UBUSHINJACYAHA vs. NYIRANZAYINO BYUKUSENGE

# UBUSHINJACYAHA vs. NYIRANZAYINO BYUKUSENGE

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2024-12-13 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00500/2023/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA vs. NYIRANZAYINO BYUKUSENGE [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00500/2023/CA (Kanyange, P.J.,) 13 Ukuboza 2024] Amategeko agenga imanza nshinjabyaha – Icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’imyaka itanu y’amavuko (5) – Gusaba kugabanyirizwa igihano – Mu rwego rw’ibirego nshinjabyaha, iyo abaregwa nta kindi banenga urubanza rwajuririwe, uretse kuvuga gusa ko batagabanyirijwe bihagije, buri mucamanza ku rwego urwo arirwo rwose, yemerewe gutanga igihano mu bushishozi bwe kijyanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha ndetse n’ingaruka zacyo. Incamake y’ikibazo: Nyiranzabayo Byukusenge alias Esther w’imyaka makumyabiri y’amavuko (20), akurikiranweho icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’umuhungu w’imyaka itanu (5) wiswe U.N.E muri uru rubanza, maze akurikiranwa n’Ubushinjacyaha. Nyuma y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwamureze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, bushingiye ku bimenyetso birimo imvugo za se w’uwo mwana, imvugo ya Nyiranzayino mu Bugenzacyaha aho yemeye icyaha akanasobanura uko yagikoze n’imvugo z’abatangabuhamya bahurujwe na se w’umwana, maze bumusabira igifungo cya burundu. Mu iburanisha, Nyiranzayino yaburanye ahakana icyaha. Urukiko rwaciye urubanza, rusanga hari ibimenyetso bihamya Nyiranzayino Byukusenge icyaha akurikiranweho bigizwe n’uko yacyemeye mu Bugenzacyaha aho yasobanuye uko icyaha cyakozwe, uko kwemera kugashimangirwa n’imvugo za se w’umwana wasobanuye ko yamufatiye mu cyuho amusambanya.Urukiko rushingiye kuri ibyo bimnyetso, rwemeje ko Nyiranzayino Byukusenge ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, maze rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu. Nyiranzayino ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza maze ajurira mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza avuga ko yemera icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana yareraga akaba agisabira imbabazi, anasaba kugabanyirizwa igihano ndetse icyo yahabwa kigasubikwa. Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko Urukiko rwamugabanyiririza igihano mu bushishozi bwarwo ariko ko kitasubikwa. Urukiko rwaciye urubanza, rusanga Nyiranzayino atagabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku kwemera icyaha yakoreye bwa mbere mu bujurire, ko ariko hari izindi mpamvu zatuma igihano yahawe kigabanywa harimo kuba icyaha yakoze nta ngaruka zikomeye cyateje hashingiwe ku byagaragajwe na raporo ya muganga, kuba ari ubwa mbere aguye mu cyaha no kuba yari akiva mu bwana kuko yari afite imyaka makumyabiri (20), maze rwemeza ko ubujurire bwe bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe, bityo ko imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe ihindutse ku birebana n’igihano, maze rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20). Nyiranzayino yatanze ubujurire bwa kabiri mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, avuga ko ubujurire bwe bugamije gusaba kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20) yahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru, hashingiwe ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha zuko nta ngaruka icyaha cyateje muri sosiyete kandi ari ubwa mbere akurikiranwe mu nkiko.

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Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko uregwa atakongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano kuko asanga yaragabanyirijwe mu buryo buhagije. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Mu rwego rw’ibirego nshinjabyaha iyo abaregwa nta kindi banenga urubanza rwajuririwe, uretse kuvuga gusa ko batagabanyirijwe bihagije, buri mucamanza ku rwego urwo arirwo rwose, yemerewe gutanga igihano mu bushishozi bwe kijyanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha ndetse n’ingaruka zacyo. 2. Kuba ari ubwa mbere uregwa akurikiranweho icyaha mu buryo buzwi no kuba aribwo yari akiva mu bwana bifatwa nk’impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, bityo urukiko rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itandatu (16) aho kuba makumyabiri (20). Ubujurire bufite ishingiro.

Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ingingo ya 49. Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RPA 00060/2021/CA rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Nsabimana Callixte alias Sankara na bagenzi be, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 04/04/2022; Urubanza RPAA 00447/2021/CA rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Niyonkuru Jean Bosco, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28/02/2024. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Nyiranzabayo Byukusenge alias Esther akurikiranweho icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’umuhungu w’imyaka itanu (5) wiswe U.N.E1 muri uru rubanza, Ubushinjacyaha bukavuga ko cyakozwe ku wa 06/04/2023 ubwo yari umukozi wo mu rugo kwa Ndayisenga Emile, bukavuga ko uyu yasanze Nyiranzabayo ari ku gitanda cy’abana yambaye ubusa umwana amuri hejuru nawe yamuvanyemo ikabutura, bamwikanze ahita amuvaho, maze atangira gukurikiranwa. [2] Nyuma y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwamureze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, bushingiye ku bimenyetso birimo imvugo za se w’uwo mwana, imvugo ya Nyiranzayino mu Bugenzacyaha aho yemeye icyaha akanasobanura uko yagikoze n’imvugo z’abatangabuhamya bahurujwe na se w’umwana, bumusabira igifungo cya burundu. [3] Nyiranzayino Byukusenge yaburanye ahakana icyaha, avuga ko Ndayisenga Emile yasanze ari kumwe n’umwana nta kintu bari gukora ahita avuga ko yari amaze kumusambanya, ko ahubwo yamusabaga kumwishyura amafaranga ye akabyanga.

1 Urubanza RPAA 00048/2020/CA rwaciwe ku wa 26/05/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Bimenyimana Jean Paul

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[4] Urukiko rwaciye urubanza RP Min 00060/2023/TGI/MHG ku wa 23/06/2023, rusanga hari ibimenyetso bihamya Nyiranzayino Byukusenge icyaha akurikiranweho bigizwe n’uko yacyemeye mu Bugenzacyaha aho yasobanuye uko icyaha cyakozwe, uko kwemera kugashimangirwa n’imvugo za se w’umwana wasobanuye ko yamufatiye mu cyuho amusambanya n’ubuhamya bwa Mukamurenzi Penina wavuze ko yahurujwe na Ndayisenga akamubwira ibyo Nyiranzayino amaze gukorera umwana we kandi nawe akabimwemerera.Urukiko rushingiye kuri ibyo bimnyetso, rwemeje ko Nyiranzayino Byukusenge ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu. [5] Nyiranzayino Byukusenge yajuriye mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza avuga ko yemera icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana yareraga akaba agisabira imbabazi, anasaba kugabanyirizwa igihano ndetse icyo yahabwa kigasubikwa, naho Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko Urukiko rwamugabanyiririza igihano mu bushishozi bwarwo ariko ko kitasubikwa. [6] Urukiko rwaciye urubanza RPA/MIN 00023/2023/HC/NYZ ku wa 14/11/2023, rushingiye ku murongo watanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire uvuga ko kwemera icyaha gukorewe mu bujurire kutashingirwaho nk’impamvu nyoroshyacyaha1, rwasanze Nyiranzayino atagabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku kwemera icyaha yakoreye bwa mbere mu bujurire, ko ariko hari izindi mpamvu zatuma igihano yahawe kigabanywa harimo kuba icyaha yakoze nta ngaruka zikomeye cyateje hashingiwe ku byagaragajwe na raporo ya muganga, kuba ari ubwa mbere aguye mu cyaha no kuba yari akiva mu bwana kuko yari afite imyaka makumyabiri (20), maze rwemeza ko ubujurire bwe bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe, ko imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe ihindutse ku birebana n’igihano, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20). [7] Nyiranzayino Byukusenge yatanze ubujurire bwa kabiri mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza rwandikwa kuri RPAA 00500/2023/CA, ruburanishwa mu ruhame ku wa 05/11/2024 yunganiwe na Me Rwamukwaya Evariste, Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Bunyoye Grâce, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [8] Mu myanzuro y’ubujurire no mu miburanire, Nyiranzayino Byukusenge n’umwunganira bavuga ko ubujurire bwe bugamije gusaba kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20) yahanishijwe. [9] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko Urukiko rutashingira ku myanzuro yanditse yatanzwe ijya mu murongoo w’ubusabe bwa Nyiranzayino Byukusenge, kuko asanga yaragabanyirijwe mu buryo buhagije. [10] Ikibazo kigomba gusuzumwa muri uru rubanza ni ukumenya niba igihano cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20) Nyiranzayino Byukusenge yahanishijwe cyakongera kugabanywa. II. ISESENGURA RY’IKIBAZO KIRI MU RUBANZA Kumenya niba igihano Nyiranzayino Byukusenge yahanishijwe cyakongera kugabanywa [11] Nyiranzayino Byukusenge n’umwunganira bavuga ko ubujurire yatanze bugamije gusaba kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20) yahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru, kuko yakoze icyaha atakigambiriye ahubwo ko ari umwana wamubwiye ngo aze bajye kurya

