RWANDA SOCIAL SECURITY BOARD vs. BISANGWA N’UNDI

# RWANDA SOCIAL SECURITY BOARD vs. BISANGWA N’UNDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2023-11-24 - Case/document no.: RS/INJUST/RSOC 00010/2022/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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RWANDA SOCIAL SECURITY BOARD vs. BISANGWA N’UNDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RS/INJUST/RSOC 00010/2022/CA– (Munyangeri, P.J., Ngagi na Kamere, J.) 24 Ugushyingo 2023] Amategeko agenga imanza z’umurimo – Umukozi wa Leta – Iyirukanwa ry’umukozi wa Leta – Itakamba ry’umukozi wa Leta ku cyemezo cyimwirukana mu kazi – Kuregera Urukiko – Ikirego gitangwa n’umukozi wa Leta ntikiba kigamije gusa kwemeza ko asubizwa mu kazi, ahubwo kiba kigamije ko urukiko rusuzuma ishingiro ryo kudaha agaciro itakamba rye ku cyemezo yafatiwe. Incamake y’ikibazo: Bisangwa yareze RSSB mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge mu buryo bw’inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe ashingiye ku ngingo ya 178 y’Itegeko No22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza mbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi kubera ko yamwirukanye mu kazi kubera amakosa akomeye nyuma y’uko ajuririye icyo cyemezo kimwirukana ariko ntibigire icyo bitanga. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwasuzumye ikibazo rutahamagaje abarebwa n’iki kibazo aribo RSSB na Komisiyo ishinzwe abakozi ba Leta, maze rwemeza ko ikirego cy’Urega, gisaba gusubizwa uburenganzira bwe, gifite ishingiro. Ibi byatumye RSSB itambamira icyo cyemezo maze itanga ikirego muri urwo Rukiko ivuga ko ikibazo cy’Urega kirimo impaka nawe yagombye kuba yarahamagajwe. Urukiko rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko iki kirego cyo gutambama nta shingiro gifite maze rugumishaho icyemezo cy’urubanza rwabanje mu ngingo zarwo zose. RSSB yajuririye iki cyemezo mu Rukiko Rukuru ivuga ko ikirego cyatanzwe n’Urega nk’inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe kinyuranye n’amategeko no kuba indishyi zo gushorwa mu rubanza n’ikurikiranarubanza zakurwaho. Nyuma yo gusuzuma iki kirego, Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko nta shingiro gifite ko hagumyeho icyemezo cy’Urukiko Rwisumbuye. Ibi byatumye RSSB isaba ko icyo cyemezo gisubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane maze kiburanishwa n’uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire. Muri uru rubanza, RSSB ivuga ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwakagombye kuba rwarashingiye ku ngingo ya 70 y’Itegeko rishyiraho sitati igenga abakozi ba Leta muri rusange kuko ari yo yagombaga gukoreshwa mu buryo bwihariye kandi bwuzuye ku birebana no gutakamba no kujuririra icyemezo cy’ubutegetsi cyirukana Bisangwa, wari umukozi wayo, akaza kwirukanwa kubera amakosa akomeye yakoze mu kazi. Ikomeza ivuga ko urukiko rwirengagije amategeko bitewe n’uko umukozi wa Leta utishimiye igisubizo yahawe ku gutakamba kwe, ku muyobozi wafashe icyemezo, itegeko rimutegeka kujuririra icyo cyemezo mu buryo buteganywa n’iyi ngingo ya 70, aho gushingira ku ngingo y’178 y’Itegeko No22/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru. Komisiyo y’Igihugu ishinzwe abakozi ba Leta yagobokeshejwe muri uru rubanza, ivuga ko kuba itarasubije ku gihe Urega atari yo sura isanganywe mu bibazo nk’ibi, ahubwo ko byatewe n’icyorezo cya COVID-19. Bityo, ikaba isaba ko amategeko yubahirizwa nk’uko byasobanuwe na RSSB, hagakurikizwa ibiteganywa n’Itegeko rishyiraho sitati rusange igenga abakozi ba Leta, aho gukurikikiza ingingo ya 178 yavuzwe haruguru. Bisangwa avuga ko yirukaniwe ikosa ryari mu buzime kandi ritabayeho, ko banamureze muri police bagatsindwa ndetse akaba yararyirukaniwe ataryisobanuyeho. Bityo, akaba asaba ko muri uru rubanza yahabwa uburenganzira bwo kuriburanaho kuko nta yindi nzira agifite yo gutanga ikirego kijyanye n’uburyo yirukanwe. Ku kibazo kijyanye no kumenya niba urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rutarashobora kurangizwa, RSSB ivuga ko urwo rubanza rutashobora kurangizwa bitewe n’uko umwanya

