NSENGUMUREMYI v. NTAWUHIMANA N’UNDI

NSENGUMUREMYI v. NTAWUHIMANA N’UNDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2023-02-10 - Case/document no.: RCA00072/2022/HC/MUS - Collection: High Court

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NSENGUMUREMYI v. NTAWUHIMANA N’UNDI. [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU URUGEREKO RWA MUSANZE– RCA00072/2022/HC/MUS (Gatwaza, P.J.) 10 Gashyantare 2023] Amategeko agenga indishyi – Indishyi zikomoka ku ikosa – Ntabwo kuba umuntu dosiye ye nshinjibyaha yashyingurwa n’ubushinjacyaha, cyangwa kuba atafatiwe ibihano mu rwego rw’akazi n’umukoresha we, kubera icyo cyaha, bikuraho ko uwangirijwe n’icyaha ashobora kurega uwakoze amakosa, asaba indishyi mbonezamubano. Imitere y’ikibazo: uru rubanza rwatangiye Ntawuhimana arega PC Nsengumuremyi na Leta y’ u RwandaMu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu asaba Urukiko gutegeka abarezwe gufatanya kumuha indishyi zitandukanye zikomoka ku rupfu rwa Habarurema wari umugabo we wishwe arashwe na PC Nsengumuremyi wari umupolisi. Leta y’ u Rwanda Mininter, yaburanye ivuga ko itaryozwa indishyi kuko nta ruhare Leta yagize mu iyicwa rya Habarurema kuko itamutumye gukora amakosa yo kumurasa, PC Nsengumuremyi yavuze ko nta ndishyi yaryozwa kuko Habarurema warashwe yagize uruhare mw’iraswa rye ari nacyo cyatumye ubushinjacyaha bushyingura dosiye nshinjabyaha. Avuga ko iyo abaregera indishyi babona hari ibimenyetso bimuhamya icyaha, bari kuregera urukiko mpanabyaha batisunze ubushinjacyaha, aho kugira ngo baregere indishyi gusa kandi nta cyaha cyakozwe. Urukiko mu rubanza RC00134/2020/TGI/RBV rwemeje ko ikirego cya Ntawuhimana arega ku bireba PC Nsengumuremyi iricyo gifite

ishingiro rumugenera indishyi zitandukanye kuko kuba ubushinjacyaha ngo bwarashyinguye dosiye nshinjabyaha, bitamubuza kuregera indishyi kandi muri dosiye harimo icyemezo cya muganga kigaragaza ko Habarurema yishwe arashwe kandi hakaba hari n’abatangabuhamya batandukanye babyemeza. PC Nsengumuremyi ntiyimiye imikirize yurwo rubanza ajurira Urukiko Rukuru urugereko rwa Musanze avuga ko nta kosa yakoze ryaba iryo mu rwego nshinjabyaha no mu kazi ke ryatuma aryozwa indishyi yaciwe, akavuga ko habaye hari indishyi zatangwa zaryozwa Leta y’ u Rwanda yamuhaye akazi we asanga yarakoze neza. Leta y’ u Rwanda yo ivuga ko ubujurire bwa PC Nsengumuremyi nta shingiro bwahabwa kubera ko yakoze makossa y’ umurengera yo kwica umuntu, bitari ngombwa, ko rero itamutumye gukora ayo makosa. Uwaregeye indishyi we avuga ko ari agashyinyaguro, akavuga ko asanga ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bwahabwa kuko yamurashe amusaba imbabazi, ko amakosa Habarurema yakoze Atari guhanishwa kwicwa ndetse akaba atari yabitumwe n’umukoresha we. Avuga kandi ko yumva a na leta yaragombaga gufatanya nawe kwishyura izo ndishyi kuko itamuhannye.

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Urukiko mu rubanza RCA00072/2022/HC/MUS rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa PC Nsengumuremyi nta shingiro bufite rwemeza ko yakoze amakosa akomeye yo kwica umuntu bitari ngombwa bityo agomba kubitangira indishyi kandi ko kuba Leta itaramwirukanye ngo imukure mu kazi atabyitwaza ngo avuge ko nta makosa yakoze ngo asabe ko yakurirwaho indishyi yaciwe mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye Incamake y’icyemezo: Ntabwo kuba umuntu dosiye ye nshinjibyaha yashyingurwa n’ubushinjacyaha, cyangwa kuba atafatiwe ibihano mu rwego rw’akazi n’umukoresha we, kubera icyo cyaha,(e.g: ibyaha byakorwa n’abasirikare cyangwa abapolisi) bikuraho ko uwangirijwe n’icyaha ashobora kurega uwakoze amakosa, asaba indishyi mbonezamubano. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi ingingo ya 9 Itegeko Nº15/2004 ryo kuwa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, ingingo ya 3,4 Nta manza zifashishijwe. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA N’ IKIBAZO [1] PC Nsengumuremyi Théogène yajuririye muri uru rukiko urubanza RC00134/2020/TGI/RBVrwacwe kuwa 27/07/2022 n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu yatsinzwe wenyine, yaregwaganamo na Leta y’ u Rwanda na Ntawuhimana Thérèse asabira umuryango wa umuryango wa Habarurema Jean Claude indishyi zikomoka ku rupfu rwa Habarurema Jean Claude rwatewe

