PHARMACIE SANGWA V GTBANK

# PHARMACIE SANGWA V GTBANK

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2022-03-18 - Case/document no.: RCOMA 00061/2021/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd N ABANDI v. EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc N UNDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW UBUJURIRE – RCOMAA 00061/2021/CA (Ngagi, P.J.,) 18 Werurwe 2022] Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru agenga ibyerekeye gucunga, gukodesha, kugurisha mu cyamunara, no kwegukana ingwate – Kugurisha Ingwate – Gutesha agaciro cyamunara – Kuba nta muntu numwe wigeze upiganwa muri cyamunara ya mbere n’iya kabiri ntibyafatwa nk’ impamvu yatuma cyamunara ya nyuma yateshwa agaciro – Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru agenga ibyerekeye gucunga, gukodesha, kugurisha mu cyamunara, no kwegukana ingwate, Ingingo ya 29 niya 36. Incamake y ikibazo: EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc yahaye PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd inguzanyo ingana na 280.000.000Frw, itanga ingwate y’umutungo utimukanwa ubaruye kuri Ndemire Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane, inguzanyo ntiyishyuwe nkuko bikwiye maze Banki isaba Umwanditsi Mukuru muri RDB uburenganzira bwo kugurisha ingwate, maze igurishwa 321.050.000 Frw muri cyamura. Ndemire Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane bandikiye Umwanditsi Mukuru bamusaba gutesha agaciro cyamunara bavuga ko agaciro kagurishirijweho ingwate ari gato kagereranyijwe n’agaciro kayo, nyuma nawe abasubiza ko nta mategeko bagaragaza atarubahirijwe ku buryo cyamunara yateshwa agaciro. PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd, Ndemire Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane baregeye Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi barusaba gutesha agaciro cyamunara bavuga ko ingwate yahombejwe ku bushake no kuba hari amategeko atarubahirijwe ndetse bagasaba guhabwa indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc yireguye ivuga ko cyamunara yabaye ku nshuro ya nyuma hakurikijwe amabwiriza ayigenga, bityo ko ikirego cyabo nta shingiro gifite. Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwaciye urubanza maze rwemeza ko ikirego cya PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd, NDEMIRE Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane nta shingiro gifite, rwemeza kandi ko nta mpamvu yo gutesha agaciro cyamunara yakozwe. PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd, Ndemire na Mukobwagaju ntibishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, maze bajuririra Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, basaba urwo Rukiko gusuzuma niba koko cyamunara itarikwiye guseswa hashingiwe banki hamwe n’umuhesha w inkiko Bajeneza Gervais barahombeje umutungo ku buryo bukabije birengagiza amategeko. Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwaciye urubanza, maze rwemeza ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd, Ndemire na Mukobwagaju nta shingiro bufite, bityo ko imikirize y’urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi idahindutse. PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd, Ndemire na Mukobwagaju ntibishimiye imikirize y’urubanza bajuririra na none mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, bavuga ko amatangazo ya cyamunara atarubahirije ibihe biteganywa n’amategeko kuko iminsi iteganywa n itegeko ituzuye, bavuga kandi ko

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bagiriwe akarengane muri cyamunara, kuko iyo ibihe byo gutanga amatangazo byubahizwa byari gutuma hapiganwa abantu benshi, bityo bakaba basaba ko cyamunara yaseswa. EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc yiregura ivuga ko ibijyaye no kuba amatangazo ataratanzwe mu gihe giteganywa n’amategeko ari ikirego gishya gitanzwe bwa mbere mu bujurire bwa kabiri kuko kitigeze gisuzumwa mu nkiko zombi zabanje, bityo ko gutanga ikirego gishya ku rwego rw’ubujurire bitemewe n’ amategeko. PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd ivuga ko ku nshuro ya mbere n’iya kabiri ya cyamunara nta muguzi wigeze uboneka ahubwo yabonetse ku nshuro ya gatatu, ko ku nshuro ya mbere n’iya kabiri nta giciro cyatanzwe, bityo ko igicirio cyatanzwe ku nshuro ya gatatu kitafatwa ko ari igiciro gisumba ibindi kuko mu zindi cyamunara nta giciro cyatanzwe. Incamake y icyemezo: Igiciro kisumba ibindi biciro gitangwa muri cyamunara ya nyuma ariyo ya 3 nicyo gifatwa nubwo nta muntu numwe wigeze apiganwa muri cyamunara ya mbere n’iya kabiri. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Amagarama ahwanye n ibyakozwe mu rubanza. Amategeko yashingiweho: Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru agenga ibyerekeye gucunga, gukodesha, kugurisha mu cyamunara, no kwegukana ingwate, Ingingo ya 29 niya 36. Nta manza zifashishijwe. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc yahaye PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd inguzanyo ingana na 280.000.000Frw, itanga ingwate y’umutungo utimukanwa ubaruye kuri UPI: 1/02/10/10/01/466 wa Ndemire Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane. PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd yaje kunanirwa kwishyurwa iyo nguzanyo, Banki isaba Umwanditsi Mukuru muri RDB uburenganzira bwo kugurisha ingwate, arabutanga, ingwate igurishwa 321.050.000 Frw muri cyamunara yo ku wa 09/10/2021. Ndemire Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane bandikiye Umwanditsi Mukuru bamusaba gutesha agaciro cyamunara kuko agaciro kagurishirijweho ingwate ari gato kagereranyijwe n’agaciro kayo, abasubiza ko nta mategeko bagaragaza atarubahirijwe ku buryo cyamunara yateshwa agaciro. [2] PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd, Ndemire Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane baregeye Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi barusaba gutesha agaciro cyamunara yo ku wa 09/10/2021 ku mpamvu z’uko ingwate yahombejwe ku bushake no kuba hari amategeko atarubahirijwe ndetse bagasaba guhabwa indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka.

