RADIANT v RWAKANA

# RADIANT v RWAKANA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2023-05-05 - Case/document no.: RCA 00173/2022/HC/KIG - Collection: High Court

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RADIANT INSURANCE COMPANY Ltd v RWAKANA [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU - RCA 00173/2022/HC/KIG (Nkusi, P.J.) 05 Gicurasi 2023] Amategeko agenga imanza z’imbonezamubano - Imanza z’ibirego by’indishyi – Indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka - Indishyi mbangamirabukungu - Uwakoze impanuka wakomeje akazi ke kamuhemba ntakwiye kugenerwa indishyi mbangamirabukungu kuko bene izi ndishyi zigenerwa uwatakaje akazi cyangwa ubundi buryo bwamutungaga bitewe n’impanuka. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge Rwakana arega Radiant Insurance Company Ltd (Radiant) ko kuwa 29/04/2019 mu kagali ka Kinunga, umurenge wa Gikondo, akarere ka Kicukiro habereye impanuka ya Moto RE 620 K yaritwawe na Sibomana Eric itwaye nawe imutwaye nk’umugenzi iza kugonga imodoka RAV4 RAB 506S. Iyo mpanuka yatewe na moto yari itwawe na Sibomana, ifite ubwishingizi muri Radiant. Rwakana yasabye indishyi mu bwumvikane ariko ntibyashoboka aza gutanga ikirego mu Rukiko rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge. Urukiko rwategetse ko Radiant yishyura Rwakana indishyi zitandukanye. Radiant ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza irujuririra mu Rukiko rukuru ivuga ko hatanzwe indishyi mbangamirabukungu ndetse n’undishyi mbangamiraburambe kandi Rwakana yarakomeje akazi ke ndetse akanakomeza guhembwa umushahara yafataga atarakora impanuka. Urukiko rwasuzumye ikibazo cyo kumenya niba urukiko rwabanje rwaragennye indishyi mbangamirabukungu kandi zitaragombaga kugenwa. Radiant isobanura ko uwakoze impanuka ntigire icyo ihungabanya mu bukungu bwe (umushahara we) ndetse ukinakora atagomba kubona indishyi mbangamirabukungu kubera ko izo ndishyi zitangwa ku muntu utagikora cyangwa se watakaje umusaruro we kubera impanuka nyamara ariko kuko ukurikije ko Rwakana agikora akaba ntacyo impanuka yamuhungabanyijeho, yaba umushahara we ndetse n’akazi ke. Rwakana yiregura avuga ko ibyo Radiant ivuga bitahabwa agaciro kuko yagize impanuka yamusigiye ubumuga bungana na 39% kandi itegeko rikaba riteganya uko babara indishyi ku muntu wagize impanuka agasigarana ubumuga buri hejuru ya 30%. Akaomeza asobanura ko kuba afite ubumuga butuma atabasha kugenda neza nkuko yagendaga mbere, ubu akaba atagenda adateze moto bimuha uburenganzira ku ndishyi mbangamirabukungu. Incamake y’icyemezo: Kuba Rwakana yarakomeje akazi ke akanakomeza guhembwa, urukiko rusanga atabona indishyi mbangamirabukungu kuko bene izi ndishyi zigenerwa uwatakaje akazi cyangwa ubundi buryo bwamutungaga bitewe n’impanuka. Bikaba bidakwiye ko Rwakana ahabwa izi ndishyi mbangamirabukungu ziza ziyongera ku mushahara yakomeje kubona kuko haba habayemo kwikungahaza mu ndishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka. Ubujurire bufite shingiro kuri bimwe; Urubanza RC 00994/2020/TGI/NYGE ruhindutse kuri bimwe.