no kuraswa n’umupolisi PC Nsengumuremyi ku wa 27/09/2019. [2] Ubujurire bwe bwahawe RCA00072/2022/HC/MUS muri uru rukiko buburanishwa mu ruhame, ababuranyi bose bahagarariwe na ba avoka bagaragajwe haruguru. [3] Ku wa 27/09/2019, saa tatu za mugitondo, abapolisi PC Murego François na PC Nsengumuremyi Théogène bashinzwe umutekano mu muhanda, ubwo bari mu Mudugudu wa Bukinanyana, mu Kagari ka Kijote, mu Murenge wa Bigogwe mu Karere ka Nyabihu, bahagaritse imodoka Taxi Toyota Hiace itwara abagenzi, maze uwitwa Habarurema Jean

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Claude wari uyirimo avamo afite agafuka karimo ibintu ariruka, PC Nsengumuremyi Théogène amwirukaho, agenda amurasa, Habarurema ata agafuka yari afite akomeza kwiruka, kugeza ubwo yamurashe ku kaboko, akomeza kwiruka, amurasa mu rubavu, maze PC Nsengumuremyi Theogene ageze kuri Habarurema Jean Claude amukubita inshyi, asubira inyuma amurasa isasu ku gice cy’umutwe, agwa hasi arapfa, barebye mu gafuka yari afite basanga harimo inkweto za magendo; PC Nsengumuremyi Théogène akorerwa dosiye nshinjabyaha akurikiranwaho icyaha cy’ubwicanyi, ariko nyuma Ubushinjacyaha bufata icyemezo cyo kuyishyingura burundu. [4] Ntawuhimana Therese amaze kubona ko dosiye ya PC Nsengiyumva Theogene wamwiciye umugabo ishyinguwe burundu, yahisemo kuregera Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu indishyi, arega Leta y’ u Rwanda na PC Nsengiyumva Theogene wari umukozi wayo, asaba ko bafatanya kumwishyi indishyi ku musaruro yari kuzabona (manque à ganger) zingana na 36.720.000frw, n’indishyi mbangamiramuco zingana na 10.000.000frw, n’indishyi zikomoka ku byakoreshejwe kubera urupfu rwe (mu ishyingura no ku kiriyo) zingana na 500.000frw n’ay’ikurikiranarubanza angana na 220.000frw ndetse n’igihembo cya avocat wamuburaniye angana na 1.500.000frw. [5] Leta y’ u Rwanda MININTER, yaburanye isaba kutaryozwa indishyi kuko nta ruhare Leta yagize mu iyicwa rya Habarurema Jean Claude kubera ko itamutumye gukora ayo makosa yo

kumurasa, akaba yabazwa uwamurashe. PC Nsengumuremyi Theogene yavuze ko nta ndishyi yaryozwa kuko Habarurema Jean Claude warashwe yagize uruhare mw’iraswa rye ari nacyo cyatumye ubushinjacyaha bushyingfura dosiye PC Nsengumuremyi Theogene yari akurikiranyweho icyaha cy’ubwicanyi, ko iyi abaregera indishyi babona hari ibimenyetso bimuhamya icyaha, bari kuregera urukiko mpanabyaha batisunze ubushinjacyaha, kugira ngo baregere indishyi, aho kuregera indishyi nta cyaha cyakozwe. [6] Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu rwasanze kuba mu nyandiko ishyingura dosiye ubushinjacyaha bwaragaragaje mu bimenyetso bishinja ko hari raporo ya muganga igaragaza ko Habarurema Jean Claude yapfuye arashwe, kandi ko abatangabuhamya benshi babajijwe bemeje ko bari aho Habarurema Jean Claude yarasiwe, bakaba baravuze muri rusange ko umupolisi yaje yiruka kuri Habarurema Jean Claude, ariko anarasa amasasu, bigezaho uwaraswaga Habarurema yapfukamye akamanika amaboko akamusaba imbabazi, umupolisi wamwirukagaho amukubita inshyi, nyuma amurasa isasu mu gice cy’umutwe, aramwica, ubushinjacyaha bunagaragaza ko uwitwa Bitonderubusa Esperance, yahamije ko yabonye uwo muntu yiruka umupolisi amwirukaho, abona wa muntu arapfukamye ateze amaboko hejuru,wa mupolisi amugezeho, amukubita inshyi eshatu, asubira inyuma, agira ngo aragiye, ahita amurasa andi masasu abiri ; Rwasanze ubwo buhamya bugaragaza neza ko Habarurema abishaka, ku buryo nubwo atarezwe icyaha cyo kwica umuntu abishaka, ariko nta cyabuza umugore wa Habarurema kuregera indishyi kuko yamwiciye umugabo ntacyo amuhoye, amwica arimo kumusaba imbabazi.