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[3] EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc yireguye ivuga ko cyamunara yabaye ku nshuro ya nyuma hakurikijwe amabwiriza ayigenga, bityo ko ikirego cyabo nta shingiro gifite. Bajeneza Gervais, Umuhesha w’inkiko w’umwuga washinzwe kugurisha ingwate yavuzwe haruguru, avuga ko ikirego kidakwiye guhabwa ishingiro kuko nta tegeko ryishwe muri cyamunara y’iyo ngwate. [4] Ku wa 04/11/2021, Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwaciye urubanza RCOM 01306/2021/TC, rwemeza ko ikirego cya PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd, NDEMIRE Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane nta shingiro gifite, rwemeza ko nta mpamvu yo gutesha agaciro cyamunara yakozwe ku mutungo ubaruye kuri UPI:1/02/10/10/01/466; rutegeka PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd, Ndemire Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane kwishyura EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc 550.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka, rubategeka kandi kwishyura Bajeneza Gervais 550.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka, ko 20.000 Frw yatanzweho ingwate y’amagarama aheze mu Isanduku ya Leta. [5] PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd, Ndemire Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane ntibishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, bajuririra Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, basaba urwo Rukiko gusuzuma niba koko cyamunara itarikwiye guseswa hashingiwe ku kuba EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc na Bajeneza Gervais barahombeje umutungo ku buryo bukabije birengagiza amategeko n'ubunyamwuga no gusuzuma niba koko Urukiko rutaragaragarijwe amategeko atarubahirijwe ndetse n'impamvu zumvikana zatuma cyamunara iteshwa agaciro. [6] Ku wa 23/11/2021, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwaciye urubanza RCOMA 00705/2021/HCC, rwemeza ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd, Ndemire Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane nta shingiro bufite, ko imikirize y’urubanza RCOM 01306/2021/TC rwaciwe ku wa 04/11/2021 n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi idahindutse; rutegeka PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd, Ndemire Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane gufatanya kwishyura EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc mu bujurire 600.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka no kwishyura Bajeneza Gervais mu bujurire 600.000 Frw akubiyemo igihembo cya Avoka, ko amagarama y’urubanza ahera mu Isanduku ya Leta. [7] PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd, Ndemire Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane ntibishimiye imikirize y’urubanza bajuririra na none uru Rukiko, ubujurire bwabwo bwandikwa kuri No RCOMAA 00061/2021/CA. [8] Iburanisha mu ruhame ryabaye ku wa 07/02/2022, PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd, Ndemire Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane bahagarariwe na Me Kagabo Venuste, EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc ihagarariwe na Me Kagwisagye Craish, naho Me Bajeneza Gervais yunganiwe na Me Hakizimana Francois Xavier. Kuri iyo tariki hasuzumwa inzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’Urukiko yatanzwe na EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc hamwe na Me Bajeneza Gervais, maze ku wa 25/02/2022. Urukiko rwemeza ko inzitizi yatanzwe nta shingiro ifite, kubera ko abajuriye batatsizwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, ko urubanza mu mizi ruzaburanishwa ku wa 09/03/2022. Kuri iyo tariki urubanza rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame, PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd ihagarariwe na Me Kagabo Venuste akanunganira Ndemire Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane, EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc ihagarariwe na Me Karemera Frank, naho Me BAJENEZA Gervais yunganiwe na Me Hakizimana Francois Xavier.

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II. IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYABYO 1. Kumenya niba muri cyamunara k’umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI 1/02/10/10/01/466 amatangazo yaratanzwe mu buryo budakurikije amategeko [9] Me Kagabo Venuste, uhagarariye PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd akanunganir Ndemire Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane bahagarariwe na Me Kagabo Venuste, EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc ihagarariwe na Me Kagwisagye Craish, naho Me Bajeneza Gervais yunganiwe na Me Hakizimana Francois Xavier. Kuri iyo tariki hasuzumwa inzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’Urukiko yatanzwe na EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc hamwe na Me Bajeneza Gervais, maze ku wa 25/02/2022, Urukiko rwemeza ko inzitizi yatanzwe nta shingiro ifite, kubera ko abajuriye batatsizwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, ko urubanza mu mizi ruzaburanishwa ku wa 09/03/2022. Kuri iyo tariki urubanza rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame, PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd ihagarariwe na Me Kagabo Venuste akanunganira Ndemire Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane, EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc ihagarariwe na Me Karemera Frank, naho Me Bajeneza Gervais yunganiwe na Me Hakizimana Francois Xavier. [10] Asobanura ko amatangazo ya cyamunara atatanzwe bikurikije amategeko kuko itangazo rya mbere rigaragaza ko cyamunara yagombaga gutangira ku wa 14/9/2021 nyamara EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc ibona itanganzo rya cyamunara ku wa 08/09/2021, itangazo ritangwa ku Kagari ka Gacuriro ku wa 06/09/2021, radiyo Isango Star ibona itangazo ku wa 03/09/2021, ku kinyamakuru Igihe.com itanganzo rihagera ku wa 03/09/2021, iminsi icumi iteganywa n'amategeko ikaba itarubahirijwe. Avuga ko cyamunara ya kabiri yari iteganyijwe ku wa 30/09/2021 ariko itangazo ritangwa ku Kagari ka Gacuriro ku wa 24/09/2021, rigera kuri radiyo Isango Star ku wa 23/9/2021, ndetse no ku kinyamakuru Igihe.com ku wa 22/09/2021, ko bigaragara ko iminsi 10 ituzuye. Avuga kandi ko cyamunara ya gatatu ari yo ya nyuma yari iteganyijwe ku wa 09/10/2021 ariko ko bigaragara ko itangazo ryageze ku kinyamakuru Igihe.com ku wa 01/10/2021, rigera ku Kagari ka Gacuriro ku wa 02/10/2021, rigera kuri radiyo Isango Star ku wa 1/10/2021, ko ibi byose bigaragaza ko cyamunara itubahirije amategeko agenga imihango ya cyamunara kandi akaba ari byo bagaragaje hose ko cyamunara ikwiye guseswa ariko bikaba bitarasesenguwe ngo Urukiko rugaragaze ko amatangazo yaba yaratanzwe bikurikije amategeko cyane ko iyo urebye raporo yahawe Umwanditsi Mukuru nayo itagaragaza uko amatariki y'amatangazo ahura. [11] Avuga ko ibyo Me Bajeneza Gervais n’umwunganira bavuga ko ibijyanye no kuba amatangazo atarubahirije ibihe biteganywa n’amategeko ari ikirego gishya atari byo, ko Urukiko rwareba muri system ibyo bajuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi no ku nyandikomvugo y’iburanisha urupapuro rwa 1 n’urwa 2 rwaba rutabisanzemo bikazaba ari bishya. Avuga kandi ko ntaho bemeranyijwe ku bijyanye n’igihe cyo gutanga amatangazo. [12] Mukobwagaju Diane avuga ko icyo yongeraho ari uko bagiriwe akarengane muri cyamunara, ko iyo ibihe byo gutanga amatangazo byubahizwa byari gutuma hapiganwa abantu benshi. Ndemire Olivier we avuga ko asaba Urukiko gushingira kubyo Avoka wabo yavuze hanyuma bagahabwa ubutabera.

