UBUSHINJACYAHA v NSENGUMUREMYI

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v NSENGUMUREMYI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-12-29 - Case/document no.: RPAA 01240/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v NSENGUMUREMYI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE - RPAA 01240/2024/CA (Nyirandabaruta, P.J.) 29 Ukuboza 2025] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza - Imanza z’inshinjabyaha - Ikoreshwa ry’imirongo – Ihinduka ry’itegeko - Umurongo wari uriho ntushobora gukurikizwa mu gihe itegeko wari ushingiyeho ryavuyeho cyangwa ryahinduwe. Amategeko agenga imanza z’inshinjabyaha – Igabanyagihano – Icyaha gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu ntigishobora kugabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha ku buryo kijya munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15; kandi n’ihazabu iteganyijwe ntishobora kugabanywa ngo ibe yajya munsi ya kimwe cya kane cy’ihazabu nto iteganyirijwe icyaha. Incamake y’ikibazo: Nsengumuremyi yafatanwe udupfunyika 110 tw’urumogi yacuruzaga, Ubushinjacyaha bumurega mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi. Uregwa yaburanye yemera icyaha, urukiko rusanga ahamwa nacyo rumukatira igifungo cy’imyaka 25 n’ihazabu 20.000.000Frw. Uregwa ntiyanyuzwe n’icyo cyemezo, akijuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru asaba kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano, urukiko rusanga akwiye kugabanyirizwa rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5,000,000Frw. Uyu na none yatanze ubujurire bwa kabiri mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire asaba kugabanyrizwa, hasuzumwa ikibazo cyo kumenya niba yakongera kugabanyirizwa igihano. Nsengumuremyi asobnanura ko atari asanzwe acuruza urumogi ko ahubwo yabitewe n’ubukene kubera ingaruka za COVID byatumye abaura akazi, agasaba ko yakongera kugabanyrizwa igihano kikajya munsi y’icyo yahawe. Ubushinjacyaha buvuga uregwa atakongera kugabanyirizwa kuko igihano cye cyagabanijwe mu buryo buhagije agahabwa kugeza ku gihano cya nyuma giteganywa n’itegeko. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Umurongo wari uriho ntushobora gukurikizwa mu gihe itegeko wari ushingiyeho ryavuyeho cyangwa ryahinduwe; 2. Icyaha gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu ntigishobora kugabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha ku buryo kijya munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15; kandi n’ihazabu iteganyijwe ntishobora kugabanywa ngo ibe yajya munsi ya kimwe cya kane cy’ihazabu nto iteganyirijwe icyaha. Ubujurire, nta shingiro bufite. Nta mategeko yashingiweho: Imanza zifashishijwe: RPAA 00538/2024/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Cyuzuzo Jean Claude rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 21/01/2025;

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RPAA 00048/2020/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Bimenyimana Jean Paul, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 26/05/2022; RPAA 00769/2024/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Bizabarimana Cléophas, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/05/2025; RPAA 01273/2024/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Ndikubwimana Jean Damascene, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 18/07/2025. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Nsengumuremyi Nelson yafatiwe mu cyuho mu Mudugudu wa Gitabo, Akagari ka Nyakabungo, Umurenge wa Jali, Akarere ka Gasabo, ku wa 04/04/2021 afite udupfunyika 110 tw’urumogi yacuruzaga. Ubungezacyaha bwashyikirije dosiye ye Ubushinjacyaha, bumurega mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo gucuruza urumogi. [2] Nsengumuremyi Nelson yaburanye yemera icyaha, agisabira imbabazi, anasaba kugabanyirizwa ibihano. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo mu rubanza No RP 00508/2021/TGI/GSBO rwaciwe ku wa 07/06/2021, rwahamije Nsengumuremyi Nelson icyaha cyo kugurisha ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, rumugabanyiriwa ibihano kuko yaburanye yemera icyaha mu buryo budashidikanywa, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 25 n’ihazabu 20.000.000Frw. [3] Nsengumuremyi Nelson yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru mu rubanza No RPA 01101/2021/HC/KIG, asaba kugabanyirizwa ibihano, Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko byagabanywa hashingiwe ku Itegeko nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, agahanishwa igifungo cy'imyaka 15 n'ihazabu ya 5,000,000Frw. [4] Urukiko Rukuru rushingiye ku ngingo ya 2 y’iryo Tegeko, rwagabanyirije Nsengumuremyi Nelson ibihano, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5,000,000Frw. [5] Nsengumuremyi Nelson yajuririye iyo mikirize y’urubanza, mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza ruhabwa No RPAA 01240/2024/CA ruburanishwa mu ruhame ku wa 04/12/2025, aburana yunganiwe na Me Mukandera Clotilde, naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Gakwerere Javan, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [6] Mu myanzuro y’ubujurire bwe no miburanire, Nsengumuremyi Nelson asaba ko yakongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano, Umwunganizi we akavuga ko nubwo igihano Nsengumuremyi Nelson yahanishijwe gikurikije amategeko, Urukiko mu bushishozi bwarwo rwakongera kumugabanyiriza igihano. [7] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ibihano Nsengumuremyi Nelson yahanishijwe aribyo bihano bitoya Urukiko rutashoboraga kujya munsi, bityo ko ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite.