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w’umurimo Bisangwa yakoragaho wamaze kuwusimburwamo n’undi mukozi kandi ikaba yari iri mu rugendo rwa “réforme (restructuring)”, bityo ikaba itabona aho imushyira. Bisangwa avuga ko ibyo RSSB ivuga atari ukuri kuko nta gushaka no gushyira mu myanya abakozi byabayeho ndetse n’ibyo bya “restructuring” ntabyabayeho bityo, akaba asaba kurenganurwa akagarurwa maze hagafatwa icyemezo kitabangamira ubwisanzure bwe n’uburenganzira bwe, kandi ko Urukiko ruramutse rusanze kurangiza urwo rubanza rusubirishwamo mu buryo bwo kumusubiza mu kazi bidashoboka, rwategeka akagenerwa ingurane. Incamake y’icyemezo: Ikirego gitangwa n’umukozi wa Leta ntikiba kigamije gusa kwemeza ko asubizwa mu kazi, ahubwo kiba kigamije ko urukiko rusuzuma ishingiro ryo kudaha agaciro itakamba rye ku cyemezo yafatiwe. Bityo, ikirego cya Bisangwa Jean de Dieu nticyagombaga kwakirwa kuko cyatanzwe mu buryo bw’inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe, kikaba kitari gikurikije amategeko. Ikirego gisaba gusubirishamo urubanza ku mpamvu z’akarengane, gifite ishingiro. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko No 017/2020 ryo ku wa 07/10/2020 rishyiraho sitati rusange igenga abakozi ba Leta, ingingo ya 70 n’iya 72. Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza mbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 111, 178 n’iya 189. Iteka rya Perezida N° 65/01 ryo ku wa 04/03/2014 rigena uburyo bwo gutanga ibihano ku bakozi ba Leta, ingingo ya 34. Imanza zifashishijwe: RS/INJUST/RAD 00004/2022, Kanyarukato Augustin n’Akarere ka Musanze rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 03/02/2023. RADA 00061/2020/HC/KIG, Sindayiheba Philippe rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru kuwa 04/06/2020. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Bisangwa Jean de Dieu yari umukozi wa RSSB aza kwirukanwa ku wa 17/05/2021 kubera amakosa akomeye yakoze mu kazi. Amaze kubona ibaruwa imwirukana mu kazi, ku wa 19/07/2021, yajuririye icyo cyemezo ku Muyobozi Mukuru wa RSSB ari nawe wagifashe. Ku wa 29/07/2021, RSSB yasubije ibaruwa y’ubujurire bwa Bisangwa Jean de Dieu imubwira ko nta shingiro bufite. Ashingiye ku ngingo ya 70 y’Itegeko No 017/2020 ryo ku wa 07/10/2020 rishyiraho sitati rusange igenga abakozi ba Leta, ku wa 05/08/2021, Bisangwa Jean de Dieu yajuririye Komisiyo ishinzwe abakozi ba Leta ariko ntiyamusubiza. Nyuma yaho, Bisangwa yaregeye Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge mu buryo bw’inyandikonsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe, ashingiye ku ngingo ya 178 kuva ku gika cya 3 kugera ku gika cya 5 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza mbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko umuyobozi utakambiwe agomba gusubiza ubwo butakambe mu gihe cy’ukwezi kumwe (1) kubarwa uhereye umunsi yabuboneyeho. Iyo adasubije, ubutakambe bufatwa nk’aho bufite ishingiro. Mu gihe uwatakambye atishimiye igisubizo yahawe, afite igihe cy’amezi atandatu (6) cyo kuregera urukiko gitangira kubarwa kuva ku munsi yaboneyeho igisubizo. Iyo nta gisubizo yahawe kandi atasubijwe uburenganzira bwe, ashobora gusaba urukiko ruburanisha imanza z’ubutegetsi

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gutegeka ko uburenganzira bwe bwubahirizwa. Icyo kirego gitangwa mu gihe kitarenze ukwezi kumwe (1) mu buryo bw’inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe. [2] Urukiko rwasuzumye ikirego rutiriwe rutumiza izindi mpande zirebwa n’ikibazo, ari zo RSSB na Komisiyo ishinzwe abakozi ba Leta, maze mu rubanza RAD 00180/2021/TGI/NYGE cyo ku wa 15/12/2021, rufata icyemezo ruha ishingiro ikirego cya Bisangwa Jean de Dieu cyasabaga gusubizwa uburenganzira rugakuraho icyemezo kimwirukana ku kazi. [3] Ku wa 24/12/2021, RSSB yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge cyo gutambamira urubanza RAD 00180/2021/TGI/NYGE, ivuga ko RSSB yagombye kuba Jean de Dieu yarahamagajwe ikaza mu rubanza kuko ikibazo Urukiko rwashyikirijwe na Bisangwa cyarimo impaka. Ikirego cyanditswe kuri RAD 00189/2021/TGI/NYGE kandi mu rubanza hagobokeshwa Komisiyo ishinzwe abakozi ba Leta. [4] Ku