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Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko No 41/2001 ryo kuwa 19/09/2001 ryerekeye imyishyurire y’abangirijwe n’impanuka zitewe n’ibinyabiziga bigenzwa na moteri kandi bigenda ku butaka, ingingo ya 4,5 Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 111. Iteka rya Perezida No 31/01 ryo kuwa 25/08/2003 rishyiraho uburyo bwo kwishyura indishyi ku bubabare bw'umubiri buturutse ku mpanuka zitewe n’ibinyabiziga, ingingo ya 13, 18 Nta manza zifashishijwe Inyandiko z’abahanga: Yvonne Lambert Faivre, Droit du dommage corporel, Systeme d’indemnisation, 3ème éd., Dalloz, 1996, p. 182. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge Rwakana Ribakare Osée arega RADIANT INSURANCE COMPANY Ltd asobanura ko kuwa 29/04/2019 mu kagali ka Kinunga, umurenge wa Gikondo, akarere ka Kicukiro habereye impanuka ya Moto RE 620 K yaritwawe na SIBOMANA Eric itwaye umugenzi witwa Rwakana Ribakare Osée ikagonga imodoka RAV4 RAB 506S yari itwawe na Mukandahiro Ndemera Jeanne d’Arc. Nk’uko bigaragara kuri PV yakozwe na police impanuka yatewe na Sibomana Eric, moto yari itwaye ifite ubwishingizi muri Radiant Insurance Company. Ubwo Rwakana Ribakare Osée yasabye indishyi biciye mu nzira z’ubwumvikane, ariko ntibyashoboka maze aregera urukiko kugira ngo rutegeke Radiant Insurance kwishyura Rwakana Ribakare Osée. [2] RADIANT INSURANCE COMPANY Ltd yireguraga yemera ko yashyikirijwe ibaruwa isaba indishyi ikanemera ko yakoresheje contre-expertise ikagaragaza ko Rwakana Ribakare Osée afite ubumuga bwa 39%. Radiant yemera kwishyura izindi ndishyi zisabwa hatarimo indishyi mbangamirabukungu ndetse na préjudice de carrière kubera ko nkuko Radiant yabimumenyesheje mu ibaruwa yo kuwa 30/10/2020 ko nyuma yo gusuzuma dosiye Radiant isanga nta ndishyi mbangamirabukungu agomba guhabwa kubera ko ubumuga yatewe n’impanuka butagize ingaruka yaba ku kazi yakoraga kuko akigakora kimwe no ku mushahara yahembwaga. Ibyo RADIANT INSURANCE yabibishingiye ku bimenyetso nyirubwite yayishyikirije yaba état des relevés nominatifs des rémunérations par assuré yashyikirije Radiant bigaragara ko yari agihembwa umushahara we wose kandi agifite umukoresha umwe ariwe nk’uko bigaragara mu ibaruwa yo kuwa 07/11/2019 yanditswe na Niyibizi Vincent, Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’umurenge wa Nyakarenzo aho yemeje ko Rwakana Ribakare Osée ari umukozi uhoraho akora akazi k’ubwarimu muri GS Nyakarenzo kuva 2014 kugeza igihe yandikiye ibaruwa.

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[3] Kuwa 01/04/2022 Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko ikirego rwaregewe na Rwakana Ribakare Osée gifite ishingiro; rutegeka RADIANT guha Rwakana Ribakare Osée indishyi zose hamwe zingana na 7 061 538frw hiyongereyeho indishyi z’igihembo cy’avoka; [4] RADIANT INSURANCE COMPANY ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza ijurira mu Rukiko Rukuru inenga ko Urukiko rwisumbuye rwaragennye indishyi mbangamirabukungu zingana na 3,539 578 frw n’indishyi z’ibangamirwa ry’uburambe mu kazi kandi zitaragombaga kugenwa. RADIANT yanengaga kandi ko Urukiko rwagennye amafaranga menshi arebana no kwivuza kimwe n’ay’ingendo kandi ataratangiwe ibimenyetso bihamye. [5] Urukiko Rukuru rurasuzuma niba Rwakana Ribakare Osée ataragombaga kugenerwa indishyi mbangamirabukungu n’indishyi z’ibangamirwa ry’uburambe mu kazi harebwe kandi niba Urukiko rwaragennye amafaranga menshi arebana no kwivuza kimwe n’ay’ingendo. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA A. Gusuzuma