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umunyenga ku gitanda, nyuma amubwira ngo bakore ibyo yabonye ababyeyi be bakora arabyemera kuko yari inshuro ya gatatu abimusaba, se w’uwo mwana arebera mu idirishya arababona ariko babirangije, akaba akomeje kubisabira imbabazi akanasaba kugabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha ziriko kuba nta ngaruka icyaha cyateje muri sosiyete kandi ari ubwa mbere Nyiranzayino akurikiranwe mu nkiko, iryo gabanya rigashingira ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 2 y’itegeko 058/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha. [12] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko n’ubwo mu mwanzuro wanditse uwawukoze yavuze ko igihano cyakongera kikagabanywa, ibiri muri uwo mwanzuro bitashingirwaho kuko Urukiko Rukuru rwagabanyije igihano mu buryo buhagije ku mpamvu rwagaragaje, cyane cyane ko ibyo Nyiranzayino avuga ko umwana yasambanyije ari we wamushutse butumvika kuko atari gushukwa n’umwana w’imyaka itanu (5). UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [13] Impaka muri uru rubanza zishingiye ku kumenya niba igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20) Urukiko Rukuru rwahanishije Nyiranzayino Byukusenge cyakongera kugabanywa. [14] Ikibazo cyo kugabanyirizwa igihano mu gihe ariyo mpamvu y’ubujurire, cyatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza RPA 00060/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 04/04/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nsabimana Callixte alias Sankara na bagenzi be. Muri urwo rubanza Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwasobanuye ko mu rwego rw’ibirego nshinjabyaha iyo abaregwa nta kindi banenga urubanza rwajuririwe, uretse kuvuga gusa ko batagabanyirijwe bihagije, buri mucamanza ku rwego urwo arirwo rwose, yemerewe gutanga igihano mu bushishozi bwe kijyanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha ndetse n’ingaruka zacyo hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 49 y’Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ariko ko mu bujurire, Umucamanza agomba kuzirikana ko yemerewe gusa guhindura igihano cyatanzwe n’Umucamanza wo mu Rukiko rubanza, ari uko amaze kugaragaza ko urwo Rukiko rwaba rwarakoresheje nabi itegeko cyangwa ubushishozi bwarwo mu gutanga icyo gihano. Uyu murongo ukaba warakurikijwe no mu manza zaciwe vuba, nk’urubanza RPAA 00518/2023/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/09/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nizeyimana Martin. [15] Imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe igaragaza ko Urukiko Rukuru rwagabanyije igifungo cya burundu Nyiranzayino Byukusenge Esther yari yahanishijwe ku rwego rwa mbere rushingiye ku kuba nta ngaruka zikomeye icyaha cyateje, kuba ari ubwa mbere aguye mu cyaha no kuba yari akiva mu bwana kuko yakoze icyaha afite imyaka makumyabiri (20), rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20). [16] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ariko icyo gihano cyagabanyijwe, Urukiko rutarahaye agaciro gakwiye impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zigizwe no kuba ari ubwa mbere Nyiranzayino Byukusenge akurikiranwe mu butabera no kuba ubwo yakoraga icyaha aribwo yari akiva mu bwana afite imyaka 20, ko iyo izo mpamvu zihabwa agaciro gakwiye aba yaragabanyirijwe igihano mu buryo burushijeho, bityo uru Rukiko rukaba rugomba kongera kugabanya igihano yahawe.

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[17] Mu kugabanya icyo gihano, Urukiko rurashingira ku zindi manza zaciwe ku bantu barezwe icyaha nk’icyo Nyiranzayino Byukusenge akurikiranyweho, harimo urubanza RPAA 00447/2021/CA rwaciwe ku wa 28/02/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Niyonkuru Jean Bosco wari mu kigero kimwe na Nyiranzayino Byukusenge Esther kuko yari afite imyaka cumi n’icyenda (19) agasambanya umwana w’imyaka itanu (5), Urukiko rukaba rwaramugabanyirije igihano rushingiye ku kuba ari ubwa mbere akurikiranweho icyaha mu buryo buzwi no kuba aribwo yari akiva mu bwana rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itandatu (16), bityo kuba izo mpamvu azihurizaho na Nyiranzayino Byukusenge bagabanyirizwa mu buryo bumwe mu rwego rwo gutanga ubutabera busa ku bibazo bisa, nawe agahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itandatu (16), bivuze ko urubanza rwajuririwe ruhindutse ku byerekeye igihano. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [18] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Nyiranzayino Byukusenge alias Esther bugamije kugabanyirizwa igihano bufite ishingiro; [19] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza RPA/MIN 00023/2023/HC/NYZ rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza ku wa 14/11/2023, ihindutse ku bijyanye n’igihano; [20] Ruhanishije Nyiranzayino Byukusenge alias Esther igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itandatu (16) mu mwanya w’igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20) yari yahanishijwe; [21] Rutegetse ko amagarama y’urubanza aherereye ku isanduku ya Leta, kuko Nyiranzayino Byukusenge alias Esther yajuriye afunze, akaba asonewe kuyatanga.