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[13] Uhagarariye EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc avuga ko ingingo ya 260 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya impamvu eshatu umuntu wese yashingiraho asaba guhagarika cyangwa gutesha agaciro cyamunara, ko muri izo mpamvu, ireba cyane uru rubanza ari iya mbere; “hatubahirijwe amategeko agenga ishinganisha, ifatira n'itangazwa rya cyamunara”, ko abajuriye bavuga ko umutungo wahombejwe ku bushake ngo kubera ko uburyo amatangazo yatanzwemo budakwiye, ko ibyo bavuga nta shingiro bifite kuko uburyo cyamunara yatangajwemo ari bwo buryo buteganywa n’ingingo ya 29 y’Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru N° 001/2020/ORG yo ku wa 12/05/2020 agenga ibyerekeye gucunga, gukodesha, kugurisha mu cyamunara, no kwegukana ingwate. [14] Avuga kandi ko ingingo ya 29 y’Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru N° 001/2020/ORG ihujwe n’ingingo ya 2 y’Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru No 002/2021/ORG yo ku wa 29/06/2021 yuzuza ayo muri 2020, usanga iminsi 10 y’amatangazo iteganyijwe kuri cyamunara ya mbere gusa, ko rero amatangazo yatanzwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko. Ko kandi igika cya 17 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa kigaragaza ko ibijyanye n’ibihe by’amatangazo impande zombi zemeraga ko byubahirijwe. [15] Me Bajeneza Gervais na Me Hakizimana Francois Xavier umwunganira bavuga ko ibijyaye no kuba amatangazo ataratanzwe mu gihe giteganywa n’amategeko ari ikirego gishya gitanzwe bwa mbere mu bujurire bwa kabiri kuko kitigeze gisuzumwa mu nkiko zombi zabanje, ko rero bashyingiye ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 154 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru basanga bitemewe gutanga ikirego gishya ku rwego rw’ubujurire. [16] Bavuga kandi ko Urukiko rusanze atari ikirego gishya rwakwemeza ko ibivugwa n’abajuriye nta shingiro bifite kuko amatangazo ya cyamunara yakozwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko. Basobanura ko nyuma y’aho gushyira mu bikorwa ibyemezo by’inkiko (inyandikompesha) cyangwa kugurisha ingwate binyuze muri cyamunara, hasigaye hakoreshwa uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga itangazo rya mbere rimenyeshwa kuri radiyo ndetse no mu kinyamakuru gikorera mu Rwanda riba rikubiyemo inshuro zose uko ari eshatu (3), ko rigaragaza neza igihe ipiganwa rizatangirira n’igihe rizarangirira mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga kuri izo nshuro zose uko ari eshatu (3), ko kandi iryo tangazo ari ryo bamenyesha hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 29 y’Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru No 001/2020/ORG yo ku wa 12/05/2020 agenga ibyerekeye gucunga, gukodesha, kugurisha mu cyamunara, no kwegukana ingwate. [17] Bakomeza bavuga ko ingingo ya 29 y’Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru yavuzwe haruguru ndetse n’ingingo ya 2 y’Amabwiriza y’umwanditsi Mukuru No 002/2021/ORG yo ku wa 29/06/2021 ahindura kandi yuzuza Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru No 001/2020/ORG yo ku wa 12/05/2020 zihujwe n’imigendekere ya system ikoreshwa muri cyamunara, ko amatangazo batanze kuri radiyo Isango Star ndetse no ku kinyamakuru Igihe.com bayatanze mu gihe gikurikije amategeko. [18] Ku bijyanye n’igihe itangazo ryamanikiwe ku biro by’Akagari ka Gacuriro, bavuga ko Amabwiriza y’Umwansitsi Mukuru adateganya igihe ntarengwa bigomba gukorerwa, ko Itegeko rivuga gusa ko uwashinzwe gucunga ingwate amanika itangazo ku biro by’Akagari ndetse akanarishyira mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa mukurangiza inyandikompesha.