niba

Urukiko

rwisumbuye

rwaragennye

indishyi mbangamirabukungu zingana na 3,539 578frw kandi zitaragombaga kugenwa. [6] RADIANT INSURANCE COMPANY Ltd yajuriye inenga ko Rwakana Ribakare OSEE yasabye indishyi mbangamirabukungu maze Radiant yo yiregura igaragaza ko Radiant isanga Rwakana Ribakare Osée wakoze impanuka ntigire icyo ihungabanya mu bukungu bwe (umushahara we) ndetse ukinakora atagomba kubona izo ndishyi mbangamirabukungu kubera ko indishyi mbangamirabukungu zitangwa ku muntu utagikora kubera impanuka cyangwa se watakaje umusaruro we kubera impanuka nyamara ariko kuko ukurikije ko Rwakana Ribakare OSEE agikora ntacyo impanuka yahungabanyije yaba umushahara we ndetse n’akazi ke. [7] RADIANT INSURANCE COMPANY Ltd ivuga ko ku bijyanye n’indishyi mbangamirabukungu yagenewe zingana na 3,539,578frw Radiant irasaba urukiko rujuririrwa kutazayagenera Rwakana Ribakare OSEE kuko nta préjudice économique yagize kuko yakomeje gukora nkuko ibimenyetso yashyikirije urukiko bibigaragaza birimo attestation de service et de salaire yo kwa 11/2019 yatanzwe n’umuyobozi w’ umurenge wa Nyakarenzo ndetse na Recommandation yo kwa 11/2019 yatanzwe n’umuyobozi wa GS NYAKARENZO bigaragaza ko Rwakana Ribakare Osee ari umukozi wabo uhembwa 189,080 akaba yanarakoraga akazi ke mu mwaka wa 2019 kugeza ubwo yabishyikirizaga Radiant kandi nubu nta kigaragaza ko atagihembwa cyangwa se yahagaritse akazi bitewe n’impanuka yakoze na cyane ko n’ibimenyetso bya RSSB bigaragaza ko atigeze agira icyo ahungabanaho ku mushahara we no kuzigamirwa. [8] RADIANT INSURANCE COMPANY Ltd ivuga ko kuba kugeza mu kwezi kuwa 07/11/2019 Rwakana Ribakare OSEE yari akiri mu kazi nubu akaba akikarimo bivuze ko impanuka ntacyo yahungabanyije ku mikorere ye ndetse no ku mushahara we. Hashingiwe rero

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ku nyandiko z’abahanga mu by’amategeko uwitwa Yvonne Lambert Faivre, mu gitabo yise Droit du dommage corporel, Systeme d’indemnisation, 3 éd., Dalloz, 1996, kuri paje 182, avuga ibi bikurikira: après la consolidation, si le blessé reprend ses activités sans diminution de revenus, il n’y a aucun préjudice professionnel futur…. Naho kuri paji 185 ho akavuga ibi bikurikira:’’ On sait que le principe indemnitaire impose une indemnisation totale de la victime, mais sans enrichissement’’. Kuri paji ya 193, uyu muhanga nanone yavuze ibi bikurikira:’’ pertes subies et gains manqués constituent des préjudices économiques dont la compensation en argent s’effectue dans le cadre classique du droit patrimonial: l’argent reçu en indemnité remplace dans le patrimoine de la victime l’argent dépense ou non perçues du fait de l’accident et l’action en réparation est elle-même sans conteste patrimoniale’’. [9] RADIANT INSURANCE COMPANY Ltd ivuga ikomeza isobanura ko kugira ngo Rwakana Ribakare OSEE ahabwe indishyi z’ibangamirwa ry’ubukungu ari uko haba habayeho kubangamirwa mu bukungu naho ubundi aramutse agenewe izo ndishyi mbangamirabukungu haba habayeho enrichissement sans cause Nk uko rero bikubiye mu gika cya 7 cy urubanza rujuririrwa Urukiko rwisumbuye mu guca urubanza rwemeje ko Rwakana Ribakare OSEE agomba kugenerwa indishyi rushingiye ku ngingo ya 18 Arr té Présidentiel nyamara ȇ rwirengagiza ko iryo teka rishyirwaho n’itegeko N º41/2001 ryo ku wa 19/09/2001 ryerekeye imyishyurire y'abangirijwe n'impanuka zitewe n'ibinyabiziga bigenzwa na moteri kandi iryo tegeko mu ngingo yaryo ya 5 iteganya ko kugira ngo uwakoze impanuka ikamusigira ubumuga buhoraho agenerwe indishyi mbangamirabukungu agomba kubanza kugaragaza ko iyo mpanuka yahungabanije inyungu yavanaga mu kazi ke iyo ngingo ikaba igira iti: “Iyo impanuka yateye uwangirijwe ubumuga bumubuza gukora akazi burundu, agomba guhabwa amafaranga y'indishyi kubera ubusembwa ku mubiri, guhungabana mu bwenge bwe cyangwa kubera ingaruka bifite ku nyungu yavanaga ku mwuga we atagishoboye gukora kubera ubumuga. Indishyi zigenwa hakurikijwe iteka rya Perezida wa Repubulika” Mu gifaransa iyo ngingo y’itegeko iragira iti: "lorsque le dommage a causé une incapacité permanente, la victime a droit à une indemnité destinée à compenser l’incapacité physique et psychique qu’elle a subie et les conséquences défavorables de l’incapacité sur ses gains professionnels’’. [10] RADIANT INSURANCE COMPANY Ltd ivuga ko haseguriwe ibiteganywa mu ngingo yavuzwe haruguru ndetse no ku nyandiko z’abahanga zavuzwe RADIANT isanga urukiko Rwisumbuye rwarumvise ibintu uko bitari kandi nk’uko yabisobanuye hejuru kugira ngo umuntu ahabwe indishyi ari uko agaragaza ko hari icyo yangirijwe maze indishyi zikajya mu kimbo cy’icyo yangirijwe. Bikaba bitumvikana rero ukuntu Rwakana Ribakare OSEE utarigeze ahagararika akazi yahabwa indishyi mbangamirabukungu kandi atarigeze abangamirwa mu bijyanye n’akazi ke agihembwa nk’uko yahembwaga. RADIANT yumva kuba Rwakana Ribakare OSEE yaragenewe aya mafaranga bigaragaza ko habayeho ukwikungahaza nta mpamvu bityo ko ariyo mpamvu Radiant isaba urukiko Rukuru ko izo ndishyi mbangamirabukungu yagenewe zakurwaho; [11] Rwakana Ribakare Osée yiregura ko asanga iyi ngingo y'ubujurire itahabwa ishingiro kuko ibyo bavuga ko Rwakana Ribakare Osée atahabwa indishyi mbangamirabukungu zibariwe ku mushahara we ataribyo kuko ibyo bakora byose ari ukugira ngo batinze ubutabera kuko kuwa 5/10/2020 bakoze umuhango w'ubwumvikane kandi bari babariye ku mushaharawe, no kugeza uyu munsi bakaba bagikomeza kwishyura indishyi babariye ku mushahara, ndetse wareba Ingingo ya 18AP igaragaza neza uko indishyi zibarwa ku muntu wasigaranye ubumuga buri