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[8] Ikibazo gisuzumwa muri uru rubanza ni icyo kumenya niba Nsengumuremyi Nelson yakongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano. II. ISESENGURA RY’IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA [9] Nsengumuremyi Nelson avuga ko yakoze icyaha abitewe n’ibihe bya COVID, ko atari asanzwe mu biyobyabwenge, bityo agasaba ko yakongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano yahawe by’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5,000,000Frw kubera ko ari ubwa mbere agonganye n’itegeko. [10] Me Mukandera Clotilde umwunganira avuga ko ashingiye ku biteganywa mu ngingo ya 2 y’Itegeko nº 69/2019 ryo ku wa 08/11/2019 rihindura Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, asanga igihano Nsengumuremyi Nelson yahanishijwe gikurikije amategeko, ko ariko mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko rwakimugabanyiriza. [11] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko Nsengumuremyi Nelson adakwiriye kongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano kuko yabigabanyirijwe bihagije. Ashingiye ku ngingo ya 2 y’Itegeko nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rimaze kuvugwa, asobanura ko uwahamwe n’icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye by’urumogi, iyo hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000Frw, aribyo bihano bito ntarengwa Urukiko rudashobora kujya munsi, ko rero ubujurire bwa Nsengumuremyi Nelson nta shingiro bufite. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [12] Impaka muri uru rubanza zishingiye ku kumenya niba Nsengumuremyi Nelson yakongera kugabanyirizwa igihano yahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000Frw. [13] Ikibazo nk’iki cyatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza Nº RPAA 00538/2024/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 21/01/2025, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Cyuzuzo Jean Claude. Muri urwo rubanza, Cyuzuzo Jean Claude wahanishijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru igihano igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5,000,000 Frw ku icyaha yahamijwe cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge by’urumogi, yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire asaba kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano. Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje (igika cya 12 cy’urwo rubanza) ko “mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe ku bahamijwe icyaha cyo gucuruza urumogi bahanishijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000 Frw hashingiwe ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha, bakajurira basaba kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano, uru Rukiko rwifashishije ibyemejwe mu rubanza nº RPAA 00048/2020/CA rwaciye ku wa 26/05/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Bimenyimana Jean Paul1, rwemeje ko imanza zose zaciwe mbere y’uko Itegeko nº 59/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura ingingo ya 60 y’Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange yateganyaga uburyo bwo kugabanya ibihano risohoka, zitagikoreshwa, maze rwemeza ko icyaha gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu kidashobora kugabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha ku buryo kijya munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15; kandi ko

1 Uru rubanza mu gika cyarwo cya 26 rwasobanuye ibijyanye n’uko Umurongo wari uriho udashobora gukurikizwa mu gihe itegeko wari ushingiyeho ryavuyeho cyangwa ryahinduwe.

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n’ihazabu iteganyijwe idashobora kugabanywa ngo ibe yajya munsi ya kimwe cya kane cy’ihazabu nto iteganyirijwe icyaha.” Uyu murongo wakoreshejwe mu zindi manza nyinshi zaciwe n’uru Rukiko2. [14] Nk’uko byagaragajwe haruguru (mu miterere y’urubanza) ndetse na Nsengumuremyi Nelson nawe abivuga, Urukiko Rukuru rwamuhanishije igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000Frw ku cyaha rwamuhamije cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi. [15] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiye ku murongo wavuzwe haruguru watanzwe mu rubanza Nº RPAA 00538/2024/CA, rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Cyuzuzo Jean Claude, rurasanga igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000Frw Nsengumuremyi Nelson yahawe mu rubanza rujuririrwa, ari cyo gihano gito giteganywa n’Itegeko kidashobora kugibwa munsi gihabwa wahamwe n’icyaha cyo gucuruza ibyobyabwenge3, bityo ibyo yajuriye asaba ko uru Rukiko rwakongera rukamugabanyiriza igihano bikaba nta shingiro bifite, akaba ari nta kigomba guhinduka ku mikirize y’urubanza Nsengumuremyi Nelson yajuririye. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [16] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Nsengumuremyi Nelson nta shingiro bufite. [17] Rwemeje ko urubanza No RPA 01101/2021/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 30/09/2024 rudahindutse. [18] Rwemeje ko igihano cy’ igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu ya 5,000,000Frw Nsengumuremyi Nelson yahanishijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku cyaha yahamijwe cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge by’urumogi kigumyeho. [19] Ruvuze ko Nsengumuremyi Nelson asonewe amagarama y’urubanza kuko aburana afunze.

2 Urugero: Urubanza Nº RPAA 00769/2024/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/05/2025, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Bizabarimana Cléophas (igika cya 30); Urubanza Nº RPAA 01273/2024/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 18/07/2025, Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Ndikubwimana Jean Damascene (igika cya 10); n’izindi.