NTASHAMAJE NA BAGENZI BE v. BPR Ltd

# NTASHAMAJE NA BAGENZI BE v. BPR Ltd

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2014-10-10 - Case/document no.: RCOMAA 0071/12/CS - Collection: Supreme Court

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NTASHAMAJE NA BAGENZI BE v. BPR Ltd [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA – RCOMAA 0071/12/CS (Mutashya, P.J., Nyirinkwaya na Gakwaya J.) Kuwa 10/10/2014] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’ubucuruzi – Itangwa ry’ikirego ku ishyirahamwe ridafite ubuzima gatozi – Abanyamuryango b’ishyirahamwe ridafite ubuzimagatozi bashobora gutanga ikirego buri umwe ku giti cye mu gihe bafite inyungu mu kuregera indishyi zikomoka ku gihombo cy’ishyirahamwe babereye abanyamuryango mu gihe icyo igihombo cyabagizeho ingaruka – Itegeko nº 21/2012 ryo kuwa 14/06/2012 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 9 Itegeko nº 21/2012 ryo kuwa 14/06/2012 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 2. Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’ubucuruzi – Kuvutswa amahirwe – Indishyi zituruka mu kuvutswa amahirwe zigenwa n’umucamanza mu bushishozi bwe, akurikije ko asanga ayo mahirwe yariho koko – Kuba banki yiyemerera ko yaafatiriye ibikoresho by’ishyirahamwe bigatuma ridakoraneza ngo ritange umusaruro, bikayitera igihombo , banki igomba kubitangira indishyi. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ntashamaje na bagenzi be bareze BPR mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi bayisaba indishyi zituruka ku kuba BPR Ltd yarafatiriye ibikoresho by’ishyirahamwe ryabo no kuba kandi itabahaye inguzanyo yari yaryemereye bigatuma ishyirahamwe ryabo rigira igihombo. Urukiko rwemeza ko ikirego cyabo gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe. Ntashamaje na bagenzi be barongeye barajurira mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga bavuga ko urukiko rwagenye indishyi zidahuye n’igihombo bagize. BPR nayo yajuriye ivuga ko ikirego cya Ntashamaje na bagenzi be kitari kwakirwa kubera ko batigeze berekana niba ari ishyirahamwe ryabo ryabatumye cyangwa se ngo berekane niba rikiriho. BPR yo ikavuga ko nta bubasha n’inyungu bari bafite byo kurega, ikaba ibasaba indishyi zo kuba barayishyoye mu manza nta mpanvu. Ikomeza ivuga ko urukiko rutari kwakira ikirego cya Ntashamaje na bagenzi be kubera ko batagombaga kuregera inyungu z’ishyirahamwe mu izina ryabo bwite kuko ritabatumye. Ntashamaje na bagenzi be bavuga ko ubujurire bwa BPR Ltd nta shingiro bufite kubera ko ababuranyi baburana ku kiburanwa cyonyine kandi bunvikanye ho, akaba ari indishyi zituruka ku kuba BPR yarafatiriye ibikoresho by’ishyirahamwe ritagira ubuzima gatozi akaba ariyo mpanvu buri wese yatanze ikirego cye, kuko ishyirahamwe ritagira ubuzima gatozi ridashobora kurega. Ku byerekeye indishyi, Ntashamaje na bagenzi be basaba, BPR ivuga ko urukiko rwazitanze ku buryo budasobanutse harimo no kwivuguruza ku buryo bukabije. BPR ikomeza avuga ko igihombo ari icy’ishyirahamwe atari icya Ntashamaje na bagenzi be, ko kandi nta masezerano bigeze bagirana na banki.Ntashamaje na bagenzi be nabo bavuga ko basabye indishyi bakurikije uko ishyirahamwe ryunguka, ko kandi iyo ibikoresho byayo bidafatirwa bari kunguka birenzeho.

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Barangiza basaba ko BPR yabaha amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’ay’igihembo cya Avoka kuberako BPR yabagize abatindi ifatira ibikoresho by’ishyirahamwe bikayitera igihombo kikabagiraho ingaruka. . Incamake y’icyemezo: 1.Abanyamuryango b’ishyirahamwe ridafite ubuzima gatozi bashobora gutanga ikirego buri muntu ku giti cye, bakaba bafite n’inyungu zo kuregera indishyi zikomoka ku gihombo ishyirahamwe babereye abanyamuryango ryagize mu gihe icyo igihombo ryagize kiba cyarabagizeho ingaruka. 2. Kuba Banki yarafatiriye ibikoresho by’ishyirahamwe bigatuma idashobora gukora byagize ingaruka ku musaruro ndetse n’izo ngaruka zigera kubanyamuryango waryo, ari nabyo basabira indishyi, ibyo ariko ntibyakwitwa igihombo gishingiye ku musaruro bari kubibyazamo muri icyo gihe cyose byari bifatiriwe nk'uko babyita, ahubwo ari amahirwe bavukijwe yo kuba bari gushobora kubikoresha bakabona inyungu . Ubujurre bw’uwarezwe nta shingiro bufite. Ubujurire bw’urega bufite ishingiro kuri bimmwe. Ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bw’uwarezwe nta shingiro bufite. Amagarama y’urubanza aherereye kuwarezwe. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko nº 21/2012 ryo kuwa 14/06/2012 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 9 Itegeko nº 21/2012 ryo kuwa 14/06/2012 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 2. Nta manza zifashishijwe: Ibitekerezo by’abahanga la notion de qualité contribue, comme l’intérêt à désigner le titulaire du droit d’agir.(…)”, Serge GUINCHARD, Droit et pratique de la procedure civile, cinquième édition, 2006, p.11. Alain BENBENT, “Droit Civil-les Obligations” Montchrétien, 2007, pp 477 et ss Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Rudakubana François, Ntashamaje Bertin na Kanani Alphonse bareze Banki y’Abaturage y’u Rwanda mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi bayisaba indishyi zingana na 40.000.000 Frw buri wese bavuga ko izo ndishyi zituruka ku kuba B.P.R Ltd yarafatiriye ibikoresho by’ishyirahamwe ryabo no kuba itabahaye inguzanyo yari yaryemereye bigatuma ishyirahamwe ryabo rigira

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igihombo. Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko ikirego cy’abarega gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe, rugenera buri wese mu barega 400.000 Frw . [2] Mu gusobanura icyemezo cyarwo ku bijyanye n’ububasha n’inyungu by’abarega, rwasanze abarega bafite ububasha bwo kurega basaba indishyi z’ishyirahamwe DUSABANE babereye abanyamuryango kubera ko ishyirahamwe DUSABANE babereye abanyamuryango nta buzimagatozi rifite bityo buri wese akaba ashobora kwitangira ikirego cye. [3] Ku bijyanye n’indishyi zisabwa, Urukiko rwasanze amafaranga abarega basaba batayatangira ibimenyetso by’ukuntu bari kuba barayungutse iyo baza guhabwa inguzanyo bari bemerewe, mu bushishozi bwarwo rugenera buri wese mu barega indishyi zingana na 400.000 Frw. [4] Ntashamaje Bertin na Rudakubana François ntibishimiye icyemezo cy’Urukiko bajurira mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga bavuga ko Urukiko rwagennye indishyi zidahuye n’igihombo bagize. Banki y’Abaturage yarajuriye ivuga ko ikirego cya Rudakubana François, Ntashamaje Bertin na Kanani Alphonse kitari kwakirwa kubera ko batigeze berekana niba ishyirahamwe Dusabane ryarabatumye cyangwe se niba rikiriho, bityo bakaba nta bubasha n’inyungu bari bafite, no kuba Urukiko rwaratanze indishyi zidafite aho zishingiye. [5] Banki y’Abaturage y’u Rwanda mu gusubiza imyanzuro y’ubujurire ya Rudakubana François na Ntashamaje Bertin, yatanze ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi isaba ko Rudakubana François na Ntashamaje Bertin bacibwa indishyi zo kuba barayishoye mu manza ku maherere kandi bazi neza ko igihombo bagize atariyo yagiteye. [6] Kanani Alphonse mu gusubiza imyanzuro y’ubujurire ya B.P.R Ltd nawe yatanze ubujurire bwuririye ku bwa B.P.R Ltd asaba ko indishyi yahawe mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi zakwiyongera hakurikijwe imbonerahamwe y’uburyo Ishyirahamwe ryungukaga. [7] Iburanisha ry’urubanza ryashyizwe ku wa 09/09/2014, Rudakubana François na Kanani Alphonse bahagarariwe na Me Mutabaruka Jean akanunganira Ntashamaje Bertin, naho B.P.R Ltd ihagarariwe na Me Mugemanyi Védaste II. IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYABYO A) Kumenya niba RUDAKUBANA, Ntashamaje na Kanani bafite ububasha n’inyungu byo gutanga ikirego gisaba indishyi zituruka ku gihombo Ishyirahamwe DUSABANE ryagize mu izina ryabo bwite . [8] Me Mugemanyi Védaste uburanira Banki y’Abaturage y’u Rwanda avuga ko Urukiko rutari kwakira ikirego cya Rudakubana François, Ntashamaje Bertin na Kanani Alphonse, kubera ko batigeze bagaragaza inyungu za buri wese , bakaba batagomba kuregera inyungu za Dusabane mu izina ryabo bwite kuko itabatumye, mu miburanire yabo bakaba batarigeze berekana uruhare rwa buri wese muri Dusabane. [9] Avuga ko ishyirahamwe ryari rigizwe n’abantu 205, bagenda basezera buhoro, mu birego byabo bakaba basigaye ari 11 bakaba basaba indishyi birengagije ko Dusabane nk’ishyirahamwe,

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ariyo yahawe inguzanyo muri B.P.R Ltd, ko rero baramutse bahawe izo ndishyi nta butabera Dusabane yaba ibonye. [10] Akomeza avuga ko n’ubwo buri wese ashobora kwiregera, ariko buri wese agomba kugaragaza igihombo yagize, ikindi kandi bakaba batarigeze bagaragaza niba ishyirahamwe rikiriho cyangwa niba ryarasheshwe ngo banagaragaze abanyamuryango basigayemo, ibyo baregera uyu munsi bikaba bikiri mu ishyirahamwe bitaraba ibya buri muntu ku giti cye ku buryo buri wese yabiheraho asaba indishyi ku giti cye. [11] Me Mutabaruka Jean uhagarariye Rudakubana François, na Kanani Alphonse akanunganira Ntashamaje Bertin , avuga ko ubujurire bwa B.P.R Ltd nta shingiro bufite hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 66 y’Itegeko nº 21/2012 ryo kuwa 14/06/2012 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi kubera ko ababuranyi baburana ku kiburanwa cyonyine kandi bumvikanyeho, kuko icyaburanyweho mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ari indishyi zituruka ku kuba B.P.R Ltd yarafatiriye ibikoresho by’ishyirahamwe Dusabane, iri akaba ari ishyirahamwe ritagira ubuzimagatozi akaba ariyo mpamvu buri wese yatanze ikirego cye, kandi bikaba byemewe n’amategeko kuko ishyirahamwe ritagira ubuzimagatozi ridashobora kurega, ko nta mpamvu n’imwe yatuma badakurikirana uburenganzira bwabo basaba inyungu zabo bwite. [12] Ku bijyanye no kuba barega bonyine kandi ishyirahamwe rigizwe n’abantu 205, Me Mutabaruka Jean avuga ko abo aburanira bagabanyije igihombo cy‘ishyirahamwe n’umubare w’abasigaye uko ari 11 babona uruhare rwa buri wese bakaba batararegeye igihombo cy’ishyirahamwe ryose, ahubwo bararegeye igihombo bo bagize. [13] Ntashamaje Bertin we avuga ko buri wese yitangiye ikirego cye ku giti cye hanyuma bihurizwa hamwe , ko mu bataratanze ikirego harimo batatu (3) bapfuye abandi bakaba nta bushobozi bafite bwo kurega ariyo mpamvu aribo batanze ikirego basaba indishyi zituruka ku gihombo ishyirahamwe ryagize, nabo bikabagiraho ingaruka. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [14] Ingingo ya 2 y’Itegeko nº 21/2012 ryo kuwa 14/06/2012 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, iteganya ko ikirego kitemerwa mu rukiko iyo urega adafite ububasha, inyungu n’ubushobozi bwo kurega, naho igika cya kabiri cyayo kigateganya ko ibivuzwe mu gika cya mbere bireba amashyirahamwe n’ibigo bidafite ubuzimagatozi kuko bidashobora kurega ariko ko bishobora kuregwa. [15] Ku byerekeranye n’ububasha bw’umuburanyi bwo kurega (qualité), abahanga mu mategeko basobanura ko budatandukanywa n’inyungu(intérêt) aba afite yo kurega1 [16] Ku bijyanye n’uru rubanza, Urukiko rurasanga nk’uko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwabyemeje n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rukaba rwemeranya n’ibisobanuro rwatanze, Rudakubana François, Ntashamaje Bertin na Kanani Alphonse bafite inyungu mu kuregera indishyi zikomoka 1la notion de qualité contribue, comme l’intérêt à désigner le titulaire du droit d’agir.(…)”, Serge GUINCHARD, Droit et pratique de la procedure civile, cinquième édition, 2006, p.11.

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ku gihombo ishyirahamwe Dusabane babereye abanyamuryango ryagize, inyungu bakomora kuba ari abanyamuryango b’ishyirahamwe Dusabane ritagira ubuzimagatozi kandi igihombo ryagize kikaba cyarabagizeho ingaruka. [17] Urukiko rurasanga kandi bagomba kwitangira ikirego ku giti cyabo kubera ko Ishyirahamwe DUSABANE babereye abanyamuryango ritagira ubuzimagatozi, rikaba ridashobora kurega, kuba baba batakiri abanyamuryango baryo nk’uko B.P.R Ltd ibiburanisha cyangwa se ishyirahamwe DUSABANE ritakiriho, B.P.R Ltd ibiburanisha ikaba nta bimenyetso yabitangiye kandi ari inshingano zayo hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 9 y’Itegeko nº 21/2012 ryo kuwa 14/06/2012 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ikigaragarira Urukiko akaba ari uko bagaragara ku rutonde rw’abanyamuryango b’Ishyirahamwe DUSABANE ryahawe inguzanyo na B.P.R Ltd ari nayo yatanze urwo rutonde ubwo urubanza rwaburanishwaga mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, bityo iyi ngingo y’ubujurire ikaba nta shingiro ifite. b) Kumenya ishingiro ry’indishyi RUDAKUBANA Bertin, KANANI Alphonse na NTASHAMAJE basaba Banki y’Abaturage y’u Rwanda. [18] Me MUGEMANYI Védaste uburanira B.P.R Ltd avuga ko Urukiko rwatanze indishyi ku buryo budasobanutse(d’une façon arbitraire), harimo no kwivuguruza ku buryo bukabije, kubera ko Urukiko rwivugiye ko nta bimenyetso abarega batanze bigaragaza ko bari kunguka amafaranga basabaga iyo ibikoresho byaryo bidafatirwa, nyamara rurarenga rugenera indishyi abarega. [19] Akomeza avuga ko B.P.R Ltd ntako itagize ikaba yarakomeje kugenda ibaha amafaranga n’ubwo bahoraga bashwana, ko yanageze aho ikabasubiza inyungu zabo bari barayihaye zigera kuri 929.837 Frw. [20] Avuga ko ishyirahamwe DUSABANE ryari rifite amakimbirane, akaba agaragazwa n’ibaruwa yo kuwa 17/12/2004 yanditswe n’abanyamuryango bagera kuri 43 barisezeramo kubera imikorere mibi yaryo harimo n’iyo baregaga Perezida waryo ariwe NTASHAMAJE Bertin, iyi mikorere mibi ikaba ariyo yabaye intandaro y’igihombo bagize ndetse n’Umucamanza wo mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi akaba yarabyemeje avuga ko nta bimenyetso by’igihombo bigeze bagaragaza nyamara akabirengaho akagenera buri wese amafaranga 400.000 Frw mu buryo budasobanutse. [21] Avuga ko igihombo ari icya DUSABANE atari icya Ntashamaje Bertin, Rudakubana François na Kanani Alphonse, ko badashobora kuvuga aho igihombo cyabo kigarukira, ko nta masezerano B.P.R Ltd yigeze igirana n’abayirega, ko batanagombye gusaba igihombo gituruka ku masezerano batigeze bagirana nayo, ko bigaragara ko nta gihombo bagize kiramutse cyaranabonetse cyaba ari icya DUSABANE ntabwo cyaba ari icyabo, ikindi kandi kuba igihombo cyaraturutse ku mikorere mibi y’Ishyirahamwe, nta kuntu B.P.R Ltd yagombye gucibwa indishyi mu gihe nta makosa ifite ku bijyanye n’imikorere mibi y’ishyirahamwe. [22] Akomeza avuga ko ibikoresho Rudakubana François, Ntashamaje Bertin na Kanani Alphonse bavuga byafatiriwe n’ubwo nta bimenyetso babitangira, ari ibya DUSABANE ari nayo yemerewe kubikurikirana kuko ariyo ifitanye amasezerano na B.P.R Ltd , asoza avuga ko