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hejuru ya 30%. Rwakana Ribakare Osée akaba abiheraho asaba urukiko kubitesha agaciro ahubwo rukamugenera indishyi mbangamirabukungu bagendeye ku mushahara we yakoreraga. Rwakana Ribakare Osée arasanga ibyo Radiant ivuga ko ubukungu bwa Rwakana butahungabanye ari ugushinyagura kuko atarakora impanuka nta bumuga yari afite ariko uyu munsi afite ubumuga butuma atakibasha kugenda neza n'amaguru ye ajya ku kazi n’ahandi hantu hose ashaka kujya ahubwo uko agiye ku kazi atega moto ndetse imbaraga yakoreshaga zaragabanutse; UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [12] Ababuranyi bemeranya ko Rwakana Ribakare Osée yagize ubumuga bungana na 39 % icyo batumvikana kikaba ari uko hashingirwa ku ngingo ya 18 y’Iteka rya Perezida no 31/01 ryo kuwa 25/08/2003 rishyiraho uburyo bwo kwishyura indishyi ku bubabare bw'umubiri buturutse ku mpanuka zitewe n’ibinyabiziga iteganya ko iyo ari ubumuga buhoraho burengeje 30%, indishyi y'ibangamirabukungu ikorwa hakurikijwe ko iyo uwahohotewe akora umurimo ahemberwa, ahabwa amafaranga abarwa hakurikijwe igihembo umuntu atahana, urwego rw'ubumuga n'imyaka ye. (...) noneho Rwakana Ribakare Osée akaba yahabwa indishyi mbangamirabukungu zibazwe hagendewe ku mushahara yakoreraga n’igihe yari asigaye ngo ajye mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru. RADIANT insurance Co Plc ivuga ko kugenera Rwakana Ribakare Osée izi ndishyi kandi yarakomeje gukora akazi ke akanahembwa nk’uko bisanzwe byaba ari ukumukungahaza atabikwiye, Rwakana Ribakare Osée avuga ko izi ndishyi agomba kuzihabwa hatitawe ko yakomeje gukora akazi ke akaba yarakomeje guhembwa kuko itegeko rigena izi ndishyi ntaho ryabibujije; [13] Urukiko rushingiye ku ingingo ya 4 y’Itegeko No 41/2001 ryo kuwa 19/09/2001 ryerekeye imyishyurire y’abangirijwe n’impanuka zitewe n’ibinyabiziga bigenzwa na moteri kandi bigenda ku butaka aho iyo ngingo mu gika cya mbere iteganya ko iyo impanuka yatumye uwangirijwe agira ubumuga bumutesha akazi ku buryo budahoraho bikamutesha gufata umushahara we wose cyangwa igice cyawo, igihombo cy’akazi cyangwa inyungu zituruka ku mwuga, afite uburenganzira bwo guhabwa amafaranga y’indishyi ijya mu kigwi cyabyo, abarwa guhera ku munsi wa kane uhereye igihe yahagarikiye akazi kugeza kw’italiki yagaruriye ubushobozi bwo kugasubiraho. Ibikubiye muri iyi ngingo iyo bihuje n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 5 y’iri tegeko iteganya ko indishyi zigenerwa uwangirijwe n’impanuka bikamubuza gukora akazi burundu kubera ingaruka bifite ku nyungu yavanaga ku mwuga we atagishoboye gukora kubera ubumuga. Urukiko rushingiye kuri izi ngingo rurasanga indishyi mbangamirabukungu ziba zigamije kuziba icyuho cy’inyungu cyangwa umushahara uwagonzwe n’ikinyabiziga aba yatakaje bitewe n’ubumuga aba yagize bwamubujije gukomeza gukora umurimo wari umutunze; [14] Urukiko rushingiye kandi ku nyandiko z’umuhanga Yvonne Lambert Faivre usobanura ko ‘’après la consolidation, si le blesse reprend ses activités sans diminution de revenus, il n’y a aucun préjudice professionnel futur1. On sait que le principe indemnitaire impose une 1YVONNE LAMBERT FAIVRE, Droit du dommage corporel, Systeme d’indemnisation, 3 éd., Dalloz, 1996, p. 182;