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[7] Urukiko rwasanze kandi nk’uko mu nyandiko ishyingura dosiye ubushinjacyaha bwabigaragaje, uwitwa Iradukunda Aimable,ubwo yarimo ashingirira ibishyimbo yabonye umupolisi yiruka kuri Habarurema, amurasa isasu riramuhusha, maze Habarurema ahita ata hasi agafuka yari afite, umupolisi amurasa irindi sasu riramuhusha, akomeza kwiruka umupolisi amwirukaho, amurashe irindi sasu rifata Habarurema mu kaboko, akomeza kwiruka, amura irindi mu rubavu, aragwa, ahita apfukama amusaba imbabazi, umupolisi amugezeho amukubita inshyi ‘umugeri, ahita atera intambwe asa n’ugenda nyuma aragaruka, ahita amurasa isasu ryo mu itama, ahita apfa, ibyo kandi akaba ari nako byasobanuwe n’uwitwa Nshuti Emmanuel, nawe wasobanuye ko yamwirutseho agenda amurasa kugeza ubwo Habarurema yapfukamye amanika amaboko amusaba imbabazi, umupolisi amugezeho amukubita inshyi ebyiri, ahiha amukubita urusasu rwa gatanu mu irugu, ibyo bimenyetso byose bigaragazwa n’ubushinjacyaha kandi habereye ku byagaragajwe n’abantu bari bahari babyiboneye, urukiko rukaba rusanga nta mpamvu n’imwe yatuma umugore wa Habarurema wiciwe umugabo ku maherere ntacyo amuziza, adasaba indishyi kubera kwicirwa umugabo nta mpamvu ifatika amuziza. [8] Rwasanze kandi ibyo PC Nsengumuremyi Theogene avuga ko ataryozwa indishyi nta cyaha cyabayeho kuko dosiye yashyinguwe burundu kandi uregera indishyi akaba ataratanze ikirego amurega n’icyaha

(citation directe) ntacyo byamumarira, kuko amategeko yagaragajwe, yemerera uregera indishyi guhita aregera urukiko ruburanisha imanza z’imbonezamubano asaba indishyi zishingiye ku bye byangijwe n’ibikorwa yakorewe, akazirega uwamukoreye ibyo bikorwa, bityo urukiko rukaba rugomba gusuzuma niba izo ndishyi aregera zikwiye gutangwa n’ugomba kuzitanga kuko bimaze kuragagazwa ko kurasa umugabo w enta mpamvu byamwangirije. [9] Rwanzuye ko ikirego rwashyikirijwe na Ntawuhimana Therese arega PC Nsengumuremyi Theogene indishyi zikomoka ku rupfu rw’umugabo we Habarurema Jean Claude, aricyo gifite ishingiro gusa ; aryozwa izingana na miriyoni eshanu (5.000.000frw) y’indishyi z’akababaro umugore n’abana ba Habarurema Jean Claude batewe n’urupfu rwe, akamwishyura n’ibihumbi magana atanu (500.000frw) y’ibyakoreshejwe mu ishyingura, akamuha kandi n’ibihumbi magana atanu (500.000frw) y’igihembo cya avocat wamwunganiye, akamuha n’ibihumbi ijana (100.000frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza, akamusubiza na 20.000frw y’ingwate y’amagarama. [10] PC Nsengumuremyi Théogène ajurira avuga ko nta kosa yakoze ryaba iryo mu rwego nshinjabyaha no mu kazi ke ryatuma aryozwa indishyi yaciwe, akavuga ko habaye hari indishyi zatangwa zaryozwa Leta y’ u Rwanda yamuhaye ako kazi ke asanga yarakoze neza. [11] Leta y’ u Rwanda yo ivuga ko ubujurire bwa PC Nsengumuremyi Théogène nta shingiro bwahabwa kubera ko yakoze koko amakosa y’ umurengera yiha kwica umuntu, bitari ngombwa, ko rero itamutumye gukora ayo makosa.

