga ibikorwa Nsengiyumva Cassien yakoze bigize icyaha cy’ubwicanyi aho kuba icyaha cyo gukubita no gukomeretsa byateye urupfu nk’uko abiburanisha, bityo icyemezo cy’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana cyemeza ko Nsengiyumva Cassien ahamwa n’icyaha cy’ubwicanyi kikaba kigumyeho kuko nta kosa urukiko rwakoze mu kukimuhamya. II.2 kumenya niba Nsengiyumva Cassien yagabanyirizwa igihano [27] Nsengiyumva Cassien n’umwunganira basaba Urukiko yajuririye kuzashingira ku mpamvu nyoroshya cyaha akaba yagabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku cyaha yemera cyokuba yarakubise nyakwigendera inkoni ku maguru akamuhunga hanyuma agakubita umutwe ku rukuta. [28] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko iyi ngingo y’ubujurire nta shingiro yahabwa kuko urega n’umwunganira batagaragaza impamvu nyoroshyacyaha yashingirwaho agabanyirizwa kuko atemera icyaha, ko n’icyo avuga ko yemera atacyemera mu buryo budashidikanywaho kuko avuga ko yakubise inkoni ku maguru kandi hari ibimenyetso byereka ko yamukubise mu mutwe, ko Uretse kuvuga gusa ko yagabanyirizwa nta mpamvu ihari yatuma agabanyirizwa bityo icyemezo cy’urukiko gikwiye kuguma uko kiri.

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UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [29] Hakurikijwe ibivugwa n’ababuranyi, Urukiko rurasanga impaka muri uru rubanza zishingiye ku kumenya niba Nsengiyumva Cassien yagabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha yatanze yo kwemera icyaha cyo gukubita no gukomeretse byateye urupfu. [30] Ikibazo kirebana n’ukwemera icyaha gufatwa nk’impamvu nyoroshyacyaha ishobora kugirira uregwa akamaro cyasobanuwe mu rubanza N° RPA 00060/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nsabimana Callixte Alias Sankara na bagenzi be. Muri urwo rubanza, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwasobanuye ko ukwemera icyaha kugira agaciro gashobora gutuma uregwa agabanyirizwa igihano iyo nibura kujuje ibi bikurikira: Kuba kudashidikanywaho, ni ukuvuga kutarimo kugoreka amakuru arebana n’uburyo icyaha cyakozwe, kuva gitegurwa kugeza gishyirwa mu bikorwa; hagaragazwa abakigizemo uruhare n’uruhare rwa nyiri ukwemera, ndetse n’inzira zose zakoreshejwe n’uburyo bwakoreshejwe kugirango kigerweho, kuba uwemera agaragaza ko yumva uburemere bw’ibikorwa yemera n’ingaruka zabyo, kuba abyicuza, ni ukuvuga agaragaza ko ababajwe n’ibyabaye kandi akaba yumva bitari bikwiye kuba, ndetse ko atazabisubira, kuba abisabira imbabazi no kuba yiteguye gusubiza ibyo yangije uko abitegerejweho. Ibyo bigakorwa bitarenze, byibuza mu iburanisha ku rwego rwa mbere5. [31] Nk’uko byagarutsweho mu ngingo ibanziriza iyi, dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza ko Nsengiyumva Cassien yafashe umugore we azi neza ko atwite amukubita umuhini w’agasuka bacukuzaga toilet mu mutwe bimutera ibisebe ku bwonko, nyuma biza gutuma akurwamo umwana upfuye ndetse nyuma nawe aza gupfa biturutse kuri ibyo bikomere. Igaragaza kandi ko kuva yafatwa, Nsengiyumva Cassien abura avuga ko ibikorwa yemera ko yakoze bigizwe no kuba yarakubise umugore we inkoni ku kaguru no ku kaboko ariko ko atigeze amukubita ku mutwe ahubwo ko umutwe nyakwigendera yawukubise ku rukuta rw’inzu amauhunga. [32] Nk’uko bigaragara mu mwanzuro w’ubujurire no mu miburanire ye Nsengiyumva Cassien n’umwunganira, bavuga ko batakambira uru Rukiko, barusaba kumugabanyiriza igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu yakatiwe hashingiwe ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha yo kuba aburana yemera icyaha cyo gukubita no gukomeretsa byateye urupfu yemera kuko yakubise umugore we ku kaguru agakubita umutwe ku rukuta. [33] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nk’uko byagaragajwe mu ngingo ibanziriza iyi, Urukiko rwasanze icyaha gihama Nsengiyumva Cassien ari icy’ubwicanyi aho kuba gukubita no gukomeretsa byateye urupfu nk’uko abiburanisha bikaba byumvikana ko impamvu ye y’uko yemera icyaha cyo gukubita no gukomeretse ari nayo mpamvu ashingiraho asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano nta shingiro ifite kuko icyaha yemera ataricyo yahamijwe. [34] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga harebwe ibisobanuro byatanzwe mu rubanza N° RPA 00060/2021/CA rwavuze haruguru ku birebana n’ukwemera icyaha kugirira uregwa akamaro aho rwagaragaje ko kugira akamaro iyo kudashidikanywaho, ni ukuvuga kutarimo kugoreka amakuru arebana n’uburyo icyaha cyakozwe, kuva gitegurwa kugeza gishyirwa mu bikorwa; hagaragazwa abakigizemo uruhare n’uruhare rwa nyiri ukwemera, ndetse n’inzira zose zakoreshejwe n’uburyo bwakoreshejwe kugirango kigerweho, rusanga ukwemera icyaha kwa Nsengiyumva Cassien kutashingirwaho nk’impamvu nyoroshyacyaha yashingirwaho agabanyirizwa igihano kuko kutuzuye kandi ku kagenda kugoreka amakuru arebana n’uburyo icyaha cyakozwe aho we yemera ko yakubise nyakwigendera inkoni ku kuguru no ku kuboko nyamara hari ibimenyetso byerekana ko ahubwo yamukubise agahini kavuyemo isuka

5 Reba urubanza N° RPA 00060/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nsabimana Callixte Alias Sankara na bagenzi be, urupapuro rwa 61, igika cya 136.

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bacukuzaga toilet ndetse akamukubita mu mutwe ari nabyo byamuviriyemo urupfu. Bityo kuba ukwemera icyaha kwe kutuzuye bikaba bitamubera impamvu nyoroshyaha [35] Urukiko rw’ubujurire rurasanga uretse no kuba Nsengiyumva Cassien atagabanyirizwa igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu kuko atemera icyaha mu buryo budashidikanywaho ngo avugishe ukuri nk’uko n’Urukiko Rukuru rwabibonye, rusanga niyo yaba akemera mu buryo budashidikanywaho bitaba impamvu ishingirwaho agabanyirizwa igihano kuko harebwe ubugome yagikoranye aho yafatiranye nyakwigendera Nyirumuringa Vestine mu ntege nke zo kuba yari atwite abireba, akamukubita agahini mu mutwe n’ingufu ze zose ku buryo bigera ku bwonko nk’uko raporo ya muganga ibigaragaza akaba ari nabyo byaje kuvamo ingaruka z’uko umwana yari atwite nawe apfa ndetse nawe akaza gupfa nyuma, bigaragaza ko icyo cyaha cyo kwica umugore we Nsengiyumva Cassien yagikoranye ubugome ndengakamere kandi iyo bigaragaye ko mu ikorwa ry’icyaha uregwa yagikoranye ubugome ndengakamere, ukwemera icyaha ntacyo kuba kukimariye uregwa ku birebana no kugabanyirizwa igihano. Uwo ni nawo murongo watanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza n° RPAA0126/11/CS rwaciwe ku wa 08/05/2015 aho rwemeje ko imbabazi Niyonsaba Boniface asaba atagomba kuzihabwa kuko icyaha aregwa yagikoranye ubugome ndengakamere. [36] Hashingiwe ku bisobanuro byatanzwe haruguru, Urukiko rurasanga kuba Urukiko Rukuru rwaremeje ko Nsengiyumva Cassien atagabanyirizwa igihano cya burundu yahanishijwe mbere nta kosa rwakoze kuko icyo gihano aricyo gikwiraye n’icyaha yakoze. Bityo ingingo ye y’ubujurire isaba kugabanyirizwa igihano ikaba nta shingiro ifite. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [37] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Nsengiyumva Cassien nta shingiro bufite; [38] Rwemeje ko Nsengiyumva Cassien ahamwa n’icyaha cy’ubwicanyi; [39] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza n˚ RPA 00758/2020/HC/RWG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana ku wa 30/05/2023 idahindutse mu ngingo zarwo zose; [40] Rwemeje ko igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu Nsengiyumva Cassien yahanishijwe mbere kigumyeho; [41] Rutegetse ko Nsengiyumva Cassien asonewe amagarama y'urubanza kuko aburana afunze.