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indemnisation totale de la victime, mais sans enrichissement2’’. Urukiko rusanga bishimangira ko uwakoze impanuka atagomba gukungahazwa muru uku guhabwa izi ndishyi. Kuba Rwakana Ribakare Osée yarakomeje akazi ke akanakomeza guhembwa, urukiko rusanga atabona indishyi mbangamirabukungu kuko bene izi ndishyi zigenerwa uwatakaje akazi cyangwa ubundi buryo bwamutungaga bitewe n’impanuka. Bikaba bidakwiye ko Rwakana Ribakare Osée ihabwa izi ndishyi mbangamirabukungu ziza ziyongera ku mushahara yakomeje kubona. [15] Kuba ingingo ya 18 y’Iteka rya Perezida No 31/01 ryo kuwa 25/08/2003 rishyiraho uburyo bwo kwishyura indishyi ku bubabare bw'umubiri buturutse ku mpanuka zitewe n’ibinyabiziga ritarategenyije ku buryo bweruye ko nta ndishyi mbangamirabukungu zahabwa uwakoze impanuka wakomeje gukora akazi ke agahembwa, urukiko rusanga n’ubwo iri tegeko ritabibujije ritagomba gusomwa ryonyine ahubwo ryareberwa hamwe n’ingingo za 4, 5 na 6 zo mu itegeko No 41/2001 ryo kuwa 19/09/2001 ryerekeye imyishyurire y’abangirijwe n’impanuka zitewe n’ibinyabiziga bigenzwa na moteri kandi bigenda ku butaka zishimangira ko ntawugomba kwikungahaza mu ndishyi zituruka ku mpanuka. Indishyi mbangamirabukungu Rwakana Ribakare Osée yari yagenewe mu rubanza rujuririrwa zikaba zikuweho; B. Gusuma niba Urukiko rwagennye indishyi z’ibangamirwa ku burambe mu kazi kandi zitaragombaga kugenwa [16] RADIANT INSURANCE COMPANY LTD yajuriye ivuga ko Rwakana Ribakare OSEE yasabye indishyi z’ibangamirwa ku burambe mu kazi izo ndishyi zitagomba kugenwa kubera ko nta préjudice professionnel et de carrière uyu Rwakana Ribakare OSEE yagize kuko ntiyahagaritse akazi ndetse n’umushahara we ntiwagabanyutse bivuze rero ko mu gihe nta bangamirwa ryabayeho nta n’indishyi zatangwa. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rukaba rwaremeje ko izo ndishyi zitangwa ntacyo rushingiyeho. RADIANT INSURANCE COMPANY LTD ikomeza isobanura ko ikindi kitumvikana ari uburyo urukiko rwavuze ko n’ubwo Rwakana yaba akora, ngo agomba kugenerwa izo ndishyi. Radiant ikaba isanga urukiko rwaragendeye ku marangamutima rwemeza gutanga indishyi nyamara nta burambe mu kazi bwabangamiwe na cyane ko akazi ke katigeze gahagarara ngo agire uburambe atakaza bwagira ingaruka haba mu kuzamurwa mu ntera haba no ku mushahara we. Radiant irasaba urukiko Rukuru gukosora ikosa ryakozwe rukemeza ko izo ndishyi zitagomba gutangwa. [17] Rwakana Ribakare Osee asobanura ko asanga iyi ngingo y'ubujurire ya Radiant itahabwa ishingiro kuko izi ndishyi zibarwa hagendewe ku Iteka rya Perezida ku Ingingo ya 19 aho bagaragaza ugomba guhabwa indishyi mbangamiraburambe kukazi. Rwakana akaba asanga gomba kuzihabwa kuko mbere y'impanuka yari afite akazi akora neza ariko impanuka yamwangije ndetse imbaraga ze ziragabanuka ndetse ingaruka z'impanuka zizamukirikira ubuzima bwe bwose; UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA 2Op. cit p. 185

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[18] Kuba Rwakana Ribakare OSEE yarakomeje gukora akazi ke kandi agakomeza kubona umushahara we mu kazi yakoraga mbere y’uko akora impanuka, nk’uko byasobanuwe mu mpamvu y’ubujurire igendanye n’indishyi z’ibangamirabukungu, urukiko rurasanga n’izi ndishyi z’ibangamirwa ry’uburambe mu kazi atagomba kuzihabwa kuko impanuka itamutesheje akazi ngo agahagarike ndetse n’umushahara we ukaba utaragabanutse bivuze rero ko mu gihe nta bangamirwa ryabayeho nta n’indishyi zatangwa.

C. Gusuma niba Urukiko rwagennye amafaranga menshi arebana no kwivuza kandi atariyo yakoreshejwe. [19] RADIANT INSURANCE COMPANY LTD yajuriye ivuga ko mu gika cya 20 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa urukiko rwanzuye ko Rwakana Ribakare OSEE agomba gusubizwa amafaranga yatangiye ibimenyetso: yerekanye factures za Faycal zingana n’amafaranga miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi mirongo inani n’icyenda na Magana arindwi na mirongo itandatu (1,089,760frw) Aha urukiko rwahugiye ku kureba gusa Factures zatanzwe na Rwakana Ribakare OSEE ariko ntirwaziteranya ngo rugenzure ko koko factures zatanzwe zingana n’ayo mafaranga na cyane ko ugenzuye uko zashyizwe muri systeme zigenda zisubiramo bituma zigira igiteranyo kinini. Aha urukiko rukaba rwarirengagije ibisobanuro bya RADIANT yagaragaje ko Rwakana atagenerwa amafaranga yo kwivuza yose uko yayasabye ahubwo ko yagenerwa ahwanye n’ibimenyetso RADIANT yabashije gushyikirizwa ikanayateranya. RADIANT ikaba isaba ko Rwakana Ribakare OSEE yagaragaza uko igiteranyo cy’amafaranga yakigezeho mu buryo bw’imbonerahamwe. RADIANT rero ikaba isaba urukiko ko mu gihe Ribakare atabasha kugaragaza aho igiteranyo cy’amafaranga yaka yagenerwa yagaragajwe na RADIANT ariyo 472.263 frw. [20] Rwakana Ribakare Osée avuga ko asanga iyi ngingo y'ubujurire ya Radiant itahabwa ishingiro kuko ibyo Radiant insurance ivuga ataribyo kuko mu rukiko Rwisumbuye nta kosa bakoze kuko bategetse Radiant gusubiza amafaranga Rwakana ayo yakoresheje mu kwivuza kandi Factures yashyikirije urukiko zigaragaza amafaranga yakoresheje. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [21] Urukiko rusanga ingingo ya 13 y’iteka rya perezida N° 31/01 ryo kuwa 25/08/2003 ryavuzwe hejuru ivuga ko “amafaranga yo kwivuza, yo gushyirwa mu bitaro, yo kugura imiti, yo gutwarwa mu modoka itwara abarwayi, yo kongera kumenyereza umubiri, yo kugorora ingingo, y'ibyuma bikoreshwa, y'insimburangingo n'ay'ingendo zo kujya kwivuza arihwa n'uwateje impanuka cyangwa umwishingizi we, hakurikijwe ibiciro biriho mu Rwanda. Agomba kwishyurwa n'abo bombi, bamaze kubona inzandiko zibihamya, mu kwezi kw'iyakirwa ry'izo nyandiko”. Urukiko rurasanga Rwakana Ribakare Osée agomba gusubizwa amafaranga yatangiye ibimenyetso akurikira: yerekanye factures za Faycal zingana n’amafaranga miliyoni

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imwe n’ibihumbi mirongo inani n’icyenda na Magana arindwi na mirongo itandatu (1.089,760frw) nk’uko urukiko rubanza rwayemeje. Ku byo RADIANT INSURANCE ivuga ko Rwakana Ribakare Osée atakoze imbonerahamwe ibigaragaza neza urukiko rurasanga nta shingiro bifite; D. Gusuzuma niba urukiko rwaragennye amafaranga menshi y’ingendo kandi ataratangiwe ibimenyetso bihamya. [22] RADIANT INSURANCE COMPANY LTD yajuriye ivuga ko mu gika cya 20 cy’ urubanza rujuririrwa urukiko rwanzuye ko Rwakana Ribakare Osée agenerwa amafaranga yakoresheje mu ngendo yayatangiye factures uko ari 515,700frw nyamara rwirengagiza ibisobanuro bya RADIANT yasabaga ko hagenwa amafaranga yatangiwe ibimenyetso bihamye nkuko ingingo ya 13AP ibiteganya. Nk’uko rero RADIANT yabisabaga iyo usuzumye factures z’ingendo zatanzwe na Rwakana Ribakare OSEE usanga zaranditswe n’intoki, mu gihe nta taxi voiture itanga bene izo factures kuko zitanga izisohorwa na mubazi, zikaba kandi ziratanzwe n’umuntu umwe harimo n’izitagira aho zihurira no kujya kwivuza, zirimo n’izi ndege cyangwa se ubukode budasobanutse ugereranije n’umushahara Ribakare ahembwa ku buryo zidafudutse; [23] RADIANT ishingiye uri izi mpamvu isabaga ko Ribakare yagenerwa amafaranga 200,000 y’ingendo hashyizwe mu gaciro. RADIANT irasaba urukiko rukuru kuzasuzuma izo factures rubaze impamvu zitigeze zishyikirizwa umwishingizi ubwo urega yashyikirizaga dosiye ye muri RADIANT kugirango izisuzume kandi bigaragara ko zisobanura ingendo zakozwe muri 2019, mu gihe nyamara ingingo ya 13 AP iteganya ko izo nyandiko (factures zigomba gushyikirizwa umwishingizi. RADIANT ivuga ko ari izashuguritswe nyuma yo gutanga ikirego mu rukiko mu rwego rwo gushakisha uko amafaranga y’ingendo yatumbagira nta mpamvu. Radiant ikaba isaba Urukiko Rukuru kuzasuzumana ubushishozi izo factures maze rukabona ko zidahamye ku bw’ ibyo rukagenera Rwakana Ribakare OSEE amafaranga 200,000 FRW y’ingendo. [24] Rwakana Ribakare Osée yiregura asaba urukiko kudaha ishingiro iyi ngingo kuko amafaranga yatanzwe y’ingendo yari akwiriye kuko Rwakana yakoreye impanuka muri Kigali atuye mu karere ka Rusizi yivuriza Mubitaro bya Roi Faisal ku buryo yageze naho atega indege n'umurwaza we, tukaba dusanga ibi Radiant ivuga nta shingiro bifite. Rwakana Ribakare Osée arasaba urukiko ko rwakwemeza ko amafaranga y’ingendo yagenewe muri TGI yagumaho. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [25] Urukiko rushingiye ku ngingo ya 13 y’iteka rya perezida n° 31/01 ryo kuwa 25/08/2003 ryavuzwe hejuru rurasanga amafaranga Rwakana Ribakare Osée yakoresheje mu ngendo agomba kuyahabwa uko yayasabye kuko yayatangiye factures uko ari ibihumbi Magana atanu na cumi na bitanu na Magana arindwi (515,700frw), kimwe n’amafaranga yaguze ibyangombwa byo ku murenge, 2500 Amafaranga yaguze dosiye ya police:10,000frw yose agomba kuyahabwa uko ari