wa 29/07/2022, Urukiko rwaciye urubanza RAD 00189/2021/TGI/NYGE, rwemeza ko ikirego cya RSSB cyo gutambamira urubanza RAD 00180/2021/TGI/NYGE nta shingiro gifite, rutegeka ko icyemezo cyafashwe mu rubanza RAD 00180/2021/TGI/NYGE ku wa 15/12/2021 kigumaho mu ngingo zacyo zose, rutegeka RSSB guha Bisangwa Jean de Dieu 500.000 Frw akubiyemo indishyi zo gushorwa mu manza no gukurikirana urubanza. [5] RSSB yajuririye iki cyemezo mu Rukiko Rukuru muri rusange ivuga ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwaciye urubanza rushingiye gusa ku kuba Bisangwa Jean de Dieu atarasubijwe na Komisiyo y’abakozi ba Leta, kuba ikirego Bisangwa Jean de Dieu yatanze nk’inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe kinyuranye n’amategeko no kuba indishyi zo gushorwa mu rubanza n’ikurikiranarubanza zakurwaho. Ubujurire bwanditswe kuri RADA 00048/2022/HC/KIG. [6] Ku wa 30/11/2022, Urukiko Rukuru rwaciye urubanza RADA 00048/2022/HC/KIG, rwemeza ko ikirego cyatanzwe na RSSB kidafite ishingiro, ko hagumaho imikirize y’urubanza RAD 00189/2021/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe ku wa 29/07/2022 n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge. Rwategetse RSSB kubahiriza ibyo yategetswe mu kirego cyihutirwa mu rubanza RAD 00189/2021/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe ku wa 29/07/2022 n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge. [7] RSSB yasabye ko urubanza RADA 00048/2022/HC/KIG rusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, maze mu cyemezo nimero 060/CJ/2023 cyo ku wa 09/05/2023 Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga yemeza ko urwo rubanza rwoherezwa mu Bwanditsi bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kugira ngo ruzongere ruburanishwe, ikirego cyandikwa kuri RS/INJUST/RAD 00003/2023/CA. Urubanza rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame, ku wa 09/10/2023, RSSB ihagarariwe na Me Sekabuke Jean Paul, Bisangwa Jean de Dieu yunganiwe na Me Nshimiyimana Patrice naho Komisiyo Ishinzwe Abakozi ba Leta ihagarariwe na Me Habumuremyi Prosper. Isomwa ry’urubanza ryashizwe ku wa 27/10/2023, ariko uwo munsi ntiryaba, ryimurirwa ku wa 31/10/2023. [8] Mu myanzuro no mu miburanire ya RSSB ivuga ko akarengane yatewe n’urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru kagaragarira mu kuba: a. Bisangwa Jean de Dieu yaratanze ikirego ashingiye ku ngingo ya 178 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, cyane cyane igika cya 3 n’icya 5 maze Urukiko rukabyemera bitari bikwiye; b. gutakamba no kujuririra icyemezo cy’ubuyobozi cyafatiwe umukozi wa Leta ugengwa na sitati rusange igenga abakozi ba Leta bikurikiza ingingo ya 70 y’Itegeko No 017/2020 ryo ku wa 07/10/2020 rishyiraho sitati rusange igenga abakozi ba Leta, kuko iyo sitati ari yo iteganya

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mu buryo bwihariye uburyo umukozi wa Leta atakambira kandi akajuririra icyemezo cy’ubuyobozi yafatiwe, ngo nk’uko ihame mu mategeko ribiteganya. [9] Uhagarariye Komisiyo y’Igihugu Ishinzwe Abakozi ba Leta, asaba Urukiko rw'Ubujurire gusuzuma ibijyanye na procedure yasobanuye mu Rukiko Rukuru ariko ntirubivugeho mu cyemezo cyarwo. Avuga ko ingingo ya 70 y’Itegeko No 017/2020 ryo ku wa 07/10/2020 rishyiraho sitati rusange igenga abakozi ba Leta ahavugwa urwego rujuririrwa ubwa kabiri isobanura uko bigenda iyo umuyobozi wajuririwe ku rwego rwa mbere adasubije, ariko ko itigaragaza uko bigenda iyo urwego rwajuririwe ku rwego rwa kabiri rudasubije, kandi ibyo bidasobanura ko ingingo ya 178 y'Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi ari byo bikurikizwa kuko ibiyivugwamo birebana n'undi muyobozi ukuriye mu kazi uwafashe icyemezo gisabirwa kuvaho, aho iyo ngingo ikoresha amagambo umuyobozi ufite ububasha bwisumbuye ku wafashe icyemezo kinengwa. Avuga ko Komisiyo y’Igihugu Ishinzwe Abakozi ba Leta, atari we Muyobozi ufite ububasha bwisumbuye ku Muyobozi Mukuru wa RSSB, ko Umuyobozi Mukuru rwa RSSB akuriwe n'Inama y'Ubuyobozi ya RSSB (Board of Directors) ari na yo ijuririrwa. [10] Bisangwa Jean de Dieu we muri rusange avuga ko ibivugwa n’uhagarariye RSSB ko