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[12] Uwaregeye indishyi asanga ari agashyinyaguro akavuga ko asanga ubujurire nta shingiro bwahabwa kuko yamurashe amusaba imbabazi, ko amakosa yarakoze Atari guhanishwa kwicwa ndetse akaba atari yabitumwe n’umukoresha we. Gusa asanga na leta yaragombaga gufatanya nawe kwishyura izo ndishyi kuko itamuhanye. [13] Ibibazo bisuzumwa: Ese urukiko rubanza rwaba koko rwararenganyije uwajuriye rwemeze ko yakoze ikosa ryo kuvutsa ubuzima nyakwigendera no kumuhyiraho kuryozwa indishyi yaciwe. ICYAGARAGARIYE URU RUKIKO N’UKO RUBIBONA [14] Icyagarariye uru rukiko n’uko urukiko rubanza rwasanze mu nyandiko ishyingura dosiye Ubushinjacyaha bwaragaragaje mu bimenyetso bishinja ko hari raporo ya muganga igaragaza ko Habarurema Jean Claude yapfuye arashwe, kandi ko abatangabuhamya bose babibonye babajijwe bemeje ko umupolisi yaje yiruka kuri Habarurema Jean Claude, ariko anarasa amasasu, bigezaho uwaraswaga Habarurema arahagarara arapfukama amanika amaboko akamusaba imbabazi, umupolisi wamwirukagaho amukubita inshyi, nyuma amurasa isasu mu gice cy’umutwe, aramwica. Ikindi kandi n’uko atari Leta yamuhaye akazi yamubwiye kumwica. Kumwica ni igikorwa kigize ikosa uwajuriye yakoze yaryozwa kandi umuryango wa nyakwigendera ufiteho uburenganzira ku ndishyi zatanzwe. [15] Ingingo ya 9 y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi,

iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi ivuga ko ureze atanga ibimenyetso by’ ibyo aregera yabibura uwarezwe agatsinda. Ingingo ya 3 y’itegeko ry’ ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo ivuga ko buri muburanyi agomba kugaragaza ukuri kw’ ibyo aburana. [16] Ingingo ya 4 y’Itegeko Nº15/2004 ryo kuwa 12/06/2004 ry’ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo ivuga ko urukiko ruca urubanza rwaregewe hakurikijwe ibimenyetso bihuje na kamere y’ikiburanwa. [17] Uru rukiko ruhuje uko ibintu byagenze, imiburanire y’ababuranyi ndetse n’ibimenyetso n’izo ngingo z’amategeko, rurasanga ibyo urukiko rubanza rwemeje aribyo biboneye kandi bijyanye n’ubutabera kubera ko, kuba Leta itarahanye uwajuriye imukura mu kazi ke, ntibivuga ko atakoze ikosa mu guhanisha nyakwigendera kumwica wari ukoze ikosa ryo kwirukanka, ubwo yafatirwaga amakosa. Rurasanga kuba rero uwajuriye yarakoze amakosa y’ umurengera kandi agayitse; atabiburanisha agamije ko indishyi yaciwe ataziryozwa bityo; urubanza rwajuririwe rukaba rutagomba guhinduka. [18] Rurasanga indishyi zo gukurikirana urubanza n’igihembo cya avoka mu bujurire Ntawuhimana Thérèse asaba yazihabwa, ariko ayo asaba akaba ari menshi kandi adatangira

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gihamya ko ariyo yahawe, uru rukiko akaba rumugeneye 450.000frw yo ku rwego rw’ ubujurire yiyongera kuyo yagenewe. [19] Kubera rero izo mpamvu, nta cyahinduka ku rubanza rwajuririwe kubera ko nta shingiro ubujurire buhawe. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO: [20] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa PC Nsengumuremyi Théogène nta shingiro bufite. [21] Rwemeje ko nta gihindutse ku rubanza rwajuririwe. [22] Rutegetse PC Nsengumuremyi Théogène kwishyura 450.0000frw Ntawuhimana Thérèse yo gukurikirana urubanza n’igihembo cya avoka yo ku rwego rw’ ubujurire.