Re NYIRAHARERIMANA

# Re NYIRAHARERIMANA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2021-10-26 - Case/document no.: RCA 00002/2021/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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Re NYIRAHARERIMANA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RCA 00002/2021/CA (Tugireyezu., P.J.) 26 Ukwakira 2021] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza mbonezamubano – Gukosora cyangwa gusobanura Urubanza – Umwirondoro w’umuburanyi – Amakosa y’imyandikire mu mwirondoro w’umuburanyi ari mu rubanza agomba gukosorwa ugahuzwa n’umwirondoro ugaragara ku byangombwa bye. Uru rubanza rwatangiye Nyiraharerimana mu izina ry’abana be Ganza na Izihirwe atanga ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gicumbi arega Radiant Insurance Company Ltd, asaba indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka yaguyemo Ntagungira, barabyaranye abo bana.Urukiko rwamugeneye indishyi ariko ntiyazishimira avuga ko ari nkeya, ajurira mu Rukiko Rukuru, narwo rumugenera ariko irangizwa ry’urubanza rirananirana kubera ko kuri kopi y’urubanza handitsweho izina Nyiraharerimana aho kuba Nyiraharerimana Jeanne. Nyiraharerimana yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko Rukuru asaba gukosora imyirondoro ye avuga ko byanditswe ko yitwa Nyiraharerimana irindi zina rye rya Jeanne riribagirana, kandi ayo mazina ariyo ari ku ndangamuntu ye n’ibindi byangombwa bitandukanye yashyikirije Urukiko.Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko ikirego cya Nyiraharerimana gisaba gukosora imyirondoro ye, nta shingiro gifite. Nyiraharerimana mu izina ry’abana Ganza na Izihirwe yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire asaba ko icyemezo cy’Urukiko Rukuru cyahindurwa maze ku izina rya Nyiraharerimana hakongerwaho Jeanne kugirango urubanza rubashe kurangizwa kuko byananiranye.Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ko Urukiko Rukuru rwakoze amakosa mu kwanga gukosora umwirondoro wa Nyiraharerimana, bityo ko uwo mwirondoro ugomba gukosorwa hakandikwa Nyiraharerimana Jeanne. Incamake y’icyemezo : Amakosa y’imyandikire mu rubanza agomba gukosorwa mu Rukiko rwaruciye cyangwa mu Rukiko rwajuririwe, bityo amakosa y’imyandikire mu mwirondoro w’umuburanyi ari mu rubanza agomba gukosorwa ugahuzwa n’umwirondoro ugaragara ku byangombwa bye. Ubujurire bufite ishingiro Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 140. Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RS/RECT/RC00001/2019/SC rwa Rutagarama Eliseus rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 31/05/2019 Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA

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[1] Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gicumbi, Nyiraharerimana mu izina ry’abana Ganza Kevine na Izihirwe Manzi Kelly n’abandi babifitiye uburenganzira, baburana na Radiant Insurance Company Ltd ibijyanye n’indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka y’imodoka yaguyemo uwitwa Ntagungira Xavier, bari barabyaranye abana Ganza Kevine na Izihirwe Manzi Kelly; nyuma yo kutishimira indishyi bagenewe n’urwo Rukiko, bajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, ruca urubanza RCA00417/2020/HC/KIG rwaciwe ku wa 24/09/20201, yemererwa indishyi ariko irangizwa ry’urubanza rirananirana kubera ko kuri kopi y’urubanza handitsweho izina Nyiraharerimana aho kuba Nyiraharerimana Jeanne. [2] Nyiraharerimana yaje gutanga ikirego gisaba gukosora imyirondoro ye avuga ko byanditswe ko yitwa ‘‘Nyiraharerimana’’ irindi zina rye rya ‘‘Jeanne’’ riribagirana, kandi Nyiraharerimana Jeanne ariyo mazina ari ku ndangamuntu ye n’ibindi byangombwa bitandukanye yashyikirije Urukiko, ibyo bikaba bimuteza ibibazo mu irangizwa ry’urwo rubanza. [3] Mu rubanza RS/RECT/RC00014/2021/HC/KIG rwaciwe ku wa 27/4/2021, Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko ikirego cya Nyiraharerimana gisaba gukosora imyirondoro ye, nta shingiro gifite, rutegeka ko nta gihinduka ku mikirize y’urubanza RCA00417/2019/HC/KIG rwo ku wa 24/9/2020 kuko haba mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gicumbi ndetse no Rukiko Rukuru nta hagaragara ko izina rya Jeanne riri mu mwirondoro we nk’uko abivuga, hakaba rero nta kosa ryakozwe mu myandikire y’urubanza no RCA00417/2019/HC/KIG kuko izina yatanze mu mwirondoro we ari naryo rigaragara muri matolewa yarwo. [4] Nyiraharerimana mu izina ry’abana Ganza Kevine na Izihirwe Manzi Kelly yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire asaba ko icyemezo cy’Urukiko Rukuru cyahindurwa maze ku izina rya Nyiraharerimana hakongerwaho Jeanne nk’uko ibyangombwa bitandukanye byagiye bibigaragaza. Iburanisha ry’urubanza ryabaye mu nama y’abacamanza ku wa 12/10/2021, isomwa ry’urubanza rishyirwa ku wa 25/10/2021, ryimurirwa ku wa 26/10/2021. II. IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYACYO Kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwarakoze amakosa mu kwanga gukosora umwirondoro wa Nyiraharerimana nk’uko ibyangombwa byatanzwe bibigaragaza. [5] Nyiraharerimana mu izina ry’abana Ganza Kevine na Izihirwe Manzi Kelly avuga ko asaba gukosora umwirondoro we hakandikwa Nyiraharerimana Jeanne wari uhagarariye abana be mu rubanza RCA00417/2019/HC/KIG rwaciwe ku wa 24/9/2020, kuko irangizwa ryarwo ryananiranye kubera ko bahawe chèque yanditseho izina rimwe ariryo Nyiraharerimana mu gihe irangamuntu ye iriho amazina yombi Nyiraharerimana Jeanne. [6] Asobanura ko yerekanye ibimenyetso bitandukanye bigaragaza ko Nyiraharerimana Jeanne ariyo mazina nyakuri ndetse kuva mu intangiriro hose umwishingizi asabwa indishyi mu bwumvikane aya mazina yari yanditse neza, na attestations zatanzwe n’Umurenge wa Muyongwe zibigaragaza ariko umucamanza wasabwe gukosora arabyirengagiza, ndetse yirengagiza n’ibiteganywa n’amategeko yagaragarijwe maze yemeza ko urwo rubanza rudakosorwa nyamara nawe yagaragarijwe ko kururangiza bidashoboka, agasaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ngo rubikosore rwemeze ko imyirondoro ya Nyiraharerimana Jeanne ikosorwa maze ahanditse Nyiraharerimana gusa 1 Urwo rubanza rugaragara kuri kopi ko rufite nº RCA 00031/2020/HC/HC/KIG, nyamara haba muri IECMS no ku nyandikomvugo y’isomwa ry’urubanza nirwo rufite nº RCA 00417/2019/HC/KIG rwaciwe ku wa 24/9/2020, iyi numero RCA 00417/2019/HC/KIG akaba ariyo numero nyakuri y’urubanza.

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rukemeza ko hose hahinduka Nyiraharerimana Jeanne nk‘uko bigaragara ku irangamuntu ye ndetse no ku byangombwa bitandukanye byagarajwe. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [7] Ingingo ya 140 y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya, mu gika cya mbere iteganya ko urubanza rukosora urundi, rukosora gusa amakosa y’imyandikire. [8] Ingingo ya 140 y’iryo tegeko mu gika cya 2 iteganya ko urubanza rusobanura urundi cyangwa rukosora urundi rwuzuza urubanza rwasabiwe gusobanurwa cyangwa gukosorwa (...). [9] Ku birebana n’uru rubanza, Urukiko rusanga ikigomba gukosorwa ari ukongera izina Jeanne ku izina Nyiraharerimana nk‘uko bisobanurwa n’uwatanze iki kirego kuko iri zina naryo ari irye nk’uko bigaragarazwa n’ibyangombwa bitandukanye yatanze yashikirije Urukiko. [10] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza ko mu nkiko, haba mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gicumbi ndetse no mu Rukiko Rukuru, bagiye bandika izina rimwe ariryo rya Nyiraharerimana, ko nta hantu na hato haba haranditswe ko yaba yitwa Jeanne mu gihe nyamara umwirondoro we nyakuri uri ku ndangamuntu no ku bindi byangombwa bitandukanye ari Nyiraharerimana Jeanne, akaba ari nacyo yasabye ko cyakosorwa ngo izina rya Jeanne ryongerweho kugira ngo urubanza yaburanye na Radiant Insurance Company Ltd rwamaze kuba itegeko rushobore kurangizwa. [11] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaramo kopi y‘indangamuntu ifite nº 1 1988 70127165284, iriho amazina Nyirahabimana Jeanne, harimo kandi icyemezo cy’uko umuntu ariho cyatanzwe n’Umunyabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge wa Muyongwe ku wa 11/12/2018 cyanditseho amazina ya Nyiraharerimana Jeanne ndetse n’icyemezo kiranga umuntu cyatanzwe n’Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge wa Muyongwe ku wa 28/01/2019 kigaragaraho amazina ya Nyirahabimana Jeanne. [12] Igika cya 3 cy’urubanza RS/RECT/RC00014/2021/HC/KIG rujuririrwa rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 27/4/2021, Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko ikirego cya Nyiraharerimana gisaba gukosora imyirondoro ye nta shingiro gifite, rutegeka ko nta gihinduka ku mikirize y’urubanza RCA00417/2019/HC/KIG rwo ku wa 24/9/2020 ngo kubera ko mu manza zose zaciwe haba mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gicumbi ndetse no Rukiko Rukuru nta hagaragara ko izina rya Jeanne riri mu mwirondoro we nk’uko abivuga, hakaba rero nta kosa ryakozwe mu myandikire y’urubanza no RCA00417/2019/HC/KIG kuko izina yatanze mu mwirondoro we ari naryo rigaragara muri matolewa yarwo. [13] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga koko mu manza zaciwe haba mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gicumbi ndetse no Rukiko Rukuru hararegaga Nyiraharerimana, mu izina ry’abana be Ishimwe Ganza Kevine na Izihirwe Manzi Kelly, ubarizwa ahitwa Gahabwa-Gasiza-Muhondo-Gakenke mu Ntara y’Amajyaruguru, akaba nta na hamwe yigeze agaragaza ko yitwa Nyiraharerimana Jeanne nyamara mu byangombwa bye byose byatanzwe n’ubuyobozi bubifitiye ububasha hagaragaramo ko umwirondoro we nyakuri ari Nyiraharerimana Jeanne. [14] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga rero muri izo manza zose harabaye amakosa y’imyandikire mu kwandika umwirondoro nyakuri wa Nyiraharerimana, mu manza zaciwe kuva mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gicumbi kugera mu Rukiko Rukuru, ayo makosa akaba akwiye gukosorwa, umwirondoro we ukaba Nyiraharerimana Jeanne aho kuba Nyiraharerimana gusa nk’uko bigaragara

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muri kopi y‘indangamuntu ifite nº 1 1988 70127165284, mu cyemezo cy’uko umuntu ariho cyatanzwe n’Umunyabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge wa Muyongwe ku wa 11/12/2018 n’icyemezo kiranga umuntu cyatanzwe n’Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge wa Muyongwe ku wa 28/01/2019. Ibi ni nako byemejwe mu rubanza mu RS/RECT/RC00001/2019/SC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 31/05/20192, aho Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, mu rubanza rusaba gukosora, rwakosoye amakosa yagaragaraga mu mwirondoro wa Rutagarama Eliseus agahuzwa n’uwanditse mu ndangamuntu ye yashyikirijwe Urukiko rw’Ikirenga. [15] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga rero, hashingiwe ku bisobanuro bimaze gutangwa, Urukiko Rukuru rwarakoze amakosa mu kwanga gukosora umwirondoro wa Nyiraharerimana, mu manza zaciwe kuva mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gicumbi kugera mu Rukiko Rukuru, kubw’ibyo uwo mwirondoro ukaba ugomba gukosorwa hakandikwa Nyiraharerimana Jeanne haba mu rubanza RC00040/2019/TGI/GIC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gicumbi ku wa 19/09/2019 no mu rubanza RCA00417/2020/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 24/9/2020 kuko ariyo mazina ari ku byangombwa bye bitandukanye byatanzwe n’urwego rubifitiye ububasha. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [16] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Nyiraharerimana mu izina ry’abana Ganza Kevine na Izihirwe Manzi Kelly bufite ishingiro; [17] Rwemeje ko umwirondoro wa Nyiraharerimana ukosowe, hakandikwa Nyiraharerimana Jeanne haba mu rubanza RC00040/2019/TGI/GIC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gicumbi ku wa 19/09/2019 no mu rubanza RCA00417/2020/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 24/09/2020. [18] Rwemeje ko uru rubanza RCA00002/2021/CA rwuzuza kandi ko rugize urubanza rumwe n’urubanza RCA00417/2020/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 24/9/2020. 2 Urubanza RS/RECT/RC 00001/2019/SC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 31/05/2019.