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Basobanura ko batanze itangazo kuri Radio Isango Star no ku kinyamakuru Igihe tariki 03/09/2021 cyamunara ya mbere iri bube ku wa 14/09/2021, ko iminsi 10 ivugwa mu Itegeko bayubahirije ku nshuro ya mbere nk’uko Itegeko ribiteganya naho ku zindi nshuro ebyiri zikurikira Itegeko ndetse na system bikaba bitanga gusa amasaha 24 yo gutangaza mbere y’uko system ifunguka, ko kandi ariko babikoze nk’uko biteganywa n’ingigo ya 2 y’Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru No 002/2021/ORG yo ku wa 29/06/2021, ko rero amatangazo yatanzwe mu buryo no munzira bikurikije amategeko. [19] Bavuga kandi ko Iteka rya Minisitiri n o 005/MOJ/AJ/21 ryo ku wa 07/06/2021 ryerekeye irangizwa ry’inyandikompesha mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga, mu ngingo ya 13 rivuga ko hagati ya cyamunara imwe n’indi hagomba kunyura amasaha 24. Ko kandi Itegeko riteganya ko amatangazo atangwa kuri radiyo no mu binyamakuru bikorera mu Rwanda, ko batanze itangazo kuri radiyo Isango Star no ku kinyamakuru Igihe.com tariki ya 03/09/2021 cyamunara iri bube ku wa 14/09/2021, ko rero bubahirije iminsi 10 iteganywa n’ingingo ya 29 y’Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA a. Kumenya ko kutubahiriza igihe cyo gutanga amatangazo ari ikirego gishya gitanzwe bwa mbere ku rwego rw’ubujurire bwa kabiri [20] Ingingo ya 154, igika cya mbere, y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ibikurikira: “Ku rwego rw’ubujurire ntihashobora gutangirwa ikirego gishya keretse kuregera guhwanya imyenda, cyangwa gutanga ikirego cyo kwiregura ku kirego cy’ibanze cyatanzwe mu rukiko rw’ubujurire.” [21] Igika cya gatatu cy’iyo ngingo giteganya ibikurikira : “Ntibibujijwe ariko mu rwego rw’ubujurire gutanga ibisobanuro bishya cyangwa ibimenyetso bishya bigamije kumvikanisha kurushaho ibyari byaraburanishijwe mu rwego rwa mbere”. [22] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaramo ko mu gutanga ikirego, PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd, Ndemire Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane basabye Urukiko gusuzuma niba cyamunara igomba guteshwa agaciro ku mpamvu zo kutubahiriza amategeko no gusuzuma ko cyamunara yateshwa agaciro hashingiwe ku kuba ingwate yarahombejwe ku bushake. Mu iburanisha ryo ku wa 02/11/2021 mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, Me Kagabo Venuste wari uhagarariye abarega yasabye ko cyamunara iteshwa agaciro hashingiwe ku buryo amatangazo yatanzwe no kuba ku nshuro ya mbere n’iya kabiri nta mukiriya witabiriye cyamunara. [23] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaramo kandi inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha ryo ku wa 18/11/2021 mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, ku rupapuro rwa 1, Me Kagabo Venuste wari uhagarariye PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd, Ndemire Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane yavuze ko amatangazo atubahirije iminsi 10 iteganywa mu ngingo ya 29 y’Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru Nº 001/2020/ORG. [24] Urukiko rurasanga mu byo PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd, Ndemire Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane yashingiyeho isaba ko cyamunara iteshwa agaciro harimo impamvu ijyanye nuko amatangazo yarakozwe mu buryo budakurikije amategeko kandi mu iburanisha mu Rukiko

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Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi basobanuye neza ko amatangazo atubahije iminsi icumi (10) iteganywa mu ngingo ya 29 y’Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru Nº 001/2020/ORG, byumvikana ko atari ikirego gishya, bityo ibyo Bajeneza Gervais n’umwunganira bavuga ko ibijyanye no kuba amatangazo ataratanzwe mu gihe giteganywa n’amategeko ari ikirego gishya gitanzwe bwa mbere ku rwego rw’ubujurire bwa kabiri nta shingiro bifite. b. Kumenya niba amatangazo ya cyamura y’umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI: 1/01/10/01/466 ataratanzwe mu bihe biteganywa n’amategeko [25] Ingingo ya 29, igika cya 1 y’Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru Nº 001/2020/ORG yo ku wa 12/05/2020 agenga ibyerekeye gucunga, gukodesha, kugurisha mu cyamunara, no kwegukana ingwate iteganya ibikurikira: “Ushinzwe gucunga ingwate amenyekanisha igurisha mu cyamunara nibura iminsi icumi (10) mbere y’umunsi wa cyamunara kuri radiyo cyangwa televiziyo no mu kinyamakuru cyandikirwa mu icapiro cyangwa gikorera kuri interineti bikorera mu Rwanda”. Mu gika cya kabiri iteganya ibikurikira: “Iyo minsi ibarwa uhereye ku munsi ukurikira uwo cyamunara yatangarijweho habariwemo umunsi cyamunara izaberaho”. Naho mu gika cya gatatu ikagira iti: “Ushinzwe gucunga ingwate amanika iryo tangazo ku biro by’Akagari ingwate iherereyemo akanarishyira mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga bukoreshwa mu kurangiza inyandikompesha igihe uru rubuga ruri gukora”. [26] Ingingo ya 2, igika cya mbere, y’Amabwiriza Nº 002/2021/0RG yo ku wa 29/06/2021 y’Umwanditsi Mukuru ahindura Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru nº 001/2020/ORG yo ku wa 12/05/2020 agenga ibyerekeye gucunga, gukodesha, kugurisha mu cyamunara, no kwegukana ingwate, iteganya ibikurikira: “Cyamunara ikorwa binyuze mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga, ikorwa hakurikijwe imiterere y’uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga bukoreshwa mu kurangiza inyandikompesha n’ibisabwa mu mikoreshereze yabwo nk’uko biteganwa n’Iteka rya Minisitiri ufite ubutabera mu nshingano ryerekeye irangizwa ry’inyandikompesha”. [27] Ingingo ya 2, igika cya 5, y’Amabwiriza Nº 002/2021/ORG avuzwe haruguru iteganya ibikurikira: «Iyo cyamunara ikorwa binyuze mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga itarangiye kubera ko nta bapiganwa babonetse cyangwa igiciro gisumba ibindi cyatanzwe mu cyamunara cyanzwe n’uwahawe ingwate, uwatanze ingwate, cyangwa nyir’umutungo watanzweho ingwate ipiganwa rirakomeza. Mu gika cya 6 ivuga ko ushinzwe gucunga ingwate atangaza ikomeza ry’ipiganwa mu gihe cy’amasaha makumyabiri n’ane (24) abarwa uhereye 1° ku isaha uburyo ̵ bw’ikoranabuhanga bwagaragaje ko nta bapiganwa babonetse; 2° ku isaha igiciro gisumba ibindi cyatanzwe mu cyamunara cyangiweho ». [28] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaramo itangazo rya cyamunara rishyira mu bikorwa icyemezo cy’Umwanditsi Mukuru Nº 00411/2021/RCV/ORG ORG-021068519 cyo ku wa 26/08/2021, ryashinzweho umukono n’ushinzwe kugurisha ingwate Me Bajeneza Gervais ku wa 31/08/2021. Muri iryo tangazo ushinzwe kugurisha ingwate iri mu kibanza kibaruye kuri UPI: 1/01/10/01/466 agaragaza ko cyamunara ku nshuro ya mbere izatangira ku wa 14/09/2021 ikarangira ku wa 21/09/2021, ko mu gihe ntawe uzaba wegukanye ingwate cyamunara izakomeza ku nshuro ya kabiri kuva ku wa 23/09/2021 kugeza ku wa 30/09/2021, mu gihe nabwo nta wegukanye ingwate cyamunara ku nshuro ya gatatu ari nayo yanyuma izakomeza kuva 02/10/2021 ikageza ku wa 09/10/2021. Dosiye igaragaza kandi ko iryo tangazo ryashyikirijwe radiyo Isango Star ku wa

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02/09/2021, rishyirwa ku kinyamakuru Igihe.com ku wa 03/09/2021, rimanikwa ku biro by’Akagari ka Gacuriro ku wa 06/09/2021. [29] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza na none ko cyamunara ya kabiri yari iteganyijwe ku wa 30/09/2021 itangazo ritangwa kuri Radio Isango Star ku wa 23/9/2021, ryandikwa mu kinyamakuru Igihe.com ku wa 22/09/2021, rimanikwa ku biro by’Akagari ka Gacuriro ku wa 24/9/2021. Igaragaza kandi ko cyamunara ya gatatu yari iteganyijwe ku wa 09/10/2021 itangazo ritangwa kuri Radio Isango Star ku wa 01/10/2021, ryandikwa ku kinyamakuru Igihe.com ku wa 01/10/2021, rimanikwa ku biro by’Akagari ka Gacuriro ku wa 02/10/2021. [30] Urukiko rusesenguye ibiteganywa mu ngingo ya 29 y’Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru Nº 001/2020/ORG yibukijwe haruguru, rukabihuza n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 2 y’Amabwiriza Nº 002/2021/ORG nayo yibukijwe haruguru, rurasanga cyamunara yakozwe hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga igomba gutangazwa byibuze mbere y’iminsi icumi (10) kuri radiyo cyangwa televiziyo no mu kinyamakuru bikorera mu Rwanda ariko iyo itarangiye kubera ko nta bapiganwa babonetse cyangwa igiciro gisumba ibindi cyatanzwe cyanzwe n’uwahawe ingwate, uwatanze ingwate, cyangwa nyir’umutungo watanzweho ingwate, ushinzwe gucunga ingwate atangaza ikomeza ry’ipiganwa mu gihe cy’amasaha makumyabiri n’ane (24), bikaba byumvikana ko cyamunara itangazwa mbere y’iminsi icumi ari cyamunara ya mbere naho cyamunara ya kabiri n’iya gatatu akaba atari ngombwa kuko Umwanditsi Mukuru agaragaza ko ushinzwe kugurisha ingwaye atangaza ko ipiganwa rikomeje bivuze ko gutangaza cyamunara mbere y’iminsi icumi (10) bitareba cyamunara ya kabiri n’iyagatatu kuko abari ari ugukomeza ipiganwa [31] Urukiko rurasanga mu itangazo rya cyamunara y’umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI: 1/01/10/01/466 ryo ku wa 31/08/2021, ushinzwe kugurisha ingwate Me BAJENEZA Gervais yaragaragaje uburyo cyamunara izakorwa kuva itangiye kugeza irangiye kandi iryo tangazo ryerekana ko ryanyujijwe kuri radiyo Isango Star ku wa 02/09/2021, rinyuzwa ku kinyamakuru Igihe.com ku wa 03/09/2021 kandi cyamunara ya mbere yari iteganyijwe kuva ku wa 14/09/2021, bikaba rero bigaragara ko cyamunara yatangajwe kuri radio Isango Star mbere y’iminsi 12, itangazwa mu kinyamakuru Igihe.com mbere y’iminsi 11, bityo iminsi icumi (10) iteganywa mu ngingo 29 y’Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru Nº 001/2020/ORG yavuzwe haruguru yarubahirijwe. Naho ku bijyanye no kuba itangazo rya cyamunara ryaramanitswe ku biro by’Akagari ka Gacuriro ku wa 06/09/2021 kandi cyamunara ya mbere iteganyijwe ku wa 14/09/2021, nta kosa ryakozwe kubera ko iminsi iteganywa mu Mabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru yavuzwe haruguru itareba ibijyanye no kumanika itangazo ku biro by’Akagari ingwate iherereyemo kuko iyo biza kuba ari ngombwa ko itangazo rimanikwa ku biro by’Akagari ingwate iherereyemo mbere y’iminsi 10 nta cyari kumubuza ko byandikwa mu gika cya mbere cy’ingingo ya 29 y’Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru yavuzwe haruguru ivuga ko cyamunara imenyekansihwa mbere y’iminsi (10) kuri radiyo cyangwa televiziyo no mu kinyamakuru bikorera mu Rwanda. [32] Ku byerekeye amatangazo kuri cyamunara ya kabiri n’iya gagatu, Urukiko rurasanga cyamunara ya kabiri yari iteganyijwe ku wa 30/09/2021 itangazwa kuri radiyo Isango Star ku wa 23/9/2021 inatangazwa mu kinyamakuru Igihe.com ku wa 22/09/2021, itangazo rimanikwa ku biro by’Akagari ka Gacuriro ku wa 24/9/2021, mbere y’iminsi 6, bikaba bigaragara ko cyamunara yatangajwe kuri radiyo Isango Star mbere y’iminsi 7, itangazwa mu kinyamakuru

## Page 9

Igihe.com mbere y’iminsi 8. Naho cyamunara ya gatatu yari iteganyijwe ku wa 09/10/2021 itagazwa kuri radiyo Isango Star no mu kinyamakuru Igihe.com ku wa 01/10/2021, itangazo rimanikwa ku biro by’Akagari ka Gacuriro ku wa 02/10/2021, mbere y’iminsi 7, bikaba rero bigaragara ko ku nshuro ya gatatu cyamunara yatangajwe mbere y’iminsi 8, Urukiko rukaba rusanga amatangazo ya cyamunara ku nshuro ya kabiri n’iya gatatu yaratanzwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko kuko nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru kuri cyamunara ya kabiri n’iya gatatu ntabwo ari ngombwa ko itangazwa mbere y’iminsi 10 kuko ari ugukomeza ipiganwa ryatangiye, bityo ibivugwa n’abajuriye ko amatangazo ya cyamunara ku nshuro ya kabiri n’iya gatatu atubahirije iminsi 10 nta shingiro bifite. 2.Kumenya niba umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI: 1/02/10/10/01/466 warahombejwe mu cyamunara ku buryo cyamunara ikwiye guteshwa agaciro [33] Me Kagabo Venuste, uhagarariye PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd akanunganira Ndemire Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane, avuga ko bagaragarije Urukiko ko ku nshuro ya mbere n’iya kabiri ya cyamunara nta muguzi wigeze uboneka ahubwo yabonetse ku nshuro ya gatatu, ko ku nshuro ya mbere n’iya kabiri nta giciro cyatanzwe, ko rero igicirio cyatanzwe ku nshuro ya gatatu kitafatwa ko ari igiciro gisumba ibindi kuko mu zindi cyamunara nta giciro cyatanzwe, ko harebwa ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 36 y’Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru. Avuga kandi ko umutungo watejwe cyamunara wari ufite agaciro karenga 1.000.000.000Frw ariko utezwa cyamunara kuri 320.000.000 Frw, ko rero wahombejwe ku bushake. [34] Asobanura ko kuva ku Mwanditsi Mukuru no mu Rukiko bagaragaje ko umutungo wa Ndemire Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane wahombejwe kandi kubushake kuko Banki ndetse n'Umuhesha w'inkiko babikoze ku bushake bagamije guhesha amahirwe umukiliya bari bafite watangaga amafaranga make, ko ibyo babikoze mu itangwa ry'amatangazo ndetse bikorwa kubushake kandi kubw'umutima mubi (mauvaise foi) kuko iyo urebye uburyo cyamunara yakorwaga ndetse bagahamagara ufite umutungo watezwaga cyamunara bamubwira ngo system yanze ntabwo irimo ikora kuko yabasabaga uburyo yabona access kuri system ikoreshwa muri cyamunara ariko bakamwihorera kugeza bateje cyamunara kandi bakabikorana umutima mubi (mauvaise foi). Ko ikindi ari ukuba baratanze amatangazo kuri radiyo Isango Star byibura ntihakoreshwe televisiyo kugira ngo umutungo ugurwe n'abantu bashobora kuba babonye amakuru bihagije, ko kandi batagaragarijwe uburyo amatangazo bavuga yatanzwe, bityo basaba Urukiko gutegeka ko cyamunara iteshwa agaciro. [35] Mukobwagaju Diane avuga ko bananiwe kwishyura kubera ibibazo bya Covid19, ko inzu batanzeho ingwate yari ifite agaciro karenga 1.100.000.000Frw ariko itezwa cyamunara kuri 320.000.000 Frw, amafaranga atageze ku mwenda bari bafashe muri Equity Bank Rwanda Plc. Ndemire Olivier akavuga ko ingwate yatejwe cyamunara ihari, ko nabo bahari, ko na Covid-19 yatumye bananirwa kwishyura irimo kurangira, ko rero bahawe ubutabera basaba bakwishyura umwenda bari bafitiye Equity Bank Rwanda Plc. [36] Uhagarariye Equity Bank Rwanda Plc avuga ko ku bijyanye n’igiciro cyatanzwe muri cyamunara, Itegeko riteganya ko muri cyamunara ya gatatu igiciro cyatanzwe gisumba ibindi ari cyo cyakirwa kandi ko ari ko byagenze, ko abajuriye badashobora kugaragaza ingingo runaka itarubahirijwe ku buryo byashingirwaho cyamunara iseswa, ko kandi ibivugwa ko Equity Bank Rwanda Plc yagiye ihisha amakuru ya cyamunara nabyo bitari ukuri kuko Urukiko ruzabona

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ibimenyetso bikurikira: ku wa 06/05/2021, Equity Bank Rwanda Plc yatanze integuza ya nyuma isaba PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd kwishyura umwenda ungana na 302.945.409 Frw mu minsi mirongo itatu cyangwa hagatezwa ingwate yatanzwe kugira ngo Banki igaruze amafaranga yayo. Iyo integuza yakiriwe na Olivier Ndemire ahagarariye uwahawe umwenda hamwe n’umuryango we watanze ingwate. Ku wa 26/08/2021, Registrar General yatanze Permit to Sell nayo ihita imenyeshwa Olivier Ndemire ku wa 27/08/2021 nk’uhagarariye uwahawe umwenda hamwe n’uwatanze ingwate. Receiver yakoze Amabwiriza y’igurisha hamwe n’imigereka yayo amenyeshwa abajuriye ku wa 06/09/2021, icyamunara gikorwa ku nshuro ya nyuma ku wa 09/10/2021 hakurikijwe Amabwiriza abigenga; bityo, ibyo kuvuga ko cyamunara yateshwa agaciro ngo kubera ko uwatanze ingwate atahawe amakuru, basanga nabyo nta shingiro byahabwa. [37] Ku bijyanye n’ibyo abajuriye bavuga ko habaye uburiganya bitewe nuko receiver yagurishije umutungo ku mafaranga yabonetse kuri cyamunara ya gatatu (ya nyuma) basanga ari ukwirengagiza ingingo ya 28 (2) y’Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru N° 001/2020/ORG yo ku wa 12/05/2020 agenga ibyerekeye gucunga, gukodesha, kugurisha mu cyamunara, no kwegukana ingwate aho iteganya ko iyo uwatanze ingwate cyangwa nyir’umutungo atishimiye igenagaciro ryakozwe n’umugenagaciro wemewe arinyomoza yifashishije umugenagaciro ahawe n’Urugaga rw’Abakora umwuga w’igenagaciro ku mutungo utimukanwa mu Rwanda hamwe n’ingingo ya 31 aho ivuga ko iyo cyamunara yakozwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga, bidasaba umubare w’abantu batari munsi (minimum) ya batatu kugira ngo cyamunara ibe kuko abapiganwa batabona abandi cyangwa ibiciro byatanzwe mbere yuko bifungurwa. Ikindi kandi, iyo ngingo isoza ivuga ko iyimurwa rya cyamunara ridashobora kurenza inshuro ebyiri, bityo ko ibyakozwe bikurikije Amabwiriza abigenga. [38] Me Bajeneza Gervais n’umwunganira bavuga ko ibyo abajuriye bavuga nta shingiro bifite kuko Itegeko riteganya ko igiciro gisumba ibindi cyatanzwe ku nshuro ya gatatu ya cyamunara ari cyo cyakirwa, ko kandi ari ko byagenze. Basobanura ko ku nshuro ya gatatu ya cyamunara hapiganwe abantu babiri hanyuma umutungo wegukanwa n’uwatanze igiciro gisumba ibindi, ko rero nta tegeko ryishwe. Ku bijyanye n’ibyo abajuriye bavuga ko umutungo watejwe cyamunara ku gicico gito kubw'umutima mubi (mauvaise foi) nabyo nta shingiro bifite kuko nta mukiriya bazanye ngo bamwange, ko bafatanyije n’abajuriye gushaka umukiriya ariko ntibamubona, ko niyo umutungo ugurishwa ku mafaranga menshi arenze ayo wagurishijwe nawe yari kunguka, ko rero nta mauvaise foi yagize mu guteza cyamunara. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [39] Ingingo ya 36, igika cya gatatu, y’Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru Nº 001/2020/ORG yo ku wa 12/05/2020 yavuzwe haruguru, iteganya ibikurikira: « Ku cyamunara ya gatatu (3) ari nayo ya nyuma, umutungo ugurishwa wegukanwa n’uwatanze igiciro kinini ». [40] Ingingo ya 13, igika cya nyuma, y’Iteka rya minisitiri N°005/MOJ/AG/21 ryo ku wa 07/06/2021 ryerekeye irangizwa ry’inyandikompesha, iteganya ibikurikira: « Ku nshuro ya gatatu, umutungo utezwa cyamunara wegukanwa n’uwatanze igiciro gisumba ibindi byatanzwe ku nshuro zose z’ipiganwa ».