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Rudakubana François, KANANI Alphonse na Ntashamaje Bertin bagomba gucibwa amafaranga 1.500.000 Frw akubiyemo amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’Avoka kubera gushora B.P.R Ltd mu manza ku maherere. [23] Me Mutabaruka Jean wunganira Ntashamaje Bertin akanahagararira Rudakubana na Kanani Alphonse mu gusubiza impamvu z’ubujurire za Banki y’Abaturage y’u Rwanda avuga ko indishyi basabye bazisabye bakurikije uko ishyirahamwe ryungukaga, ko kandi iyo ibikoresho byaryo bidafatirwa bari kunguka birenzeho, ko ibijyanye no kuba Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwarivuguruje, byasuzumwa n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga kubera ko nabo bajuririye urwo rubanza, ko kuvuga ko igihombo cyatewe n’imikorere mibi ya DUSABANE ataribyo byari byaregewe ko nta n’impamvu yari ihari yo kubisuzuma. [24] Me Mutabaruka Jean avuga ko nabo bajuriye kubera ko Urukiko mu kugena indishyi rwagenekereje nyamara hari imibare ifatika, ko ibikoresho byafatiriwe n’igihombo byateje bingana na 40.000.000Frw, habariwemo n’ibyo batakaje bakurikirana uru rubanza, izi ndishyi zikaba zikubiyemo igihombo batejwe kingana na 17.000.000 Frw kuri buri muntu n’indishyi z’akababaro kubera ibikoresho byabo byamaze imyaka 10 bifatiriwe nyamara baratanze ingwate y’ishyamba akaba ariryo ryagombaga gufatirwa. [25] Akomeza asabira Rudakubana François na Kanani Alphonse 500.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza kuri buri muntu, na 1.000.000 Frw y’igihembo cya avoka kuri buri muntu. [26] Ntashamaje Bertin nawe avuga ko kubera ko BPR Ltd yabagize abatindi ifatira ibikoresho by’ishyirahamwe ikaribuza gukora bikayitera igihombo kikabagiraho ingaruka, ariyo mpamvu asaba 40.000.000 Frw akanasaba 500.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza, na 1.000.000 Frw y’igihembo cya avoka. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [27] Urukiko rurasanga igihombo n’indishyi Ntashamaje Bertin, Kanani Alphonse na Rudakubana François baregera, babishingira ku bikoresho by’ishyirahamwe DUSABANE babereye abanyamuryango byafatiriwe mu gihe kingana n’imyaka 10, bigatuma ridakora akazi karyo bikaritera igihombo nabo kikabagiraho ingaruka. [28] Urukiko rurasanga B.P.R Ltd idahakana ko koko yafatiriye ibikoresho by’ishyirahamwe DUSABANE , ibi bikaba bishimangirwa n’ibaruwa Banki y’Abaturage y’u Rwanda icyicaro gikuru cyandikiye Ishyirahamwe DUSABANE ku wa 06/10/2006, aho iyi Banki yemeraga ko ibikoresho byafatiriwe bikwiye gusubizwa n’inyungu zakaswe ishyirahamwe zigasubizwa, iyi baruwa yakurikiwe n’ibaruwa Banki y’Abaturage Ishami rya Taba-Runda ryandikiye DUSABANE ririsaba kuza mu mishyikirano ku wa 21/10/2006 hakarebwa uburyo ibikoresho byasubizwa ibyangiritse bikishyurwa ibindi bigakorerwa igenagaciro n’impuguke za ARDI bikishyurwa. [29] Urukiko rurasanga ku wa 21/10/2006 ubwo impande zombi zahuraga kugira ngo zige ikibazo cy’ibikoresho byafatiriwe kimwe n’ibyangirikiye aho umushinga ukorera, muri iyo nama impande zombi zaremeje ko raporo y’uko ibikoresho bya DUSABANE byangiritse izemezwa bitarenze mu kwa 12/2006.

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[30] Urukiko rurasanga ku wa 22/12/2006, Banki y’Abaturage ishami rya Taba-Runda yaremeye ko bitarenze ku wa 29/12/2006 izaba yashyize kuri Konti y’ishyirahamwe 1.731.563 Frw harimo 929.837 Frw y’inyungu Banki yagiye ifatira mu gihe ibikoresho by’ishyirahamwe byari byarafatiriwe, na 801.666 Frw yo gusana ikizu umushinga uzakoreramo (amortissement) nyuma yo gusinya amasezerano imbere ya Notaire, kuri iyi tariki amasezerano akaba koko yarasinywe. [31] Urukiko rurasanga BPR Ltd itarigeze ikemura ikibazo cy’ibikoresho byafatiriwe nk’uko impande zombi zari zabisezeranye ku wa 21/10/2006 no ku wa 22/12/2006 , cyangwa se ngo igarure amafaranga y’inyungu yagiye ifatira, ahubwo kugeza ku wa 02/07/2007 DUSABANE ikaba yari icyandika iyisaba kubahiriza ayo masezerano. [32] Urukiko rurasanga iyi migirire ya B.P.R Ltd yaratumye Ntashamaje Bertin, KANANI Alphonse na Rudakubana François bamwe mu bagize Ishyirahamwe DUSABANE babura amahirwe yo gukoresha inguzanyo bari bemerewe no kubyaza umuzaruro ibikoresho byabo byafatiriwe, bityo bakaba bagomba kubiherwa indishyi. [33] Urukiko rurasanga kuba BPR Ltd yarafatiriye ibikoresho by’ishyirahamwe DUSABANE bigatuma idashobora gukora byagize ingaruka ku musaruro ndetse n’izo ngaruka zigera kuri Ntashamaje Bertin, KANANI Alphonse na Rudakubana François ari nabyo basabira indishyi, ibyo ariko ntibyakwitwa igihombo gishingiye ku musaruro bari kubibyazamo muri icyo gihe cyose byari bifatiriwe nkuko babyita (manque à gagner), ahubwo ari amahirwe bavukijwe (perte d’une chance) yo kuba bari gushobora kubikoresha bakabona inyungu ariko zitangana byanze bikunze n’izo basaba, ko rero nkuko abahanga mu mategeko babivuga ( reba Alain BENBENT, “Droit Civil-les Obligations” Montchrétien, 2007, pp 477 et ss aho agira ati :” Pour tenir compte du degré de probabilité afferent à la chance perdue, la réparation ne peut être que partielle: la victime ne peut obtenir la totalité de l’avantage espéré mais seulement une fraction plus ou moins grande selon sa probabilité”) ndetse n’imanza zaciwe kuri icyo kibazo (Comme en responsabilité délictuelle, le juge du fond apprécie souverainement le préjudice dès l’instant qu’il a caractérisé la perte de chance. Cf. Civ. 1ère, 10 juillet 2002, Bull.civ. I, nº 197), indishyi zituruka mu kuvutswa amahirwe zigenwa n’umucamanza mu bushishozi bwe, akurikije ko asanga ayo mahirwe yariho koko. [34] Urukiko rurasanga nk’uko bimaze kuvugwa mu gika kibanziriza iki, indishyi zigomba kugenerwa Ntashamaje Bertin, KANANI Alphonse na Rudakubana François zitagomba gushingira ku mbonerahamwe bashyikirije Urukiko igaragaza uburyo umushinga wagombaga kujya wunguka kubera ko igishingirwaho atari igihombo n’uburyo umushinga wunguka, ahubwo ari amahirwe bari bafite yo kubyaza umusaruro umushinga wabo, indishyi bagenerwa zikaba zigomba kugenwa mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko, bityo 400.000 Frw bagenewe mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi Urukiko rukaba rusanga akwiye, hakiyongeraho gusa amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza yo kuri uru rwego angana na 300.000 Frw kuri buri muntu agenwe mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko. III. ICYEMEZO CY‘URUKIKO

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[35] Rwemeje kwakira ubujurire bwatanzwe na B.P.R Ltd ruvuze ko nta shingiro bufite; [36] Rwemeje ko kwakira ubujurire bwatanzwe na Rudakubana François na Ntashamaje Bertin, ruvuze ko bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe; [37] Rwemeje kwakira ubujurire bwa KANANI Alphonse bwuririye ku bwa B.P.R Ltd ruvuze ko bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe; [38] Rwemeje kwakira ubujurire bwa B.P.R Ltd bwuririye ku bwa Rudakubana na Ntashamaje, ruvuze ko nta shingiro bufite; [39] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza nº RCOM 0303-304-305/12/HCC rwaciwe ku wa 01/06/2014 ruhindutse gusa ku bijyanye n’amafaranga 900.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’avoka agenewe Rudakubana François, Ntashamaje Bertin na KANANI Alphonse buri wese 300.000 Frw yiyongera ku 400.000 Frw bagenewe mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, buri wese agahabwa na B.P.R Ltd 700.000 Frw; [40] Rutegetse Banki y’Abaturage y’u Rwanda kwishyura amagarama y’urubanza angana na 100.000 Frw.