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miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi Magana atandatu na cumi na birindwi magana cyenda na mirongo itandatu (1 617 960frw). [26] Ibyo RADIANT INSURANCE ivuga ko Rwakana Ribakare Osée yatanze fagitire zitari zo kuko zitasohowe na mubazi (computer) urukiko rurasanga byaba ari ukwigiza nkana kuko ahantu hose ntabwo haba abashoferi bafite IBM ku buryo byafatwa ko Rwakana Ribakare Osée atari kuzajya ajya kwivuza mu gihe nta modoka ifite mubazi yabonye. Mu bushishozi bw’urukiko rurasanga amafaranga y’ingendo Rwakana Ribakare Osée yagenewe nta kurengerwa kwabayeho hakurikijwe ko yari yaramugaye kandi yarasabwaga kuza kwivuza i Kigali avuye mu Karere ka Rusizi. Ibyo RADIANT INSURANCE ivuga ko Rwakana Ribakare Osée yaba yarateze n’indege aje kwivuza i Kigali, urukiko rurasanga ntacyo RADIANT ishingiraho igaragaza ko bibujijwe ahubwo ari ukwanga kwishyura gusa. E. IBIJYANYE N’INDISHYI Z’IKURIKIRANARUBANZA [27] Rwakana Ribakare Osée yatanze ikirego cy’ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi asaba ko urukiko rwamugenera amafaranga 1.000.000frw y'igihembo cy'avoka kurwego rw'ubujurire n'amafaranga 200.000 frw y'ikurikiranarubanza kuko imusiragiza. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [28] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko no 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikiye ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. » al ya 2 yiyi ngingo ivuga ko ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe. Urukiko rushingiye ku kuba RADIANT INSURANCE COMPANY Ltd hari ibyo yajuririye isaba ko bikurwaho kandi bikaba byari bifite ishingiro, urukiko rurasanga nta ndishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’avoka ikwiriye gucibwa ku rwego rw’ubujurire. Ikaba yarajuriye mu rwego rwo gusaba kurenganurwa. Kuba hari ibyo RADIANT yatsindiye ku rwego rw’ubujurire, urukiko rurasanga bitayihesha uburenganzira bwo kugenerwa indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’avoka kuko ari yo yatumye urubanza rubaho kuva mu ntangiriro. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO Urukiko Rukuru, [29] Rwemeye kwakira ubujurire bwa RADIANT INSURANCE COMPANY Ltd rubusuzumye rusanga bufite shingiro kuri bimwe;

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[30] Rwemeje ko nta indishyi mbangamirabukungu n’indishyi mbangamiraburambe Rwakana Ribakare Osée yarakwiriye kugenerwa; [31] Rwemeje ko urubanza RC 00994/2020/TGI/NYGE kuwa 01/04/2022 n’urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge ruhindutse kuri bimwe; [32] Rutegetse RADIANT INSURANCE COMPANY Ltd kwishyura Rwakana Ribakare Osée amafaranga 432.000frw y’indishyi z’ibangamira buranga, amafaranga 432.000 y’indishyi z’akababaro, 1.617.960frw y’ibyakoreshejwe kubera impanuka na 500.000frw y’igihembo cy’avoka ku rwego rwa mbere yose hamwe akaba miliyoni ebyiri n’ibihumbi magana icyenda na mirongo inani na kimwe na magana icyenda na mirongo itandatu (2.981.960). [33] Rwemeje ko ingwate y’amagarama yatanzwe na RADIANT INSURANCE COMPANY Ltd iri kujurira ihwanye n’byakozwe muri uru rubanza.