Urukiko rwari gushingira ku ngingo ya 70 y’Itegeko rishyiraho sitati rusange y’abakozi ba Leta kandi idasobanura icyirengagijwe muri iyi ngingo, nta shingiro bifite, kuko Urukiko rwaciye urubanza rushingiye ku kureba niba Komisiyo Ishinzwe Abakozi ba Leta yarubahirije igihe cy’iminsi 30 yo gusubiza giteganywa n’iri Tegeko. [11] Urukiko, rushingiye kuri izo mpaka, rusanga hakwiye gusuzumwa ibibazo bikurikira: a. gusuzuma niba mu kwemeza ko icyemezo cyirukana ku kazi Bisangwa Jean de Dieu cy’Umuyobozi Mukuru wa RSSB gikurwaho bikorewe mu kirego cyatanzwe mu buryo bw’inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe hari amategeko Urukiko Rukuru rwishe; b. kumenya niba urubanza RADA 00048/2022/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 30/11/2022 rutashobora kurangizwa; c. gusuzuma ishingiro ry’amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ikurikiranarubanza asabwa na Bisangwa Jean de Dieu. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA 1. Gusuzuma niba mu kwemeza ko icyemezo cyirukana ku kazi Bisangwa Jean de Dieu cy’Umuyobozi Mukuru wa RSSB gikurwaho bikorewe mu kirego cyatanzwe mu buryo bw’inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe hari amategeko Urukiko Rukuru rwishe [12] Uhagarariye RSSB avuga ko gutakamba no kujuririra icyemezo cy’ubuyobozi cyafatiwe umukozi wa Leta ugengwa na sitati rusange igenga abakozi ba Leta bikurikiza ingingo ya 70 y’Itegeko No 017/2020 ryo ku wa 07/10/2020 rishyiraho sitati rusange igenga abakozi ba Leta, ko iryo ari itegeko ryihariye rigenga abakozi ba Leta, rikaba ari naryo rigomba gukoreshwa cyane cyane ku birebana n’uburyo bikorwa. Avuga ko iyo ngingo ari yo yagombaga gukoreshwa mu buryo bwihariye kandi bwuzuye ku birebana no gutakamba no kujuririra icyemezo cy’ubutegetsi cyirukana Bwana Bisangwa Jean de Dieu, wari umukozi wa RSSB, akaza kwirukanwa kubera amakosa akomeye yakoze mu kazi. [13] Avuga ko nyuma yo kutishimira icyemezo cy’ubutegetsi yafatiwe Bisangwa Jean de Dieu yatakambiye umuyobozi mukuru wafashe icyemezo cyimwirukana, ndetse asubizwa n’Umuyobozi

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yatakambiye mu gihe giteganywa n’iriya ngingo ko gutakamba kwe nta shingiro gufite. Nibwo yajuririye Komisiyo ishinzwe abakozi ba Leta, nabyo nk’uko biteganywa n’iriya ngingo ya 70 ariko itinda kumusubiza, imusubiza nyuma y’igihe giteganywa n’itegeko. Bisangwa Jean Dieu abonye ko Komisiyo Ishinzwe Abakozi idasubije ubujurire bwe mu gihe giteganywa n’itegeko, aho gutanga ikirego gisanzwe mu mizi nk’uko abyemererwa n’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, kuko yari yarubahirije neza imihango ibanziriza itangwa ry’ikirego cy’ubutegetsi, ahubwo ashingiye ku ngingo ya 178 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 rimaze kuvugwa, cyane cyane igika cya 3 n’icya 5 atanga ikirego cy’ inyandiko nsobanura kirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe, maze Urukiko narwo rushingiye kuri iriya ngingo ya 178 rwemeza ko icyemezo cy’umuyobozi mukuru wa RSSB kivanyweho. RSSB ikaba ibona ko iyo ngingo ya 178 Bisangwa Jean de Dieu yakoresheje ari inzira yabonye ko imworoheye ariko idakurikije amategeko, ndetse no kuba Urukiko rwarabyemeye bikaba bitari bikwiye. [14] Uhagarariye RSSB avuga ko asanga ibika bivuzwe haruguru by’ingingo ya 178 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru byarakoreshejwe mu buryo budakwiye, kuko habayeho kwirengagiza ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 70 ya sitati rusange igenga abakozi ba Leta, yavuzwe haruguru. RSSB ikaba ibibonamo kwirengagiza amategeko, bitewe n’uko umukozi wa Leta utishimiye igisubizo yahawe ku gutakamba kwe, ku muyobozi wafashe icyemezo, itegeko rimutegeka kujuririra icyo cyemezo mu buryo buteganywa n’ingingo ya 70 ya Sitati rusange igenga abakozi ba Leta. Avuga ko kuba iyo ngingo ya 70 ntaho iteganya ko iyo umukozi atasubijwe, ibyo yasabye bifatwa nk’aho byemewe nk’uko ingingo ya 178 yavuzwe ibiteganya ku bandi bantu batakambira kandi bakajuririra ibyemezo by’ubutegetsi, bo batashyiriweho uburyo bwabo bwihariye bwo gutakamba no kujurira, RSSB isanga bitari byo ko Urukiko rwari gukoresha ibiteganywa n’igika cya 3 n’icya 5 by’ingingo ya 178 y’Itegeko ryavuzwe. Bityo rero ngo nk’uko ihame mu mategeko rya “Le spécial déroge au general” ribiteganya, ntabwo ingingo ya 178, igika cya 3 n’icya 5 by’Itegeko ryavuzwe byari gukoreshwa mu gihe itegeko ryihariye ryateganyije uburyo bwo gutakamba no kujurira bikorwamo, ni ukuvuga gukurikiza ingingo ya 70 yavuzwe haruguru. [15] Me Sekabuke Jean Paul, uhagarariye RSSB, avuga ko akarengane abona mu rubanza, gashingiye ku kuba Urukiko Rukuru rwarashingiye ku gika cya 3 n’icya 5 cy’ingingo ya 178 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe, mu gihe ingingo ya 70 ya sitati rusange igenga abakozi ba Leta, ari yo yari gukurikizwa, ibi bikaba byaratumye mu guca urubanza rusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane RSSB yararyojwe ibitari mu nshingano zayo kandi yarabisobanuye bihagije ko Komisiyo ishinzwe abakozi ba Leta ari yo yatinze gusubiza Bisangwa Jean de Dieu ku mpamvu yasobanuye z’uko byatewe na COVID 19 ndetse n’ikibazo cy’abakozi bake, ariko Urukiko rukaba ntacyo rwigeze rubivugaho mu guca urubanza, ahubwo ngo rugaca urubanza nk’aho ari ikirego cyihutirwa cyaba gifite ikindi kirego cy’iremezo gishamikiyeho kandi kizaburanishwa nyuma. [16] Asobanura kandi ko kuba umukozi wa Leta yaratakambiye kandi akajuririra icyemezo cy’ubutegetsi nk’uko Bisangwa yabikoze akurikije ingingo ya 70 y’Itegeko rishyiraho sitati rusange igenga abakozi ba Leta, iyo adasubijwe ku gihe ku bujurire nk’uko byagenze kuri Bisangwa, RSSB isanga bitavuga ko icyo yasabye aba acyemerewe, kuko itegeko rimugenga ritabiteganyije uko, ahubwo RSSB ibona ko kudasubizwa ku bujurire bimuha uburenganzira bwo kuba yatanga ikirego cy’ubutegetsi mu mizi (fond) mu Rukiko rubifitiye ububasha, kugira ngo rusuzume ibyerekeranye no kumenya niba icyemezo yafatiwe gikurikije amategeko cyangwa se niba kinyuranyije nayo. [17] Uburanira RSSB asoza avuga ko ikibazo gisa n’iki cyasuzumwe mu rubanza RS/INJUST/RAD 00004/2022 rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 03/02/2023 ku kibazo cyari hagati ya Kanyarukato Augustin n’Akarere ka Musanze, aho uyu Kanyarukato Augustin wari

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umukozi w’Akarere ka Musanze na we yari yashingiye kuri iyo ngingo ya 178 mu gihe Komisiyo y’Abakozi itamusubije mu gihe giteganywa n’amategeko, agatanga ikirego nk’iki mu buryo bw’inyandiko nsobanuranukirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe asaba gusubizwa mu kazi nk’uburenganzira bwe, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze rukagiha ishingiro ariko Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rugikuyeho agana inzira yo gusubirishamo urubanza ku mpamvu z’akarengane, ariko Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rusanga nta karengane kabayeho. Asoza asaba ko urubanza RADA 00048/2022/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru i Kigali rwahindurwa mu ngingo zarwo zose, ku mpamvu z’akarengane karugaragaramo. [18] Mu kwiregura, Bisangwa Jean de Dieu n’umwunganira bavuga ko ibihe biteganywa n’ingingo 70 y’Itegeko rishyiraho sitati rusange igenga abakozi ba Leta byubahirijwe mbere yo gutanga ikirego, naho ingingo ya 178 yavuzwe haruguru ikaba ari yo igena imitangire y’ibirego by’ubutegetsi yakurikijwe. Bavuga ko basanga ntacyo Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rwirengagije cyane cyane ko rwanagaragaje ko rwashingiye ku rubanza RADA 0001/2020/HC/KIG rwa Sindayiheba Philippe rwatanze umurongo. [19] Bavuga ko Bisangwa Jean de Dieu yirukaniwe ikosa ryari mu buzime kandi ritabayeho, ko banamureze muri police bagatsindwa. Basanga ibyo Bisangwa yirukaniwe atarigeze abiburanishwaho ngo abyisobanureho, bityo ko muri uru rubanza yahabwa ubwo burenganzira bwo kubiburanaho kuko nta yindi nzira agifite yo gutanga ikirego kijyanye n’uburyo yirukanwe. Naho ku birebana n’uko uburanira RSSB avuga ko Komisiyo yagize imbogamizi zatumye ikerererwa gusubiza ku bujurire bwe, avuga ko babona uretse kubivuga gusa nta bimenyetso by’izo mbogamizi bigaragazwa cyane cyane ko muri raporo y’ibikorwa bya Komisiyo mu mwaka wa 2020 kuri page ya 96, izo mbogamizi ntazigaragaramo. [20] Bavuga kandi ko mu miburanishirize y’urubanza n’ubwo RSSB yagobokesheje Komisiyo y’Igihugu Ishinzwe Abakozi ba Leta, ntakigaragaza inyungu yari ifite muri uru rubanza, ahubwo ko basanga harabayeho akagambane hagati ya RSSB na Komisiyo kuko ngo nyuma y’icibwa ry’urubanza rwo mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge ari bwo Komisiyo yatanze ibisubizo bibiri bitandukanye. [21] Me Habumuremyi Prosper, uburanira Komisiyo Ishinzwe Abakozi ba Leta, avuga ko kuba Komisiyo itarasubije ku gihe atari yo sura isanganywe mu bibazo nk’ibi ko icyatumye yarasubije Bisangwa Jean de Dieu itinze yagisobanuye. Asaba ko amategeko yubahirizwa nk’uko byasobanuwe na RSSB, hagakurikizwa ibiteganywa n’Itegeko rishyiraho sitati rusange igenga abakozi ba Leta, aho gukurikikiza ingingo ya 178 yavuzwe haruguru kandi hagakurikizwa umurongo watanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza rwa Munyarukato Augustin n’Akarere ka Musanze ku birebana n’uburyo ibirego nk’icya Bisangwa Augustin bigomba gutangwamo. [22] Asaba ko mu gusuzuma iki kibazo, Urukiko rw'Ubujurire rwemeza ko Umuyobozi wajuririwe uvugwa mu ngingo ya 178 yibukijwe agomba kuba ari mu rwego (institution) rumwe n'uwafashe icyemezo kijuririrwa, ku buryo n'ibivugwa muri iyo ngingo, igika cya 3 n'icya 5 (kwemeza ko ubujurire bufite ishingiro no gusubiza umukozi uburenganzira bwe) biba bifitanye isano n'urwego rwatinze gusubiza, bityo rushobora no gushyira mu bikorwa ibyo rwategekwa n'Urukiko. Avuga ko kuba Urukiko rwarashingiye ku kuba Komisiyo ishinzwe abakozi ba Leta itarasubije rukumva ko RSSB yategekwa gusubiza umukozi mu kazi, rutashishoje ngo rubone ko n'ubwo umushingamategeko atasobanuye “ukuriye uwafashe icyemezo uvugwa mu ngingo ya 178, byumvikana ko agomba kuba ari umuntu ubarizwa mu rwego (institution) rumwe n'uwafashe icyemezo, kuburyo gushyira mu bikorwa icyategetswe n'urukiko biba bireba urwo rwego. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA

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[23] Urukiko rurasanga ikibazo kigibwaho impaka ari icyo kumenya niba RSSB igomba gusubiza Bisangwa Jean de Dieu mu kazi yari yarirukanwemo, nta zindi mpaka zibanje kubera mu rukiko ku mpamvu zatumye yirukanwa, ahubwo hashingiwe gusa ku kuba Komisiyo ishinzwe abakozi ba Leta itaramusubije cyangwa se ikamusubiza itinze nyuma y’igihe giteganywa n’amategeko, kuko ibi nibyo byasobanura impamvu umukozi yakwemererwa kuregera uburenganzira bwo gusubizwa mu kazi binyuze mu gutanga ikirego mu buryo bw’inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe1. [24] Mu kuregera Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge ikirego cy’inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe cyahawe RAD 00180/2021/TGI/NYGE, ashingiye ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 178, igika cya gatatu n’icya gatanu, y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryibukijwe haruguru, Bisangwa Jean de Dieu avuga ko nta kindi yabonaga Urukiko rugomba kwemeza uretse gusa kubona ko Komisiyo y’Abakozi ba Leta itamusubije ku bujurire bwe mu gihe giteganywa n’amategeko, bityo rukemeza ko asubizwa mu kazi. RSSB na Komisiyo ishinzwe abakozi ba Leta bo bavuga ko bashingiye ku murongo watanzwe ku kibazo nk’iki mu rubanza RS/INJUST/RAD 00004/2022/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 03/02/2023, haburana KANYARUKATO Augustin n’Akarere ka Musanze, Bisangwa Jean de Dieu yagombaga gutanga ikirego mu buryo busanzwe kigaragaza uregwa hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’Itegeko n° 017/2020 ryo ku wa 07/10/2020 rishyiraho sitati rusange igenga abakozi ba Leta, kuko iyo bimeze gutyo ikirego gitangwa n’umukozi kiba kitagamije gusa kwemeza ko asubizwa mu kazi, ahubwo ko kiba kigamije ko Urukiko rusuzuma ishingiro ryo kudaha agaciro itakamba ry’umukozi ku cyemezo yafatiwe. [25] Urukiko rurasanga ikibazo gisa n’iki kimaze kuvugwa haruguru ari cyo Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwasuzumye mu rubanza RS/INJUST/RAD 00004/2022/CS rwa Kanyarukato Augustin n’Akarere ka Musanze rwaciwe ku wa 03/02/2023. Muri urwo rubanza, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu gusesengura ikibazo cyo kumenya niba Akarere ka Musanze kagomba gusubiza Kanyarukato Augustin ku mwanya w’Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge kubera ko Komisiyo y’Abakozi ba Leta itasubije ubujurire bwe mu gihe giteganywa n’amategeko, rwasesenguye ingingo ya 72 y’Itegeko N° 017/2020 ryo ku wa 07/10/2020 rishyiraho sitati rusange igenga abakozi ba Leta ndetse n’ingingo ya 34 y’Iteka rya Perezida N° 65/01 ryo ku wa 04/03/2014 rigena uburyo bwo gutanga ibihano ku bakozi ba Leta zivuga ko umukozi wa Leta utanyuzwe n’icyemezo cy’umuyobozi yajuririye ku rwego rwa nyuma ashobora kuregera urukiko hakurikijwe amategeko abigenga, maze rusanga ibi bivuze ko kudasubizwa cyangwa kudasubizwa mu gihe giteganywa n’amategeko ku mukozi wa Leta ugengwa na sitati rusange y’abakozi ba Leta ubwabyo bitamuhesha uburenganzira ku byo yatakambiraga, ko ahubwo bimufungurira inzira yo kuregera Urukiko rubifitiye ububasha, agaragaza ishingiro ry’uburenganzira yaharaniraga mu itakamba rye kugira ngo Urukiko rubisuzume2. [26] Urukiko rurasanga kandi muri urwo rubanza Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwaratanze umurongo ko umukozi usaba kwemeza ko afite uburenganzira bwo gusubizwa mu kazi cyangwa ko ubwo burenganzira bwahutajwe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko cyangwa usaba icyemezo gitegeka ko abusubizwamo nk’uko byahoze mbere, aregera Urukiko kugira ngo rusuzume ishingiro ry’ibyo avuga ndetse n’uwo asaba kubahiriza uburenganzira bwe yiregure, kandi ko ibyo bidakorerwa mu kirego cyatanzwe mu buryo bw’inyandiko nsobanurakirego gitanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe3.

1 Ingingo ya 189, igika cya 1, y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’izubutegetsi iteganya igisobanuro gikurikira cya bene icyo kirego: inyandiko nsobanurakiego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe ni uburyo budasanzwe bwo kuregera umucamanza umusaba kugira ibyo aramira mu buryo bwihuse. Ibikubiye muri iyo nyandiko bigomba kandi kuba ari ibibazo bigaragara ko nta mpaka biteye ku buryo byaba ngombwa ko undi muburanyi ahamagarwa. 2 Reba agace ka 33 ku rupapuro rwa 14 rw’urubanza RS/INJUST/RAD 00004/2022/SC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 03/02/2023. 3 Reba agace ka 35 ku rupapuro rwa 15 rw’urubanza rumaze kuvugwa haruguru.

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[27] Urukiko rurasanga muri uru rubanza, nk’uko byavuzwe haruguru, RSSB isaba ko hongera gusuzumwa niba mu kuregera Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge mu buryo bwasobanuwe haruguru bw’inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe kandi bikemezwa n’Urukiko Rukuru mu rubanza rusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, Bisangwa Jean de Dieu yarubahirije amategeko. [28] Nyuma yo kugereranya uru rubanza n’urubanza RS/INJUST/RAD 00004/2022/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 03/02/2023, uru Rukiko rugasanga kuri iyi ngingo ikibazo kigomba gusuzumwa gisa neza neza n’ikibazo cyasuzumwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga muri urwo rubanza, Urukiko rurasanga, nk’uko mu rubanza RS/INJUST/RAD 00004/2022/CS Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwashimangiye icyemezo cy’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, cy’uko ikirego cya Kanyarukato Augustin kitagombaga gutangwa mu buryo bw’inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe, uru Rukiko narwo rurasanga ikirego cya Bisangwa Jean de Dieu mu rubanza RAD 00180/2021/TGI/NYGE cyatazwe mu buryo bumwe n’icyo kitaragombaga kwakirwa. [29] Hashingiwe ku bisobanuro byatanzwe haruguru, Urukiko rurasanga ibyo RSSB ivuga kandi bigashyigikirwa na Komisiyo ishinzwe abakozi ba Leta ko Bisangwa Jean de Dieu yatanze ikirego mu buryo budakurikije amategeko bigateza akarengane mu rubanza RADA 00048/2022/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 30/11/2022, bifite ishingiro. Urukiko rukaba rusanga urubanza RADA 00048/2022/HC/KIG rugomba guhinduka mu ngingo zarwo zose. 2. Kumenya niba urubanza RADA 00048/2022/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 30/11/2022 rutashobora kurangizwa [30] RSSB ivuga ko urubanza RADA 00048/2022/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 30/11/2022 rudashobora kurangizwa bitewe n’uko umwanya w’umurimo Bisangwa Jean Dieu yakoragaho yamaze kuwusimburwamo n’undi mukozi kandi RSSB ikaba iri mu rugendo rwa réforme (restructuring), ikaba itabona aho imushyira, cyane cyane ko RSSB yamaze kuba urwego rwihariye, n’abakozi bayo bakaba bafite sitati yihariye, umukozi wayo itaboneye akazi akaba nta handi yamwohereza muri Leta nk’uko byashobokaga mbere ikiri Ikigo cya Leta. [31] Bisangwa Jean de Dieu avuga ko ibivugwa na RSSB atari ukuri, kuko kuva igihe yirukaniwe nta gushaka no gushyira abakozi mu myanya byigeze bibaho muri RSSB ndetse na réforme bavuga bikaba nta shingiro bikwiye guhabwa kuko nta na kimwe kigaragarizwa ibimenyetso bifatika bijyanye n’iryo simbuzwa rye birimo kuba harabayeho gushaka no gushyira abakozi mu myanya (Recruitment na restructuring). Asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ko rwamurenganura rugafata icyemezo kitabangamira ubwisanzure bwe n’uburenganzira bwe, kandi ko Urukiko ruramutse rusanze kurangiza urubanza mu buryo bwo kumusubiza mu kazi bidashoboka, rwazategeka ko rurangizwa mu buryo bw’ingurane maze rugategeke ko RSSB imuha ingurane ingana na miliyoni magana ane na mirongo itatu n’ebyiri n’ibihumbi magana atanu na mirongo ine na bitatu n’amafaranga magana arindwi na makumyabiri n’atandatu (432,543,726 Frw) ihwanye n’igihe cy’imyaka 27, Bisangwa Jean de Dieu yari asigaje ngo agere mu gihe cy’izabukuru, aya mafaranga akaba ashingiye ku kuba ngo yari ageze ku ntera y’umushahara mbumbe ungana na 1,127,011.5Frw kongeraho lampsum ingana na 208,000Frw, bigahwana na 1,335,011,5Frw x amezi 12 agize umwaka x imyaka 27 asigaje kubaho akora kugira ngo yuzuze imyaka y’izabukuru = 432,543,726 Frw. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [32] Urukiko rushingiye ku bimaze gusesengurwa mu ngingo zabanje haruguru zirebana n’ikibazo cy’uburyo Bisangwa Jean de Dieu yatanze ikirego cye, rukaba rwanzuye ko yagitanze mu buryo budakurije amategeko kandi rukemeza ikurwaho ry’ibyemezo byose byakomotse kuri icyo kirego,

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rurasanga bitakiri ngombwa gusuzuma iyi ngingo yerekeranye no kumenya niba urubanza RADA 00048/2022/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 30/11/2022 rudashobora kurangizwa, kuko nyine narwo rugomba kuvanwaho mu ngingo zarwo zose. 3.Gusuzuma ishingiro ry’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka asabwa na Bisangwa Jean de Dieu [33] Bisangwa Jean de Dieu asaba Urukiko gutegeka RSSB kumusubiza amafaranga y'ikurikiranarubanza ahwanye na 500.000 Frw kongeraho igihembo cya Avoka kingana na 1.000.000 Frw, yose hamwe akaba ari 1.500.000 Frw. RSSB ntacyo yazisobanuyeho. [34] Nta wundi muburanyi muri runo rubanza wigeze agira icyo avuga kuri bene aya mafaranga asabwa na Bisangwa Jean de Dieu, haba ari mu rwego rwo kuyireguraho cyangwa se urwo kuyisabira. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [35] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N°22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, iteganya ko ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe. [36] Urukiko rurasanga amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka Bisangwa Jean de Dieu asaba ntayo akwiriye, kuko ntacyo atsindiye muri uru rubanza nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [37] Rwemeje ko ikirego cyatanzwe na Rwanda Social Security Board (RSSB) cyo gusubirishamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane urubanza RADA 00048/2022/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 30/11/2022, gifite ishingiro. [38] Rwemeje ko ikirego cya Bisangwa Jean de Dieu cyatanzwe mu buryo bw’inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe ku rwego rwa mbere mu rubanza RAD 00180/2021/TGI/NYGE cyatanzwe mu buryo budakurikije amategeko, kikaba kitaragombaga kwakirwa. [39] Rwemeje ko urubanza RADA 00048/2022/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 30/11/2022 ruhindutse mu ngingo zarwo zose.