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[41] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaramo raporo y’igurisha mu cyamunara y’umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI: 1/01/10/01/466 yakozwe na Bajeneza Gervais wari ushinzwe kugurisha ingwate, ikagaragaza ko ku nshuro ya mbere n’iya kabiri nta bapiganwa babonetse hanyuma ku nshuro ya gatatu ya cyamunara, hapiganwa Nyampundu Bora watanze 300.100.000 Frw na Ntihanabayo Samuel watanze 321.050.000 Frw. Igaragaza kandi ko Ntihanabayo Samuel utuye mu Mudugudu wa Gasharu, Akagari ka Kibagabaga, Umurenge wa Kimironko, [42] Dosiye igaragaramo kandi inyandiko yiswe List of bidders yerekana ko ku nshuro ya gatatu ya cyamunara hapiganwe abantu babiri ari bo Nyampundu Bora watanze 300.100.000 Frw na Ntihanabayo Samuel watanze 321.050.000 Frw. Dosiye igaragaramo na none inyandiko y’Umwanditsi Mukuru muri RDB yo ku wa 18/10/2021 yemera raporo yakozwe Bajeneza Gervais wari ushinzwe kugurisha umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI: 1/01/10/01/466 wa Mukobwagaju Diane na Ndemire Olivier. [43] Urukiko rurasanga, kuba ku nshuro ya gatatu ya cyamunara harapiganwe abantu babiri ari bo : Nyampundu Bora watanze 300.100.000 Frw na Ntihanabayo Samuel watanze 321.050.000 Frw hanyuma umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI: 1/01/10/01/466 watezwaga cyamunara ukegukanwa na Ntihanabayo Samuel watanze 321.050.000 Frw bikurije ibiteganywa mu ngingo ya 36 y’Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru Nº 001/2020/ORG yavuzwe haruguru kuko yari cyamunara ya gatatu ari nayo ya nyuma kandi umutungo wegukanwe n’uwatanze igiciro gisumba ibindi. [44] Ku byerekeye ibyo abajuriye bavuga ko igiciro cyatanzwe atari igiciro gisumba ibindi kuko muri cyamunara ya mbere n’iya kabiri nta bapiganwe, Urukiko rurasanga nta shingiro bifite kuko Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru yateganyije ko cyamunara ya gatatu ari yo ya nyuma, bivuze ko igiciro cyatanzwe muri iyo cyamunara ya nyuma ari cyo gifatwa nubwo nta baba bapiganwe muri cyamunara ya mbere n’iya kabiri. [45] Ku byerekeye ibyo abajuriye bavuga ko umutungo watanzweho ingwate wahombejwe kubushake bwa Banki n'Umuhesha w'inkiko babikoze bagamije guhesha amahirwe umukiliya bari bafite watangaga amafaranga make, ko kandi ibyo babikoze mu itangwa ry'amatangazo ndetse bikorwa kubushake kandi kubw'umutima mubi (mauvaise foi), nta shingiro bifite kuko nk’uko byagaragajwe haruguru amatangazo yatanzwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko kandi umutungo watejwe cyamunara ku nshuro ya nyuma ya cyamunara, byumvikana ko igiciro gisumba ibindi cyatanzwe ari cyo cyagombaga gufatwa, bityo nta guhombya umutungo kwabayeho. Byongeye kandi nta bimenyetso batanga bigaragaza ko Banki n’Umuhesha w’inkiko bashatse guhombya umutungo wabo, kuko Bajeneza Gervais ubwe yabwiye Urukiko ko yabafashije gushakisha abakiliya ariko ntibaboneka. [46] Hashingiwe ku bisobanuro bimaze gutangwa, Urukiko rurasanga ubujurire bwa PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd, Ndemire Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane nta shingiro bufite, bityo imikirize y’urubanza RCOMA 00705/2021/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 23/11/2021 ikaba idahindutse. 3.Kumenya niba amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka asabwa muri uru rubanza afite ishingiro

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[47] Equity Bank Rwanda Plc isaba Urukiko gutegeka abajuriye kuyisubiza 1.000.000 Frw y'igihembo cy'Avoka n'ikurikiranarubanza. [48] Me Bajeneza Gervais asaba ko abajuriye bategekwa kumuha 2.000.000 Frw akubiyemo ay'ikurikiranarubanza n’ayigihembo cy'Avoka. [49] Abajuriye biregura bavuga ko ibyo Equity Bank na Bajeneza Gervais basaba byo kuba hari ibyo batakaje basanga nta shingiro bifite kuko kugeza uyu munsi batagaragaza ikimenyetso cy’uko babitakaje. Bavuga kandi ko mu gihe ubujurire bwabo bwahabwa ishingiro basaba 7.500.000 Frw, akubiyemo ay’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’Avoka ku nzego zose. • [50] Uhagarariye Equity Bank Rwanda Plc yiregura ku mafaranga abajuriye basaba avuga ko nta shingiro afite kuko nta kosa Equity Bank yakoze. Me Hakizimana Francois Xavier wunganira Bajeneza Gervais avuga ko nta kosa Bajeneza Gervais yakoze muri uru rubanza, ko rero indishyi zisabwa n’abajuriye nta shingiro zifite. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [51] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryibukijwe haruguru iteganya ibikurikira: "Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikirana rubanza ni ikirego gishamikiye ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo, gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’ireme [52] Ku birebana n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd, Ndemire Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane basaba, Urukiko rurasanga nta shingiro afite kuko ubujurire bwabo butahawe ishingiro. III. ICYEMEZO CY`URUKIKO [53] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd, Ndemire Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane nta shingiro bufite. [54] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bwatanzwe na EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc bufite ishingiro [55] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bwatanzwe na EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc bufite ishingiro. [56] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bwatanzwe na Me Bajeneza Gervais bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe. [57] Rwemeje ko urubanza RCOMA 00705/2021/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 23/11/2021 rudahindutse. [58] Rutegetse PHARMACIE SANGWA Ltd, NdemirE Olivier na Mukobwagaju Diane gufatanya kwishyura EQUITY BANK RWANDA Plc na Me Bajeneza Gervais buri wese

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500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 200.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza kuri uru rwego, yose hamwe akaba 1.400.000 Frw. [59] Ruvuze ko amagarama yatanzwe ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza.