NZATUNGA RUVUGUTA v MASTAKI MUHASHA

# NZATUNGA RUVUGUTA v MASTAKI MUHASHA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2023-02-23 - Case/document no.: RCAA 00023/2022/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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NZATUNGA RUVUGUTA v MASTAKI MUHASHA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RCAA 00023/2022/CA (Rukundakuvuga, P.J., Nyirandabaruta na Ngagi J.) 23 Gashyantare 2023] Itegeko rigenga Amasezerano – Gutandukanya Amasezerano mbonezamubano n’amasezerano y’Ubucuruzi – Amasezerano y’ubucuruzi agomba kuba yakozwe n’umucuruzi cyangwa sosiyete y’ubucuruzi hagati yazo cyangwa hagati y’umucuruzi cyangwa sosiyete y’ubucuruzi n’utari umucuruzi kandi akaba agamije igikorwa cy’ubucuruzi. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiye Mastaki Muhasha arega Nzatunga Ruvuguta mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, avuga ko yamugurije 250,000USD bumvikana ko azayamusubiza mu gihe cy’ibyumweru bibiri, Igihe kigeze ngo amwishyura gusa 50.000USD, andi arayamwima, bituma asaba Urukiko kumutegeka kumwishyura 200.000USD, inyungu z’ubukererwe, n’indishyi zitandukanye. Urubanza rwaburanishijwe Nzatunga. R. atitabye, kandi atarireguye ku kirego Mastaki Muhasha yamureze. Urukiko mu rubanza RC01003/2018/TGI/NYGE rwemeje ko ikirego cya Mastaki M. gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe, rwemeza ko Nzatunga R. agomba kumwishyura 46.275USD yamusigayemo, ko agomba no gutanga indishyi zitandukanye. Urukiko rwemeje kandi ko ibyo Nzatunga R. Yategetswe muri urwo rubanza natabikora mu minsi 15 kuva urubanza rubaye ndakuka,buri munsi hazajya hiyongeraho 4% y’indishyi z’ubukererwe. Mastaki M. ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urwo rubanza maze ajuririra Urukiko Rukuru arusaba gusuzuma niba Nzatunga R. yategekwa kwishyura 200,000USD amubereyemo n’indishyi zitandukanye. Urubanza rwaburanishijwe Nzatunga R. Adahari, Urukiko Rukuru mu rubanza, RCA00026/2020/HC/KIG rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Mastaki M. bufite ishingiro, rutegeka Nzatunga R. kwishyura Mastaki M. 200.000USD by’umwenda amufitiye, n’indishyi zitandukanye. Nzatunga R. ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urwo rubanza, ajuririra Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, avuga ko inkiko z’ubucuruzi arizo zifite ububasha bwo kuburanisha uru rubanza kuko Nzatunga R. na Mastaki Muhasha ari abacuruzi b’amabuye y’agaciro, kandi bakaba barakoranye igikorwa cy’ubucuruzi, ko Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko yishyura Mastaki M. Justin 200.000USD n’indishyi zitandukanye nta kimenyetso rushingiyeho. Urukiko rwabanje gusuma ikibazo cyemeranywaho n’impande zose cyo kumenya niba uru rubanza rwaragombaga kuburanishwa n’inkiko z’ubucuruzi, icyo kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwaremeje ko Nzatunga R. Emmanuel yishyura Mastaki M. Justin 200.000$ by’umwenda n’indishyi nta kimenyetso rushingiyeho. Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu rubanza RCAA00023/2022/CA rwemeje ko Mastaki M. na Nzatunga R. ari abacuruzi b’amabuye y’agaciro nk’uko babyiyemerera kandi amadolari Mastaki M. yagurije Nzatunga R. akaba yari ayo gukora igikorwa cy’ubucuruzi. Urukiko rwanzuye ko amasezerano impande zombi zagiranye n’ubwo atanditse ari amasezerano y’ubucuruzi, n’impaka ziyakomokaho zigomba gukemurwa n’Inkiko z’ubucuruzi. Ku bijyanye n’impamvu ya kabiri y’ubujurire bwa

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Nzatunga, Urukiko rwemeje ko bitakiri ngombwa kuysuzuma kuko rwasanze urubanza ruri mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi. Incamake y’icyemezo:Amasezerano y’ubucuruzi agomba kuba yakozwe n’umucuruzi cyangwa sosiyete y’ubucuruzi hagati yabo cyangwa hagati y’umucuruzi cyangwa sosiyete y’ubucuruzi n’utari umucuruzi kandi akaba agamije igikorwa cy’ubucuruzi. Bityo amasezerano akozwe n’umucuruzi ariko akaba atagamije igikorwa cy’ubucuruzi aba ari amasezerano y’imbonezamubano, kuko impamvu yayo atari igikorwa cy’ubucuruzi. Ubujurire bufite ishingiro. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, Ingingo ya 81 Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, Ingingo ya 94, 111 Nta manza zifashishijwe. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] ru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, Mastaki Muhasha Justin arega Nzatunga Ruvuguta Emmanuel avuga ko yamugurije 250,000USD bumvikana ko azayamusubiza mu gihe cy’ibyumweru bibiri. Igihe kigeze amwishyura gusa 50.000USD, amubwira ko ayandi azayamwishyura mu gihe cy’ukwezi kumwe; birangira atayamwishyuye, bituma asaba Urukiko kumutegeka kumwishyura 200.000USD, inyungu z’ubukererwe, n’indishyi zitandukanye. [2] Urubanza rwaburanishijwe Nzatunga. R. Emmanuel adahari, kandi atarireguye ku kirego Mastaki Muhasha Justin yamureze. [3] Mu rubanza RC01003/2018/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge ku wa 27/12/2019, urwo Rukiko rwemeje ko ikirego cya Mastaki M.Justin gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe, rwemeza ko Nzatunga R. Emmanuel agomba kumwishyura 46.275USD yamusigayemo, ko agomba kumuha 300.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza na 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka. Rutegeka ko 20.000 Frw Mastaki M. Justin yatanze ku ngwate y’amagarama y’urubanza ahwana n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza, akazayasubizwa na Nzatunga R. Emmanuel mu gihe cy’iminsi 15 kuva urubanza rubaye ndakuka, atabikora buri munsi akajya yiyongeraho 4% y’indishyi z’ubukererwe. [4] Mastaki M. Justin ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza maze ajuririra Urukiko Rukuru arusaba gusuzuma niba Nzatunga R. Emmanuel yategekwa kwishyura 200,000USD amubereyemo n’indishyi. Urubanza rwaburanishijwe Nzatunga R. Emmanuel adahari. Ku wa 31/03/2022, mu

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rubanza RCA00026/2020/HC/KIG Urukiko Rukuru rwemeza ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Mastaki M. Justin bufite ishingiro, ko urubanza RC01003/2018/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe n'Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge ku wa 27/12/2019 ruhindutse kuri bimwe; rutegeka Nzatunga R. Emmanuel kwishyura Mastaki M. Justin 200.000USD by’umwenda amufitiye, n’indishyi mbonezamusaruro za 36.000USD, no kumwishyura 600.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka mu bujurire. Rutegeka kandi ko 40.000Frw y’amagarama yatanzwe na Mastaki M. Justin arega ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza. [5] Nzatunga R. Emmanuel ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urwo rubanza, ku wa 26/06/2022, ajuririra uru Rukiko, avuga ko inkiko z’ubucuruzi arizo zifite ububasha bwo kuburanisha uru rubanza kuko Nzatunga R. Emmanuel na Mastaki Muhasha Justin ari abacuruzi b’amabuye y’agaciro, kandi bakaba barakoranye igikorwa cy’ubucuruzi, ko Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko yishyura Mastaki M. Justin 200.000USD n’indishyi zitandukanye nta kimenyetso rushingiyeho, asaba gusubizwa amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. [6] Urubanza rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame ku wa 06/02/2023, Nzatunga Ruvuguta Emmanuel ahagarariwe na Me Nshimirwa Munyura Xavier, naho Mastaki Muhasha Justin ahagarariwe na Me Rutagengw A Jean Damascène na Me Habimana Alphonse; impande zose zemeranya n’Urukiko ko hasuzumwa ikibazo cyo kumenya niba uru rubanza rwaragombaga kuburanishwa n’inkiko z’ubucuruzi, icyo kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwaremeje ko Nzatunga R. Emmanuel yishyura Mastaki M. Justin 200.000 $ by’umwenda n’indishyi nta kimenyetso rushingiyeho, hamwe n’ibyerekeye amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. II. IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYABYO 1. Kumenya niba uru rubanza rwaragombaga kuburanishwa n’inkiko z’ubucuruzi [7] Uhagarariye Nzatunga R. Emmanuel avuga ko uwo ahagararariye na Mastaki Muhasha Justin ari abacuruzi b’amabuye y’agaciro, kandi ko igikorwa bakoranye cyo kugurizanya amadolari ari icy’ubucuruzi; bityo ko mu gihe havutse ibibazo ntibabyumvikaneho, ushaka kuregera inkiko agomba kuregera Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi. Avuga ko ibyo abishingira ku ngingo ya 81, agace ka 1, y’Itegeko N°30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko iteganya ko Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ruburanisha mu rwego rwa mbere imanza zose z’ubucuruzi, iz’imari, iz’imisoro n’ibindi bibazo bifitanye isano nabyo byerekeye: “1° impaka zivutse ku masezerano cyangwa ku bikorwa by’ubucuruzi hagati y’abantu cyangwa ibigo by’ubucuruzi”, ku cyemezo cyatanzwe na Minisiteri y’Ubucuruzi kigaragaza ko Nzatunga R. Emmanuel ari umucuruzi, no ku mwanzuro wa Mastaki M. Justin aho yemeza ko ayo madolari yari ayo gucuruza amabuye y’agaciro, ndetse no ku nyandiko yo ku wa 20/07/2017 igaragaza ko ayo madolari yari ayo gucuruza. [8] Abahagarariye Mastaki M. Justin biregura kuri iyi ngingo y’ubujurire bavuga ko nta shingiro ifite, kuko nta gikorwa na kimwe cy’ubucuruzi Mastaki M. Justin yakoranye na Nzatunga R. Emmanuel, ko icyabaye ari ukugurizanya amafaranga gusa. Basobanura ko Mastaki M. Justin yagurije Nzatunga R. Emmanuel 250.000USD kugira ngo yubake Guest house yitwa Ambassador Park, akaba yarayamugurije kubera ko yaramwizeye kuko babanye muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, ko rero amadolari yishyuzwa muri uru rubanza ayishyuzwa ku giti cye

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kandi ko yayagurijwe ku giti cye atari Company, ari na yo mpamvu ibyo Nzatunga R. Emmanuel avuga nta gaciro byahabwa. [9] Bavuga kandi ko inyandiko yo ku wa 20/07/2017, itangwa n’uhagarariye Nzatunga R. Emmanuel avuga ko ayo madolari yari ayo gucuruza itigeze iburanishwa mu rubanza rujuririrwa, ko yanashyizweho umukono na Nzatunga R. Emmanuel, akaba yarabikoze mu gihe yajuririraga uru Rukiko kuko Mastaki M. Justin atayizi, ko Urukiko rukwiye no kugereranya ibiyikubiyemo n’ibikubiye mu nyandiko zindi zakozwe ku wa 20/09/2018. Bavuga ko iyo nyandiko igaragaza ko hari ibyo bumvikanye, ko iyo koko baza kuba bafite ibyo bumvikanye bari kuyishyiraho imikono yabo bombi, ariko ko iriho umukono wa Nzatunga R. Emmanuel wenyine, bityo ko iyo nyandiko batayemera. [10] Bakomeza bavuga ko kuba Nzatunga R. Emmanuel yarahise yishyura Mastaki M. Justin 50.000$ mu mafaranga yari yamugurije nabyo bigaragaza ko nta bucuruzi bigeze bakorana, kuko iyo bakorana ubucuruzi atari kuyamwishyura. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [11] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba amasezerano yo kuguriza yabaye hagati ya Mastaki M. Justin na Nzatunga R. Emmanuel ari amasezerano y’ubucuruzi cyangwa ay’imbonezamubano. [12] Mu mategeko y’u Rwanda ntaho Umushingamategeko yasobanura itandukaniro riri hagati y’amasezerano y’ubucuruzi n’amasezerano y’imbonezamubano; nta n’imanza zatanze umurongo kuri iki kibazo, akaba ariyo mpamvu hagomba kwifashishwa inyandiko z’abahanga mu gutandukanya ayo masezerano yombi. [13] Abahanga mu mategeko basobanura ko amasezerano yitwa ay’imbonezamubano iyo adafite impamvu (objet) y’ubucuruzi, kandi abayagiranye bakaba atari abacuruzi. Naho amasezerano y’ubucuruzi agaragazwa n’uko afite impamvu y’ubucuruzi, kandi akaba yabaye hagati y’abacuruzi cyangwa hagati y’umucuruzi n’undi utari umucuruzi1; bivuze ko amasezerano y’ubucuruzi agomba kuba yakozwe n’umucuruzi cyangwa sosiyete y’ubucuruzi kandi akaba agamije igikorwa cy’ubucuruzi2. Mu yandi magambo, amasezerano akozwe n’umucuruzi ariko akaba atagamije igikorwa cy’ubucuruzi (urugero, umucuruzi uguze inzu yo guturamo), aba ari amasezerano y’imbonezamubano, kuko impamvu yayo atari igikorwa cy’ubucuruzi, n’ubwo uwayiguze ari 1 Le contrat civil est qualifié comme tel dès lors qu’il ne comporte pas d’objet commercial, et pour lequel les parties au contrat sont des particuliers. Le contrat commercial doit, quant à lui, comporter un objet commercial et être conclu entre deux commerçants ou entre un particulier et un commerçant. (Le Guide Juridique sur les contrats commerciaux ; https://www.union-independants.fr/sites/default/files/2019- 03/contrats%20commerciaux.pdf 2 Michel Pédamon na Hugues Kenfack bavuga ko ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi mu by’ukuri ari ibikorwa bikorwa n’abacuruzi mu mirimo y’abo y’ubucuruzi; ko ibyo bikorwa bigengwa n’amategeko yihariye atandukanye n’agenga ibikorwa by’imbonezamubano (Les actes de commerce sont pour l’essentiel les actes accomplis par les commerçants dans l’exercice de leur commerce; ils sont soumis à un régime juridique particulier différent de celui qui est applicable aux actes civils).

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umucuruzi, ariko umucuruzi uguze inzu kugira ngo ayigurishe agamije urwunguko (profit) cyangwa ngo ayikoreremo ubucuruzi, ayo masezerano aba ari ay’ubucuruzi ku ruhande rwe. [14] Ku bijyanye n’uru rubanza, dosiye igaragaza ko mu myanzuro itanga ikirego cy’urubanza RC01003/2018/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge ku wa 27/12/2019, mu gusobanura ikirego Mastaki M. Justin na RD Advotes yari imuhagarariye bavuze ko Mastaki M. Justin yagurije Nzatunga R. Emmanuel 250.000USD kugira ngo abashe kugura amabuye y’agaciro agomba gutumiza hanze, bumvikana ko azayamwishyura mu gihe cy’ibyumweru bibiri, ko ariko igihe cyo kwishyura cyageze Nzatunga R. Emmanuel yishyura 50.000USD gusa, avuga ko ayandi azayamuha mu gihe cy’ukwezi kumwe, ariko kugeza uyu munsi atarishyura 200,000USD yari amusigayemo. [15] Dosiye igaragaza ko kuri uru rwego abahagarariye Mastaki M. Justin mu myanzuro yabo bavuga ko Mastaki M. Justin yagurije Nzatunga R. Emmanuel 250.000USD kugira ngo abashe kugura amabuye y’agaciro agomba gutumiza hanze no kurangiza ibikorwa by’ubwubatsi yarimo gukora i Gikondo. [16] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza kandi inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha ry’urubanza RC01003/2018/TGI/NYGE yo ku wa 19/11/2019, aho Me Rutagengwa mu gusobanura ikirego cya Mastaki M. Justin yavuze ko aba bombi baburana ari abacuruzi b’amabuye y’agaciro ; asobanura ko Mastaki M. Justin yagurije Nzatunga R. Emmanuel 250.000USD ariko nta nyandiko bagiranye, nyuma akamwishyura 50.000USD gusa. [17] Urukiko rusesenguriye hamwe inyandiko zagaragajwe muri dosiye zirimo imyanzuro yatanzwe na Mastaki M. Justin ku rwego rwa mbere no kuri uru rwego aho abamuhagarariye ubwabo biyemereye ko Mastaki M. Justin yagurije Nzatunga R. Emmanuel 250.000USD kugira ngo abashe kugura amabuye y’agaciro, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha ku rwego rwa mbere aho Me Rutagengwa Jean Damascene wari uhagarariye Mastaki M. Justin yasobanuye ko Mastaki M. Justin na Nzatunga R. Emmanuel ari abacuruzi b’amabuye y’agaciro, rurasanga ibyo Mastaki M. Justin yariyemereye mu Rukiko ko ari umucuruzi kandi ko amadolari yagurije Nzatunga R. Emmanuel yari ayo kugura amabuye y’agaciro, bimutsindisha nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 110 y’Itegeko N° 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, ko ukwiyemerera mu rubanza ari amagambo umuburanyi cyangwa umuhagarariye avugira mu rukiko agira ibyo yemera, ko ayo magambo atsindisha uwayavuze. [18] Urukiko rurasanga kuba Mastaki M. Justin na Nzatunga R. Emmanuel ari abacuruzi b’amabuye y’agaciro nk’uko babyiyemerera kandi amadolari Mastaki M. Justin yagurije Nzatunga R. Emmanuel akaba yari ayo kugura amabuye y’agaciro yagombaga gutumiza hanze, ni ukuvuga yo gukoresha mu bucuruzi bwe bwo kugura no kugurisha amabuye y’agaciro, birumvikana ko amasezerano impande zombi zagiranye n’ubwo atanditse ari amasezerano y’ubucuruzi, aho kuba amasezerano y’imbonezamubano nk’uko abahagarariye Mastaki M. Justin bashaka kubyumvikanisha. [19] Ingingo ya 81, agace ka mbere, y’Itegeko N° 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, iteganya ko Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ruburanisha mu rwego rwa mbere imanza zose z’ubucuruzi, iz’imari, iz’imisoro n’ibindi bibazo bifitanye isano nabyo byerekeye: 1° impaka

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zivutse ku masezerano cyangwa ku bikorwa by’ubucuruzi hagati y’abantu cyangwa ibigo by’ubucuruzi. Iyi ngingo yumvikanisha ko impaka ku masezerano y’ubucuruzi, ziburanishwa ku rwego rwa mbere n’inkiko z’ubucuruzi, haseguriwe ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 27 y’Itegeko N° 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 ryibukijwe haruguru; bivuze ko uru rubanza rwaburanishijwe n’ inkiko zitabifitiye ububasha, mu bika bikurikira hakaba hagomba gusuzumwa ingaruka zabyo. [20] Ingingo ya 94, igika cya 5, y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ibi bikurikira: “Iyo Urukiko rwajuririwe rusanze urubanza rwararegewe mu rwego rwa mbere mu buryo budakurikije amategeko, nyamara urukiko rukaba rwarafashe icyemezo cyo kurwakira kandi rutaragombaga kurwakira, urukiko rwajuririrwe rwakira icyo kirego, rukagaragaza ko urwo rubanza rwajuririwe rwari rwararegewe urukiko rwa mbere mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, rugatesha agaciro ibyemezo byose byashingiye kuri iryo kosa; ubifitemo inyungu akaba yakongera agatanga ikirego bundi bushya”. [21] Urukiko rushingiye ku biteganywa n’iyi ngingo no kuba urubanza rwajuririwe rwararegewe mu rwego rwa mbere mu rukiko rutabifitiye ububasha, n’Urukiko Rukuru ntirubikosore, rusanga urubanza RC01003/2018/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge ku wa 27/12/2019, kimwe n’urubanza RCA00026/2020/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 31/03/2022, zigomba guteshwa agaciro, bityo ubifitemo inyungu akaba yakongera agatanga ikirego bundi bushya. [22] Kubera izo mpamvu kandi, uru Rukiko rusanga bitakiri ngombwa gusuzuma ikibazo kijyanye no kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwaremeje ko Nzatunga R. Emmanuel yishyura Mastaki M. Justin 200.000 $ by’umwenda n’indishyi nta kimenyetso rushingiyeho, ahubwo rurasuzuma ibijyanye n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka kuko cyo gishobora kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi. 2. Kumenya niba amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka asabwa muri uru rubanza afite ishingiro [23] Uhagarariye Nzatunga R. Emmanuel ashingiye ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishiriz e y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, no ku ngingo ya 34 y’Amabwiriza agena ibihembo mbonera by’Abavoka asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka Mastaki M. Justin kumuha 5.000.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka, kubera kumushora mu manza bigatuma yiyambaza umunyamategeko wo kumuburanira. [24] Abahagarariye Mastaki M. Justin biregura ku mafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanz a n’igihembo cya Avoka Nzatunga R. Emmanuel asaba bavuga ko ntayo yahabwa, kuko nta shingiro afite. Bavuga kandi ko bashingiye ku ngingo ya 152 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru basaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka Nzatunga R. Emmanuel guha Mastaki M. Justin 600.000Frw y'ikurikiranarubanza na 1.000.000Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka.

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[25] Uhagarariye Nzatunga R. Emmanuel yiregura ku mafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka Mastaki M. Justin asaba, avuga ko ntayo akwiye guhabwa kuko nta shingiro afite. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [26] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 28/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza mbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ibikurikira: “Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe”. [27] Urukiko rurasanga amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka Nzatunga R. Emmanuel asaba afite ishingiro kuko byabaye ngombwa ko yiyambaza Avoka wo kumuburanira, ariko ayo asaba ni menshi harebwe ibyakozwe mu rubanza, bityo mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko rumugeneye 500.000Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 200.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza agomba gutangwa na Mastaki M. Justin. Rurasanga ayo Mastaki M.Justin asaba nta shingiro afite kuko ibyo yireguza nta shingiro bifite. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [28] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Nzatunga Ruvuguta Emmanuel bufite ishingiro. [29] Rwemeje ko urubanza RC01003/2018/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge ku wa 27/12/2019, n’urubanza RCA00026/2020/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 31/03/2022, ziteshejwe agaciro. [30] Rutegetse Mastaki Muhasha Justin kwishyura Nzatunga Ruvuguta Emmanuel 500.000Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 200.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza, yose hamwe akaba 700.000Frw. [31] Ruvuze ko amagarama y’urubanza ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza.